" R o s e and M i c h a e l " b e g a n w i t h the idea to portray urban society of t o d a y . In e a r l i e r s e r i e s such as " C o a t h a n g e r s on S t r i k e " and " L o v e r in the C l o s e t " , I took e v e n t s from society and i l l u s t r a t e d t h e m . In " R o s e and M i c h a e l " I took the e v e n t s of a year and a half of my l i f e , h e n c e the m o r e p e r s o n a l i m a g e s .
I h a v e o f f e r e d no a l t e r n a t i v e to the society in w h i c h I l i v e , I o f f e r e d only a f l e e t i n g g l i m p s e , a small m o l e c u l e of a s e c t i o n of s o c i e t y in w h i c h I l i v e . T h e r e are no a n s w e r s to the p r o b l e m s of the w o r l d , so long as t h e r e are p e o p l e there w i l l be p r o b l e m s . T h e r e is no s u c h thing as d e m o c r a c y , t h e r e is no such thing as c o m m u n i s m , t h e r e are only h u m a n f a u l t s and e m o t i o n a l i s s u e s . T h e r e is no such t h i n g as r i g h t or w r o n g . If there is then the e t c h i n g s h a v e no say e i t h e r w a y . W h a t I tried to a c h i e v e w a s a v i s u a l r e p r e s e n t a t i o n of past and p r e s e n t v a l u e s , t h e r e are no r u l e s , no m e a n i n g f u l a n s w e r s . W h a t right h a v e I to say that s o c i e t y is r i g h t or w r o n g w i t h the very s y m b o l s of that s o c i e t y ? A p o l i t i c a l p o s t e r s h o w s a b i a s t o w a r d s the a r t i s t ' s I d e a l s but is t h a t good a r t ? A p r o d u c t is p u b l i c i s e d on t e l e v i s i o n , d o e s that m a k e the p r o d u c t g o o d ?
If a p e r s o n sat c o n t i n u a l l y in a b a r e r o o m t h e r e is s t i l l t h o u g h t , T h o u g h t c a n n o t be s u p r e s s e d .
R O S E AND M I C H A E L
R i s i n g up every m o r n i n g just in time for b r e a k f a s t , a shower or a w a s h . O n e time it used to be an h o u r s w a i t but then there w a s t r a i n i n g . B a r e bread s l i g h t l y b u r n t on both sides washed d o w n w i t h a cup of t e a . M i c h a e l ' s m o t h e r called it " t o a s t " , C h r i s t c a l l e d it " h i s b o d y " , M i c h a e l called it "in the b e g i n n i n g " .
T h e h o u s e s h a v e no s e t t i n g s o u n d s . The t r e e s have b o r n e fruit to feed m a n y g e n e r a t i o n s . R o w s of m e t a l mail b o x e s stand erect as in s o m e m i l i t a r y roll c a l l . It's early S u n d a y m o r n i n g and the fog b e g i n s to l i f t . A paper boy r i d e s into a b l o c k , d i s t i n g u i s h e d only by a n a m e , to b r i n g n e w s of y e s t e r d a y . He p l a c e s p a p e r s in s e l e c t e d b o x e s , for they h a v e paid their d u e s . T h r e e h o u s e s d o w n the old lady w a i t s as she h a s d o n e in the p a s t . The boy g r e e t s h e r c a u t i o u s l y , for s t o r i e s at s c h o o l call her a w i t c h . T h e old l a d y ' s f a m i l y w i s h e s to p l a c e her in a r e t i r e m e n t v i l l a g e but she w i l l not l e a v e her only h o m e . E x c h a n g e of money p l u s a p e n s i o n - a l l o w e d tip g i v e s the boy and s o c i e t y reason to a c c e p t her .
P u s h i n g hard on the r i s e n p e d a l a c h i e v e s m o m e n t u m for a l i t t l e f u r t h e r on a s m a l l fox t e r r i e r a w a i t s in a m b u s h .
r i g h t s e a s o n . B e y o n d t h e g a r d e n grows " R o s e " , a w i l l o w t r e e s w a y i n g i n t h e b r e e z e , f l i c k e r i n g s h a d o w s o n t o t h e back n e i g h -b o u r s ' f e n c e s . The g r o w l of the f o x t e r r i e r f o l l o w e d -by the cry of t h e p a p e r boy put S u n d a y i n p e r s p e c t i v e .
