Power systems

The review period for the short circuit analysis and coordination study should take place in one day and should be eight hours long, and the Contractor must have the engineer who prepared the report available during this review period. For smaller projects, a four hour review session shall be required.

Available short circuit current shall be indicated on the plans at the service point and at all panelboards and switchboards. The characteristics of the first upstream protective device shall be indicated on the one-line diagram. If this device is a fuse, the manufacturer model number and ampacity shall be provided. If a relay is applied, the manufacturer model number and CT setting shall be provided. The one-line diagram shall also indicate the time margin Southern California Edison requires between its own protective device and the Port of Long Beach main overcurrent device at the maximum fault level.

Version 2.0 6-16 1/30/2009 6.4.2.4 Grounding

Copper-clad steel grounding electrodes, each with ¾” diameter and 10 ft length, shall be used for grounding where needed. Where a ground rod is needed, a ground well set flush with the finished surface shall be provided as required by the City of Long Beach Building and Safety Department. Otherwise, the ground rod and the attached grounding conductor may be buried under the finished surface or terminated above the finished surface in accordance with the National Electrical Code. Where multiple ground rods are to be installed, rods shall be placed at least 15 ft from any adjacent rods.

The ground resistance shall be measured by employing the “fall-of-potential” method using the Biddle “Megger Earth Tester” with two electrodes. This method shall be required in the specifications. The specifications shall also require that any grounding system test reports include the soil temperature at the time the test was conducted. The specifications shall require the Contractor to provide a copy of the test reports certified by the testing technician and the Engineer’s representative authorized to witness the test.

7 References

1. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, 2007.

2. American Concrete Institute (ACI), Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete, ACI 318, 2005.

3. American Concrete Institute, “Design, Manufacture, and Installation of Concrete Piles,” ACI 543R-00, 2000.

4. American Concrete Institute, Guide for the Design and Construction of Fixed Offshore Concrete Structures, ACI- 357.

5. American Institute of Steel Constructions, Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges.

6. American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), Manual of Steel Construction, LRFD.

7. American Petroleum, Institute, “Recommended Practice for Planning, Designing and Constructing Fixed Offshore Platforms – Working Stress Design,” API Recommended Practice 2A-WSD (RP2-WSD), 21^st Edition, December 2000.

8. ANSI/AWS, D1.1, Structural Welding Code, Steel – 2006 Edition.

9. ANSI/AWS, D1.1, Structural Welding Code, Reinforcing Steel – 2005 Edition.

10. Applied Technology Council/Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, “Recommended LRFD Guidelines for the Seismic Design of Highway Bridges,” MCEER/ATC-49, Based on NCHRP 12-49, 2003.

11. ASCE 7-05, Standard, Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures.

12. Bell J., C. Blandon, and J. Restrepo, “Seismic Testing of Existing Full-Scale Pile to Deck Connections: Precast Prestressed and Steel Pile” Structural Systems Research Project, UCSD, January 2008.

13. Blake, T. F., R. A. Hollingsworth, and J. P. Stewart, J. P. (eds.), “Recommended Procedures for Implementation of DMG Special Publication 117, Guidelines for Analyzing and Mitigating Landslide Hazards in California,” Southern California Earthquake Center, University of Southern California, February 2002.

14. Blakely, J.P. and R. Park, “Prestressed Concrete Sections with Cyclic Flexure,”

Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, 1973.

15. Blandon, C. A., “Seismic Analysis and Design of Pile Supported Wharves,” Ph.

D. Dissertation, Rose School, Pavia, Italy, October 2007.

16. Boulanger, R. W. and I. M. Idriss, “Liquefaction Susceptibility Criteria for Silts and Clays,” ASCE: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering Vol. 132, No. 11. November 2006.

Version 2.0 7-2 1/30/2009 17. California Building Code (CBC) (2007), California Code of Regulations, Title 24,

January 2008.

18. California Building Code (2007) “Chapter 31F [For SLC], Marine Oil Terminals”, January 2008.

19. California Department of Transportation, “Seismic Design Criteria,” Version 1.2b, 2001.

20. Department of Defense (Navy), “Piers and Wharves,” UFC 4-152-01, July 2005.

21. Earth Mechanics, Inc., “Port-Wide Ground Motion Study, Port of Long Beach, California,” Prepared for the Port of Long Beach, August 2006.

