Structure, volcanic setting, hydrothermal alteration and genesis of the Thalanga massive sulphide deposit

STRUCTURE, VOLCANIC SETTING, HYDROTHERMAL

ALTERATION AND GENESIS OF THE THALANGA MASSIVE

SULPHIDE DEPOSIT •

Anthea P. Hill

B.Sc. (Hons), The University of Western Australia

VOLUME II: Appendices & Maps

Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of

Doctor of Philosophy

TABLE OF CONTENTS

VOLUME II

Page

APPENDICES

Appendix A: Summaries of selected diamond drill hole logs

Al

Appendix B: Representative electron microprobe silicate mineral analyses A2

Table B-1: Representative biotite analyses as determined by microprobe A2

Table B-2: Representative chlorite analyses as determined by microprobe A4

Table B-3: Representative muscovite analyses as determined by microprobe A8

Table B-4: Representative garnet analyses as determined by microprobe A9

Table B-5: Representative feldspar analyses as determined by microprobe A10

Table B-6: Representative carbonate analyses as determined by microprobe Al2

Table B-7: Representative tremolite analyses as determined by microprobe A14

Table B-8: Composition of talc from the CTC units at the Thalanga deposit A16

Appendix C: Temperature and pressure calculation

A17

Appendix D: Origin of blue colour in quartz

Al8

Appendix E Point counting of QFP and QEV

A19

Appendix F: Whole-rock analyses

A20

F-1:Analytical techniques (whole-rock geochemistry)

A20

F-2:Source of errors in analyses and comparison of results from Australian Laboratory

Services Pty Ltd and the University of Tasmania

A21

Table F-3: Whole-rock geochemistry of the main volcanic units, intrusions and various

alteration types

A24

Appendix G: Representative electron microprobe sulphide mineral analyses A33

Table G-1: Representative sphalerite analyses as determined by electron microprobe A33

Table G-2: Representative galena analyses as determined by electron microprobe A36

Table G-3: Electron microprobe analyses of arsenopyrite from West Thalanga A37

Table G-4: Composition of tetrahedrite from Central Thalanga

A38

Appendix H: Zn ratios and Zn-Pb contents of main rock types within the

ore

horizon in West,

Central and East Thalanga

A39

Appendix I: Metal zonation contours from 20 290 mE (West Thalanga) and 20 390 mE (Central

Thalanga)

A45

Appendix J: Sulphur isotope data from sulphides and sulphates at Thalanga AM

Appendix K: Cathodoluntinescence

A59

Appendix L: Mg-number of chlorite and co-existing calcite and dolomite in the carbonate-

chlorite-tremolite assemblages at Thalanga

A61

Appendix M: Carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of carbonates from Thalanga A62

LIST OF MAPS

M1 (a,b) Fact Map of the Thalanga Range.

map pocket

(c,d) Interpretative Geology of the Thalanga Range.

map

pocket

M2 Fact map of the geology of the open pit in Central Thalanga.

map pocket

M3 Map of the 910 Stope in Central Thalanga, based on mapping during this project and

mapping by Penarroya.

M4 Interpretation map of 950 mRL in Central Thalanga.

map pocket

M5 Map of the western limit of the W780W Stope in West Thalanga.

M6 Map of the W747 Stope in West Thalanga.

1■

17

Map of the W722 Stope in West Thalanga.

M8 Map of the part of the W702 Stope in West Thalanga.

M9 Map of the W690 Stope in West Thalanga.

M10 Map of part of the W675 Stope in West Thalanga.

mu

Map of the E779 Stope in East Thalanga.

M12 Map of the E765 Stope in East Thalanga.

Appendix A: Summaries of selected diamond drill hole logs.

TH15

TH54

TH239

TH243

TH243A

TH245

TH249

TH255

TH257

TH267

TH269

TH270

TH284

TH293

TH304

TH325

TH326

TH329

TH338

TH339

TH345

TH357

TH382A

W2007ND10

W2011N D29

2011 N 1 35

W2027N D51

W2031ND24

W2031 N126

C2039NI25

E3198SDO6

E3198SD46

E3204SDO4

E3204SD17

E3204SD40

E3204SEHOO

E3204SI52

E3204SI13

E3212SDO3

E3212SD30

E3212SI18

E3212SI37

E3216SI12

E3216SI32

29

210

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Date:

Depth Structure

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1

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Date:

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(m)

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(mm)

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Hole No: TH2.43

Date:

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(m)

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Description

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Location:

Co-ordinates:

Hole No: "TH143A (covrt id

Date:

Depth

(m)

Structure

Grainsize

•

o-o

2

si 6 :1

I I I

Description

Alteration

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.10( 2.t,i-Y40.- (v.siii.c.70.)

