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SPOKESMAN'S GROUP
GROUPE OU PORTE-PAFIOLE GRUPPO OEL PORTAVOCE BUREAU VAN OE WOORDVOERDER
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Il'I
Al''R]CA(
s*ml
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n'lnoeia)
January
l)lQ
DNOUGIIT.
The Counci-l
of
Minjsters,
by tairing'bii:ee
consecutive decisionsin
lecember 1973(on December
10,
1!
a;rc128),
has, placeclvery
coirsid.era,t,le resourcestotalling
morethan B)rC00r0C0
u"a. at
the
d"isposalof
'bhe Conniisio:r as emergencyrelief
for
1974,
to
be usedfor
the
d.rcught-stricken corrntriesin
n.frica.4814801000
u.a. will
coverthe
pu.r.:h-ai:e an,-1 tranr:por't asfar
asthe inland
d"is-tribution
points
of
the
sevencountries
conce;'nec1(f) of
:*
1301000tcns
of
cercal-c (:rh,-latar7/or
n:,:ze) II4r000
tons
of
skimmedmilk
pcv.'Cerg6rOCO tor-s
of
brrtierorl..
3516001000
u,a. (2)
are
intend.ed.forthe
immedia'i;efinancing
of
transpori; andstorage
facilities for
food and medica1 aid. aswell
as measulesto
enable the drought-s-bricl<en populationto
resu'ne from now ontheir
norrnal productiveac-tivitj.es to
the largest
extent
possibleDistribution
of this
aid- has been decid.ed.in
conjunctj.on w'iththe
Inter-State
Committee
for
the
Figh-5 agai.net J-lror;ght, nhiehincludes
the
six
Sahel Statesta;rd.
the
seven Government;: concerned.This
distribution is
shownin
the
tablein
the
annex.1.
Thefacts
For
some years nowthe African
countrj.es southof
the
Sahara have beenin
thegrip of
a
clrought.In fact,
the rains
on vu';\ichfarn
output d"epends-
as ind.eed,does
the su:'vival
of cattle,
and.therefore
that of
the
shepherd.s-
provedin-sufficient or
too infreErent
in
var.y:ng degrees,first in
limited.
areas d"uring1958 and 1970r and cverywhere
in
1!12 ancl L973t thus becomingthe disaster of
the
centuryfor
the
7
to
Bmillion
inhabiiants
of
the
so-ca1lec1 Sahel regi.on(which normally has
a
rainfall of
be'Lween 500 anrl !O mmper
year).
Theshort-fall in rain
has reached. an avera€eof {0 to
50 /oin
reJ,ationto
the
normalrate.
The extremefimits
are
-l0O mmfop the
cultivation of miIlet,
the
stapled.iet
of
the
non-migratorypopuiation,
a.nd 50 'mnfo:: fresh
pasture gro'w-th. As?^"""yl1t^agricultural
crops have been almostentirely
d"est:oyed-,nhile
between3O and. l-OO 11,
of
the
cattle,
whose mi3-k provid.esthe
main foodfor
the
shep-herdst
havecLied'
.
/.
(f
)
Ciraa,Ethiopia,
ii{ali,
(e) or
uhich 600,000 u,a.Mauritania,
Iliger,
Senegalcarried
orrer fromthe
1973e,nd Upper-1'/o1ta.
*2-?",..?,k.g-t*€t
.i
,J
t"gto
nolrr no weather ,ex,bert hae yet-1suq6eed.e{.in.establishing'ascientific
method-.
of
pred.ictingthe
appea,fance'and.'intbnslty
of
.i"ainfall.
Though droughts ha'rre Leo.I
knownto..oosur:in.the
Fastr
one haistlo
gg,'bacato
1913'tofrrd
a
C,:c::Jt"bof
i;-oJt
s .,;
irrdir-,itu.Lc a;sti:cse
of
',ihe las-L'r",rloy:ea,r.s.
:.
However, r,vh:iLe
the lack
of
rain
may be co_np!4_e_5ed_.as..accid,e.r,ta!1.{4 d.oesimttn
itself
constitute the
fund.amental carseof,ttrp
gnsui4g.di.saeteri trtrelatter
wouldnfiveri have pr.od.uc-ed.
the
repefcirssioiig"th'e,t.rare,.rtrolrr: corffiton howl.edgebut
for
the'
faqt that
*he'ba,Iarree bettoeenna*ui'al
resources(arable
landr.guaing
tand. and.water)
and rnen a.11d-cattle
had rdacheda''limit
i."#,to
breaBin#point,even.under1o1ma!