F i v e h u n d r e d and f o r t y - f i v e s t e p s to the b u s s t o p . M i c h a e l w a i t s . Four m i n u t e s and t h i r t y - s i x f i v e . . . . f o u r s e c o n d s t i l l t h e " A c t i o n B u s " a r r i v e s . D r e s s e d i n h i s van dyke s u i t , n e c k t i e a d j u s t e d f o r t h e r i g h t amount of v e n t i l a t i o n , t h e m o r n i n g p a p e r u n d e r t h e l e f t a r m . I n h i s r i g h t hand an u m b r e l l a p o i s e s un-c o m f o r t a b l y a s a p r e un-c a u t i o n a r y m e a s u r e . Upon t h e b u s , M i un-c h a e l b r e e z e s t h r o u g h the p a p e r a s i f he was r e v i v i n g h i s memory of a l l the m o r a l s he had l e a r n t a t home and s c h o o l .
ONE DEAD I N CRASH
On Sunday morning at nine o'clock, a father of two died ai Wood Vbod Street after colliding with a lorry. The lorry driver....
" S p e e d K i l l s ? "
WAR IN M I D D L E EAST Rebel forces raided a hotel....
" M a k e Love Not W a r ? "
MAN SENTENCED TO DEATH Thcmas Felix today was convicted of murder of his wife and two children....
" T h o u S h a l t Not K i l l ? "
ffiATH NOnCES M r S J o n e s , f a t h e r o f M r T J o n e s o f S a m u e l C r e s . , A i n s l l e , d i e d o n T u e s d a y o f c a n c e r . F r n a t W e e t C C 9 . 0 0 , "Snnddng Caused Cancer?"
M i c h a e l f l o w s o u t o f t h e b u s t u m b l i n g h i s h a n d s o v e r o n e a n o t h e r t o a d j u s t t o t h e o u t s i d e a t m o s p h e r e . S t e p s f o r w a r d I n t o a s e a o f c o l l a r e d s h i r t s , n e c k t i e s a n d p e r m a n e n t p r e s s e d t r o u s e r s w h i c h r e c e d e l i k e a t i d e i n t o t h e C e n t r a l B u s i n e s s D i s t r i c t .
It w a s in a d r e a m that M i c h a e l d e c i d e d to m a r r y R o s e . He w o u l d m a r r y and build a h o u s e a r o u n d h e r . A f t e r e a r n i n g the h o n e s t w a g e he w o u l d r e t u r n and be s u r r o u n d e d in t r a n q u i l i t y by h i s p i e c e of c a p t u r e d p a s t . He w o u l d h a v e all the c o m f o r t s of the m e c h a n i s e d world w i t h the e s c a p e to n a t u r e r i g h t in h i s own h o m e . T h e h a z e t h i c k e n e d and from it c a m e N y t h o .
N y t h o had been R o s e ' s f r i e n d from the t i m e that M i c h a e l had e n t e r e d h i s a d u l t l i f e . As M i c h a e l w a s c r e a t i n g h i s d r e a m h o u s e a r o u n d R o s e , N y t h o w a s p u l l i n g it down w i t h e q u a l e f f i c i e n c y . T h r o u g h M i c h a e l ' s e y e s N y t h o a p p e a r e d in the i m a g e of a seal
and from his i n t r o d u c t i o n , N y t h o i n d u l g e d in the t e l l i n g of s t o r i e s and a d v e n t u r e s in w h i c h he had p a r t a k e n .