- iz-

_{" c-Ic1='1".°'315aA f:r.=-Ltw,tvc.-,22y0--,.\- -,4,1.y.?-..4"j--"..}

I" ,{,Z, v '• Cl•-, 7.:.c.-e.i

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1 : 101: , ,

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al,t: - :.. •, -..-: •• I •..- ':..-, ...,:- ;

--":•- ,-:. .1 • • •: -_- •

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.

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--II :) _...

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'in) rr.. Sr , 1 ,-•q•,••• •r. E., -• ...7•. • •:•••_:, ,,...r,,, .

IV fr \ i,-. -c."...-.:1 '..-.."A...7,-; ci.

■

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1,z- ..i.,••:.•■ - j.:..t.i

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7

...----P•

.

•

.

...

•

•

4

•

P

I

'

.

Thalanga Drill Core Log

Location: :' •• 1

-

- • • •

Co-ordinates: 2C150of. --

Hole No:

"ri12.45

Date:

Depth Structure

(m)

Grainsize

4

1 1 1 I

1E1

_Description

Alteration

•: ,z. .-

•

- '5.:"!' '7;

•

_If:'.---•

• . _

'-•.' '

f:

...

•

'

_,

.

,,:,.,., -• ;

7.

qr,:%., L,...,..■

' -`-''-' .--•- -

d:;',----'••'':

-

:

•

_

-.',-,:tr , •

• S

•

.

E

E

E

;01

-

•

•

4

1( •

in

c

•

CIOC4ft, _'

--.:,,,, --,,,, 56+.'_.-_,-...-',3,,,-, .+:•.,..,.-..,..L.:.: ' y...:::..-.._

otburvlaytt

ci,z utivu W.

SiltStrre2

' I-4

■

vderse

Ov7-

- cktt cAkt-t,

6.1014iVe $4112tilde$ - PI -v. '''. ..:)' ' -, :::,!-, , , I : .,v,7 '

so :-•.,• :.,:. ••,, :- .i: , ! , -- 7-4 ' . :4 , !,-:. , , f- " -:-

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_

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■

:,.,:_-'0,c)•:,

1...1:i- i"..:17

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+rem-ail t zoi..site, a Itv-%

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,:)•(

-

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)

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Acc0c. R•.45c:1:•..1 ri,CtxtV:••,-_7/`,..";.' s'.3•:" 'Ll•-• --•

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10ite.> -111,11

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bick.:::. e...6F>.e..r.:::;r:''''--,

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,Scski virtiSSIVG St4IptAlde.S in OarvOrOtt.

--, '0.:1;1:-4 f t.V...,:Y7'1'4.1. --, W.V

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,

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1

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tvIct

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k(_

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=lei

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Sr6r1{P

- •-.:, ::, - ',- , : 1-- ::

r.1"'IlVto 10 riif-IsCVS Cf)

F

'''-'•:•'' '''.. '.•_:•:• - .7•', "FY.' ;'•"-• •••- •.. ,• ' •"._

t'V VC.', ''.:(•, ', >1 r,"•5.•J 1 ' .,2'C'Cfr. r

eartx•pv,1-e--1-rern-cklatiie t'stsel

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.

1

,

11

WiSpS C41,I - _

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•

mazt've. pelte

tckloeite-

... ; ,.. :-. ,. •-•_ , ,•.,,.,2 . . , , i •-•%; • „IA .:.f. • ... .-_,

p

irjotiticAlolcan

".., , ' - , -'•-!.‘,, f...“ L'.•..., : :•,,, I.1 •

■

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.-'-'1,'-'P 7' -1,-D-11 •S i - ','"-7,-€ 4 :1'...''..--c. '.7.--..

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ie

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.

.. _{. • •} -:

•

2,1c)

or

Thalanga Drill Core Log

Location: vves4

-

TC-.1x1o...4-9o..,

Co-ordinates: 20230 ,,E ,

secrtc

;"

Hole No: TH2.4-9

Dace:

-

su..J.

Depth

(m)

Structure

el* 2

_fill

Grainsize

4

4

_1MM.

Max

Description

Alteration

"

..zio.g

P •

—228

4

- zwl

.

