DIGITAL LIBRARY : ISSUE , CHALLENGES AND FUTURE

Prof. Memane Sanjay Manohar, Librarian, Annasaheb Awate College, Manchar

Abstract

21st century web savvy people believe that one day everything ever created by humans will be available online. Call it the myth or a truth it is the future of Digital Libraries. Because there is unlimited real estate in cyberspace and because media can be digitized, we can fill cyberspace with all human knowledge and give everyone access to it. Information in all forms is recognized as a very valuable and powerful resource, forcing information management disciplines to become highly professional and technologically updated. All information in any recorded format can be conveyed in one common format— digital. This paints the vision of a sweeping and awesome potential of ―Paperless Society‖. This paper is intended to describe the technology trends in digital libraries, discuss key issues involved in digital library implementation, challenges, and provide some new future trends of digital library. The paper takes up the future concepts like Digital Classrooms, Digital Talking Books, Verbal Society, Paperless Society and Untethered Communication

Keywords: Digital Library, Paperless Society, E-Learning

Introduction:- The concept of Digital Library is already a comfortingly familiar not in world but also in India. Every single institution is hosting its own Digital library, so they have been omnipresent all over. However, a single isolated Digital Library is valueless till it is not connected to the world. The library, historically a cornerstone of scholarly endeavor, is reinventing itself in today‘s networked society to meet these new demands. Instead of a building that holds books, the library is evolving into an electronic portal to a growing global collection of digital content. The doors to this virtual library are now open 24 hours a day, seven days a week, and the library‘s holdings come to the user when needed. Today‘s library includes sophisticated tools that make it easy to find the best information resources, delivering them to one‘s desktop or mobile computing device at the push of a button. The potential of the internet offers the possibility of universal access to everything. According to DELCOS ―Digital libraries should enable any citizen to access all human knowledge anytime and anywhere, in a friendly, multi-modal, efficient, and effective way, by overcoming barriers of distance, language, and culture and by using multiple Internet-connected devices‖

What is Digital Library:- According to the American Digital Library Federation, digital libraries are organizations that provide the resources, including the specialized staff, to select, structure, offer intellectual access to, interpret, distribute, preserve the integrity of, and ensure the persistence over time of collection of digital works so that they are readily and economically available for use by a defined community or set of communities. The definition of a digital library can be given as a set of characteristics are as follows. The digital library is a collection of services, collection of information objects, supporting users with information objects, organization and preservation of those objects, availability directly or indirectly, and electronic/digital availability. The primary objective of digital library is to improve the access as well as it also includes the cost saving, preservation, keeping peace with technology and information sharing. A main benefit of digital library is to preserve rare and fragile objects by enhancing their access to multiple users simultaneously. There are several reasons for libraries to go for digitization, but the prime reason for the digitization is the need of the user for convenient access to high quality of information. Other important considerations for the digital library are quality preservation, multiple referencing, wide area usage, archival storage, and security measure. Digital collection, associated technology, and its work/services are the important characteristics of digital library. Stand-alone Digital Library, Federated Digital Library, and Harvested Digital Library are mainly three types of digital libraries are exist

Function of Digital Library:- Digital library collection contains permanent documents. The digital environment will enable quick handling and ephemerical information. Access to large amounts of information to users wherever they are and whenever they need it.Access to primary information sources.Support multimedia content along with text.Network accessibility on Internet and Intranet.Client server architecture.Hypertext links for navigation.

Purpose of Digital Library:-Expedite the systematic development of procedures to collect, store and organize, information in digital form.Promote efficient delivery of information economically to all users.Encourage co- operative efforts in research resource computing and communication networks.Strengthen communication and collaboration between and among educational institution.Take leadership role in the generation and dissemination of knowledge.

Digital library challenges Creating ―effective‖ digital libraries pose serious challenges for existing and futuretechnologies. The integration of digital media into traditional collections will not be straightforward, like previous new media (e.g., video audio tapes), because of the unique nature of digital information, which is less fixed, easily copied, and remotely accessible by multiple users simultaneously. Some specific challenges are resource discovery, digital collection development, digital library administration, copyright and licensing, etc., library of congress specified various challenges for building an effective digital library, which are grouped as broad categories as follows.

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Building the resource :-Develop improved technology for digitizing analog materials Design search and retrieval tools that compensate for abbreviated or incomplete cataloging or descriptive information Design tools that facilitate the enhancement of cataloging or descriptive information by incorporating the contributions of users. Interoperability :-Establish protocols and standards to facilitate the assembly of distributed digital libraries. Intellectual property :-Address legal concerns associated with access, copying, and dissemination of physical and digital materials.

Effective access :-Integrate access to both digital and physical materials Develop approaches that can present heterogeneous resources in a coherent way Make the national digital library useful to different communities of users and for different purposes Provide more effective and flexible tools for transforming digital content to suit the need of end users.