gggditionsr
fndeedi ,beceflso' of "the:texcdssiiile pump4ngof
water a.nd 1heintrod.uction
of
mod.ern medi.cthes,for hurna,l;rs anc',.e,rri.ma].s.,th:nuntcr
of
ii,,,
rbeingn and'animals
inhabiting
in
that:region, a'iil
J-j.vi.r13 otfji.::
,,,;;pt&*1...:,,,has been toohsr8h
in
relation
tb
plant
reprod.uction,thus',puitilrg
the
inlriib*;-tants
andlheir
animaLsat
tlre
mercyot ihe
sliehtist
inlgulartty
fn
nain-,fal1
potd'ntiaL.Leq-db
:
;In
order
to
renredythis
state
of
affairs
the
fight
against
tfr,e canset1o"r."*of
the
drought mr.ist be oond.ucted on twofronts
simultaneouslyr(r)
the
sur^vivalof
human beings;(t)
ttre
restoration
of
productive
activities
by
re-.estabLiskingthe
ecologi-cal baLance.J.1:, Foo.d-
ai$
and ggd.ical*careAccord.ing
to
the
estimatesof
the
erryerts meeting unCerthe
auspicesof
the
F.A,g.one mj.Llion
tons
of
cereals
end.other
foocls'luffsare reguired
tor
i-974to
ensurethe survival
of
th.e populati.onin
the
six
Sahelcowrtries
andEthiopia
nowthreatened.
with
fami.ne. Suchqua,ntities
arenot
avaiLabLein
Africa,
Theirpurchase and
transport
would. be beyond.the
meansof
the
needycountries,
mostof
whioh have ranked. throughout amongthe
2J poorestin
the
world.(1i.
Co1ggCu9ntlyr
this
situation
required. an irnmed.iate and. 1-arge-sca1eeffort
of
solid'arity
by
the tnternational
Comrmrnity (buag'et approved-bytlre
Copncil-of
Ministers
on December 1O, f.mplementationof
the
relief
progra&ne on Ja;ruary 2J),including the provision
of
food and" med.icines as wel.l astransport
and storage-'facilities
upto
andat
the
aotuel
points
of
consumption.3.
2.
Re s_bprati gq of , p,r,oductiveqcsiri
ties
_Unquestionablyr
the
most urgenttask
nowis to
feed.the
drought-striclcen people,No
less
urgent,
howeverlls
the provision
of
such means aswitt
enabLe thsmto
resune
their
norrnaLproductive
activities
asfar
as possibLe.In
parbicular, this
involves the
repair
of
wells
and. boreholesthat
haue become ,rnusabLe'the
prrr-chase and.d.istribution
of
seed,sfor
*henert
cropyear (tiarcli
1!l{ in
Ethiopia,Maydune
in
the
Sahel countries) r.md
of
otber
mea:lsrof
prod.uction (oxenror
'field
work, manurelpesticides,..),
the
creation
of
irrigated.
zones shelterecl fromthe
vagaries-of
the
re;lnsr
and aseistanceto
the
shepheSrlsto
help
thernrescue
or re-stock
their
flocks within the
limits
of
the
ava:iLabLe grazing Lands.Consiclerable sums
wlll
be clevoted.to
that
end whiohconstitutes
no more thenthe
firet
stageof
a
long*term prograrnmeof
reconstruction
and reo:rganizationaimed'
at
removing once and.for
aIL the
causesof
the
present clisagtrous stateof
affalns.
llhe Conmissionis
aLreadgrcontributing
towardsthe
drawing upof
this
programnethe
implementationof
whichtdLl
require the
provision
of
even]-arger fi.rnd.s amounting
to
several
hund.red.sof
milLfons
of
o.l,
A sustained.
iJ-:,':i
effort wlIl l,hus hare to Lie lrirJLo oI 'il*.,.r .c{r-,i.,1. ., 14.-J. +-F. - 14 r.*.-. qr. .o
tlme
in
the
contest
of
what Presidontl;iori
lle^oani has des,sribeg as ti:.e ltlar-ehaLl PIenfor
tlre
Salreloountries,
[he
Comnrun:itylsaontribution
towa^raiLs thecnr:Xring
out
of
that
PLarrwi*hin the
franenorkof
the
newassooiatlor
og:r€€*Le:tt
it
j.s
nrw nego.;ia!;irg 'o;ith{J
eorrntriesin
Afrj.ca
andthe
Caribbean areaw*l-i-L i.ave t,o be on
a subsian'lial
gcale"4.
ftre
importanceof
Conrmrrrltv aid.The Corrncilf
s
decisioneof
].ast Decembertestif;'
to
the
poj.ttical
clesireof
theenlarged. E\rropean Commr:ni*y
to
streng'thenits
cooperationwith
Africa"
fn
factt
those decisions were taken
at
a time
whenthe
E\.rropean economies were threatened.ri.tlr
the
rnostserious
crisis
since
the
war. Yet
it is
evident
that
tho
Comnruni$yter
v""L,r;:-'i-r-gn so €D,:. hes been cneof
the largeet
in
reLation
to
the
to*al of
ex-.,'":,ri'r.l r.iri"'*lrp.iii.i.i+c1
to
the
Srrir.elcountries
*a
ntniopia.
