1st example: Muawiya acquired declaration of fealty, as a caliph, by means of massacring, destroying, searing and reviling at the Prophet's supporters. He misused the Muslims' fortunes he had amassed during the twenty year dominion of Syria for the aim of fortifying his authorities. He invented an income distributed on the military at the nomination of a new caliph.39
This trend became indisputably obvious after Muawiya's proposing his son, Yazeed the notorious lascivious and ill-mannered, as the caliph, in addition to the coercive procedures of acquiring people's declaration of allegiance.
2nd example: Muawiya-bn-Abi-Sufian advised his son, Yazeed, to opt for Muslim-bn-Aqaba for quelling any probable rebellion in Al-Madina. Muslim-bn-Aqaba kept a list containing names of the most immaculate Sahaba, so that he would not miss any. In the center of the Prophet's capital, Muslim perpetrated the most outrageous crimes. Marwan was the commander while Muslim and his militaries were the executors. Besides the merciless executions, results of this operation advised by Muawiya, can be counted in the following points:
1. The whole warriors of Badr were terminated.
2. Seventy men from people of Quraish and the Ansar were killed. ____________
39 Al-Qasimi's Nizamul-Hukm, page 283.
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3. Ten thousand individuals from the Arab and the non Arab were killed.
These were incidents of Al-Harra encounter that occurred in 63A.H. Abdullah-bn-Omar, who had been withdrawing from the continuous conflict between Ali and Muawiya, declared the saying which was changed, afterward, into an institutional rule; "We are with the controlling."40
3rd example: Muawiya assigned Bisr-bn-Arta'a as the commander of three thousand soldiers and ordered him of acquiring fealty declaration of people of Al-Madina, Mecca and Yemen. It was the year 40 when Bisr ascended the pulpit and menaced people of Al-Madina with killing if they would reject declaring fealty to Muawiya. After having finished his mission in Mecca, Bisr advanced towards Yemen. As he could not find Ubeidullah-bn-Abbas, the governor of Yemen, Bisr killed Abdor-Rahman and Al-Qasim, the two young children of Ubeidullah, and their maternal uncle. Bisr perpetrated heavy massacres in Al-Madina, between the two mosques, Al-Jawf and San'a. He killed every man descried as acceding to Ali-bn-Abi-Talib.41
Juweiriyeh, the mother of the two young children killed by Bisr, used to circumbulate around her house with her hair dispersed, and eulogize her two children with excessively expressive words.
4th example: It is related that Ja'deh-bnt-Al-Ash'ath-bn-Qeis killed her husband, Al-Hassan-bn-Ali, with poison she had taken from Muawiya. The incentive beyond her ill deed was that Muawiya had promised her with one hundred thousand dirhams and selecting her as his son's wife. After the decease of Al-Hassan due to poisoning, Muawiya sent the sum he had promised Ja'deh of, but he broke the other promise saying: "We will chose you as our son's wife unless we do want him to live!"
It is related that during his dying, Al-Hassan said: "He, Muawiya, did achieve his goal; but he shall never make his words nor shall he fulfill his promise."
____________
40 our An-Nidhamus-Siyasi Fil-Islam, page 182.
41 Al-Imameh Wes-Siyaseh and Al-Mas'udi's Muroujut-Theheb, page 26.
Al-Abbas-bn-Abdil-Muttelib related: I was with the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) when he smiled in the face of Ali-bn-Abi-Talib while he was approaching. As I sought an explanation, the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: "O the Prophet's uncle! I do assert that Allah does love this man more than I do. The prophet's progenies are their sons. Mine is Ali's." 42
People of Syria elected Abdor-Rahman-bn-Khalid-bn-Al-Waleed as Muawiya's successor. This was the reason beyond Muawiya's poisoning him. The same thing was done to Abdor-Rahman-bn-Abi-Bakr.43
5th Example: The Grand Beatitude:
Mohammed-bn-Jarir At-Tabarani, Mohammed-bn-Hameed Ar-Razi, Ali-bn-Mujahid, Mohammed-bn-Isaaq, Al-Fadhl-bn-Rabee'a:
Abdullah-bn-Al-Abbas related: I was in the mosque when I heard Muawiya recite 'Allahu Akbar' declaratorily. Responding this declaration, people encompassing him, recited the same statement. When people of the mosque heard so, they participated. From her place, Fakhiteh
bnt-Qaraza-bn-Amr-bn-Nawfel-bn-Abd Menaf went out and wondered: "God may please you,
Amirul-Mu'minin! What is this news that made you so jovial?" "It is the decease of Al-Hassan-bn-Ali." answered Muawiya. She was highly touched; therefore, she wept and cried: "The master of Muslims and the son of the Prophet is dead." "The best thing you are doing." said Muawiya, " He was certainly as exactly as you have described."
