Research Objective Three

Research objective three hypothesizes the direct effect of perceived behavior control, subjective norm and religiosity towards attitude. The findings conclude that all three hypothesis are supported. This study confirms the significant role of perceived behavior control in influencing attitude (β=0.393 p=0.002). Attitude is equated with the attitudinal belief that affecting a particular form of behavior leads to a particular outcome (Shih and Fang, 2004). This means that the more consumers perceive that they have control over their behavior, the more likely they will have a positive attitude towards credit card payment. This result supports previous studies done in an Islamic credit card adoption (Jamshidi and Hussin ,2016), in internet banking (Bashir and Madhavaiah, 2015; Sharma and Gonindaluri, 2015), in hospitality industry (Naumann & A.Miles, 2011) and in association membership (Ki & Hon, 2011).

5.3.2.1 Perceived Behavior Control and Attitude

important before consumers can have a positive attitude on behavior. In addition, the researcher suggests that the ease in paying credit card has enabled credit card holders to have positive attitude in carrying out credit card payment.

Similarly, consumers are more likely to make credit card payment if they perceived convenience to perform credit card payment. Therefore, in order to continue having positive attitude in credit card payment and to prevent credit card default from occurring, credit card issuers not only should continue to upgrade their facilities to pay credit card but also should portray convenience to make credit card payment. An advertisement and information such as via brochure and pamphlet can be used to influence the consumers’ attitude. Hence, if only consumers are convinced it is convenience to make credit card payment might result in prompt payment from credit card holders.

Subjective norm in this study has shown a significant relation with attitude to credit card payment (β=0.400 p=0.042). This result is consistent with previous researches done on non-credit card such as in online shopping Hamari (2015) and Zendehdel & Paim (2015), in purchasing fake products (Riquelme, Abbas, & Rios, 2012) and in copying illegally software (Chang, 1998). Current study conclude, social influence on credit card customers plays an important role toward positive attitude in credit card payment. The fact that subjective norm has is significant relation with attitude indicates that social influence plays a vital role in determining one’s attitudes in credit card payment. The relation suggests the attitude formation, either favorable or not favorable toward the behavioral, is affected by how others consider the performance of the behavior. Subjective norm has an important influence on attitude of credit card

payment probably because those people around credit card users especially those whom they feel are important in their life play an important role in influencing credit card users’ attitude. Parents, peers and, colleagues may affect the ethical behavior of an individual within their circle of responsibility greatly. This is because the more respondents listen to their family members, friends, colleagues and other influencing people in their life talking about the positive attitude of paying credit card promptly, they would develop a positive attitude toward credit card payment. They interpret what they hear and develop a positive attitude toward credit card payment. Attitude creates belief and in the end, results in behavior.

Therefore, it is important to create a positive ethical atmosphere if we want to create ethical acts such as paying credit card on time among people in our circle of responsibility. Hence, in order to capitalize this significant influence of social factor credit card issuers might use public figures or icons in society to create awareness on benefit of paying credit card on time. This might include the effect of not paying credit card to the credit card holder as well as to another stakeholders. This awareness campaign can be broadcast on social media, for example, YouTube and Instagram because advertisement on social media is among the fastest growing medium in the cyber world.

5.3.2.2 Subjective Norm and Attitude

Subjective norm with attitude relation has also been posited as significant in a previous study on illegal copying of software (Chang, 1998). Likewise, previous study on unethical behavior confirms a significant relationship between subjective norms and

previous study by Mukhtar and Butt (2012) further emphasizes the role of Muslim societies in influencing attitudes. Their study shows subjective norm influences attitude in choosing Halal food in Muslim dominant state. Social factors and bond are still strong in Muslim dominant states.

In addition, in order not to fall into the credit card default trap, consumers should discipline themselves to use the credit card wisely. Besides paying on time, another social influence factors such as life style needs to be developed to hinder from not paying credit card. They should develop a lifestyle based on their necessity and only live within their mean. The importance of lifestyle in influencing behavior was confirmed in a study by Ahmed et. al. (2010) on credit card debt in which lifestyle was found to have a significant relation with attitude.

5.3.2.3 Religiosity and Attitude

This study conclude religiosity has a significant influence on attitude. Similarly, religiosity and attitude were proven to have a significant relationship in a number of previous studies. The findings of this study confirm earlier studies by Charsetad (2015) in blood donation behavior among undergraduate students in Iran. Similarly Abou- Youssef, Kortam, Abou-Aish, & El-Bassiouny (2015) did a study on banking. Religiosity positively influence the attitude to choose Islamic banking financing among bank consumers in Egypt. Likewise the significant relation is further confirmed by Mohamed, Karim and Hussein (2012) in a study on the relationship between religiosity and attitude toward computer ethics. In a more general attitude, Rahman, Asrarhaghigni and Rahman (2015) investigated the impact of religiosity on consumers’ attitude toward Halal cosmetic products. Their study concluded that there

was a significant relationship between religiosity and attitude in choosing Halal cosmetics. In addition, Farrag and Hassan (2015) examined the influence of religiosity on Egyptian Muslim youth’s attitude towards fashion and concluded that religiosity had a significant influence on attitude.

Similarly, this study suggests that those with high value in religion have different in terms of attitude towards credit card payment compared to those with no religion value. This indicates that those who have a high value in religion have positive attitude toward credit card payment differently compared to those who have a low value in religion. They are more likely to pay their credit card on time.

The researcher suggests that religiosity is significant in influencing attitude probably because respondents do perceive Islam as a complete way of life. Religiosity’s mean score was 5.499, which is agreed with taking part in religious activities. Religiosity is an important indication of attitude towards credit card default probably because the respondents do adhere to religiosity completely and as such religiosity does influence their attitude.

5.3.3 Research Objective Four