" P i c t u r e a h e a l t h y m i d d l e aged m a n " s t a r t e d N y t h o , " m a r r i e d and w i t h two c h i l d r e n . "
M i c h a e l did not find t h i s hard b e c a u s e h i s n e i g h b o u r , Mr P a r k e r , w a s m i d d l e a g e d , married and had two b o y s , J o s e p h and L e o n . "One d a y , " N y t h o c o n t i n u e d a f t e r a p a u s e to see if M i c h a e l w a s paying a t t e n t i o n , " t h i s m a n cut the i n s i d e s of h i s m o u t h upon w h i c h he b e g a n to c h e w He s t a r t e d to c h e w and d i s t o r t
h i s m o u t h to a c h i e v e the best p o s s i b l e b i t e . A c h i n g in the m o u t h , r e l a x a t i o n w a s found by b i t i n g on the e n d s of h i s t o n g u e . He c o n t i n u e d to b i t e h i s n a i l s and n i b b l e on the e n d s of h i s f i n g e r s . At t i m e s he w o u l d d e l i b e r a t e l y cut h i m s e l f and feed off the
As t i m e w e n t on m a c h i n e r y n o i s e s from the g a r a g e resulted in the r e m o v a l of h i s f o o t . S h o r t l y after he had to cut off his other foot to r e s t o r e e q u i l i b r i u m . As the need c o n t i n u e d , his legs b e g a n to get s h o r t e r . O n c e he passed h i s w a i s t his w i f e left him and a p p l i e d for a d i v o r c e , and c u s t o d y of the c h i l d r e n . ( M a y b e she t h o u g h t that they w e r e next on the m e n u . ) T h i s did not d e t e r the m a n w h o by now had his f i n g e r s turned into b u d s and h i s n o s e and e a r s w e r e m i s s i n g .
D o c t o r s from all over the w o r l d r o s e to his need and created all t y p e s of d e v i c e s to k e e p him a l i v e . They pleaded w i t h h i m to stop e a t i n g h i m s e l f , for life is sacred and the body is a t e m p l e of G o d . T h i s did not stop h i m . He started to chew on his a r m s and t o r s o . "
N y t h o c o u g h e d and picked h i s t e e t h for a s h o r t w h i l e b e f o r e c o n -t i n u i n g , " W h e n I saw him las-t he w a s n o -t h i n g bu-t a m o u -t h c h e w i n g on h i s i n s i d e s . T h e n two d a y s later I heard he had d i e d . It w a s s o m e t e c h n i c a l p r o b l e m , a b o u t the w i r e s that kept him a l i v e got t a n g l e d a r o u n d h i s t o n g u e . He w a s c o n f i r m e d dead by c h o k i n g . "
S t r a n g e , t h o u g h t M i c h a e l , he saw Mr P a r k e r ' s w i f e l e a v e last w e e k and he had not seen him s i n c e he w a s w o r k i n g in the g a r a g e .
or T h o u S h a l t not c o m m i t a d u l t e r y u n l e s s . . . . M i c h a e l ' s mind ran over s e v e r a l p o s s i b i l i t i e s and s e t t l e d for them a l l .
S i t t i n g c o m f o r t a b l y by h i s cup of c o f f e e and s w i m m i n g h i s s p o o n till the l i q u i d r o s e to the l i p , M i c h a e l p o n d e r e d o v e r h i s M u r r a y C o d . It had b e e n h i s f i r s t m e a l in two d a y s . It took h o u r s of p r e p a r a t i o n and p a t i e n c e to c a t c h a f i s h . Up early in the m o r n -ing and out g e t t i n g b a i t . W a l k i n g for m i l e s , f o l l o w i n g a r i v e r , to find a s u i t a b l e f a l l e n b r a n c h or r o t t i n g trunk to collect wood grubs; h i n d e r e d by b l a c k b e r r y b u s h e s and s t i n g i n g n e t t l e s on the.journey to and f r o m ; h i n d e r e d by f u n n e l w e b s and c e n t i p e d e s as you i n v a d e their h o m e s and t h e i r food s u p p l y . A f t e r l a b o u r i n g for h o u r s t h e r e w a s the r e t u r n h o m e to p r e p a r e the f i s h i n g l i n e s . O n c e r e a d y , you w o u l d t a k e on the e l e m e n t s and t r a v e l to find a s u i t -a b l e r i v e r in w h i c h to f i s h , only to w -a i t p -a t i e n t l y for the prey to take the l u r e .
