Radiation protection programme. Progress report 1990-91. EUR 14927 DE/EN/FR

* *

Commission of the European Communities

EURATOM

RADIATION PROTECTION

PROGRAMME

PROGRESS REPORT

1990-91

i

KOMMISSIONENFORDEEUROPÆISKEFÆLLESSKABER KOMMISSIONDEREUROPÄISCHEN GEMEINSCHAFTEN

ΕΠΙΤΡΟΠΗΤΩΝΕΥΡΩΠΑΪΚΩΝ ΚΟΙΝΟΤΗΤΩΝ COMMISSION OFTHEEUROPEANCOMMUNITIES COMMISSION DESCOMMUNAUTÉS EUROPÉENNES

COMMISSIONEDELLECOMUNITÀEUROPEE COMMISSIEVANDEEUROPESEGEMEENSCHAPPEN

COMISSÃODASCOMUNIDADESEUROPEIAS

EURATOM

Relación

de

actividades

Programa

PROTECCIÓN

RADIOLÓGICA

Beretning

Program

STRÅLINGSBESKYTTELSE

Tätigkeitsbericht

Programm

STRAHLENSCHUTZ

'Εκθεση

πεπραγμένων

Πρ

όγραμμα

ΠΡΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ

ΑΠΟ

ΑΚΤΙΝΟΒΟΛΙΕΣ

Progress

report

RADIATION

PROTECTION

Programme

Rapport

d'activité

­,

Programme

f

r;

..L.

Lüra.H.

biblic'.h.

RADIOPROTECTION

:

­

Rapporto

d'attività

Programma

RADIOPROTEZIONE

¿wHii­l·

'·1.

Verslag

van

de

werkzaamheden

Programma

STRALINGSBESCHERMING

.

.

<¿

(

­

"

Relatório

de

actividades

Programa

RADIOPROTECÇÃO

1990­91

Published by the

COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES Directorate-General XIII

Telecommunications, Information Market and Exploitation of Research L-2920 Luxembourg

HINWEIS

Weder die Kommission der Europäischen Gemeinschaften noch Personen, die im Namen dieser Kommission handeln, sind für die etwaige Verwendung der

nachstehenden Informationen verantwortlich.

LEGAL NOTICE

Neither the Commission of the European Communities nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use which might be made of

the following information

AVERTISSEMENT

Ni la Commission des Communautés européennes, ni aucune personne agissant au nom de la Commission n'est responsable

de l'usage qui pourrait être fait des informations ci-après.

Bibliographische Daten befinden sich am Ende der Veröffentlichung. Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication

Une fiche bibliographique figure à la fin de l'ouvrage.

Luxembourg: Office for Officiai Publications of the European Communities, 1993

ISBN 92-826-6199-7

I N H A L T S V E R Z E I C H N I S

T A B L E OF C O N T E N T S

Page

I. Einlcitung/Introduction 1

Π. Mitglieder und Experten 1990­91

Beratender Verwaltungs und Koordinierungsausschuss "Strahlcnschutz" Members and Experts 1990­91

Management and Coordination Advisory Committee "Radiation Protection" Membres et Experts 1990­91

Comité Consultatif en matière de Gestion et de Coordination "Radioprotcction" 9 ΠΙ. Forschungstätigkcit Strahlcnschutz

Research in Radiation Protection

Recherche en Radioprotcction 13

A. EXPOSITION DES MENSCHEN DURCH STRAHLEN UND RADIOACTIVITÄT HUMAN EXPOSURE TO RADIATION AND RADIOACTIVITY

EXPOSITION DE L'HOMME AUX RAYONNEMENTS ET À LA RADIOACTIVITÉ 15

Al Measurement of Radiation Doso and its Interpretation

BÌ6­026­A1 17

Collaboration on research and development concerned with the methodology and data in radiation dosimetry.

1 Dietze EURADOS­CENDOS

Βίβ­322­Al 23

Quantities, units and measurement techniques for ionizing radiation. 1 Allisy ICRU

Bi6­347a­All 27

The implementation of the operational dose quantities into radiation protection dosimetry (NRPB Association).

1 O'Riordan NRPB 2 Marshall AEA Technology

3 Lembo ENEA 4 Chartier CEA ­ FAR

BÍG­302­A12 33

Development of high sensitivity spcctromctric alpha emitter detector for use in monitoring of enviromment and radioprotcction

1 Franconi Univ. di Studi Roma

BÌ6­303­A12 (notarrived)

Development of an universal personal dosimeter using semiconductor sensors for mixed radiation fields

1 Uggerhøj Univ. Aarhus

BÌG­304­A12 45

Development of an universal personal dosimeter using semiconductor sensors for mixed radiation fields

BÌ6-305-A12 53 Development of an universal personal dosimeter using semiconductor sensors for mixed radiation

fields

1 Kramer PTB Braunschweig

BÍ6-306-A12 67 Development of an universal personal dosimeter using semiconductor sensors for mixed radiation

fields

1 Furetto Univ. Rome "La Sapienza*

BÌ6-307-A12 73 Development of an universal personal dosimeter using semiconductor sensors for mixed radiation

fields

1 Goebel CERN Genove

BÌ7-020-A12 83 Study and development of an individual electronic neutron doscmctcr.

1 Vareille Univ. Limoges

2 Tommasino ENEA 3 Zamani-Valasiadou Univ. Thessaloniki 4 Barthe CEA - FAß

5 Fernández Moreno Univ. Barcelona Autónoma

BÍ7-025-A12 103 Use of the varianco-covarianco method in radiation protection.

1 Kellerer Univ. München

2 Lindborg Nat.Inst.Radiation Protection 3 Jessen Univ. Aarhus

BÍ7-027-A12 113 The measurement of environmental gamma doses

1 Bøtter-Jensen Risø National Laboratory 2 Lauterbach PTB 3 Delgado Martínez CIEMAT

BÍ7-028-A12 129 Dosimetry of beta and low-energy photon radiation using extrapolation chambers and thin solid

state dosimeters.

1 Christensen Risø National Laboratory 2 Chartier CEA - FAR

3 Herbaut CEA - Grenoble

4 Francis NRPB

BÌ7-030-A12 143 The use of microdosimctric methods for the determination of dose equivalent quantities and of

basic data for dosimetry.

1 Grillmaicr Univ. Saarlandes

2 Brede PTB 3 Zoetelicf TNO - Rijswijk

BÌ7­031­A12 159 Determination andrealisationofcalibrationfields forneutron protectiondosimetryasderived

fromspectraencounteredinroutinesurveillance.

1Klein PTB

2Thomas NPL

3Chartier CEA­FAR

4Schraube GSF

BÍ7­021­A13 775

Calculationandmeasurementofdosesfromparticulateradioactivesource.

1Charles NuclearElectric

2Ilerbaut CEA ­Grenoble

3Patau Univ.ToulouseΙΠ

Bi6­347b­A14 191

Thecalculationofdosesfromintakesofradionuclidesbyinhalationoringestion implementation oftheoperationaldosequantitiesintoradiation protectiondosimetry (NRPBAssociation).

1Bailey NRPB

2Kendall NRPB

3Stahlhofen GSF

4Roy CEA­FAR

5Patrick MRC

6Kaul Bundesamt für Strahlcnschutz

7Taylor KfK

BÍ7­024­A14 207

Theassessmentofinternaldose:theestablishmentofregistriesofdoseassessment,autopsydata andmodels

1Gibson AEATechnology

BÍ7­029­A14 213

Assessmentofinternal dosefromradionuclidesusingstableisotopetracertechniquesinman.

1Roth GSF

2Molho Univ.Milano

3Hislop AEATechnology

4Taylor KfK

5Henrichs GSF

A2 TransferandBehaviourofRadionuclidesintheEnvironment

Bie­052­A2 225

Promotion offormation andexchange ofinformation inradioecology (International Unionof Radioccologists).

