Drug Name Mode of Action Indication Interaction Side Effect Nursing Consideration Generic Name:
Cefuroxime axetil Brand Name:
Ceftin
Classification:
Cephalosporin 2nd generation that inhibits cell-wall
synyhesis,promot ing osmotic instability;usually bactericidal.
-Lower respiratory infection
Contraindication:
-Contraindicated in patients
hypersensitivity to cephalosporin
-Amino glycosides -Loop diuretics -Probenecid
GI: nausea and vomiting
SKIN: rash,pruritus, urticaria
-Determine history of
hypersensitivity reactions to drugs.
-Check the IV site before giving the medicartion.
-Instruct the parent or guardian of the patient to Notify the prescriber about rash or evidence of
superinfection.
-Administer medication with meals to decrease GI upset and enhance absorption.
-Advise the parent or
guardian of the patient to re portloose stools or
diarrhea.
Drug Name Mode of Action Indication Interaction Side Effect Nursing Consideration Generic Name:
citirizine +penylphrine Brand Name:
Alnix Plus
Classification:
Antihistamine
Dosage: 2.5ml Frequency: BID
Route: P.O
-A long-acting nonsedating antihistamine that selective inhibits pheripera H1 receptor.
-Seasonal allergic rhinitis
-Perennial allergic rhinitis,chronic urticaria
Contraindication:
-Contraindicated in patients
hypersensitivity to drug.
-Use cautiously in patients with renal and hepatic
impairement.
-dry mouth,nausea, vomiting,abdominal distress.
-couhing,bronchospasm
-Assess for allergy
symptoms: rhinitis, pruritus, urticaria, watering eyes, before and periodically during treatment.
-Assess respiratory status and increase in bronchial secretions, wheezing, chest tightness: provide fluids to decrease viscosity or thickness of secretion.
-Instruct the patient’s family to take 1hr before or 2 hrs after a meal to facilitate absorption.
-Advise pts family to use sugarless gum, candy, frequent zip of water of minimize dry mouth.
-Instruct pts family to inform physician if dizziness
occurs or if symptoms persist.
Drug Name Mode of Action Indication Interaction Side Effect Nursing Consideration Generic Name:
clarithromycin Brand Name:
Klaz
Frequency: BID (on full stomach)
Route: PO
-Inhibits protein synthesis in susceptible bacteria, causing cell death.
-Bacterial infection (pneumonia)
Contraindication:
-Contraindicated in patients
hypersensitivity to clarithromycin, erythromycin, or any macrolide antibiotic. headache, vertigo, fatigue
GI: diarrhea, abdominal pain or discomfort,nausea,vo miting,
pseudomembranous colitis.
SKIN: rash(pediatric) HEMATOLOGIC:
leukopenia,coagulati on abnormalities.
-Assess bowel
pattern,discontinue drug if severe diarrhea occurs.
-Assess patient’s infection before therapy and regularly thereafter.
-Take drug with food if GI effects occur.Do not drink grapefruit juice while taking this drugs.
-Shake suspension before use:
do not refrigerate.
-Instruct the pts family to take all medication prescribed for the length of time ordered and to continue drug therapy as
prescribed even he feels better.
-Instruct the pts family to report persistent adverse reactions.
-Advise the pts family to report diarrhea, rash or itching, mouth sores.
Drug Name Mode of Action Indication Interaction Side Effect Nursing Consideration Generic Name:
dibencozide increases the protein efficiency coefficient ie, the percentage of bound nitrogen for protein build-up in the body compared to ingested nitrogen with food intake.
-Premature babies, low birth weight, retarded growth, poor appetite in infants, children and adults.
Contraindication:
- Hypersensitivity to drugs or its
ingredients
- GI: Constipation,
Diarrhea, N/V.
CV: Tachycardia CNS: Overstimulation, Headache, Dizziness, Insomnia
-Advise the parent of the patient to avoid products that contain caffeine.
-Report any evidence of excessive stimulation
Drug Name Mode of Action Indication Interactio n
Side Effect Nursing Consideration
Generic Name:
hydrocortisone sodium
succinate Brand Name:
Solu-Cortef y by stabilizing leukocyte
-contraindicated in patients
hypersensitivity to drug or its
ingredients,in those receiving immunosuppressiv e
doses together with live virus vaccine,and in premature infants.
