Memorandum on the implementation of an iron and steel research programme, with a view to obtaining financial aid under Article 55(2)(c) of the ECSC Treaty COM (82) 819 final, 10 December 1982

'':i.':,iil

i.1 1:;' iillli!.. ::.i Lli.;:,iii:;$

COti|(82) 819 finaL

ErusseIs, 10 oecember 1982

FrB

? *83

'i"

Lllc'

on the i mp Lementat i on

with

a view

ArticLe

u_E-u-9-E-A-N-D-U-U

of

an

iron

and

steel

research programme,'

to

obtaining

financ'iaL

aid

under

55(2)(c)

of

the

ECSC Treaty

the

Commission)

u r{iv E RsiTY-

rH$l

-r"'" RGhi

Fr.B

t

0

igsS

ORDER sECllET\

MEMORANDUM

on

the

implementation

of

an

iron

and steel research programme,

with a

view

to

obtaining

financiaL

aid

under

ArticLe

55

(?) (c)

of

the

ESCS Tneaty

I '

INTRODUCTION

This

memorandum consists

of

11

projects

that

wiLL form

the

first

part

ofthe

ECSC programme

of

research and deveLopment on

iron

and

steel

for

1983 for

which

aid

under Art'icLe

55,

2(c)

of

the

ECSC Treaty

'is

requested.

After

de-ta'iLed examination

of

these proposaLs by

the

services

of

the

Commission in

coLLaborat.ion

with the Iron

and SteeL TechnicaL Research Committee, they have been seLected as

first priority for

the

incLusion

in

the

programme'

In

the

evaLuation

of

the

proposaLs,

priority

has been given

to

those that

correspond most cLoseLy

to

the

criteria

outLined on

the

medium term

orient-ation

for

steeL research (1981-1985)('k) and which have

the

foLLowing

over-a L L objecti ves :

- to

improve

industriaL

competitiveness by reducing production costs and

improving

the

product and

- to

promote steeL as an engineering and structuraL materiaL through stud'ies

of

the

service

properties

and

utiLisation

of

steeL'

The technicaL scope

of this first.part of

the

programme

for

1983

is

confined

to

the

areas

of

ironmak'ing

in

the

bLast furnace, measurements and anaLysis and constructionaL steeLs.

In

the

research on bLast furnaces,

further

support

is

proposed on coaL

inject-ion

techniques aimed

at

eLiminating

the

need

for

fueL-oiL

injection

and

Lower-.ing

_the

_coke

_rate,

_{thereby reducing operating}

_costs.

_In

the

fieLd

of

measure-r"nt,

and

anaLysii, the

main themes deaL w'ith

the hot

surface inspection and

repa.ir

of

cast

and semi-finished products and

the

deveLopment

of

more advanced

chemicaL anaLyticaL techniques needed

for

monitoring and controLLing various stages

of

iron

and steeL

production.

FinaLLy,

the

projects

in

the

fieLd

of constructionaL steeLs

are

aimed

at

the

achievement

of

superior mechanicaL

pro-perties

of

roLLed products by optimisjng aLIoy compos'ition and

thermo-mechani-cal

history

and

the

improvement

in

the

service performance

of

steeL components

for

automobi Le appLications.

The financiaL

ajd

for

the

11 research proposaLs outLined below amounts

to

a

totaL

of

2.920.800 ECU.To

this is

added 79.200 ECU

for

anciLLary costs and

dissemination

of

information,

giving

a

totat

financiaL

commitment

of

3.000.000 ECU.

*

C99, VoL.

24, 2

May 1981

II.1

.

ORE REDUCTION

(BLast Furnace)

Both

of

the projects

described below pursue

the

aim

of

repLac'ing

part

of

the metaLLurgicaL coke

with

coal breeze, wh'ich

is

injected

via

the

tuydres- This

is

a

pliority

probLern since

for

economical reasons most bLast furnaces have abandoned

oiL injection

in

favour

of

aLL-coke operation'

P

1377:

MetalLurqicaL as

cts

of owdered c L

iniection'i

bLast furnaces

This

project

is

intended

to

determine

the ratio

by coaL and

to

invest'igate

the

gasification

and

ferent

types

of

coaL. The foLlowing measurements

bLast

furnace:

The

project

has two

objectives

:

a)

injection

of

coaL breeze (pneumatic)

b)

injection

of

coal/water sLurry

The folLowing are

to

be studied :

-

The performance

of

different

types

of

pneumat'ic

-

The

effect

on a bLast furnace

of

injecting

Large

i ron) .