1Myttenaere IUR

BÍ6­191­A21 229

Transfer processes and modellingofplutonium species and gamma emitters in the Scheldt estuary;redoxandorganicspeciationinrelationtoaqueousandparticulate fractionation

1Hcip DeltaInstitute

BiG-200-A21 253 Studies of the geochimical behaviour of artificial and natural radionuclides in coastal waters

1 Pentreath Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food

BÌ6-234-A21 269 Artificial radionuclides transfer from tho Rhone Delta to tho Mediterranean

1 Martin Institut de Biogcochimic Marino

Bi7-008-A21 283 Modelling the transport of radionuclides through the freshwater environment

1 Hilton Nat.Centre for Marine Research 2 Galvão LNETI 3 Cremers Univ. Leuven (KUL) 4 Foulquier CEA - Cadaracho

5 Pieri Univ. Nantes

6 Belli ENEA 7 Vanderborght Rijksunivers. Centrum Antwerpen

8 Serrano Univ. Malaga 9 Hambuckers - Bcrhin Univ. Liege

BÍ7-042-A21 331 Radioccology of transuranics in the marino environment.

1 Mitchell Univ. College Dublin

2 Iranzo CIEMAT

3 Gucgucniat CEA - Cherbourg

4 Damiani ENEA

Bi7-006-A22 347

Behaviour of Polonium-210 and Lcad-210 in European marine environments. Application of bioindica tors.

1 Köster RIVM 2 Guegucniat CEA - Cherbourg

3 Duursma NIOZ 4 Galvão L N E T I

Bi6-053-A23 359

Simulation of trasfer via the soil-plant food chain after accidental release 1 Führ KFA

Bi6-05& A23 373 Investigation of the behaviour of radioiodine in aquatic and terrestrial environments under the

influence of biogeochemical processes

1 Moser GSF

BÍ6-189-A23 385 Conversion of elemental tritium (IIT) in agriculturally used soils, oxidation of UT to IITO and

synthesis to organically bound tritium (IITO)

Bi6­293­A23 405 Behaviour of long­lived radionuclides in soil­plant systems of the mediterranean region 1 Apostolakis NCRS "Demokritos"

Bi6­339­A23 421

Biogeochemical pathways of artificial radionuclides

1 Warner SCOPE­RADPATH

Bi6­345­A23 427

Transfer and conversion mechanisms of II­3 and C­14 compounds in the local environment. 1 Bunnenberg Inst. Radioökologie Niedersachsen

Bi7­011­A23 431

The bio­availability of long­lived radionuclides in relation to their physico­chemical form in soils 1 Lembrechts RIVM

2 Wilkins NRPB 3 Sandalls AEA Technology

4 Cremers Univ. Leuven (KUL)

Bi7­018­A24 447

Factors affecting radiocaesium transfer to ruminants. 1 Howard Inst. Terrestrial Ecology 2 Vandecastccle CEN/SCK Mol

3 Mayes McAulay Land Use Research Inst. 4 Belli ENEA 5 Stakelum Agricult. Food Development Auth. 6 Colgan NEB 7 Assimakopoulos Univ. Ioannina

8 Unsworth Univ. Nottingham

θ Jones Univ. Agricultural Sci. of Sweden

Bi7­009­A25 475

Deposition of radionuclides on tree canopies and their subsequent fate. 1 Minski Imperial College Science, Techn.,Med. 2 Belot CEA ­ FAR

3 Rauret Univ. Catalunya ­ Politécnica 4 Ronncau Univ. Catholique Louvain ­ LLN

Bi7­016­A25 487 Behaviour of Cs and Sr in natural ecosystems and the potential radiation exposure of their

extensive use.

1 Wirth Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz 2 Guillitto Univ. Liege

3 Palo Univ. Agricultural Sci. of Sweden 4 Nimis Univ. Trieste

5 Bergman Swedish Defense Research Establish. 6 Wickman Univ. Umeå

7 Melin Nat.Instit. of Radiation Protection

BÌ7­044­A25 577 Radioecologyofseminaturalecosystems.

1Colgan NEB

2Horrill NERC

3Aarkrog RisøNational Laboratory 4Johanson Univ.AgriculturalSci.ofSweden

BÌ6­325­A26 533

Rehabilitation ofsoilandsurfaceafteranaccident(RESSAC)(CEAAssociation)

1Grauby CEA­Cadamene

BÌ6­326­A26 539

Designanddevelopmentofaskimandburialploughforreclamationofcontaminatedland

1Roed RisøNationalLaboratory

BÍ6­327­A26 551

Studyofthetransferofaccidentallyreleasedradionuclidesinagriculturalproductswiththeaim ofdevelopingappropriate countcrmcasurcs

1Kirchmann FacScicncesAgronom.Gembloux

BÍ6­329­A26 565

Chemicaltreatmentstoreducethetransferofcaesiumradioisotopestothehumanfoodchain after αseriousnuclearaccident

1Silva Univ.Milano­SacroCuore(Gemelli)

BÌ7­046­A26 579

Transfer ofaccidentallyreleasedradionuclidesinagriculturalsystems (TARRAS)

1Concio CIEMAT

2Maubcrt CEA­Cadarache

3Raurct Univ.Barcelona,Fac.Química

4Colle CEA­Cadarache

5Derwent AEATechnology

6Grandison Univ.Reading

7Gutierrez CIEMAT

B. FOLGEN DER STRAHLENEXPOSITION DES MENSCHEN; IHRE ABSCHÄTZUNG, VERHÜNTUNG UNDBEHANDLUNG

CONSEQUENCES OF RADIATION EXPOSURE TO MAN; ΤΙΓΕΠΙ ASSESSMENT, PREVENTIONANDTREATMENT.

CONSEQUENCES POUR L'HOMME DE L'EXPOSITION AUX RAYONNEMENTS,

EVALUATION,PREVENTIONETTRAITEMENT 601

BÍ6­099­B 603

Latesomaticeffectsofionizingradiationonthemammalian organism.

B1 StochasticEffectsofRadiation

Bi7­032­B11 615

Biophysicalmodelsfortheeffectivenessofdifferent radiations.

1Paretzke GSF

2Goodhead MRC

3Terrissol ADPA

4Leenhouts RIVM

BÌ7­040­B11 635

Specificationofradiationqualityatthenanometerlevel.

1Colautti INFN ­Legnare

2Watt Univ.St.Andrews

3Harder Univ.Göttingen

4Leuthold GSF

δIzzo Univ.diStudiRoma

Bi7­022­B12 651

Individualradiosensitivityanditsrelationtocolo­rcctalcancer

1Dutrillaux. Inst.Curie

2Léonard Univ.CatholiqueLouvain

3Rueff NewUniv.ofLisbonUNL

Bi7­026­B12 663

ThegeneticandbiochemicalbasisofhumanDNArepairand radiosensitivity

1Lohman Univ.Leiden

2Bridges MRC

3Bootsma Univ.Rotterdam­Erasmus

4Moustacchi Inst.Curie

5Thacker MRC

Bi6­225­B13/Bi6­166/Bi6­223/Bi6­146/Bi6­171 631

Evaluationofthefrequenciesofchromosomalaberrationsinduced inhumanblood lymphocytes bylowdosesofneutrons.

1Lloyd NRPB (BÌ6­225)

2Nntarajan Univ.Leiden (Bi6­1GG)

3Obe Univ.Essen (BÌ6­223)

4Verschaeve CEN/SCKMol(BiG­146)

5Pnlitti ConsiglioNazionaledolleRicerche(BiG­171)

Bi6­312­B13 683

Formationofmicronucleiinhuman lymphocytesafterpartialandwholebodyirradiation

1Streffer Univ.Essen

Bi6­206­B13 689

Anewanalysisofradiation­induced cytogeneticdamageinhuman lymphocytesusingthePCC technique, and its implications for biological dosimetry and the undestnnding ofcell­cycle­ dependent radiosensitivity fluctuations

1Zannos NCRS"Demokritos"

Bi6-338-B13 701

Cytological follow-up of individuals exposed in the Goiania (Brazil) accident

1 Natarajan Univ. Leiden

Bi7-023-B13 709 Evaluation of existing and development of new human epithelial cell transformation systems and

determination of their potential in radiation protection studies.

1 Seymour NEB 2 Riches Univ. St.Andrews 3 Pertusa Univ. Valencia

Bi7-033-B13 721

Cellular and molecular studies on radiation quality: a comparison between genetically relevant damage and cell inactivation.

1 Kraft GSI 2 Sideris NCRS "Dcmokritos"

3 Lloyd NRPB 4 Natarajan Univ. Leiden

Bi7-034-B13 729

Radiation induced processes in mammalian cells: principles of response modification and involvement in carcinogenesis.