It is
worth ad.d.ing suohard. as ]ras been suilpLied d.irectS-y
by
certain
MemberStatesr
and whichis far
fromnegligible,
to this
total
to
become awelreof
the
real
meaningattrtbuted
byE\rope
to
oooperation u.tthAf:rica,
in
spite
of
the
difficulties
i,rith
r,,rhichEurope
herself
is
faaed.It is
also
worthnoting
that
for
the
first
timo
financial
ai.d,
arlded.to
the resourcesof
the
Eu:ropean DeveJ.opnrent 3\:.1d,is
being granted.by
the
Conunurityof
the Nine,
andthat
such aicl has becn ertend.eclto
a non-a,ssociated. courrtryiri
Af;'ica.I
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KOMMISSIONEN FOR OE EUROP'EISKE FIELLESSKABERS - KOMMISSION OER EUROPiiISCHEN GEMETNSCHAFTEN-COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN.COMMUNITIES - COMMISSION DES COMMUNAUTES EUROPEENNES
-COMMISSIONE DELLE COMUNITA EUROPEE - COMMISSIE VAN DE EUROPESE GEMEENSCHAPPEN
P-?
TALSMANOENS GRUPPE
SPRECHERGRUPPE
SPOKESMAN'S GROUP GROUPE DU PORTE-PAROLE GRUPPO DEL PORTAVOCE
BUREAU VAN DE WOORDVOERDER
ilruntut01l
llrt0nrATl|RtscHE AurzEtcHlrul{G
il(lTE
ll'ilF|lnlATl0il
1{0TA D'lltF0ntAU l0llE
TEN III|CUTETTIE
tlrrllnulTtllil nEm
ItordflX==
janvier
1974AIDE DE LA COIUI\fi]NAUTE EUROF,ENNE AUX POPUTATIONS
SINISTREES PAR LA SECHERESSE MI AFN]QUE
(smm
m
umtroern)Par
trois
d6cisions cons6cutivesprises
en d6cembre 19?3(les
10,
f9 et
28)le
Conseil d.es},finistres
vient
d.e mettrei la
disposition
d.ela
Commission des moyensparticulibrement
importants sechiffrant
i, plus
d.e 81.000.000 U.C. pourapporter des secours dturgence en
I)lQ
at::t- paysafricains
victimes
d.e 1as6che-rgsse.
48.480.000 U.C. correspond-ent
i
lrachat
et
autrarrsport
jusq'utauxlieux
d.e
d.istribution d
}rint6rieur
des?
pays concern6s(f
)
ae-
130.000 tonnes d,e cdr6ates(tt6
etf ou mais)14.000 tonnes de
lait
6cr6m€ en poudre5.000 tonnes de
butteroil-.
35.600.000 U.C.
(Z)
sont
destin6es au financement imm6diat de moyens detransport
et
d.e stockage d.eltaid.e
alimentaire
et
m6d.ica1e aussibien
que d.emesures permettarrt aux populations
sinistrdes
de reprendre autant gue possibleleurs
activit6s
de production normales d-bscette
ann6e.La
r6partition
d.ecette
aiclea 6t6
d"6cid.6e en accord avec}e
Comit6Inter-Etat
d.elutte
contre
1a s6cheresse xegroupantles
5 Etats
du Sahelainsi
quravecles
7
gouvernementsint6ress6s.
Elle
est reprise
darrsle
tableau en arlnexe.1.
Lesfaits
La s6cheressg
s6vit
enAfrique
au Sud. d.u Sahara d.epuisplusieurs
ann6es.En
effet,
1espluies
d.ont d.6pend.entles
productions clesagriculteurs
et Ia
sur-vie
d.u b6tai1 ,donc d.es pasteurs,ont 6td insuffisantes
outrop
espac6es d.ans 1etemps E des d6gr6s
vari6s
et
dairs des zoneslimit6es
dtabord en 1968et
en 1970,partout
en 1972et
en 1973 prena"ntainsi la
dimension drune catastrophe centenairepour
les
7
a
Bmillions
d.thabitants d.eIa
zone d-ite sah6lieru:e(qui regoit
nor-malement
entre
500et
!O mm clepluies par an).