As soon as I was informed of the news I hurried up to Muawiya. "O son of Al-Abbas! Have you been informed of the news of Al-Hassan-bn-Ali's death?" he asked. "Yes, I have. Did you recite 'Allahu Akbar' for this very reason?" I wondered. "Yes, it was." Muawiya affirmed.44
6th example: The troops led by Amr-bn-Sa'd-bn-Abi-Waqqas, the Sahabi, advanced.. Because of the heavy numbers of troops surrounding Al-Hussein (peace be upon him), he had to fight them since he was sure ____________
42 Al-Mas'udi's Muroujut-Theheb, vol. 2, page 477.
43 Alisti'ab. Sec. Abdor-Rahman Bin Khalid Bin Al-Waleed. See Shikhul-Madhira, page 175. 44 Al-Mas'udi's Muroujut-Theheb, vol. 2, page 478-9.
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he would not find an exit. He fought to death. A man from people of Mithaj decapitated Al-Hussein and took his head to Ubeidullah-bn-Ziyad seeking the prize of killing that 'deferential celebrity, son of the most
honorable father and mother' as the killer admits.
Al-Belathiri, in his Ansabul-Ashraf, relates that in addition to their robbing the apparel of Al-Hussein, the killed, horsemen executed the command of Omar-bn-Sa'd, the Sahabi, of treading Al-Hussein's chest with their horses. Isaaq-bn-Hubeira Al-Hadhrami and his group were mandated for this operation. Thus, they trod Al-Hussein's dead body. After having terminated the offspring of Mohammed, intercepting them from having from the near at hand River Euphrates, from which even dogs drink, Omar-bn-Sa'd-bn-Abi-Waqqas and his troops came back bearing triumph.
7th example: During his meeting Muawiya, Imam Al-Hassan addressed at people of Kufa: "Saving your three acts that I can never disregard; your killing my father, robbing my gear and stabbing me in the abdomen, I would be careless for you. Thereupon I declare fealty to Muawiya."
This occurred after he (peace be upon him) had led a twelve thousand fighter army and camped in
Al-Meda'in. Aback, some of his warriors robbed his luggage and gave him up. In addition, some attempted to enchain Imam Hassan and take to Muawiya. Some, however, aimed at killing him.
Massacres, destruction, flaming, terminating the warriors of — the battle of — Badr, killing eleven thousand Muslims of the capital, Al-Madina, in a single day; all these are matters contradictory to decency.
In a like manner, murdering young children and executing every one showing, even surmisingly, Ali's affection are matters opposing claim of decency.
Correspondingly, poisoning Al-Hassan, killing Al-Hussein, trudging his chest with horses, terminating Mohammed's progeny and depriving them of drinking are matters violating claim of decency.
Besides others, occurrence of such matters repeals claims of those who rule
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of the ultimate decency of Sahaba as a whole. It repeals, likewise, their claim of the Sahaba's being in the Paradise and being saved from the Hell. Adopting for such a claim leads to the existence of rewarding those who perpetrated actions illegalized by Allah.
Actions like poisoning Imam Al-Hassan, killing Imam Al-Hussein and terminating the Prophet's progeny and companions cannot be regarded but an aggression. It cannot be decided as a sort of Ijtihad — doing the best for gaining an acceptable manner — under any circumstances. It is logically, religiously, justifiably and topically impossible to reckon perpetrators of such murders with the decent. Any commander, even paganists, will elevatedly evade committing such crimes of killing young children in the absence of their father, like that perpetrated by Bisr-bn-Arta'a. As a matter of fact, existence or absence of two young children should never affect authority of Muawiya. It is, by all means, a savage unreasonable deed. Is it, then, rational that the perpetrator of such a misdeed is reckoned with the decent? It is rational that the perpetrator of such a misdeed shall be certainly in the Paradise?
As to partisan pursuance, any strange matter is acceptable. It is, however, unacceptable in accordance to laws of the infallible Divine Doctrine.
Thus, actuality, together with incidents occurred after the Prophet's decease, does perfectly repeal the Sahaba's ultimate decency conception. Occurrences are contradictory to the conception which had been established, as we shall see, only for certain political purposes, including covering up transgression against legality and the illegal transference of power. God, however, is the Prevalent. People pursued each other in respect to this conception till it became as same as transference of fashions.