1 Van der Eb Univ. Leiden

2 Sarasin CNRS 3 Devoret CNRS 4 Rommelaere ULB Rhode St.Gcnèse

5 Bertazzoni Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche 6 Thomou-Politi NCRS "Dcmokritos"

Bi7-035-B13/Bi6-004/Bi6-075 747 Methodology for the analysis of radiation carcinogenesis studies and application to ongoing

experiments.

1 Broerse IIosp. Academic Leiden 2 Chmelevsky GSF 3 Masse CEA - FAR

4 Morin CEA - FAR 5 Zürcher TNO - Rijswijk 6 van Bekkum TNO - Rijswijk 7 Coppola ENEA (Bi6-004) 8 Broerse. TNO - Rijswijk <Bi6-075)

Bi7-036-B13 767 Molecular and cellular effects of protons, douterons and alpha-particles.

1 Moschini INFN - Frascati 2 Goodhead MRC 3 Belli. Istituto Superiore di Sanità

Bi7-037-B13 779 Cellular and molecular mechanisms of radiation-induced myeloid leukaemia in the mouse.

1 Janowski CEN/SCK Mol

BÌ7­038­B13 785 Automateddetectionof radiation inducedchromosomeaberrationsbyslit­scan flow cytometry.

1Barendsen Univ. Amsterdam

2Green MRCHumanGenetics Unit

3Nüsse GSF

4Bauchinger GSF

5Aubele GSF

BÌ7­0039­B13 805

Studiesonbasicandappliedaspectsofradiation­inducedchromosomalaberrationsinhumancells

1Natarajan Univ. Leiden

2Savage MRC

3Olivieri Univ.Roma"LaSapienza" 4Cortés­Bonavides Univ.Sevilla

5Bryant Univ. St.Andrews

8Feinendegen KFA

9Johanson Univ. Agricult.Sci.Sweden 10Ehrenberg Univ. Stockholm

11Palitti Univ. Tuscia

BÌ7­043­B13 829

Measurement oftransformation ofC3II10T1/2cellsbylowdosesofionizingradiation.

1Morgan AEA Technology

2Mill Nuclear Electric

3Kellerer Univ. München

4Frankenberg GSF

5TalloneLombardi Univ.Milano

Bi6­156­B14/Bi6­143/Bi6­166/BiG­069/Bi6­077/Bi7048/Bi7­052 863

Radiation­inducedgeneticeffectsingermcellsofmammals

1Ehling GSF (BÌ6­J56)

2Cattanach MRC (BÌ6­143)

3VanBuul Univ.Leiden (BÌ6­166)

4Jacquet CEN/SCKMol (BA6­069)

5Streffer Univ.Essen<Bi6­077) 6VanderSchans TNO­Rijswijk (Βί7ι04β) 7DeRooij Univ.Utrecht (BJ7­052)

BÌG­226­B14 893

Studies on spontaneously­arising genetic and partially genetic disorders in man within the frameworko ftheevaluationofgeneticradiation hazards.

1Lohman Univ. Leiden

BÌ7­002­B15/BÌ6­089/BÌ6­/064 897

Osteosarcomaandtumoursofthehaemopoieticsystemmbylow­dose irradiation.

1Höfler GSF

2Höfler. Univ.München ­Technische

3Erfle GSF

4SkouPedersen Univ. Aarhus

5Schoeters CEN/SCKMol

6Bentvelzen TNO ­Rijswijk

7Harrison NRPB (BÌ6­089)

8Humphreys MRC (BÌ6­064)

B2 Non­stochasticEffectsofRadiation

Bi6­061­B21/Bi6­0657Bi6­079/Bi6­059 921

Europeannetworkofexperimentalandclinicalresearchofradiationaccidentcasualties

1Fliedner Univ.Ulm(Bi6­061)

2Jammet CIR(Βi6­065)

3vanBekkum TNO­Riswijk(Bi6­079)

4Doria ENEA(Bi6­059)

Bi6­347e­B22 947

Thereductionoftherisksoflateeffectsfromincorporatedradionuclides(NRPBAssociation)

1Stradling NRPB

2Volf KfK

3Métivier CEA­Bruyères­le­Chàtcl

4Burgada ADFAC

5Peetermans Univ.Antwerpen

Bi6­063­B23/bi6­058 959

Radiationeffectsonskinandsubcutaneoustissues:implicationsforradiationprotectioncriteria andthetreatment oflocalizedaccidentalover­exposure

1Hopewell Univ.Oxford(BiG­063)

2Daburon CEA­FAR(BiG­058)

BÍ7­049­B23 969

European clinicalresearchonpracticalprotocolsforthediagnosticsandtreatmentoflocalized overexposure

1Góngora Inst.Curio

2Strambi ENEA

3Herranz­Crespo IIosp.GeneralMarañón

Bi6­060­B24 981

RBEfornormaltissuesatlowdosesandlowdosesfraction innormaland potentiallysensitive populations,withemphasisonparenchymalandvasculardamageinlateandchronicradiation damage.

1Field MRCCyclotron Unit

BÍ7­005­B24 993

Irradiationandthyroiddisease.

1Dumont Univ.Bruxelles(ULB)

2Malone FederatedDublinVol.IIosp.

3Smyth Univ.Dublin­College

B3 RadiationEffects ontheDevelopingOrganism

Bi7­003­B31 1009

Effects ofradiationonthedevelopmentofthecentralnervoussystem

1Rcyners CEN/SCKMol

Bi7­001­B32 1017 Dysfunction andneoplasiasofhacmopoicticandosteogenictissuefollowingexternalirradiation

orbone­seekingradionuclidecontaminationinuteroorduringneonataldevelopment

1Humphreys MUC

2Vnndenheuvel CEN/SCKMol

3Lord South ManchesterHealth Auth.

4vanBekkum TNO­Rijswijk

5Tejero Univ.Madrid­Complutense

6Bueren CIEMAT

BÍ6­310­B33 1037

Foetal dosimetry:measurements ofthe effects inducedafter in utero chronicirradiation as a functionofdose­rateandgestationage

1Métivier CEA­FAß

Bi6­347d­B33 1047

Thedosimetryandeffectsoffetalirradiationfromincorporatedradionuclides(NRPBAssociation)

1Harrison NRPB

2Henshaw Univ.Bristol

3Coffigny CEA­FAR

C. RISIKENDERSTRAHLENEXPOSITIONUNDHIRE BEWÄLTIGUNG RISKSANDMANAGEMENTOFRADIATION PROTECTION

RISQUESETGESTIONDEL'EXPOSITIONAUXRAYONNEMENTS 1057

Cl AssessmentofHumanExposureandRisks

Bi6­213­Cll/Bi7­053/Bi6­229/Bi6­lll/BiG­116 1059

Statisticsofhumanexposureand analysisofregistrydata

1Muirhead NRPB(BÌ6­213)

2Regulla GSF(Bi7­053)

3Artalejo CIEMAT(Bi6­229)

4Jacobi GSF(Bi6­lll)

5Stather NRPB(Bi6­116)

Bi6­344­C12 1077

DesignandrealisationofηcalibrationdeviceforRn­222anditsshort­liveddaughterproductsin air

1Charuau CEA­FAR

Bi6­347f­C12/BiG­114/Bi6­314/BiG­208 1089

RadonBourcesandmodels(NRPBAssociation)

1O'Riordan NRPB

2DeMeijer Univ.Groningen

3Damkjaer Univ.Denmark­Tech. 4Majborn RisøNational Laboratory

5Wouters CSTC

6DeJong TNO

7Ball NERC

8Proukakis Univ.Athens

9Enflo Nat.Instit.Rad.Protoction 10Kollos NCRS"Demokritos"(Bi6­114) 11QuindósPoncela Univ.Santander(Bi6­314)

12Galvão LNETI(Bi6­208)

BÌ7-013-C12 1129 Retrospective assessment of radon exposure from long-lived decay products.

1 Samuelsson Univ. Lund

2 Jonassen Univ. Denmark Tech.

3 Falk Nat.Instit.Rad.Protection 4 Poffijn Univ. Gent

5 Vanmarcke CEN/SCK Mol 6 McLaughlin Univ. Dublin

BÍ7-047-C12 1145 Characteristics of radon- and thoron daughters aerosols.