-

The maximum possibLe coaL content

of

coaL/water pumpabi

Lity

and stab'iLity.

in

which coke can be rePLaced combust i on behavi

our

of

d'i f

-wiLL be

carried out

on the

'inj

_ection

equ'i pment.

quantities

(100

_kg/t

crude

sLurry

for

optimum mixture

-

measurement

of

transport

parameters

-

measurement

of

heat Loss

at

the

tuydres

-

observations us'ing an endoscope

-

measurement

of

combustion parameters

-

sampLing from

the

tuyere zone

to

determine degree

of

combustion

-

testing

di f

ferent

p'ipe designs

to

determine opt'imum bLast/coaL

ratio-There are at.so pLans

for

Laboratory

testing

of

the

different

types

of

coaL.

AppLicant :

IRSID

-

St

Germain-en-Laye

Budget

:

795.000 ECU

Poss.duration:3

years

P

14?8:

BLast furrrace coaL'iqiection

-

The

effect

of

sLurny on bLast furnace performance.

-

The combustibiLity

of

coaL breeze and sLurry.

The preLiminarY

coa

I

breeze and

carried out

on

nace.

AppLicant

:

Budget

:

Poss.duration:

-3-resea rc

h

for

determi n'i ng

sLurry)

and

the

testing

a

combustion furnace and

ts.S.C.

-

London

445 .000 ECU

7

years

combustion and Lance parameters (fclr

of

the

metering devices are

to

be

folLowed bY

tests

on

the

blast

fur-rolLing

by me'ans

of

com-earLier

ECSC contract

universaL miLL

train,

with P 1370

:

C

uter

contro!

of

a

universaL beam miLL

The

project

objective

is to

improve output in beam

outer

contro L.

The mathematical modeL developed by IRSID under an

Q210-EA/3/3OQ

is to

be adapted

for

controLLing a

-

caLcuLation

of

optimum pass sequence;

-

automatic controL

of

miLL stands;

-

dynamic correct'i on on every pass. l^Jhen

a

given toLerance

is

exceeded the

correction

is to

be made automaticaLLy

for

the

next pass'

AppLicant

B udget

:

ARBED

-

Luxembourg

z

336.000 ECU

Poss.duration:

4

Years

TI.3.

MEASUREMENTS AND ANALYSIS

rn

the

manufacture

of

iron

and steeL products

there

is

a

reorganisation

tak-ing

pLace which

is

aimed

at

improving processes and

at

rationaLisation

as

weLL as

at

the

w.idespread

introduction'of

cont'inuous casting processes and meeting

the

rrguni-nucessity

for

a

reduction

in

energy consumption

per

unit

of

metaI manufactured.

rf

the

quaLity concept, which

is

becoming more and more

of

a

competit'ive weapon

in

the

worLd

steel

mar.ketr'is

addedr'it

is

easy

to

appreciate

the

itpotiui.."

wh'ich can be attached

to

ner.r methods

of

anaLys'is

and examination

for

meeting

the

ever-changing and ever more demand'ing

require-ments and

accept.[ifiiy-cr]teria'in

the

fietd. It

must aLso be emphas'ized that

there

is

an increas.ing tendency towards, on

the

one hand, computer-assisted

equipment and/or moniio.ing and anaLysis

faciLities,

and on

the other

hand

to-wards

bringing

inJurt'iaL iobotics into

the

controL

of

new

pLant'

The projects

L'isted below nave been devised

with

that in

mind and

to

meet

the

denrand'

p- ₁₂₈₁

_:

_{Zeeman ef} f ect. on.b€ckground correction during atomic absorptioL

s'peg-MetaLLurgicaL Laboratories

are

i LL-equipped

to

face

the

impressive increase

in

the

number

of

requests

for

anaLysis

of

trace

eLements' FLame atomic absorpt-.ion spectrophotometry

is

welL known and aLL

that

is

required

is to

add an

atom-izer for

the

method

io

oe appLicabLe

to

trace

anaLysis. The aim

of

the

research i

s

to

study

the

appLicabi

tiiy of

Zeeman-effect atom'ic absorpt'ion

hl'ith research

projects

721}-GA/407 and 7210-GDl401

!'la y.

which

are

currentLy under

Thr

project

has twg main

aims: to

deveLop and construct an automatic system

for

inrp".ting

the

surface condition

of

iron

and steeL products

at

high

tem-perature and reconditioning

in

accordance

with the

information transmitted by

the

inspection

unit.

