SIZE OF DRAIN CONNECTION (in)
Up to 2 ¾ or larger
2 ½ , 3 , or 3 ½ 1 ¼ or larger 4 or larger 2 only
SECTION 10.2.6.7 PORTABLE AND WHEELED FIRE EXTINGUISHERS A. The City/Municipal Fire Marshal having jurisdiction shall designate the type and number of fire extinguishers to be installed and maintained in all
buildings, structures and facilities, but shall not be less than the minimum requirements as outlined in this Section.
B. All buildings, structures and facilities shall be installed with portable fire extinguishers that are designed, installed and maintained in accordance with this Section. Fire extinguishers shall be installed even if the property is equipped with automatic sprinklers, standpipe and hose, or other fixed protection equipment.
C. Classification of Hazards
The classification of Hazard for purposes of application of this section shall be as follows:
1. Low Hazard
Light hazard occupancies are locations where the total amount of Class A combustible materials, including furnishings, decorations, and contents, is of minor quantity. This can include some buildings or rooms occupied as offices, classrooms, churches, assembly halls, guest room areas of hotels/motels, and so forth. This classification anticipates that majority of content items are either noncombustible or so arranged
that a fire is not likely to spread rapidly. Small amounts of class B flammables used for duplicating machines, art departments, and so forth, are included, provided that they are kept in closed containers and safely stored.
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2. Moderate Hazard
Ordinary hazard occupancies are locations where the total amount of Class A combustibles and Class B flammables are present in greater amounts than expected under light (low) hazard occupancies. These occupancies could consist of dining areas, mercantile shops, and allied storage; light manufacturing, research operations, auto showrooms, parking garages, workshop or support service areas of light (low) hazard occupancies; and warehouses containing Class I or Class II commodities as defined by NFPA 231, Standard for General Storage.
3. High Hazard
Extra hazard occupancies are locations where the total amount of Class A combustibles and Class B flammables present, in storage, production, use, finished product, or combination thereof, is over and above those expected in occupancies classed as ordinary
(moderate) hazard. These occupancies could consist of woodworking, vehicle repair, aircraft and boat servicing, cooking areas, individual product display showrooms, product convention center displays, and storage and manufacturing processes such as painting, dipping, and coating, including flammable liquid handling. Also included is
warehousing of or in-process storage of other than Class I and Class II commodities.
D. Classification, Ratings, and Performance of Fire Extinguishers 1. Portable fire extinguishers are classified for use on certain classes of fires and rated for relative extinguishing effectiveness as determined by the Bureau of Product Standard, DTI.
2. The classification are as follows
a. Class A: fires involving ordinary combustible solid materials b. Class B : fires in flammable and combustible liquid and gas c. Class C: fires involving energized electrical equipment d. Class D: fires involving combustible metal fires E. Fire Extinguisher General Requirements
1. The classification of fire extinguishers shall consist of a letter that indicates the class of fire on which a fire extinguisher has been found to be effective, preceded by a rating number (Class A and Class B only) that indicates the relative extinguishing effectiveness, except for 111
fire extinguishers classified for use on Class C, Class D hazards shall not be required to have a number preceding the classification letter.
2. Portable fire extinguishers shall be maintained in a fully charged and operable condition, and kept in their designated places at all times when they are not being used.
3. Fire extinguishers shall be conspicuously located where they will be readily accessible and immediately available in the event of fire.
Preferably they shall be located along normal paths of travel, including exits from areas.
4. The following types of fire extinguishers are considered obsolete and shall be removed from service:
a. soda acid
b. chemical foam (excluding film-forming agents) c. vaporizing liquid (e.g., carbon tetrachloride) d. cartridge-operated water
e. cartridge-operated loaded stream
f. copper or brass shell (excluding pump tanks) joined by soft solder or rivets
5. Cabinets housing fire extinguishers shall not be locked, except where
fire extinguishers are subject to malicious use, locked cabinets shall be permitted to be used, provided they include means of emergency access.
6. Fire extinguishers shall not be obstructed or obscured from view, except in large rooms, and in certain locations where visual
obstruction cannot be completely avoided, arrows, lights, signs, or coding of the wall are the acceptable means of identifying its location.
7. Portable fire extinguishers other than wheeled types shall be securely installed on the hanger or in the bracket supplied or placed in
cabinets or wall recesses. The hanger or bracket shall be securely and properly anchored to the mounting surface in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Wheeled-type fire extinguishers shall be located in a designated location. Portable fire extinguishers other than wheeled types shall be securely installed on the hanger or in the bracket supplied or placed in cabinets or wall recesses. The hanger or bracket shall be securely and properly anchored to the mounting 112
surface in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Wheeledtype fire extinguishers shall be located in a designated location.
8. Fire extinguishers installed under conditions where they are subject to physical damage, (e.g., from impact, vibration, the environment) shall be adequately protected.
9. Fire extinguishers having a gross weight not exceeding eighteen kilogram (18 kg) shall be installed so that the top of the fire extinguisher is not more than one and five-tenths meter (1.5 m) above the floor. Fire extinguishers having a gross weight greater than eighteen kilogram (18 kg), except wheeled types, shall be so installed that the top of the fire extinguisher is not more than one meter (1.0 m) above the floor. In no case shall the clearance between the bottom of the fire extinguisher and the floor be less than one hundred millimeters (100 mm).