1 Porstendörfor Univ. Göttingen 2 Poffijn Univ. Gent 3 Vanmarcke CEN/SCK Mol 4 Aksclsson Univ. Lund 5 Tymen Univ. Brest

6 Falk Nat.Instit.Radiation Protection 7 Ortega Univ. Catalunya - Politécnica

BÍ6-122-C13 1163 Consequences of irradiation of population and workers. (CEA Association)

1 Uzzan CEA - FAR

BÍ7-004-C13 1169 Comparative assessment and management of the health and environmental impact of energy

systems and studies related to the expression of the detriment associated with radiation exposure. 1 Lochard CEPN

2 Wrixon NRPB 3 Kemp Univ. East Anglia

4 Friedrich Univ. Stuttgart 5 Anguenot CEA - FAR

BÍ6-126-C14 1185 Statistical methods for the analysis of geographical correlations, application to the analysis of tho

correlation between population radiation exposure and cancer mortality 1 Hémon INSERM U.12

BÍ6-221-C14 1191 Epidemiological studies of radiation carcinogenesis and its biophysical basis

(German Ra-224 study)

1 Gössner GSF

BÍ6-298-C14/BÍ6-333 1199 Thorotrast: investigations to evaluate the long-term effects caused by artificial radiation in man

(thorotrast patients follow-up study in Germany and Denmark) 1 Van Knick Deutsches Krebsforschungsz. 2 Jensen Danish Cancer Society (BÍ6-333)

BÍ6-313-C14 1211 Epidemiologic study on respiratory cancer among miners with low dose radiation exposures.

BÌ6-319-C14 1219 Survey on childhood leukaemia.

1 Kaldor IARC

Bi6-347h-C14 1243 Statistical studies of radiation risks (NRPB Association)

1 Muirhead NRPB 2 Kellerer Univ. München

3 Chmelevsky GSF 4 Oberhausen Univ. Saarlandes 5 Holm Inst. Karolinska 6 Becciolini Univ. Firenze

BÌ7-007-C14/BÌ6-295 1255 Radon and Lung Cancer in the Ardennes and Eifel Region

1 Poffijn Univ. Gent 2 Tirmarche CEA - FAR 3 Wichmann Univ. Wuppertal

4 Kayser Dir.de la Sante Div. Radioprot. 5 Darby Imperial Cancer Research Fund. 6 Jacobi GSF 7 Clarke NRPB (BiG-295)

8 Tirmarcho CEA - FAR

C2 Optimization and Management of Radiation Protection

BÍ6-324-C2 1275 Development of fundamental data for radiation protection

1 Smith ICRP

BÍ6-347Í-C21 1279 Application of ALARA in complex decision-mailing situations (NRPB Association)

1 Wrixon NRPB 2 Lochard CEPN 3 Meggitt SRD

BÌ6-299-C22 1291 Dose assessment and quality assurance in diagnostic radiology.

1 Galváo LNETI

BÍ6-317-C22 1307 The impact from quality assurance on dose reduction in computerized tomography in Denmark.

1 Jessen Aarhus University Hospital

BÌ6-342-C22 1317 Establishment of a common protocol for tho uso of a whole body counter

1 Schmitt-Hannig Bundesamt für Strahlcnschutz 2 Proukakis Univ. Athens

3 Barbina Centro di Recerca c Document. 4 Cunningham NEB

Bi6-347g-C22 1323

Reduction of patient exposure in medical diagnostic radiology. Dosimetry and risk

1 Wall NRPB 2 Drexler GSF 3 Kramer PTB 4 Brooree. TNO - Rijswijk

BÍ7-014-C22/BÍ6-343 1337

Quality criteria, tolerances, limiting values, dosimetry and optimization in a number of fluoroscopic, digital fluoroscopic, DSA and digital radiological systems.

1 Malone IIosp. Federated Dublin Volunt 2 Boddy/Faulkner Regional Radiation Physics Newcastle 3 Busch Univ. Heidelberg

4 Schmidt Univ. Erlangen- Nürnberg (Bi6-343)

Bi7-019/Bi6-132-22/Bi6-136/Bi6-211/Bi6-214 1353

Quality assurance and reduction of patient exposure.

1 Fagnani CAATS-INSERM (Bi6-132)

2 Moores Integrated Radiological Scrv. Liverpool 3 Alm Carlsson Univ. Linköping

4 Dance Hosp. Royal Marsden 5 Proimos Univ. Patras

6 Flioni-Vyza Greek Anticancer Institute 7 Rimondi Univ. Ferrara

8 Fendei Univ. München - Kinderklinik (BiG-211) 9 Vano Carruana Univ. Madrid - Complutense (Bi6-214) 10 Padovani Serv. Fisica Sanit. Udine (Bi6-136)

Bi7-054-C22 1387

Diagnosis related doses: a comparative investigation in some European hospitals

1 Van Loon Univ. Bruxelles (VUB) 2 Thijssen Univ. Nijmegen

Bi7-057-C22 1393

Patient dose from radiopharmaceuticals

1 Mattsson Univ. Lund

2 Smith. MRC 3 Henrichs GSF

BÌ6-297-C24 (not arrived)

Regional real time modelling of atmospheric transport and its coupling to transfer and dosimetric models with a view to the evaluation of the consequences of nuclear accidents

1 Senye Univ. Catalunya - Politécnica

Bi6-128-C24/BiG/127/Bi6-125/BiG-227 1401

Methodology for evaluating the radiological consequences of radioactive materials released in accidents including uncertainty analysis and economic impact.

1 Kessler KfK (Bi6-128) 2 Cooper NRPB (Bi6-127) 3 Hofer GRS (BÌ6-125)

BÌ7­010­C24 1421 Deposition ofradionuclides and theirsubsequent relocation in theenvironment following an

accidentalreleasetotheatmosphere.

1Underwood AEATechnology

2Roed RisøNational Laboratory

3Paretzke GSF

4Nixon AEATechnology

BÍ7­012­C24 1435

RADE­AID,thedevelopmentofαRadiologicalAccidentDEcisionAIDingsystem.

1Wagennar TNO­Apeldoorn

2Ehrhardt KfK

3Morrey NRPB

BÌ7­015­C24 1441

Indoordepositionandrelationshipbetweenindoorandoutdoorairconcentration

1Roed RisøNational Laboratory

2Goddard ICSTM

BÍ7­017­C24 1447

Validation­ training­and uncertainty­study experiments for real­timeatmospheric dispersion models.

1Mikkelsen RisøNational Laboratory 2Werner DLRDeutscheForschungsanst.

BÍ7­045­C24/BÍ6­106 1457

Developmentofacomprehensivedecision­aidingsystemfortheoff­siteemergency management.

1Ehrhardt KfK

2Robeau CEA­Fontonay­aux­Roscs

3Bartzis NCRS"Demoltritos"

4Caracciolo ENEA

5ApSimon ICSTM

6Thykicr­Niclscn RisøNational Laboratory

7Paretzke GSF

8Persson Swedish Metoorol.IIydrol.Inst.