O n c e i n t h e c h a n n e l t h e f i s h e r m a n n o t i c e s a b r a n c h of t h e w a t t l e b e n d i n g t o w a r d s t h e r i v e r , t h e l i n e t i e d t o i t i s t e n s e , d i s -a p p e -a r i n g s t r -a i g h t i n t o t h e d e e p w -a t e r s . A l l t h e s i g n s s h o w t h -a t s o m e t h i n g h a s t a k e n t h e b a i t ; t h e f i s h e r m a n q u i c k e n s h i s p a c e . U p o n a r r i v a l a s m a l l t u g o n t h e l i n e s u g g e s t s a s n a g , a n o t h e r s l i g h t p u l l p r o d u c e s m o v e m e n t i n t h e w a t e r s b e l o w . K n o w i n g t h a t h i s c a t c h h a s w r a p p e d i t s e l f a r o u n d a l o g o r o t h e r f l o o d d e b r i , t h e f i s h e r m a n p r e p a r e s f o r a s w i m . H e r e m o v e s h i s s h o e s a n d s o c k s , s h i r t a n d j e a n s , a v o i d s t h e s t i n g i n g n e t t l e s a n d t e s t s t h e w a t e r . I t ' s t h e m i d d l e o f s u m m e r a n d t h e t o p o f t h e w a t e r i s w a r m , b u t t h e h o l e s r u n d e e p a n d a n i c y c h i l l g r i p s a s h e s t e p s i n t o t h e w a t e r . U s i n g t h e l i n e a s a g u i d e h e f o l l o w s i t d o w n to w h e r e h i s p r e y i s t r a p p e d i u n w r a p s t h e l i n e a n d r e t u r n s t o t h e s u r f a c e f o r a i r . H e k n e w n o w t h a t h i s f i s h h a d t u r n e d i n t o a t u r t l e ( h e c o u l d f e e l i t s s h a p e u n d e r t h e w a t e r ) . H e r e t u r n s to t h e b a n k a n d r e t r i e v e s h i s d i s a p p o i n t m e n t w h i c h i s q u i c k l y e x t e r m i n a t e d , t u r t l e s h a v e b e c o m e p e s t s i n t h e s e r i v e r s . H e d o e s n o t c h e c k t h e r e s t o f t h e l i n e s , i n s t e a d t h e f i s h e r m a n r e t u r n s t o h i s f a v o u r i t e s p o t a n d l i g h t s a f i r e t o d r y - o u t a n d d r i v e a w a y t h e m o s q u i t o e s . T h e s u n i s s e t t i n g .
c h e c k s o m e of the c l o s e r l i n e s but is f o r c e d back by a c o u n t e r -a t t -a c k , -a v i c t o r y to the m o s q u i t o e s . At c-amp t h e r e -a p p e -a r s to be a b r e a k in the n e g l e c t e d d e f e n c e s as the f i s h e r m a n r i s e s from a p a t c h of s t i n g i n g n e t t l e s . Now the v o i c e s of the p i n e s are joined by a c h o r u s of n i g h t l i f e . It is time for the f i s h e r -m a n to r e t u r n for h i s daily d o s e of s o c i e t y , a s o c i e t y w h i c h c r e a t e s d e p e n d a n t s . T h e f i s h i n g l i n e s w i l l be left till m o r n i n g as a r e m i n d e r . The f i s h e r m a n r e c a l l s the p a s t , t h e r e w e r e t i m e s when he w a s w a l k i n g to the car w i t h s e v e r a l fish h a n g i n g from a b r a n c h over his s h o u l d e r . T o n i g h t , n a t u r e had w o n , he would l e a v e it to f i g h t a m o n g s t i t s e l f . L i k e a d i a b e t i c s u f f e r e r , he c o l l e c t e d h i s bag and the m o s q u i t o e s c a r r i e d him back to s u b u r b i a .
F i s h i n g down the c o a s t M i c h a e l r e c a l l e d that even he was a b l e to m a k e a c a t c h . It h a p p e n e d on the second b r i d g e over the same r i v e r . The w a t e r w a s still salty t h o u g h it had rained all that w e e k . The l u d e r i c k began biting on the turn of the t i d e . The m o s q u i t o e s started biting b e f o r e the sun a p p e a r e d . On the second fish a seal w h i p p e d a c r o s s the w a t e r c r e a t i n g r i p p l e s of t e r r o r , in M i c h a e l . From that m o m e n t not a n o t h e r fish w a s c a u g h t . T h i n k -ing a b o u t it r e m i n d e d M i c h a e l of N y t h o . He blamed N y t h o for h i s t e r r o r , and for the fact that he never c a u g h t a fish s i n c e .