10. Extinguisher operating instructions, original manufacturer’s labels, labels that specifically relate to the extinguisher’s operation or fire classification, or inventory control labels specific to that extinguisher shall be located on the front face of the extinguisher and be clearly visible, except the hazardous materials identification systems (HMIS) labels, six-year maintenance labels, hydrotest labels, or other labels.
11. Fire extinguishers mounted in cabinets or wall recesses shall be placed so that the fire extinguisher operating instructions face outward. The location of such fire extinguishers shall be marked conspicuously.
12. Where fire extinguishers are installed in closed cabinets that are exposed to elevated temperatures, the cabinets shall be provided with screened openings and drains. Vented fire extinguisher cabinets should utilize tinted glass and should be constructed to prevent the entrance of insects and the accumulation of water. Vented fire extinguisher cabinets constructed in this manner will lower the maximum internal temperature 5.6°C to 8.3°C.
13. Water-type (e.g., water, AFFF, FFFP) fire extinguishers shall not be installed in areas where the temperatures are outside the range of 40°f to 120°f (4°c to 49°c). All other types shall not be installed in areas where temperatures are outside the range of -40°f to 120°f (-40°c to 49°c). Fire extinguishers shall not be exposed to temperatures outside of the range shown on the fire extinguisher label, except: where it is installed in locations subject to temperatures outside these ranges, it shall be of a type approved and listed for the temperature to which it is exposed, or it shall be placed in an enclosure capable of
maintaining the stipulated temperature range.
14. The fire extinguisher owner or the owner’s agent shall be provided with an instruction manual that details condensed instructions and cautions 113
necessary to the installation, operation, inspection, and maintenance
of the fire extinguisher(s). The manual shall refer to this standard as a source of detailed instruction.
F. Selection of Fire Extinguishers 1. General Requirements
The selection of fire extinguishers for a given situation shall be determined by the character of the fires anticipated, the construction and occupancy of the individual property, the hazard to be
protected, ambient-temperature conditions, and other factors. The number, size, placement, and limitations of use of fire extinguishers required shall meet the requirements of para 2 hereof.
2. Selection by Hazard
a. Fire extinguishers shall be selected for the Classes of hazards to be protected.
i. Fire extinguishers for protecting Class A hazards shall be selected from the following:
i.a. Water type
i.b. Multipurpose dry chemical type i.c. Wet chemical type
ii. Fire extinguishers for protection of Class B hazard shall be selected from the following:
ii.a. Aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) ii.b. Film-forming fluoroprotein foam (FFFP) ii.c. Carbon dioxide
ii.d. Dry chemical type
iii. Fire extinguishers for protection of Class C hazard shall be selected from types that are specifically listed for use on Class C hazards.
iv. Fire extinguishers and extinguishing agents for the protection of Class D hazards shall be of types approved for use on the
specific combustible-metal hazard.
1143. Application for Specific Hazards
a. Selection of fire extinguishers for pressurized flammable liquids and pressurized gas fires type of hazard shall be made on the basis of
recommendations by manufacturers of this specialized equipment.
The system used to rate the effectiveness of fire extinguishers on Class B fires (flammable liquids in depth) is not applicable to these types of hazards. It has been determined that special nozzle design and rates of agent application are required to cope with such hazards.
b. Selection of fire extinguishers for fires involving Class B materials in motion (three – dimensional Class B fires) such as pouring, running, or dripping flammable liquids and generally includes vertical as
well as one or more horizontal surfaces shall be made on the basis of recommendations by manufacturers of this specialized
equipment.
c. Fire extinguishers for the protection of delicate electronic equipment shall be selected from either a carbon dioxide type or a halogenated agent type.
G. Distribution of Fire Extinguishers 1. General Requirements
a. Fire extinguishers shall be provided for the protection of both the building structure and the occupancy hazards contained therein.
b. Required building protection shall be provided by fire extinguishers suitable for Class A fires.
c. Occupancy hazard protection shall be provided by fire
extinguishers suitable for such Class A, B, C, D, fire potentials as might be present.
d. Fire extinguishers provided for building protection can be considered also for the protection of occupancies having a class a fire potential.
e. Buildings having an occupancy hazard subject to Class B or Class C fires, or both, shall have a standard complement of Class A fire extinguishers for building protection, plus additional Class B or Class A fire extinguishers, or both. Where fire extinguishers have more than one letter classification (such as 2-A:20-B:C), they can be considered to satisfy the requirements of each letter class.
115f. Rooms or areas shall be classified generally as light (low) hazard, ordinary (moderate) hazard, or extra (high) hazard. Limited areas of greater or lesser hazard shall be protected as required.
g. On each floor level, the area protected and the travel distances shall be based on fire extinguishers installed in accordance with Tables 1 and 2.
2. Size and Placement a. Class A Hazards
i. Fire extinguishers for the different types of hazards shall be provided on the basis of Table 9.
Table 9: FIRE EXTINGUISHERS FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF CLASS A HAZARDS TYPE OF
HAZARD