9Goevarts SCK/CEN(BiG­106)

Γ7. Koordinierungstätigkeit Coordination activities

Activitésdocoordination 1487

V. ­ERPET­

EuropäischeAus­undFortbildungaufdemGebietdesStrahlcnschutzcs EuropeanRadiationProtectionEducation andTraining

EnseignementetformationeuropéensenRadioprotoction 1521

VI. AuswahleinigeraufVeranlassungderKommissionerschienener Veröffentlichungen SelectionofpublicationsissuedontheinitiativeoftheCommission

Choixdespublicationséditéeshl'initiative delaCommission 1529

VII. ListedesAcronymeund Abkürzungen Listofacronymsandabbreviations

Listedesacronymesetdosabréviations 1563

VIII. VerzeichnisdorForschungsgruppenlcitei· Listofresearchgroupsleaders

Indexdeschefsdegroupesdorecherche 1567

E I N L E I T U N G

I N T R O D U C T I O N

DE

VORWORT

In dem Bericht 1990/1991 über den Stand des Forschungs-und Ausbildungsprogramms der Europäischen Atomgemeinschaft auf dem Gebiet des Sirahlenschutzes sind die Ergebnisse aus dem ersten Jahr des Programms 1990-1991 zusammengefaßt. Bei diesem Programm handelt es sich um das erste Strahlenschutzprogramm, das durch multinationale Forschungsvorhaben unter Beteiligung mehrerer Partner durchgeführt wurde. Die Berichte werden daher nach dieser neuen Struktur erstellt. Jeder Bericht enthält einen Überblick über die in der Gruppe erzielten Fortschritte, gefolgt von den individuellen Ergebnissen der einzelnen Gruppcnmitglieder. Aus einem Budget von 21,2 Mio. ECU wurden im Rahmen des Programms 137 multinationale Vorhaben unter Beteiligung mehrerer Partner mit insgesamt 347 Einzeltätigkcitcn finanziert. Die neue Organisationsstruktur scheint sich bestens zu bewähren; es war eine aktive und begeisterte Zusammenarbeit zwischen den Partnern in den für die Vorhaben verantwortlichen Gruppen zu beobachten. Jede multinationale, mehrere Partner umfassende Gruppe hat einen Koordinator, der für den Kontakt mit den Komissionsdicnststellen verantwortlich ¡st. Das gute Funktionieren der neuen Organisation ist weitgehend der konstruktiven Einstellung der Koordinatoren zu verdanken. An dem Programm war auch Schweden beteiligt; schwedische Wissenschaftler haben an mehreren multinationalen Vorhaben mitgewirkt.

Leider hat sich der Abschluß der neuen Verträge infolge der verspäteten Programmentscheidung um einige Monate verzögert, so daß es nicht möglich war, die Fortschrittsberichte wie sonst üblich zum Jahresende zu erhalten. Sie wurden erst Mitte 1991 eingeholt, als die meisten Vorhaben bereits ein volles Jahr liefen. In einigen Fällen wurden Verträge aus dem Programm von 1985-89 als Einzelverträge verlängert, aber soweit möglich wurden die Bcrichteübcr diese Verträge in diesem Bericht zusammenfassend mit berücksichtigt.

Die Berichte sind nach dem Inhalt des neuen Programms in drei Hauptbereiche gegliedert:

A) Slrahlcn-und Radioaktivitätsexposition des Menschen

1. Messungen der Strahlendosis und ihre interpretation. 2. Transfer und Verhalten von Radionukliden in der Umwelt.

B) Folgen der Strahlencxposilion des Menschen; ihre Abschätzung, Verhütung und Behandlung

1. Stochastische Wirkungen von Strahlen. 2. Nicht stochastische Wirkungen von Strahlen.

3. Strahlenwirkungen auf den sich entwickelnden Organismus.

C) Risiken der Strahlencxposilion und ihre Bewältigung

1. Abschätzung der Sirahlenexposition des Menschen und ihrer Risiken. 2. Optimierung und Durchführung des Slrahlcnschulzcs.

Strahlenbelastung von Patienten in der medizinischen Röntgendiagnostik). Wie die Ergebnisse zeigen, war es trotz des breiten thematischen Spektrums und der begrenzten Haushaltsmittel möglich, ein kohärentes, umfassendes Programm zu wahren. Die Politik zur Förderung des Informationsaustauschs und der Zusammenarbeit zwischen Wissenschaftlern wurde bewußt fortgesetzt: neben 42 Sitzungen von Studiengruppen mit Vertragspartnern und geladenen Sachverständigen wurden 13 internationale Seminare und Workshops veranstaltet. Die 13 Protokolle dieser Veranstaltungen und die Veröffentlichungen über die Vertragsarbeiten sind ein Beweis für die bedeutende Rolle der europäischen Forschung auf dem Gebiet des Strahlenschutzes. Durch die Einführung multinationaler Vorhaben mit mehreren Partnern wurde die bereits durch frühere Programme erfolgreich geförderte Zusammenarbeit zwischen Wissenschaftlern auf dem Gebiet des Strahlcnschutzcs konsolidiert. Im Rahmen des Programms konnten die Gemeinsamen Absichtserklärungen mit den USA und Kanada weiter erfüllt und die Kontakte zu internationalen Organisationen und Ländern außerhalb der Gemeinschaft fortgesetzt werden. Ein Briefwechsel zwischen der KEG und der Radialion Effects Research Foundation (RERF) in Hiroshima bietet jetzt die Möglichkeil zu einer intensiveren Zusammenarbeit mit japanischen Kollegen.

Ein wichtiger neuer Aspekt des Programms ist die Entwicklung einer koordinierten Bildungspolitk im Rahmen von European Radiation Protection Education and Training (ERPET), die dazu dienen soll, einen repräsentativen Querschnitt an Fachkenntnis zu erhallen und die beruflichen Möglichkeiten junger Wissenschaftler zu fördern, die sich in den Strahlenschutz einarbeiten. In den vergangenen 17 Monaten wurden sieben Ausbildungskursc abgehallen, bei denen es sowohl um den allgemeinen Slrahlcnschtz als auch um speziellere Themen wie Radioökologie und Bewältigung von nuklearen Störfällcn ging.

S. Finzi

Direktor GD XII.D

Forschung über nukleare Sicherheit

A.E.Bennett Direktor GD XI.A

Nukleare Sicherheit, Industrie und Umwelt, Katastrophcnschulzt

J.Sinnaeve

EN

PREFACE

The 1990/1991 Progress Report of the Radiation Protection Programme of the Commission of the European Communities summarises the results from the first year of the 1990-1991 programme. This programme was the first radiation protection programme implemented through multi-national, multi-partner research projects and the reports are consequently presented according to this new structure. Each report presents an overview of the progress achieved in the group followed by the individual results from each of the group members. The programme funded 137 multi-national, multi-partner proposals involving 347 individual activities from a budget of 21.2 MECU. The experience with the new type of management has been extremely positive and there has been an active and enthusiastic collaboration between the different partners within the groups. Each multi-national, multi-partner group has a coordinator who is responsible for the contact between the Commission's Services and the new type of management has been successful largely due constructive attitude of the coordinators. Sweden was associated with the programme and Swedish scientists have been integrated in several of the multi-national proposals.

The establishment of the new contracts was unfortunately delayed for some months due to delay in the programme decision, and it has therefore not been possible to collect the progress reports at the end of the year as has been lhe practice previously. The reports were collected in mid 1991, when the majority of the projects had been running for a full year. In some cases contracts from the 1985-1989 programme were extended as individual contracts but where possible, the reports from these contacts have been grouped for presentation here.

The progress reports are grouped according to the content of the new programme which has three main areas:

A) Human exposure to radiation and radioactivity, having the sectors:

1. Measurement of radiation dose and its interpretation. 2. Transfer and behaviour of radionuclides in the environment.

B) Consequences of radiation exposure to man; assessment, prevention and treatment, having the sectors:

1. Stochastic effects of radiation. 2. Non-stochastic effects of radiation.

3. Radiation effects on the developing organism.

C) Risks and management of exposure, having the sectors:

1. Assessment of human exposure and risks.

2. Optimization and management of radiation protection.

continued its policy of promoting the exchange of information and cooperation between scientists by organising 42 study group meetings with contractors and invited experts and 13 international seminars and workshops. The 13 proceedings of these meetings and the publications originating from the contract work testify to the important role played by European research in the field of radiation protection. The formalisation of multi-national, multi-partner projects has contributed to the consolidation of the cooperation between scientists working in radiation protection which had been so effectively stimulated by previous programmes. The programme has continued to implement the Memoranda of Understanding with the USA and Canada, and has continued its contacts with international organisations and other countries outside the Community. An exchange of letters between the CEC and the Radiations Effects Research Foundation (RERF) at Hiroshima now opens possibilities for more intensive collaboration with Japanese colleagues.

One important new facet of the programme's activities has been the development of a coordinated training policy under ERPET (European Radiation Protection Education and Training) to maintain a cross-section of expertise and promote the career prospects of young scientists entering the field of radiation protection. Seven training courses have been organised during the past 17 months covering general radiation protection as well as more specialised areas such as radioecology and nuclear emergency management.