L o o k i n g down he noticed that his m e a l of fish had been e a t e n . Not r e m e m b e r i n g in p a r t a k i n g the meal he blamed N y t h o for his loss.. He turned his eyes to Rose and strained his ears as the voices b l e w t h r o u g h
By the m o r n i n g t h i n g s w e r e back to n o r m a l , M i c h a e l lifted his body from h i s b e d , l e a v i n g r e m i n d e r s of how he had slept. Auto-m a t i c a l l y he dressed for w o r k and prepared a b r e a k f a s t which he did not e a t . He left his h o u s e , f a i l i n g to notice that his d e c o r a t i v e b i r d s w e r e d e c a y i n g . G r a b b e d a carrot and a banana c a k e from the h e a l t h shop and counted four hundred steps to the b u s s t o p . M i c h a e l did not n o t i c e that the bus was running on the S a t u r d a y T i m e t a b l e . The only t h o u g h t w h i c h passed .his mind w a s o n c e a g a i n he w o u l d be w o r k i n g . At least at work he could numb h i s mind to the r e a l i t y of the o u t s i d e w o r l d . By the time he r e a c h e d the o f f i c e d o o r , n o t i c i n g that it w a s l o c k e d , he r e a l i s e d t h a t it m u s t be S a t u r d a y .
P H O T O G R A P H I C E T C H I N G ( S u m m a r y )
T h e p r o c e s s of all the w o r k is m a i n l y based around p h o t o g r a p h i c e t c h i n g . T h i s p r o c e s s is the t r a n s f e r of a p h o t o g r a p h i c i m a g e , t h r o u g h the m e a n s of lith f i l m , to an e m u l s i f i e d m e t a l p l a t e . (The p l a t e s used in t h i s s e r i e s are z i n c . ) The lith film is c o n t a c t p r i n t e d and e x p o s e d onto p l a t e s w i t h an U l t r a - V i o l e t l i g h t . T h e l i t h film is in the p o s i t i v e f o r m , e x p o s u r e w a s for Brain on a 1200V m a c h i n e . T h e zinc p l a t e , after e x p o s u r e , is d e v e l o p e d in a M i t z i c h e d e v e l o p e r at the t e m p e r a t u r e at 37°C. Anything h i g h e r than 4 0 ° C can r e s u l t in o v e r d e v e l o p i n g , a n y t h i n g l o w e r t h a n 3 5 ° C r e s u l t s in u n d e r d e v e l o p i n g . Both of these e r r o r s r e s u l t s in l o s s of d e t a i l . The d e v e l o p e r r e m o v e s e m u l s i o n w h i c h w a s not e x p o s e d to the U l t r a - V i o l e t l i g h t , the e m u l s i o n exposed is h a r d e n e d t h r o u g h c h e m i c a l c h a n g e .
W h e r e the e m u l s i o n h a s been r e m o v e d lies naked plate w h i c h is ready for e t c h i n g . T h e a r e a s of e m u l s i o n on the p l a t e are still s e n s i t i v e to s c r a t c h e s so care m u s t be t a k e n .
A r e a s of n a k e d p l a t e w h i c h are q u i t e l a r g e can be a q u a t i n t e d to
a c h i e v e the d e s i r a b l e b l a c k .
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V a r i o u s p h o t o g r a p h s w e r e t a k e n f r o m a r o u n d C a n b e r r a , in s o m e
c a s e s a s t u d i o s e t t i n g . T h e n e g a t i v e s w e r e p l a c e d in a n e n l a r g e r ,
i n c r e a s e d to d e s i r a b l e s i z e a n d e x p o s e d d i r e c t l y o n t o t h e l i t h
f i l m . T h i s p r o d u c e d a p o s i t i v e i m a g e . F o r m y 3 5 m m s h o t s I u s e d
I l f o r d F P 4 or H P 5 , b l a c k a n d w h i t e f i l m , d e v e l o p e d u s u a l l y in
I D - i l . T h e l i t h f i l m u s e d i s K o d a l i t h a n d d e v e l o p e d in t h e A
a n d B s t o c k s .
M o s t of t h e e a r l y i m a g e s w e r e a q u a t i n t e d h e a v i l y , p r o d u c i n g e x
-t r e m e d a r k s . S l o w l y , -t h r o u g h o u -t -t h e s e r i e s -t h e d a r k s d i m i n i s h
a n d l i g h t e r a n d c l e a r e r i m a g e s a p p e a r .