The work wiLL

consist

in

Linking

a

visuaLization

unit

selection

of

which wiLL be

part

of

the

research (TV camera, uLtrasound dev'ice, photod'iode networks, FoucauLt

current)

to

a

robot having

suffic'ient

degrees

of

freedom

to

be able

to

inspect any surface

of

the

test

piece from

different

angLes. SimiLarLy,

the

reconditioning

unit,

which may be

a

deseam'ing

torch

for

exampLe, wiLL be mounted on

the

same support and

articulated

so as

to

be free

to

move i

n

di

fferent

di rect i ons.

Applicant

:

Budget

:

Poss,

duration:

App Li

cant

:

Budget

i

Poss.

duration:

App L'i cant

B udget

Poss. duration

Creusot-Loi

re

-

Fi rm'inY

135,500 ECU

2

years

P 1316

:

AnaLysis

of

eLements

in

very smaLL concentrations by _{coupLed _furnace} and pLasma

torch

spectrometry

The purpose

of

the

project

is to

examine

the

simuLtaneous determination of

trace

eLements

in

various ferrous materiaLs.

This

is

the

LogicaL appLication

of

the

pLasma

torch

from previous work subsidized by

the

ECSC. SimuLtaneous determination

of

trace

eLements (beryLLium, bismuth,

arsenic,

antimony,

teL-Lurium, boron,

etc.) in

the

various

iron

and stee'L

products'is

on

the

increase.

CRM proposes

to

connect up

a

graphite-Lined furnace

at

h'igh temperature (2000o

to

30000)

to

voLatjLize

the

test

piece and

to

introduce

the

vapour

(atomizat-ion) into

the

plasma

torch

of

an

I.C.P.

(inductive

coupling pLasma)

spectro-meter. The

initiaL

phase

of

the

project

wiLL be devoted

to

estabLishing the experimentaL conditions best

suited

for

the

anaIy'sis, and then

a

start

wiLI be made on

direct

anaLys'i

s

of

soLid materials.

CRM

-

L'iege 498.000 ECU

3

years

CRM

-

L'iege

207.500 ECU

3

years

P 1337

:

0n-Line thickness

ofiLe

measurement

of

hot

wide

stri

DeveLopment and construction

of

a

different'iaL

thrickness gauge

for

the

profiLe and fLatness

of

hot-rolled

wide

strip.

The princ'ipl-e apptied

to

that

of

atten-uation

of

ionizing q9{iation.

The radioisotopes r,rhich

it is

intended

to

use

in this

wor,k are

cslJ/

and 96241. The principLe

to

be used wiLL be

the

simul-taneous measurement

of

about

5

traces

using

point

detectors

in

each edge zone,

-5-an

emitter

pLaced on

the

opposite side

of

the

strip

irradiat'ing

the

entire edge zone.

Thir pro:ect

shouLd enabLe

the

European

industry

to

avoid having recourse

to

Japanese equipment (Toshiba X-ray gauge). The

_"9rlt

is to

be

can-r.ied

out

in

coLLaboration

with

the

Bsc

at

Port

TaLbot, which has considerabLe

u*p".i"n.e

in

industriaL

gammametry.

This

research

is

confined

to

measurement

of

the

thickness

profite of

the

strip

as

it

emerges from

the

roLLs'

App Li

cant

:

Hoesch

-

Dortmund

Budget

:

751.000 EcU

Poss.

duration:

3

Years

P 1391

:

Opt'icaL 'ins

cti

of

the

surface

hot

continuousL

cast

semis

The objectives

of this

project

are energy sav'ing coupLed

with

improved pro-duct

quaLity.

Inspection o?

the

surface-of hot

semi-finished products

is

there-fore

one

of

the

essent.iaL conditions

for

hot

charging

or

direct

roLl'ing-

In

prev.ious research

projects

(agreements 7210-GAl304 and 721t1-GBl301), IRSID

de-vised two methods

for

the

inspection

of

hot iron

and steeL

products:

-

FoucauLt

current

(fine

defects and incLusions)

-

0pticaL sensor (TV camera) (extensive surface defects)

_'

As

part

of

the Latter

study IRSID intends

to

continue

the

work undertaken

dur-.ing

_the

_{previous-paoj".tr,}

_{making use}

_of

the

resuLts obtained

there but

direct-ing'its efforts

towa-rds t-he detection

of

surface defects

of

the

LongitudinaL crJck

type

in

continuous casting products

after

descaL'ing'

Setting

up

a

series

of

detectors

of

data processing

to

Permit fuL

-

ReaL time processing

of

visuaL

ser

in

situ.

on an

industriaL instaLLation.