S. Finzi

Director DG XII.D Nuclear Fission Safety

A.E.Bennett Director DG XI.A

Nuclear Safety Industry and Environment, Civil Protection

J.Sinnaeve

FR

PREFACE

Le rapport d'activité 1990/1991 concernant le programme de radioprotection de la Commission des Communautés européennes résume les résultats de la première année du programme 1990-1991. Il s'agit du premier programme de radioprotection à avoir été mis en oeuvre par le biais de projets multinationaux, multipartcnaires. La présentation des rapports reflète par conséquent cette nouvelle structure. Chaque rapport contient un aperçu des activités déployées au sein d'un groupe, suivi des résultats personnels de chacun des membres du groupe. Dans le cadre de ce programme, 137 projets multinationaux et multipartcnaires représentant 347 activités différentes ont été finances par un budget de 21.2 millions d'écus. La mise en oeuvre de ce nouveau type de gestion a été une expérience très positive cl la collaboration a été active et enthousiaste entre les différents partenaires au sein des groupes chargés des divers projets. Chaque groupe multinational, multipartcnaires a un coordinateur qui est chargé des contacts avec les services de la Commission et les résultats positifs du nouveau type de gestion sont dus en grand partie à l'attitude constructive des coordinateurs. La Suède a clé associée au programme et des chercheurs suédois ont participé à plusieurs projets multinationaux.

L'établissement des nouveaux contrats a malheureusement été retardé de quelques mois en raison du retard avec lequel avail été adoptée la décision arrêtant le programme, de sorte qu'il n'a pas été possible de compiler les rapports d'aclivité à lu fin de l'année comme c'élait la coutume antérieurement. Les rapports ont élé réunis vers le milieu de l'année 1991, alors que la majorité des projets était en cours depuis au moins un an. Dans certains cas, les contrats se rattachant au programme 1985-19S9 ont élé prorogés à litre individuel, mais, chaque fois que cela a été possible, les rapports relatifs à ces contrais ont été intégrés au rapport d'activité présenté ici.

Les rapports d'activité soni regroupés en fonction du contenu du nouveau programme, qui couvre trois principaux domaines:

A) Exposition de l'homme aux rayonnements et à la radioactivité:

1. Mesure de la dose d'irradiation el son interprétation.

2. Transfert et comportement des radionuclides dans l'environnement.

B) Conséquences de l'exposition de l'homme aux rayonnements; évaluation, prévention et traitement:

1. Effets stochastiques des rayonnements. 2. Effets non stochastiques des rayonnements.

3. Effets des rayonnements sur l'organisme en cours de développement.

C) Risques et gestion de l'exposition:

1. Evaluation de l'exposition de l'homme et des risques. 2. Optimisation et gestion de la radioprotection.

La recherche en radioprotection couvre une vaste gamme de thèmes, implique de nombreuses disciplines différentes et s'élend de la recherche fondamentale (par exemple modèles de dépôt d'énergie ou analyse moléculaire des mutations et de la réparation de l'ADN) à la recherche appliquée (mesure des concentrations de radon à l'intérieur des locaux ou réduction de

l'exposition des patients en radiodiagnostic medicul). En dépit de l'ampleur du programme cl de la limitation des crédits, il a encore été possible de maintenir, ainsi que le montrent les résultats présentés ici, un programme cohérent et exhaustif. Dans le cadre de celui-ci, on a poursuivi une politique de promotion des échanges d'informations et de la coopération entre les chercheurs en organisant 42 réunions de groupes d'étude avec des contractants et des experts invités et 13 séminaires et ateliers internationaux. Les 13 comptes rendus de ces réunions et les publications issues des travaux contractuels témoignent de l'importance du rôle joué par la recherche européenne dans le domaine de lu rudioproteclion. L'exécution de projets multinationaux multipartenaircs a contribué au renforcement de la coopération entre chercheurs travaillant dans le domaine de la radioprotection qui avait été si efficacement stimulée par les programmes antérieurs. On a poursuivi la mise en oeuvre de la déclaration commune d'intention signée avec les Etats-Unis et le Canada et on a maintenu les contacts avec les organisations internationales et les pays tiers. Un échange de lettres entre la CCE et la Radiations Effects Research Foundation (RERF) d'Hiroshima ouvre maintenunt des possibilités de collaboration plus étroite avec les collègues Japonais.

Une nouvelle et importante facette des activités liées au programme a été le développement d'une politique de formation coordonnée dans le cadre d'ERPET (European Radiation Protection Education and Training) en vue de maintenir un échange de connaissances spécialisées et de promouvoir les perspectives de carrière des jeunes chercheurs en radioprotection. Sept cours de formation ont été organisés au cours de 17 derniers mois; ils couvrent la radioprotection en général, ainsi que des domaines plus spécialisés, tels que la radioécologie et la gestion des cas d'urgence nucléaires.

S. Finzi

Directeur DG XII.D

Sécurité de la fission nucléaire

A.E.Bcnnetl Directeur DG XI.A

Sécurité nucléaire, industrie et environnement, protection civile

J.Sinnaeve

π

Mitglieder

und

Experten

1990-91

Beratender

Verwaltung-

und

KoordinierungBausschuss

"STRAHLENSCHUTZ"

Members

and

Experts

1990-91

Management

and

Coordination

Advisory

Committee

"RADIATION

PROTECTION"

Membres

et

Experts

1990-91

Mitglieder und Experten 1990-91

Beratender Verwaltungs- und Koordinierungsausschuss "STRAHLENSCHUTZ"

Members and Experts 1990-91

Management and Coordination Advisory Committee "RADIATION PROTECTION"

Membres et Experts 1990-91

Comité consultatif en matière de Gestion et de Coordination "RADIOPROTECTION"

Belgique - België

S. Hallez ° N. Henry ° R. Kirchmann O. Vanderborght

Bundesrepublik Deutschland

W. Gõssner ° A.M. Kellerer H.H. Landfermann °

Danmark

A. Aarkrog ° H.L. Gjørup o K.A. Jessen N.O. Kjeldgaard °

Elliniki Dimokratia

S. Danali-Cotsaki ° D. Glaros ° A. Kappas D. Maïntas ° E.G. Sideris °

España

L. Arranz Carrillo ° J.L. Butragueño Casado E. Iranzo

F. Mingot Buades ° G. López Ortiz

France

D. Blanc C. Feltin H. Jammet B. Jampsin J. Lafuma ° H. Métivier

Ireland

T. Colgan

J.D. Cunningham ° (Chairman 1989-) C.P. O'Toole °

Italia A. Cigna ° V. Covelli F. Di Mauro F. Morselli °

Luxembourg

P. Kayser °

Nederland B. Bosnjakovic ° M.J. Fnssel ° H.R. Leenhouts P.H.M. Lohman A.T. Natarajan D.W. Van Bekkum

Portugal

M. Brites Santos Patricio ° E. Mendes Magalhães t J. Pistacchini Galvão °

United Kingdom

G.E. Adams J.A. Dennis ° A. Eggleton D.T. Goodhead J.W. Stather » H. Walker ·

Commission

H. Eriskat G. Gerber

J.M. Mousny secretariat H. Schibilla

III

F O R S C H U N G S T Ã T I G K E I T

S T R A H L E N S C H U T Z

R E S E A R C H

I N

R A D I A T I O N

P R O T E C T I O N

ΠΙΑ

EXPOSITION

DES

MENSCHEN

DURCH

STRAHLEN

UND

RADIOACTTVITÄT

HUMAN

EXPOSURE

TO

RADIATION

AND

RADIOACTIVITY

Progress Report

Contract BÍ6-026 Sector: All

Title: Collaboration on research and development concerned with the methodology and data in radiation dosimetry.

1 Dennis E U R A D O S

I. Summary of Project and Global Objectives

Both generally and specifically within the European Ccnmunities the global objectives of this project are:

1. The stimulation of collaborative developments and research into methods and techniques for the evaluation of exposures to and risks from ionising radiations.

2. The harmonization of methods of assessing and researching radiation exposures by' means of intercomparisons, workshops, seminars and by active collaboration.

3. The collection and evaluation of physical data relevant to the assessment of the biological effects of ionising radiations and to the assessment of occupational and environmental exposures.

The society operates through Working Groups each composed of 10 to 15 scientists from European laboratories. During the reportJAg-pec¿od the following Working Groups actively continued:

Working Group 2. Skin Dosimetry.