T h e n e x t d e v e l o p m e n t w a s t h e p r o g r e s s i o n i n t o p h o t o - c o l l a g e . T h e
i m a g e s w e r e e x p o s e d o n t o l i t h f i l m a n d t h e n c u t o u t a n d p l a c e d
on t h e p l a t e or t h e i m a g e s w e r e b l o c k e d o u t a n d t w o d i f f e r e n t
e x p o s u r e s w e r e u s e d . T h e j u x t a p o s i t i o n of t h e s e i m a g e s g a v e t h e
s u r r e a l e f f e c t . T h e f i n a l s e c t i o n of w o r k w a s t h e d e v e l o p m e n t
i n t o d r a w i n g . T h e o b v i o u s w a y of d o i n g t h i s w a s u s i n g s o f t
g r o u n d , h a r d g r o u n d a n d d r y p o i n t . T h e s e t e c h n i q u e s w e r e u s e d
in t h e b e g i n n i n g . T h e n t h e n e x t d e v e l o p m e n t w a s t h e u s e of a
p i e c e of c l e a r e d l i t h f i l m w h i c h w a s d r y p o i n t e d w i t h a s h a r p
i m p l e m e n t . T h e l i t h f i l m w a s t h e n u s e d a s an e t c h i n g p l a t e a n d
i n k e d up a n d w i p e d o v e r w i t h a r a g . T h i s g a v e a p o s i t i v e i m a g e
on t h e f i l m b a s e . T h e i m a g e w a s t h e n e x p o s e d o n t o a p h o t o s e n s i
4 B a n d 2 B p e n c i l s a n d e i t h e r p h o t o g r a p h e d o n t o a 35ram n e g a t i v e a n d e x p o s e d t h r o u g h t h e c o p y - p r o o f m a c h i n e , g i v i n g a n e g a t i v e a n d t h e n c o n t a c t p r i n t e d t o a p o s i t i v e a n d e x p o s e d o n t o t h e e t c h i n g p l a t e . O t h e r p r o c e s s e s u s e d t h r o u g h t h e s e r i e s w e r e S a n d -w i c h e d I m a g e s , M o n t a g e , M u l t l p u l p r i n t i n g , S o l a r l z a t i o n , M i x e d M e d i a a n d E m u l s i o n m a n i p u l a t i o n s .
T h e u s e o f c o l o u r i n t h e s e r i e s w a s a p p l i e d b y u s i n g s e p a r a t e c o l o u r p l a t e s , s t e n c i l s o r r o l l u p s .
S c r e e n s
T h e s e r i e s b e g a n w i t h t h e u s e of m e c h a n i c a l s c r e e n s , v a r i o u s s i z e s i n d o t s c r e e n s a n d m e z z o t i n t s c r e e n . T h e n e x t s t e p w a s t h e u s e o f d i f f e r e n t g a u z e s a n d f l y m e s h . I u s e d v a r i o u s t y p e s o f t i s s u e p a p e r ( c o n t a c t p r i n t e d t h r o u g h t h e 3 5 m m n e g a t i v e ) a n d m u s l i n ( a n d o t h e r c l o t h ) . T h e e x p e r i m e n t s i n p h o t o g r a p h l c a l e m u l -s i o n g a v e w a y t o t h e u -s e o f g e l a t i n a -s a -s c r e e n by u -s i n g v a r i o u -s d y e s t o c l e a r g e l a t i n s . T h e d y e d g e l a t i n g a v e t h e e f f e c t o f a c o a r s e a q u a t i n t .
f ' l l l l l Z S I I ' • • • s a a a i a S
e
r
f
C o l o u r
T h e u s e of c o l o u r in t h e s e r i e s w a s a p p l i e d b y u s i n g s e p a r a t e
c o l o u r p l a t e s , s t e n c i l s a n d r o l l u p s . F i n e s a n d p a p e r w a s u s e d
f o r t h e s t e n c i l s , w h i c h w a s r o l l e d u p w i t h s e p a r a t e c o l o u r s a n d
p r i n t e d o n t h e i n k e d - u p p l a t e . In t h e r o l l u p s t h e c o l o u r w a s
p r i n t e d on n a t u r a l o b j e c t s s u c h a s w i l l o w l e a v e s a n d b a r k , a l s o
b e i n g p l a c e d s t r a i g h t on t h e i n k .