Sustaining the resource :-Develop economic models for the support of the national digital library.

Digital Libraries and its Future: Digital Libraries can provide text, voice, and image (animation, graphs, photographs, and video), to the end users timely and boundlessly through the Internet. The goal of it is 24 x 7 services anytime and anywhere. The World Wide Web (WWW) plays an essential role in the process. Emerging technologies have made it possible to provide services anytime and anywhere. Libraries, museums and archives are trying to utilize technologies to preserve and distribute valuable information for their users in the form of Digital Libraries. The future Digital Libraries are not a science fiction or the librarian‘s nightmare, it is actually a dream come true. So the future Digital Libraries can be visualized as a library without a single physical lending item on the shelves, without books in print, library without shelves, just large cooled servers, whirring digital archives linked through digital networks with machines for copying and distribution. The components of Digital Libraries which will play a significant role in near future include: digital objects, metadata, repositories and harvesting, rights management, indexing, resource discovery, searching and retrieving, linking, interfaces and interaction, architectures, and interconnections. DLs are developed in highly distributed environments. Paperless Society:- The image of a paperless society appears in both science fiction and science research. As computers have dropped in cost, increased in storage capacity, and become easily connected to each other, it seems that the dream of a paperless existence will become a reality. Lancaster and others envisioned a paperless society in which electronic publishing would eventually replace use of the printed word .Data are now available that confirm this trend. Usingthe total volume of words in broadcasting, publishing, the mails, and telecommunications, it has found that the use of electronic and digital media has grown rapidly, whereas the supply of words in print has leveled off or even declined.

Digital Classrooms: As we move further into the second decade of 21st century, digital services will continue to proliferate. Classrooms that are equipped with the latest digital media have the potential to provide more memorable and stimulating educational experiences. Digital classroom and availability of the wireless laptops makes the library an even more attractive and accommodating space for teaching and study. By increasing the convenience and range of technology available, the library can become a preferred place of study. Students with help of upcoming Digital Libraries will be able to go online and immediately access and play a video that has the exact moment in which was captured. If a student has his iPod he/she can instantly play his online educational course material videos in classroom. for digital content in the classroom will in coming years will increase pressures on Digital Libraries to mount more content. In coming years educators and students will reap the benefits of digital libraries that can be updated in real-time and are not hampered by storage restrictions. Digital Talking Books: The first steps toward the worldwide transition from analog to digital talking books were taken in Sweden in 1988, when the Swedish Library of Talking Books and Braille (TPB) initiated a project to develop a digital talking book.The core of the concept was the phrase-based storage of audio. Digital talking Book was based on following abilities:Ability to skim the text, phrase by phrase or section by section, where each section is a collection of phrases;Ability to search for different elements in the text-based table of contents;Ability to search for specific pages in the talking book;Ability to place and search for bookmarks in the book; and in a future version,Ability to ―underline‖ and make notes in the talking book.

Conclusion :- Libraries around the world have been working on this daunting set of challenges for several years now. The library/information center has to overcome the inhibitions and look ahead for the betterment of information services to the user community by successfully adopting the digital technology. The need of the hour and keep pace with world. It seems that the days may not far when the whole world would have digital libraries interconnecting all libraries to meet the academic and research needs within the short time. However, before digital libraries took over the library and information network, the country‘s archives laws needs to be changed to meet the current challenges in the areas of copyright protection of data and prevention of corruption of data. Librarians have discovered that, with a few exceptions, making a business case for digitization and investments in digital technology is more difficult than first envisioned, especially given the technical and legal constraints that must first be overcome.

References:-

Srinivasan P. Digital library project in the United States. DESIDOC Bull Inform Technol 1997;17(6):15-21.

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DIGITAL LIBRARY TECHNOLOGY IS HELPFUL PART OF UNIVERSITY LIBRARY

Mr.Bonde Rajkumar Gangaram, Shri JJT University, Jhunjhunu,Rajasthan

Abstracts

Net savvy people a day, all of humanity has ever created, I believe that in the 21st century will be Available online. Call it a myth or truth is the future of the digital library. Because there unlimited real estate in cyberspace, digital media can be, we can fill cyberspace. All human knowledge and give access to none of it. Various forms of information have been identified as the most valuable and a powerful resource, information management discipline is forcing more Professional and technical updates. All information recorded in any form, can reveal in a common digital format. This is depicted in the vision papers "and the amazing potential sweep Community.‖This article will discuss the main objective is to describe technology trends in digital library Participation in the implementation of the digital library, and offers some of the new digital future trends Library.