7.:=

—

zzvo

1-7230

•1

-

...215.1

.

.

-701.

,

4

..tes

"

2

071

'

skr-Arp

cicav

473cP

st

i

oo

r

54,0.3 clv

.

shIgitiZe

ci

dkr1Oun

skarp

aecw

0130°

sIncav-1, ,

I

r-

■

•

4

r

,

pltArr ic,.. ackcile-

MAvvs

,

biorf /chi

mwov Colisse*Kinateal)

Ya

m- cr stru-4,-_c

pile5/04.4 ct.41-,

bcw-He. cat covgae-/- -6aii-%

sev (+ patci-ii

allai

-

fe)

tram

dISSC-Wi

.

6 ,

i

"

1

;rte.(

afloat ,

tram carb

2-Gh

cp in p la

as

8-10Y0

dissewiyaiV sliaciokb

t• s p (Vo

-

awe

cAtAva6g

weak, chl aLtin

■■

,. pizOis

etron3 qe.-sve GO-.

pai

-

citu (2-5 co.) c

v

s

ct

, _

N

>

gp

(1

VO4

.

45 OY

.sp -8v%

kvie, erturial sfYu., ry >> cp-sp

in ploaS

ili&

lz Sa.anCASfvne. -..SCAk

-

c4,9

sil-f-sloM

anesite 1

d

C011011

1

:01e-fsPr

-< I

00

00

0 l

it

'.

0

I

tteNt

pervccSive

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e-picAolc. cOlexec.A

- miry:Try OA! --l-rernAmel-

'CON ct,z pleierocyyst 2. &FP ckasto

Ianotesi+e.

.

St/ : strtirg , pai

-

c-li Oil alti,•

8£V: pervaSive epiCtote, rid. 0.1ter041n1

pafcliy ciz-chi aliero..tiOn neav

ba.50-

eiEV:

q,z

-

scr

OJAI"

kr-0116j -k can.4

chlorite schiSI

-

t

ireragite

(

1

6-20ro)

,

.

.

.

0

,

e

0

,

,

a

IQ

,

L

i

A

)

O

C1

a

G;e .3'aw;e0 py Ne

e

14,

■

.. chloi-HT.

6

? "

c-14.cf ? -

YV

fspts (tltereci)

--> Ftwas ie. chi- phka3 +Ark, cillii.

chb-ite. scAbt

b, LS96 F9

Car bZ•1

04 - CPUOV iie• >

fievraitft

- mossive. -4 moiiiiizi itp4-itrOictz2

in

places

•

1

,

712 -pig° 3. ctoier i1-t.

1%

-

I. t754 chl -ser

cat

r hes( i t

-

ii_, volGamuc:s

lir

*

V

1

15

1

Thalanga Drill Core Log

Location: We5t• 11-danyk-

Co-ordinates: Q02 30

rY1

E (

ao

400

yK

NI

Hole No: T}4255

Date:

1C)6

)

10

D

-

pth

(m

Structure

0-04 2 q 61-I

Grainsize

Description

Alteration

153.5

152:1

14-B-1-

bia.s

(dal.

138.4-

g

EzA

t

e g

11

1

40*

Ti

r

Docift, - PSpr phyr1C.,

peltrAl epidate

attentiliciy)

(io plite*_

1

,

v2.4micz)

stror3

cAnie-Ate.

ckay,

ktra0?)

milkd cix- Leuns

it

ctectv

Few N-9)

ue,urle

.

- c3:7451

_.

■

•Yinfe 10,y

Pa

-

c

,

P uctris

tYtt40

10Y

carborvkke

60%60.

sfrorg

so-cltvi a.,(An

4

cfz,

b-ctoe.. disse,m (:)

1;

,,i,ru,,,Ejcis

t

, t .

rar.

_

biotife iphlq9oeute,

Eiff - sit-is-tore, i 110 cv,9stais

GEV

'

I

a

1)

4

0

3

‹Inim

te

tzytz

_y-sfrAt

lOuv

■

QFP

ctcet

0

I>

,

v

0

•-

0

a

₄

4

18410

-1,-z

chastalS

-fsrcestzus

_ai

r

e costs _4,

_,r

.

i

.

c.A

.

1

-

ic,

- chi wimps (after sharots?)

-clifX5t5 = irre8lAlar

+0 raaajd

2.alicolAtx4coi 1(

otect v.

_ 5L,

A

ppor

-

te0( 'WI

x-stal rich 5

,-

t"

ms tamts LItt.oefart qx-rat61A9

SoSt .