P h o t o g r a p h i c e m u l s i o n on e t c h i n g p l a t e s
T h i s m e t h o d of p h o t o g r a p h i c e t c h i n g h a s n o t b e e n s u c c e s s f u l y
c o m p l e t e d . T h e r e s u l t s of t h e e x p e r i m e n t s p r o d u c e d i n t e r e s t i n g
a n d e x c i t i n g i m a g e s , b u t t h e m e t h o d of p r o d u c i n g t h e s e i m a g e s h a s
n o t b e e n c o n t r o l l e d . B e l o w i s a b r i e f s u m m a r y of t h e t e c h n i q u e
u s e d to p r o d u c e t h e s e i m a g e s .
1 . P r e p a r a t i o n of p l a t e .
Z i n c p l a t e s w e r e u s e d f o r a l l t h e e x p e r i m e n t s . F r o m t h e m a n u
-f a c t u r e r t h e p l a t e s a r e s m o o t h a n d h a v e n o g r i p -f o r t h e e m u l s i o n .
T o p r o d u c e a d e q u a t e g r i p t h e p l a t e w a s t r e a t e d in s e v e r a l w a y s .
1 . p l a c i n g it i n t o a c i d b a t h
2 . s a n d i n g
3 . r u b b i n g w i t h c h a r c o a l
4 . a q u a t i n t i n g
T h e E m u l s i o n
T h e e m u l s i o n w a s used in a v a r i e t y of d i f f e r e n t c h e m i c a l m i x -t u r e s . T h e c h e m i c a l s used w e r e ; p o -t a s s i u m d i c h r o m a -t e , g e l a -t i n and gum a r a b i c . T h e f i r s t step w a s to p r e p a r e the g e l a t i n at a t e m p e r a t u r e of 4 3 - 4 4 ° C ( g e l a t i n is used as a b a s e and g r i p p i n g a g e n t ) , and a l l o w e d to soak for t w e n t y m i n u t e s . N e x t a s o l u t i o n of p o t a s s i u m d i c h r o m a t e is p r e p a r e d at s a t u r a t i o n f o r m . The gum a r a b i c a l s o is p r e p a r e d at s a t u r a t i o n f o r m . T h e s e t h r e e s o l u t i o n s a r e m i x e d t o g e t h e r k e e p i n g the t e m p e r a t u r e a b o v e 4 0 ° C but not over 5 5 ° C . T h i s s o l u t i o n is then a d d e d to the p r e p a r e d p l a t e and l e f t to dry for a b o u t four h o u r s or u n t i l it is dry to t o u c h . T h e p o t a s s i u m d i c h r o m a t e s o l u t i o n s h o u l d be m i x e d u n d e r a safe l i g h t and d r i e d in the d a r k .
E x p o s u r e
T h e e x p o s u r e is a c h i e v e d t h r o u g h c o n t a c t p r i n t i n g a n e g a t i v e i m a g e . T h e e m u l s i o n is s e n s i t i v e to u l t r a - v i o l e t r a y s and can be e x p o s e d in t h e s u n , u n d e r f l u o r e s c e n t l i n e s or w i t h u l t r a -v i o l e t l a m p . T h e t i m e of the e x p o s u r e d e p e n d s on the s t r e n g t h of the l i g h t ; for the sun t w e n t y to t h i r t y m i n u t e s on a good d a y ; f l u o r e s c e n t l i g h t s f i f t e e n m i n u t e s ; u l t r a - v i o l e t lamp five m i n u t e s . T h e l o n g e r the e x p o s u r e to l i g h t s o u r c e the h a r d e r the e m u l s i o n b e c o m e s .
D e v e l o p m e n t
The acid r e s i s t a n t c o a t i n g
T h e d e v e l o p e d p l a t e now has a c o a t i n g of g e l a t i n on the e x p o s e d a r e a s and naked p l a t e on the u n e x p o s e d a r e a s . T h e n e x t step is to t r e a t the p l a t e w i t h an acid r e s i s t a n t c o a t i n g . For t h i s I used b i t u m e n and r o l l e d it o n t o the p l a t e . T h i s m e t h o d is s i m i l a r to the l i t h o g r a p h i c roll up. T h e b i t u m e n is t h i n n e d w i t h t u r p s and t h i c k e n e d w i t h t a l c . The b i t u m e n w i l l a d h e r e to the naked p l a t e . F i n a l l y the e m u l s i o n is r e m o v e d in a hot w a t e r b a t h . T h e p l a t e is ready for e t c h i n g .