Working Group 4. Numerical

Dosimetry-Working Group 6. Assessment of Internal Dose.

In addition to these Working Groups, the following Working "Groups were started:

Working Group 7. Radiation Spectrometry in Working Environments.

Working Group 8. Development of Individual Dosemeters for External Penetrating Radiations.

Working Group 9. Criticality Accident Dosimetry.

Working Group 10. Basic Physical Data and Characteristics of Radiation Protection Instrumentation.

Both Working Group 8 and Working Group 10 are continuations and extensions of earlier groups.

-HeadofProject1:Dr.Dennis

Π Objectivéeforthereportingperiod

To maintain Working Groups 2,4 and 6 and to bring into effective operation Working Groups 7,8, 9 and 10.

HIObjectivéefornextperiod

To consolidate and where necessary redirect active scientific collaboration within theWorkingGroups. Working Group 6will complete a feasibility study forthe formation ofEuropeanRegistries of Internal Dosimetry. Working Group 9 will continue to plan and study for an international intercomparison of criticality dosimetry systems. Working Group 10 wji.ll make a comprehensive evaluation of W­values for neutrons to be used with gas detectors in mixed field dosimetry.

IVProgreseachievedincludingpublications

Working Group 2. Skin Dosimetry.

Some progress has been made in the preparation of the document "Review of Survey Instruments for theMeasurement of DoseRates inMixed Fields of Beta and PhotonRadiations". Itis expected to becompleted in draft formby late November 1991. The planning of an international workshop on skin dosimetry wasr'completed. This workshop was jointly organised with the Irish Nuclear Energy 'Board and the Commission with sponsorship by the US Department of Energy. It'QLiA. be held near Dublin in Ireland during May, 1991.

y

Working Group 4. Numerical Dosimetry.

A benchmark study of Bonner spheres for neutron spectrometry was extended. Intercomparison of response functions for these detectors revealed a problem with thermal neutron groupcross­sections. Λ set of these cross­sections for polythene has been compiled. Problems in the practical numerical implement­ ation of voxel phantoms for external and internal dosimetry have been discussed.

Working Group 6. Assessment of Internal Dose.

Progress has been made in setting up a UK Autopsy Registry for cases of internal contamination with radionuclides and a basis for a European registry of internal dose assessment computer models has been investigated using ICRP Task Group proposals.

A joint Task Group has been established with EULEP to produce improved respiratory tract models relating intakes of radionuclides by workers to organ doses and bioassay measurements.

A proposal has been formulated for an intercomparison study of whole body monitoring by European laboratories using a person adventitiously contaminated internally with gaima-emitting radionuclides.

Working Group 7. Radiation Spectrometry in Working Environments.

The objectives and membership of this Working Group, have only recently been established. It is expected to start active collaboration during 1991.

Working Group 8. Development of Individual Dosemeters for External Penetrating Radiations.

The results of a joint neutron irradiation of individual dosemeters at PTB, GSF, and PSI were analyzed and published. This is a unique guide to the current performance of etched-track neutron dosemeters.

A joint study of the background and sensitivity characteristics of etch plastics from different sources and manufacturers was completed. The results are being assessed and will be published.

Working Group 9. Criticality Accident Dosimetry.

Spectrometric measurements were made of the leakage spectra from the lead shielded SILENE reactor at Valduc, France. A report of these measurements lias been completed and will be submitted for publication. Liaison with IAEA on the possibility of an international intercomparison of criticality dosimetry systems has been established.

Working Group 10. Basic Physical Data and Characteristics of Radiation Protection Instrumentation.

A work programme has been established consisting of:

a). Basic physical data for ionization in gases.

b). Modelling and experimental work on discharge processes in proportional counters.

c). Development of gas ionisation devices for dosimetry.

PUBLICATIONS

1. Siebert, R R L, Alberts, W G, Bauer, Β W. Computational study of phantoms for individual iieutiun dosimetry. PTB ReportN­6 (Braunsweig, 1990).

2. Alvera,A V, Matzke,M, Siebert, Β R L. Findings of an international unfolding intercomparison with Bonner spheres. Poster at 7th ASTM­ Euratom Symposium on Reactor Dosimetry. Strasbourg, Aug. 1990.

3. Response of proton sensitive etched track detectors to fast neutrons: Results ofa jointmulti­laboratory experiment. GSF Bericht 22/90. Ed. Κ Schraube.

4. Colautti,Ρ, Leuthold, G, Taipo, G, Tornielli, G. Parallel to anode ion probe in a cylindrical TEPC at simulated lengths less than 1 um. Radiat. Prot. Dosim., 31, 129­135, (1990).

5. Denis, J M, Slypen, I, Tilquin, I, Meulders, J P. Average ionization energy, w, for 65MeV protons innitrogen. Proc 2nd European Pai.tide Accelerator Conf.,1990.

6. Pihet, P,Menzel, H G. Atomic data required in accurate measurements of kerma for neutrons with low pressure propoitional counters. Proc. Advisory Group Meeting on Atomic and Molecular Data for Radiotherapy. ÏAEA­TECDCC­506, 91­105 (1939).

7. Schmitz,T, Booz, JJ. Measurement of thegas amplification coefficient in a TEPC. Radiat. Prot. Dosim., 2.9,31­36, (1989).

3. Schrewij,U !,Schuhmach.'·: ,1!,"nx'.r,¡I:, Diette, 0. ""­tiriüá^it.Lonof photon and neutron dose fractions with tissue­equivalent proportional counters. Radiat. Prot. Dosim., 31,143­147, (1990).

9. Schuhmacher, K, Kunz, A, Menzel,H G, Coyne, J J, Schwartz, R C. The dose equivalentresponse of tissue­equivalent proportional counters to low energy neutions. Radiat. Prot. Dosim., 31,383­387, (1990).

10. Segur, Ρ, Pérès, I,Boeuf, J Ρ, Barthe, J. Modelling of the electron and ion kinetics in cylindrical proportional counters. Radiat. Prot. Dosim., 31,107­118, (1990).

11. Waker, A J, Maynard,D G. Theeffect of geometrical scaling on the gas gain of proportional counters intended for microdosimetric :neasure­ rrssr.ts. Radiat. Prot. Dosim., .29,37­40, (1989).

12. Charles,M W , Hopewell, 0 W, Wells, J, Coggle, J E. Recent trends in radiobiology ofskinand repercussions fordose limitation andpersonal dosimetry. In: Proc. Fourth Internat. Symp. or.Radiat. Proteo., pp 419­424. Inst. Physics Pub. Ltd., Bristol,1989.

14. Charles, M W. The importance of radiobiological research in the development of revised criteria for skin dose limitation. Bristol Meeting of Association for Radiation Research. Abstract to be published in Int. J o u m . Radiat. Biol. (1991).

15. Gasiot, J, etal. Laserheated calcium sulphate TLD plates: Applica­ tion to radiation mapping. ESA Electronic Components Conf. ESTEC, Noordwijk.

16. Daoud, M, Gasiot,J. et al. Radiation dose mapping using laser heated TLD plates. To be published in IEEE/NPSS.

17. Burgkhardt, B,Piesch,E, Vilgis,M. Analysis ofbeta radiation fields in the fuel cycle. Radiat. Protec. Dosim., 34­ 137­140, (1990).

18. Burgkhardt, B, Kipfel, A. Dosimetric properties of carbon loaded LiF detectors forbeta photon extremitydosimetry. Radiat.Protec.Dosim., 33. 275­298, (1990).

19. Christensen, Ρ, Better­Jensen, Ennow, K, Majborn, B. Radiat. Protec. Dosim., 34/ 111­114, (1990).

20. Bailey, M R, The third international workshop on respiratory tract dosimetry, Albuquerque, 1­3 July, 1990. J o u m . Soc. Radiol. Protec, 10, 305­307, (1990).

21. Bailey, M R, Birchall, A. New ICRP dosimetric model for the respira­ tory tract: A progress report. Radiol.Protec.Bull.,No 119, (1991).

22. Bailey, M R, Birchall,A, Cuddihy, R G, Hames,A C, Roy,M. Compart­ ment models for the mechanical clearance of particles from the respiratory tract of humans and laboratory animals. Abstract inProc. Symp. Particle­Lung Interactions: "Overload" Related Phenomena. Rochester, May, 1990. Journ. Aersol.Med., 3, 68, (1990).