LterCP

rnalSdike

sp-p6>n Cbrexcda:0 .-- •

-nunor

cavtocla..StS

chlorite. eckist

-

t sem; rra.-jk,e- Wile

—trace +rem 2... op

poloYde •

\\•

• . 1 1.

.

4

.

_.

-

• ----

-

-

h1,1

pine-vtocy_T-t-s

-si-rong1.9

3oeoL.

•

Rh.9olific Volcantcs

,

a.

•

, • V

k

,

. 41

b ,

-e

possilDI Volccusuc(clettc.

-'z- rck.44;vs uct.3 iiAsize

-

1/z s' 1')" 114614c rildetac

c.last5

125

12.0

110

I

o5

1 0

0

Thalanga Drill Core Log

Location: 1014

Cer-ca71-tolaiijk7

Co-ordinates:

c2o

7c70

....E

sedtoli

Hole

No:

TH.257

Date:

Depth

(m)

Structure

(g;

_*

j

EE

Qr

Description

Alteration

.

-4

2c

..

c

or

0,44,t

c. ..err-eCc-60e..6

—i1044,,, .eastaea

_ac(S6

(oc,...)

iittya..,

Vo-(c0(.44-e.Go

la7- 6' 14- - JA-zg

a

lc

ite,

v

gertei.6ic; ti/atc,149f4/6

A4-L44P,' ati

IL,

Voisocle .5: I%

Ps(4-°(0_ le-ttwe

Pspr

-

1.

c

.

e

_

bap-i..ht

_

.

_roockwal.

uicrease 641..a.frces.

e

v

y

yfy

620,1-

7

)

'ft A.-0(C,42

-

kg,

-8,1<cert4243Q e(41Q-4244:4,2-

IP(ri.tt

7-0-

V■

42,

--z.-

l5n,t

.

, — cl-C-SSO

4,),

) g- (4..,

,

741:01. Lal.104

(24KM- 444.9

•

Azi-vis

ci4ST.61A.

voweey

(4

;

c

../,,i

•

t'ihei

,

b0kioes

-

to

ce.060-hA,

-(2., •

L

•/TT

•

•I(51,

.

.113.4

:itz.3

•ics•--,

103' 3

•(0/. co

,

9' i . a

,49.0

%Vt.,

cgovv..)

sivoTt

deLy-

Imoidea1

4*

i'lli

d'imal

shA-

Iteim4ec,

Aapweed

-

-

_Apr

phric

-thrtde

k bich.e.

-Pl

o

)

100,4,1.04eof u.:- p(0t02-0

H1AJF : Scuncle •StbtlfOtAe., .

stvz.o)

-

.71:12..)

%Scatter-eel -vAtialLte,

aasts (Ock.ftelie=i :

ckt x-ss fals, 0./ so

ft.v2.5:54(2.

)

64.41--

p2t

i

cny

ac-c4-gyar;

.14-elvaztvk u.:7c..4./o&--cife

na.rv-

b/Ate.

T.z.

P-Stbas

cji40,..4:te ackk:s& ./.

s

-

ok,

py

.

,,,

i

ii

6401

.1-

4411111,-

e

f

t,

(2;4.1e

,

peota4

*-F-_

Num-7:_-.

-4vA=

..:M.--.

•

)

-

-.Arctce edg-c-g

atiotht.

74. coc4-s2 cp (30) 74.

oets "Serr

,

K,tor. piv

- rame 0f)

-

no

---14..40cer-Le.4--(:-/ke

massive

pd rife

4 fryttrICA

,

il4C4r1O-/

.

c

l-tt

atassim pciee. Igaresi, 2ock,-, n,,ass.

chicevek-

-c.11,10)-dc ct:Intakf 30-60% py

- ''''cl

9nViciee

-

KM) 'A

Py eviiee

.

.r,

ittla,2444.,e.

;€-Ie. #* mcnov

-

er,Z 09

0

?re-

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,/

41v

z

i

ff'A

A

-

CO

_ce

_{e "Wne/rA}

at/oYc.Ye

6P

-

Ale'

4

eft7% py de5a3zAi ___

7

4,

44

i

RhyaIdic, Voicanzo 0.,

hvrici

etje-ip' S'Y""'

,

i4vA cteoct,n4 ,..._

it-Ilceate,•0 6L.14.&

6,:, po ce4

„

-r-

onzoothe ey-

,

-1...c.,

- ch"cv de- (6 cu-1...