-NSAID’s -GI irritation -growth
-Assess the pt’s condition before starting therapy and reassess regularly.
-Tell the parents or guardian of the patient not to stop drug abruptly or without prescriber’s consent.
-Warn the parents or guardian of the patient on long-term therapy about cushing effects (moon face,buffalo hump) and need to notify prescriber about sudden weight gain or swelling,ang easy bruising.
-Monitor the patient’s weight and electrolyte level.
-Instruct the parents or guardian of the patient to take Vit.D and calcium supplement.
-Encourage the parents or guardian of the patient to deep breathing exercise.
-Teach the parents or guardian
of the patient sign and symptoms of early adrenal insufficiency:
fatigue,muscleweakness,jointpai n,fever,anorexia,nausea,
Shortness of
breath,dizziness,and fainting.
Drug Name Mode of Action Indication Interaction Side Effect Nursing Consideration Generic Name:
paracetamol Brand Name:
Tempra
Thought to produce analgesia by blocking pain impulses by inhibiting synthesis of prostaglandin in the CNS or other substances that sensitize pain receptors to stimulation.The drug may relieve fever through central action in the hypothalamic heat regulating center.
-Mild pain or fever
Contraindication:
-Contraindicated in patients
hypersensitivity to drugs.
- Barbiturates - Carbamazepine - Hydantoins - Fifampin - Sulfinpyrazone
- hemolytic anemia - neutropenia - leukopenia - pancytopenia - jaundice - rash - urticaria
-Assess pts fever: temperature, diaphoresis.
-Give with food or milk to
decrease gastric symptoms;give 30mins before or 2hrs after meals;absorption may be slowed.
- Advise the parents to do tepid sponge bath (TSB) to lower the body temperature (if the pt. is febrile 38 and above).
- Tell parents to consult
prescriber before giving drug to children younger than age 2.
-Advise the parent of the patient that the drug is only for short-term used and to consult
prescriber if giving to children for longer than 5 days.
-Tell parents to increase fluid intake to prevent dehydration.
Drug Name Mode of Action Indication Interaction Side Effect Nursing Consideration Generic Name:
paracetamol Brand Name:
Classification:
Thought to produce analgesia by blocking pain impulses by inhibiting synthesis of prostaglandin in the CNS or other substances that sensitize pain receptors to stimulation.The drug may relieve fever through central action in the hypothalamic heat regulating center.
-Mild pain or fever
Contraindication:
-Contraindicated in patients
hypersensitivity to drugs.
- Barbiturates - Carbamazepine - Hydantoins - Fifampin - Sulfinpyrazone
- hemolytic anemia - neutropenia - leukopenia - pancytopenia - jaundice - rash - urticaria
-Assess pts fever:
temperature, diaphoresis.
-Give with food or milk to decrease gastric
symptoms;give 30mins before or 2hrs after meals;absorption may be slowed.
-Assess the IV site before giving medication.
- Advise the parents to do tepid sponge bath (TSB) to lower the body temperature (if the pt. is febrile 38 and above).
- Tell parents to consult prescriber before giving drug to children younger than age 2.
-Advise the parent of the patient that the drug is only for short-term used and to consult prescriber if giving to children for longer than 5
days.
-Tell parents to increase fluid intake to prevent dehydration.
Drug Name Mode of Action Indication Interaction Side Effect Nursing Consideration Generic Name:
montelukast sodium Brand Name:
Singulair Classification: ve leukotriene receptor antagonist that reduces early and late-phase bronchoconstriction from antigen
challenge.
-asthma
-seasonal allergic rhinitis
Contraindication:
-Contraindicated in patients
hypersensitivity to drug.
-Use cautiously and with
appropriate monitoring in patients whose dosages of systemic
corticosteroids are reduced.
congestion,dental pain GI:dyspepsia,infectious condition before therapy and regularly thereafter to monitor drug effectiveness.
-Assess respiration ausculted bilateral lung fields:rate and rhythm.
-Assess for allergic
reactions: rash, urticaria, and pruritus.
-Take with or without
food.May give directly in
mouth or mixed w/a spoon of soft food (carrots, apple sauce, juice, milk rice).
-Assess patien’s and family’s knowledge of drug therapy.