Keywords: - Digital Libraries, University Library, e-Learning,

1. Introduction:- The concept of the digital library is already a comfort in an unfamiliar world, but in India. Everything they have become ubiquitous across the country, so a single company hosting your own digital library. However, It is not connected to the rest of the world has any value in a single isolated digital library. Education is the foundation of life in the history of the library; it is reinventing itself in today's network Community to meet these new requirements. Instead of building on the books, the library is evolving Electronic portals in a digital content, developing the collection. Door-to-virtual Library Week is now open 24 hours a day, seven days, and is the property of the library users when needed. You can easily find the best information on the library, includes advanced tools Resources, to provide for their own desktop or mobile computing device, press the button. Internet offers the opportunity to all potential worldwide. StepDELCOS "digital library of all human knowledge accessible to any citizen at any time, wherever that will be Anywhere, with a friendly, multi-mode, efficient and effective way, by overcoming obstacles of distance, Language and culture, and many of the Internet to connect to the device using the "Still taking the number of active digital future digital library, as has become too complicated All over the world. Needs, expectations, and between different applications the digital library through the concept of user groups with broad participation Comprehensive. Sixth international caliber, 2008, Allahabad, Allahabad, February 28-29 March1,2008 © INFLIBNET Centre, AhmedabadInternational caliber, 2008Digital libraries can be defined as a collection of a wide range of future corporate entity Metadata, playlists, including the main source material for the purpose of intellectual property, learning Objects, data sets, and digital repository - organized and managed manner.

2. Digital Library and Its Future helping in University Library:- The digital library of text, voice and image (animation, graphics, photos and videos) can offer by the end of the relevant wireless network. Its purpose, go- clock service from anywhere. World Wide Web (www) plays an important role in the process. New it is technically possible services anytime, anywhere, has to offer. Libraries, Museums Trying to use technology to save and distribute valuable information for archives its digital library in the form of a user. It really is a digital library of the future, not science fiction or a librarian‘s nightmareA dream comes true. So, you can see that there was a digital library is a library in the future Financing projects in the body of the wardrobe, no printed books, just not great on library shelves Cooling Digital Archives whirring servers, copy machines connected by a digital network Anddistribution. Includes elements that play a significant role in the future of digital libraries: Digital Objects, metadata repository and harvest, rights management, indexing, resource discovery, Search and rescue, linking, interfaces and interactive architecture and interconnected highly distributed development environment.Especially in terms of how long the understanding, the future has been subject to speculation and controversy And a day of information, representation and access are stored.

3. Paperless Society:-The image appears in both science and science paperless society. The Computers, the cost will increase storage capacity to fall, and become easily attached It seems that the dream has become a reality for other papers. Lancaster, who envisioned a society, paperless electronic publishing will eventually Instead of using printed text. The data is now available to confirm this trend. Application Broadcast, publishing, news, and then the amount of Telecommunications, is it found in the use of electronic and digital media is growing rapidly, and supply Print word has stabilized or declined. The digital outputs will lead to the release of academic information and social papers. It is simply, in all print and digital text to be replaced, because the library because it is said, Construction projects will soon disappear. Support for Microsoft's Gordon Bell and Jim Gray fifty years, "nearly all predicted spatial information network. Including all the knowledge works.

4. Unrestricted Contact:-Uncontrolled growth of communication, anywhere, visually, "When are most likely to help achieve anytime, anywhere "access to digital content, wall removal, and we still have the traditional salad Library settings, despite decades of research DL. Unrestricted communication skills this refers to the combination of wireless and mobile technologies. It includes a variety of personal information Equipment and wearable computing devices demonstrated tremendous growth in the past, Years. Cellular phone or mobile phone, which is almost unheard of in the 1980s, is now using Millions of users around the world. According to

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market research, user Cable service to 15 times faster than the basis for the development of wireless communication services.

5. Digital Classroom:-We enter the second decade of the 21st century, digital services will continue to spread. And provide greater efficiency must be equipped with the latest digital multimedia classrooms Irritation memorable and educational experience.

Analysis:- We are provided to following some questions to University library users and collected from 115 users for further statistical analysis. This is our limitations of our study. We used survey method and random sampling method for this analysis. The conclusions and statistical analysis are follows:-

Q.1.Are you used digital material in library campus regularly?

Sometime Used Always Used Never Used

30 78 7

In this above figure shown more than 68 % University library user used the digital materials in library campus.It means usages of digital materials is always than 85 %.

Q.2.Are you usedyour smart cell phone or palm tab for your e-learning in our library campus?

Yes Not

111 4

In modern India smart phone or android phones used for digital use or e-learning is very high shown in above figure.

Q.3.Are you agreed that Digital Library system are verses to Traditional (Printed) library?

Extremely Not Agreed Very Not Agreed Somewhat Not Agreed

88 24 3

In that figure shown that digital library are not verses to our regular library it is always supporting or complementary to traditional library.

Q.4.Are you satisfied about availability non-print media of our library?

Good Fair Poor

89 22 4

This figure shows that every library is having lot of non print media available for better use of our library users. Q.5.Are you satisfied about Web Based OPAC facility in our library?