DeveLopment Ly-automati

c

detection.

information using

a

speciaL numericaL

anaLy--

Test.ing

of

detection aLgorithms using an

on-site

minicomputer.

Appli

cant

:

IRSID

-

St

Germain-en-Laye

Budget

:

527.000 ECU

Poss.

duration:

3

Years

P

1406:

lntegrated system

of

chemicaL anatysis

to

monitor tlE-gqdi1uous.

casti no

of

A L-ki L Led stee L

the

sLag must be reLayed promptLy

to

the

manufacturing controL

centres,

the information must be reLiabLe and

the

aLgorithms used

for

processing

it

must be taiLored

to

give

sufficientLy

accurate predict'ions and reduce as

far

as

poss'ibLe

the input

data

required.

This,

generaLLy speaking,

is

the

aim

of

the

project,

which

is

designed

to

be

spLit

up

into

three

act'ivity

sections.

Series

of

data gathering campaigns

(in

two

a)

CorreLation between compositions

at

each

b)

EstabLishment

of

data acqusition points

of

data coLLection

or

number

of

sampLes

steeLworks

:

OBM and LD).

stage

in

the

process.

or

sampling

points

and frequency

taken

in

routine

conditions.

c)

t^Jorking

out

techniques

for

measurement, sampLing, preparation

of

test

pieces and how best

to

use them

for

analysis purposes.

Applicant

:

cSM-Roma

Budget

z

307.500 EcU

Poss.duration

:

3

years

Ir.4.

SERVTCE pR0PERTTES ANp PERF0B!4ANCE (Constructiona _L SteeLs)

Research

projects

on

the

fatigue

behaviour

of

steel

components

are

of

vitaL

importance both on

safety

grounds (weIded _motor

_vehic[e

_structures,

_for

exam-pLe) and

for

reasons

of

economy

at

the fabricating

stage (energy savings,

op-timization

of

heat treatment and aLLoying eLements). The proposed projects

refLect

these considerations.

P

1397:

Present prospects

for

the

development

of

constructionaL steeLs and

reeatment

ALongside

the

deveLopment

of

thermomechanicaL treatments

for

Low-carbon

Low-aLLoy steeLs,

the

engineering

industry

wiLL obviousLy aLways have

a

need

for

higher carbon steeLs, generaLly Low-aLLoy, having exceLLent mechanicaL

proper-ties

either

throughout

the

cross section

or

on

the

product

surface.

The grow-'ing costs

of

conventionaL f uL L heat treatment

for

eng'ineering

parts

wi L L

in-crease

_the

pressure on steeLmakers

to

suppty

pre-treated

haLf-hard steeL bars already having

the

mechanicat properties and

structures

required

for

service.

Apart from conventionaI quenching and tempering

carried

out

on bars before deLivery, acceLerated cooLing

structures

couLd be

of

interest

if

the

treatment could be

carried out

in

Line and tempering omitted

or

reduced. A degree

of

ex-pertise

_in

_continuous controLIed cooLing has now been acqu'ired. Ay combining

this

h,ith

in-Line

induct'ion

heating,

it is

possibLe

to

deveLop both properLy

controtLed compLete

fast

thermaL cyc[es

that

wiLL enable

better

use

to

be made

of

the

ends

of

roLLing stocks and aLso econom'ic compositions. The purpose of

the

research

is to

investigate the

possibitities

_of

adapting

the

compositions

of

hard

or

haLf-hard steeLs and

the

treatments avaiLabte by combining

-7--

Grain

refining

during

roLLing

with

controLLed cooLing before

finaL

work-i ng.

-

By means

of

rolLing

stopped

at

about 750-700oC, modification

of

the

condi-tions

of

pearL'ite germination so as

to

obtain

without

difficuLty

fine

non-Laminar pearL'ite, wh'ich

is

more ducti Le than coarse

pearLite.

:,

-

Use

of

controLLed cooLing

(fLat

jet or

spray banks)

of

product

at

roLLing heat

to

controL secondary

structures

(incLuding possibi

Lities of

precipi-tation

hardening) and

their

gradients

in

the bar

section.

-

Use

of brief

induct'ion tempering

in

the

roLLing Line

to

attenuate

the

ef-fects

of

structura L gradients obtained during continuous quenching.