22. Earth Mechanics, Inc., “Port-Wide Ground Motion Study, Port of Long Beach, California, Addendum to Final Report,” August, 2008.

23. Ferritto, J., Dickenson, S., Priestley N., Werner, S., Taylor, C., Burke D., Seelig W., and Kelly, S., “Seismic Criteria for California Marine Oil Terminals,” Vol.1 and Vol.2, Technical Report TR-2103-SHR, Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center, Port Hueneme, CA, July 1999.

24. FHWA, “Design and Construction of Driven Pile Foundations,” US Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Publication No. FHWANHI-05-042. April 2006.

25. Hart, E. W. and Bryant, W. A. "Fault Rupture Hazard Zones in California,"

California Geological Survey Special Publication SP 042, 1992. Revised 1997 (Supplements 1 and 2 Added 1999).

26. Idriss, I. M. and Boulanger, R. W., “Soil Liquefaction During Earthquakes,”

Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Monograph No. MNO-12, 2008.

27. International Navigation Association [PIANC], “Seismic Design Guidelines for Port Structures,” Working Group No. 34 of the Maritime Navigation Commission, A. A. Balkema Publishers: 2001.

28. International Navigation Association [PIANC], “Guidelines for the Design of Fender Systems: 2002”, Working Group No. 33 of the Maritime Navigation Commission.

29. Joen, P. and Park, R., “Flexural Strength and Ductility Analysis of Spirally Reinforced Prestressed Concrete Piles,” PCI Journal, July-August 1990.

30. Kawamata Y., C. Blandon, S. Ashford, and J. Restrepo, “Seismic Performance of Container Wharf Piles: Test Results”, Structural Systems Research Project, UCSD, June 2008.

31. Krier C., J. Restrepo, and C. Blandon, “Seismic Testing of Precast Prestressed Pile to Deck Connections”, Structural Systems Research Project, UCSD, January 2008.

32. Mander, J.P., Priestley, M.J.N, and Park, R., “Theoretical Stress-Strain Model for Confined Concrete,” ASCE: Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. 114, No. 8.

August 1988.

33. Manual for Railway Engineering, American Railway Engineering and Maintenance-of-Way Association (AREMA).

34. Martin, G.R., and Lew, M. (eds.), “Recommended Procedures for Implementation of DMG Special Publication 117, Guidelines for Analyzing and Mitigating Liquefaction Hazards in California,” Southern California Earthquake Center, University of Southern California, March 1999.

35. NAVFAC, “Foundation and Earth Structures,” Design Manual 7.02, Department of the Navy, Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Alexandria, VA. September 1986.

36. NAVFAC, “Soil Mechanics,” Design Manual 7.01, Department of the Navy, Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Alexandria, VA. September 1986.

37. Port of Los Angeles, “Draft Commentary to the Code for Seismic Design, Upgrade, and Repair of Container Wharves,” July 2004.

38. Prestressed Concrete Institute, “PCI Design Handbook, Precast and Prestressed Concrete”, 6^th Edition, January 2004.

39. Priestley, M.J.N., Seible, F., and Calvi, G.M., “Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges”, John Wiley & Sons, 1996.

40. Priestley, M.J.N., Calvi G.M., and Kowalski M.J.: Displacement-Based Seismic Design of Structures, IUSS Press, Pavia, ITALY, 2007.

41. Seed, R. B. et al., “Recent Advances in Soil Liquefaction Engineering: A Unified and Consistent Framework,” 26^th Annual ASCE Los Angeles Section, Spring Seminar, Long Beach, California, April 2003.

42. Takeda, T., Sozen, M., and Nielsen, N., “Reinforced Concrete Response to Simulated Earthquakes.” Journal of the Structural Division, Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 96, No. 12, December 1970.

43. Transportation Research Board, National Cooperative Highway Research Program, “Seismic Analysis and Design of Retaining Walls, Buried Structures, Slopes, and Embankments,” TRB Report 6111, NCHRP 12-70, 2008.

44. Youd, T.L. et al., “Liquefaction Resistance of Soils: Summary Report from the 1996 NCEER and 1998 NCEER/NSF Workshops on Evaluation of Liquefaction Resistance of Soils,” ASCE, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol. 127, No. 10. October 2001.