Led6ficlt
pluviom6triguea
atteint
40
a
50 /o en moyennepar rapport
i.
1a normale. Lalimite
extrame pourla
cufturedu
mi1,
nourriture
d.e base des s6d.entaires,est
d.e 300 mmet
d.e 50 mm pourIa
re-pousse des
pb,turages.
Lesr6coltes
agricoles
ont
d.onc6t6
an6anties en presql'-etotalit6
et
entre
30et
LOOf'
du cheptelment
essentiel
despasteurs.a
d.isparu.(f
)
ntiriopie,
Haute-Volta,l.lali,
Idauricanie,d"ont
le lait
constitue
lrali-./.
Niger,
S6n6ga1et
Tchad.*r-?:
L.eg*cJ,xt-ggJrlsquri
nosjoul's
aucun mGt6oroiogistenta
pu encore6tablir
une gnelconquorbgle
scier-itifique
pou.rlrapnarition
et
liiir'oerisiid
d.espluies"
Bj-cn que d.essdeheresses
aient 6td
connuesdansle
pass6, $.1faut
""morrt"r
juscuten 1pi3 pouren rencontrer une de
la
m6rre atnpleur E.re ceil.es d.es rieu-x derni&res a.nn6es..itn"r*arni'
si
ltabeence dcpluies
peut6tre
consicldr6e corhe aceidentelle,
el-ie
necor.stitue
pai: et-a. el.le-:r6me la. cause profonCe Ce La catastrcphcqqrultu-a
prfvo'{u6c"Celll-c1 nfaurait
puavcir
1es consSquenoes quelton
conri&ttsi
lf
dc{ail:brc entre
re$sor;}cesnatui'elies (te;.r"s
r"ablo*,
pet.rt*ges,
eau) ethomftes
st idtail nravait
ai;teint
unelir,dte
p:"ochede-la
"npt.tt"
cn tempsno::iltll.. E'n
effet, le
nr:n,bre d-tiromrieset
d"tanimauxvivant
dans l"a zoneet
d.e sav6g6-ca.tion, grF.ce au pomnag'c sr:r:-ibandant drearm
et
Altintrod.uction
de Lam€cie-ci::.e rnocle:'ne ta".-b ]'urnairre qae v6tdri-naj.re,
a
6t6
beauccuptr,rp inportant
parrapport
d
sespossibilitds
dc reproi).uctio::vdgdtale, les mettint
ainsi i,
le. mercide .r-a ncrnC.re i 116 gul_ari t 6 p li":vi oil6 t
ri
que .1.._!e:_ry:Leqcg
Poi"rr porrvoi-r polter':'e.nid.u A,
ceite
situa.*ion,
la
lu-Ltecontre
les
ccns6-quenoes Ce
ia
s6cireresserloit
6tre
n:en6e Fur ds.,ux frorrts si-multan6mcnt-
]-a r.'ut-rrie rles horrnes- la
::ernjse endta*
o.elrapparej.i
d.e p::od*c-bion,cn :'6te.bli:sa:,rt 1 |
dc;rilibr:
6colcgr.q.f,e.3. i,.
;l,i$e-allggC*iie--*t
i,glJs.sisgg*
$e*on
les
es'i;j.ma,tions Jes expe::ts r'6rrnis so.u-slr6gitie
cLela
FAOplus
d.e1.000"0u0 cie tonnes
tie
c6:6ales e'r rLrarrtres denrries notlt u4"essairesen
IgT4pour PssLlrer
la
surr'le aer
pcpul.a-bions nenac6es rle famjne dansles
6
pays Culiallel
ei
err[thiopi"e.
Cesqu.ntiti,s.ne
sor.t pas d.isponibles enAfrrque.
Lei'-iacl:.at
et
echrminernentserait
hory$'j:tCe
c'-es paysn-c"csit:u:c,
dcnt
1a pIu-partfi;urcnt
c.ep",iistoujouls
parr".iles 2]
r.esplus
pauv;-'es d.u ),[once(1).
Ce'i;te
sit,uation a
d.onc appeldrxi effor.i;
consid6rr:,bl_eriarif6
,le]a
ecmmuna*idinterna,iiunale
(buaget accord.j prirodce'irbrc, t,!ee en exdcr.:.tion ctes pi,ogt.amrnes
ie
2J 3anvier),.:
con:)r,enarltla
r"o,rrrniture rl-e vivreSet
d.eque de rfioTens d.c
transport
et
o"est:cka6e
jusqurouxet
siuxsommation.
f.!
.
F:c iri q9-eg*6i g-t-Je
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c,e prr.rd:lr,tiorr nor,r,ileu. J_1sragit
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i
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4.
fmportance C,elraide
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la'
vcl'onb6politique
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