AppLi

cant

:

IRSID

-

St

Germa'in-en-Laye

Budget

z

376.500 ECU

Poss.duration

z

3

years

P 1t+16

:

Use

of

steel

in

the motor industr

with

the

necessar cnarac eri

st-or finite

Life design

criteria

Th'is programme forms

the

second stage

of

the

research undertaken

in

1982 w'ith

the

financiaL assistance

of

the

ECSC

for

the

purpose

of

promoting

the

use of

steeL

for

structuraL

components. The primary

object

of

the

project

as

a

whoLe

is to

pnovide

a

reLiabLe basis

for

the

design

of

Lightweight mechanicaL

compo-nents and

for

the

choice

of

suitabLe

steeLs

through

efficient

and s'ignificant characterization

of

the

steeLs themseLves so

that the fatigue Life

of

mechani-cal

components made

with

them can be

predicted.

The

first

stage covers the characterization

of

a

number

of

steels,

some

of

which wiLL be studied more

extensiveLy'in

a

subsequent second stage so as

to

determine

the

infLuence of

factors

such as chemicaL composition, type

of

fabricating

process,

etc.

The

parameters obtained during

the

characterization studies

are

used as

direct

inputs

to

the

computer programmes

for

determining

the

projected

fatigue

L'ife

of

mechanicaL components.

The

input

data required

for

these programmes are

the

Load and

strain

time

his-tories

of

the

components invest'igated,

the

right

stress

concentration factor

for

the

criticaL

areas and

the

parameters characterizing

the

cycLic behav'iour

of

the

materiaL.

It is

pLanned

to

use Last-generation computer programmes

for

the

research and

to

make

a crit'icaL

evaLuation

of

some

of

the

generaL assumptions which can

possibly be improved

in

the

tight of

a

better

knowLedge

of

the

eLastopLastic behaviour

of

the

steeLs.

Applicant

:

CSM-Roma

Budget

z

489.000 ECU

-lf, (s c (t' c L )a UAJ

LU OO

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z

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a EC) <m (f o. a\-r N N C]OOO9OO

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f.-roo.onc\lo

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Officirl Journrl

Coonuoicrrior lron r[o C.ommirbo of thc Eurupcrn C,omnunithr tc cooprahr b the ECSC

(Artkh

tt

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ECSC'Ihaty)

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In rhc Lrrcr ro rlrc clrlirnrln of the Consultative Conrrnittce of rhc [CSC, rhe

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(2) (c) ol' rhc 'l'rcary corrr'crnirrg rhc dcsirability of rlloceting rhc following sums from tlrc lcvics hid down in Aniclc 50 of rhe Trcety for finrncid eid limcd rr faciliudng rhc

following technicrl rcscerch projecu.

tlrr<.lcr Aniclc {tl of rhc 1'rcary, arrociarionr of c.tmprnier in rhc F.CSC lre cntitlcd ro

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undcrnrnrirrncd rubjccrr of conrulrltion.

ll-4.n,,r.t.{

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Any obrcnrtionr rhould bc rtccivcd by rhc Commirion not lrrcr thrn t0

!ffif;

(,n

I

_{ln"t"tLurgicaI}

aspccts

of

poudcrcd

_coal

_InJect{on

_In

_thc

I

btast

furnacc

I

lletast

{urnrct

coat

lnJcctlon

I

Computcr

control

of

a

univcrsal

bcam

nllt

Zeeman

cffcct

on background

corrcction during

atomlc and absorption spectrometry ana[ysis

System

for

Inspcction and reconditioning

_{of strrt}

pro-duct s

Anntysis

_of

_ctements

_in

_very

_{smatt ccncentrations by} couptcd lurnace and ptasma

torch

spcctrometry

0n-tlnc

thickness

profite

measurcncnt on

hot

yide

strip

Opticat

inspectlon

_of

thc surfact

of

hot continuousty

cast

semis

I nteg rated cont i nuous

Present prospects

_for

_the

devetopmcnt

of

constructionaL

steeIs

and

their

tredtment

4T7.OOO

267.N0

e01.600

81.300

?9A.800

124.500

4 co 6oo

316.400

1E4.500

2e5.900

system

of

chemicat anatysis

to

monltor thc

casting

of

atumlnium-klttod steet

tb

Use

of

stcel

in

c haractcri rt _{i cs}

thc

for

motor

flnitc tifc

lnd-stry

dcsign

yith th"

crltcril

ncccssary