P r o b l e m s
P h o t o g r a p h i c E m u l s i o n on P a p e r
T h e s e e x p e r i m e n t s w e r e a l s o not a t o t a l s u c c e s s . T h o u g h i m a g e s w e r e p r o d u c e d , the c o n t r o l o v e r the p r o c e s s w a s not s u f f i c i e n t . T h o u g h not s u c c e s s f u l , the e x p e r i m e n t g a v e me a better u n d e r s t a n d -ing of t h e p h o t o g r a p h i c p r o c e s s . In the e x p e r i m e n t two m e t h o d s w e r e u s e d , one w i t h the p o t a s s i u m d i c h r o m a t e s o l u t i o n and one w i t h a s i l v e r n i t r a t e s o l u t i o n .
P o t a s s i u m d i c h r o m a t e e m u l s i o n
T h i s e m u l s i o n is based on the s a m e p r o c e s s as the zinc p l a t e e m u l s i o n . F i r s t the g e l a t i n b a s e is p r e p a r e d at 4 3 ° C - 4 4 ° C . T h e p o t a s s i u m d i c h r o m a t e s o l u t i o n is p r e p a r e d at near s a t u r a t i o n . T h e two s o l u t i o n s are m i x e d t o g e t h e r and a c o l o u r e d g o u a c h e is a d d e d . T h i s is p l a c e d o n t o the p a p e r and d r i e d . T h e i m a g e is t h e n c o n t a c t p r i n t e d o n t o the p a p e r w i t h the use of a u l t r a -v i o l e t l i g h t . D e -v e l o p i n g t a k e s p l a c e in a tub of w a r m w a t e r . T h i s is c h a n g e d ever 15 to 20 m i n u t e s for one h o u r .
S i l v e r n i t r a t e e m u l s i o n
S o l u t i o n A. c o m b i n e 2 5 g r a m s of s i l v e r n i t r a t e w i t h 200ml of d i s t i l l e d w a t e r ( u n d e r safe l i g h t s ) .
S o l u t i o n B . 5 g r a m s of g e l a t i n d i s s o l v e d in 1 9 0 m l s of d i s t i l l e d w a t e r , left to s w e l l .
S o l u t i o n C . I S g r a m s of p o t a s s i u m d i c h r o m a t e added to g e l a t i n a f t e r s w o l l e n .
L a y o u t of P r i n t s
1 . B r e a k f a s t
( a ) S l i c e d T o a s t
( b ) M a n u f a c t u r e d M i c h a e l ( c ) S l i c e d T o a s t e r
p h o t o g r a p h s from 3 5 m m n e g a t i v e s
2. M i c h a e l
( a ) P u b l i c S e r v a n t
( b ) N a t u r e (an e c o - s y s t e m ) ( c ) C a p t u r e d
( d ) P u b l i c S e r v a n t U t o p i a ( e ) D e n i a l
( f ) C r e a t i o n of God
p h o t o g r a p h i c e t c h i n g from 35mm n e g a t i v e s , p h o t o -g r a p h i c c o l l a -g e d r a w i n g on p l a t e s , soft g r o u n d .
3. M e e t i n g ( a ) R e j e c t i o n ( b ) B o i l i n g P o i n t ( c ) A c c e p t a n c e
p h o t o g r a p h i c c o l l a g d r a w i n g on lith film
4. M a r r i a g e ( a ) C h r i s t ( b ) M a r r i a g e
( c ) M i c h a e l ' s r e t u r n
p h o t o g r a p h i c c o l l a g s t e n c i l s
5. A d v e n t u r e s of N y t h o ( a ) C h e s s ( l i f e ) g a m e ( b ) The B l a c k F o r e s t (c) In D e a t h
6. F i s h e r m a n ( a ) P a t i e n c e ( b ) M e m o r i e s ( c ) L u n c h I ( d ) L u n c h II ( e ) N y t h o ' s L i e ( f ) P e r s i s t a n c e
p h o t o g r a p h i c e t c h i n g from 35mm n e g a t i v e s d r a w i n g onto p l a t e s
7. S u b u r b i a ( a ) H y d r o ( b ) E l e c t r i c a l ( c ) P o w e r
p h o t o c o l l a g e s i l k s c r e e n on p l a t e
8 . D i n n e r
( a ) I n d u s t r i a l E v o l u t i o n ( b ) F u t u r e H a l l