4

ph

oge

-

pi,e2_

14.;,- pecRca-<,

\

\s

90

Thalanga Drill Core Log

Location:

Co-ordinates:

Hole No:

Ttiz-s-

7

Date:

Depth

(m)

Structure

Grainsize 1

ovi, 2 it '4t1

Ii!

!

Description

Alteration

5.1

-

'

•

*

f

sk ca.re

,

N.

1■

•

K ilfill-

,

e7

.

C.

,

Veier.-1,14

CS

—

clecte-

7

6O.& e

h.,--,c

sy

seo

--ISA; fiy IX...e.tac22+-7.4".019.70,1"

I

)

-

fkle2.71

.

cr-eZeCe.Cxe-e--=)

- —

.P14-'1

,-"S `WV./ 143C-0"2".•

-

SeI/Val C7.2-

t l

o

t

y

wat...;10

.

\

—

I

\

/

••■

'

/

3410

335

33

3 as'

320

Thalanga Drill Core Log

Location: East. MaIckyjc--•

Co-ordinates: az /60...•,C--

Hole

No:

TH 2- 6 7

Date:

_(IL

Depth

(m)

Structure

Grainsize Max

(3

1

4

?

it

t

4

Onm),

Description

ciacZte:

- SPC001

Olac

P

h

trriC'

Alteration

-

6

5

u-

csackAL.

rcx•re cp-ps7 -

7.*--py

Pew.

Pvz_c

a-vet:no cciAl-ctr24

3frotA3 cr2r.-

eiD t

co Cafiv

ilteaciAget "lcurgq.

-4 oi...e.earge-

ceaSt?

1,.,_ i.

cr

tet.A....

mud- WCCI

se.4.-

iG4

1

/

4

/

.

C.

clarto

-

•34-3.7

'

3444

-

33

,

10

•3

78•Z

.

..3.3S.z.

'

• 370.7

- no?. f

-

..324.g

.3251

.

-324.0

-3241

'

•

'

• 323-1

ea, . 34.c. •ei

51

_^4-90

twaSsi le

cisarp

fora(

roal°1

shop

.

511=7

staarrisL

1,7. ve4.4^,

gro.041..1

4420

P

s0

- v.

kflvISSie," Care,

-F-: - SittSlavt, (c1-4- Ce.7-9,4

-

rtaro

s

z=

of

okaSk

---> cu rix

,

Sed

6/6V:

_cA2s

_{F-s..a.fortrzi}

nic4 ix q ÷

f' sge

Guts r. cape., ftAct44't comp:14,424A*, 6- zgc-4*-

torwr2

z biectc.44,04 tiAcurt.-t'

i cix-fsior .-149,4f4v-Pourvfranqueotf

ri444A0.1 arrPiperPtla ,

/

-

3

cr,..

•Ms ? - sin. p..9 -

Some at diA.iicid

trVensaiy chi (.0-c-c4J-id al-t (25vas citev.e.

61P

r

tieV :

pertrywc:4-

el.0

cdreu-e

lancc4Se

£ .- e • t.. I pi-14CM StYtfritgerS

io sicetto '313

•

tnictssive sp- fly • irc4ce-

A

m:11:9-t4

--

(4 vet...) ?

cd0.5

6 ?

06V :

a°

c-4.41ve-0.

0

PP

aose--=

2.,frpe

# hisesppy,r,$)

vel.;23 ad.

,

riaki,-

ssE ()

reeq.-44-y /2

,

A24-t-WPI,Q2.

ns.eva-ca...0 0.--urovigxeo

- sr 'Pr

it+effulOr c/OSAS zri ?FP Ps,.

l4.1..t.r401,^12

ifEV : .V. Sst

-pornql Sigeted (I-gsta,)

.4.4_,... 4.1-1A

-

a• en•

-

•Ap- ix, no 'spry, no

Massive fwee-c.Ct,

itrawarx:Qe,

leted-r

-

it.A.

.4.411.4"..

"4.4.4.nor

-

Spka,./

40.4"ato

a.42444)

.

SpIAGLI

4

2.)

4

-All

,

+ fur

.

de.,

4

rl.ote4.-- --eta-wzAg.

.

,sig.

IwP

\

i

)

3

/0

3o

ç

300

Thalanga

Drill Core Log

Location:

Co-ordinates:

Hole No: TH Z

-

6 7

Date:

_zit

Depth Structure

Grainsize 4

I 14 13

Description

Alteration

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