23. Bailey,M R, Birchall,A, Cuddihy, R G, James, A C, Roy,M. Respira­ tory tract clearance model for dosimetry and bioassay of inhaled radionuclides. Proc. Third Intern. Workshop on Respiratory Tract Dosimetry,Albuquerque,July,1990. Tobe published inRadiat.Protec. Dosim..

24. Birchall, A, Bailey, M R, James A C. LUDEP: A lung dose evaluation program. Proc. Third Intern. Workshop on Respiratory Tract Dosim., Albuquerque, July, 1990. To be published in Radiat.Protec. Dosim..

25. Birchall, A. Uncertainty in bioassay determinations of plutonium intakes. Nat.Radiol. Protec. Board Report NRPB­M207,Chilton,1990.

26. Birchall,A. A reply to Coleman: "First­order compartment models and thematrix of mean residence times". Health Phys., 59,360, (1990).

27. Bradley, E J, Prosser, SL. Themeasurements ofpolonium and plutonium in human foetal tissues. Proc. CEIR Forum on Radionuclides and External Radiation: Implications for theEmbryo and Foetus,Nov,1990.

28. Dorrian,M­D, Etherington,G. Radiocaesium inNRPB staff following the Chernobyl accident. Radiat. Protec. Bull.,No 110, (1990).

29. Etherington, G, Dorrian, M-D. Radiocaesium levels, intakes and doses in a group of adults resident in southern England. Proc. Intern. Symp.

on Environmental Contamination Following a Major Nuclear Accident,

Vienna, Oct., 1989. Vol 2, pp 327-338. IAEA, Vienna, 1990.

30. Gibson, J A B , Bull, R K. The interpretation of bioassay and in-vivo

data with the proposed ICRP lung model and the establishment of

European registries of internal dose assessments, models and autopsy

data. Proc. Third Intern. Workshop on Respiratory Tract Dosimetry,

Albuquerque, July, 1990. To be published in Radiat. Protec. Dosim..

31. Inn, K G W , Liggett, W S, Volchok, H L, Feiner, M S, Mclnroy, J F,

Popplewell, D S, et al. Interlaboratory comparison of actinides in

human tissue: '"Pu and !l,Pu. Journ. Radioanal. Nuci. Chem., 138. 219-229, (1990).

32. James, A W, Gehr, P, Masse, R, Cuddihy, R G, Cross, F T, Birchall, A,

Durham, J S, Briant, J K. Dosimetry model for bronchial and

extra-thoracic tissues of respiratory tract. Proc.Third Intern.Workshop on Respiratory Tract Dosimetry,Albuquerque, July, 1990. To be published in Radiat. Protec. Dosim..

33. Parker, R C, Bull, R K, Stevens, D C, Marshall, M. Studies of aerosol distributions in a small laboratory containing a heated phantom. Ann. Occup. Hyg., 3 4 , 35-44, (1990).

34. Popplewell, D S, Harrison, J D, Ham, G J. The gastrointestinal

absorption of neptunium and curium in humans. To be published in

Health Phys..

Progrese Report

Contract BÍ6-322 Sector: A l l

Title: Quantities, units and measurement techniques for ionizing radiation.

1 Allisy Bureau Intern.des Poids et Mesures

I. Summary of Project and Global Objectives

The International Commission on Radiation Units and

Measurements (ICRU), since its inception in 1925, has had as its principle objective the development of internationally acceptable recommendations regarding:

(1) Quantities and units of radiation and radioactivity (2) Procedures suitable for the measurement and application

of these quantities in radiation protection as well as in clinical radiology and radiobiology.

(3) Physical data needed in the application of these

procedures, the use of which tends to assure uniformity in reporting.

The ICRU considers and makes recommendations in the field of radiation protection. In this connection, its work is carried out in close cooperation with the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) and it should be noted that much of the work in the field of clinical radiology is conceived to lead to a direct and considerable dose reduction for the patient.

The ICRU endeavors to collect and evaluate the latest data and information pertinent to the problems of radiation

measurement and dosimetry and to recommend the most acceptable values for current use.

The Commission's recommendations are kept under continual review in order to keep abreast of the rapidly expanding uses of radiation and also to provide answers to urgent questions such as those related to environmental monitoring connected with nuclear reactor accidents.

HeadofProject1:Prof.Allisy

ΠObjectivée forthereportingperiod

Completion

of

the

drafting

work

on

ICRU

reports

on:

(1)

Supplemental

information

on

tissue

substitutes

in

radiation

dosimetry

and

measurement.

(2)

Measurement

of

dose

equivalent

(3)

Phantoms

used

in

therapy,

diagnosis

and

protection

(4)

Stopping

powers

and

ranges

for

protons

and

alpha

particles

ΠΙObjectivesfornextperiod

Publication

of

the

reports

cited

above,

initiation

of

work

on

beta-ray

dosimetry

for

radiation

protection

and

on

determination

of

body

burdens

of

radionuclides

and

completion

of

drafting

work

on

ICRU

reports

concerned

with:

(1)

Fundamental

quantities

and

units

(2)

Dose

specification

for

reporting

external

beam

therapy

with

photons

and

electrons

(3)

Dose

specification

for

reporting

interstitial

therapy

IVProgress achievedincludingpublications

Substantial

progress

has

been

achieved

toward

meeting

the

goals

for

the

current

reporting

period.

Following

ICRU

review

and

approval

of

the

document

providing

supplemental

information

on

tissue

substitutes

in

radiation

dosimetry

and

measurements,

work

was

begun

on

the

needed

modifications

and

revisions

identified

as

a

result

of

the

review.

This

is

now

substantially

complete

and

it

is

expected

that

the

report

can

be

sent

to

the

printer

in

the

near

future.

The

document,

ICRU

Report

46,

Supplemental

Information

on

Tissue

Substitutes

in

Radiation

Dosimetry

and

Measurement,

is

a

companion

volume

expanding

on

the

material

covered

in

ICRU

Report

4

4,

Tissue

Substitutes

in

Radiation

Dosimetry

and

Measurement.

The

new

document

provides

specific

information

on

representative

sets

of

tissues

that

illustrate

the

effects

of

tissue

composition

variation

on

the

pertinent

radiation

interaction

quantities.

It

includes

photon,

electron,

proton

and

neutron

interaction

data

for

body

tissues,

covering

the

age

interval

from

fetus

to

adult.

The

new

report

on

measurement

of

dose

equivalent

is

to

be

the

third

report

in

the

series

treating

determination

of

dose

equivalent.

The

report

emphasizes

principles

of

measurement,

characterization

of

instruments,

calibration

and

the

impact

of

the

new

operational

quantities

on

the

design

of

future

instruments.

The

draft

report

was

approved

by

the

Commission

at

its

last

meeting,

and

the

printer's

manuscript

is

now

being

Also approved by the Commission at the last meeting was the report on phantoms used in therapy, diagnosis and protection involving ionizing radiation. The report emphasizes organ and body masses and geometries to meet the need for human anatomical data in the development of phantoms and computational models. The influence of age, sex and ethnic origins on human anatomy is treated. Existing types of phantoms and computational models used with photons, electrons, protons and neutrons are reviewed. The specifications of phantoms and computational models are provided. The printers manuscript of the report is being prepared.

The drafting work on a new report concerned with stopping powers for protons and alpha particles was also completed during the current reporting period. ICRU work on stopping powers encompasses the treatment of electrons and positrons (ICRU Report 37), protons and alpha particles, and heavy ions. The report on protons and alpha particles includes discussions of the stopping power formula and corrections, electronic (collision) stopping powers, nuclear stopping powers, comparison of tabulated and experimental stopping powers, energy loss straggling, and methods for stopping power measurements. The report tabulates, for material of interest in radiological physics and biomedical dosimetry: (1) electronic, nuclear and total stopping powers,

(2) ranges, and (3) detour factors. Again, the draft report was approved by the Commission and preparation of the printer's manuscript is now underway.

Work continued during the current reporting period on the many other projects aimed at the preparation of ICRU reports. Noteworthy among these are those concerned with:

(1) absorbed dose standards for photon irradiation and their dissemination,

(2) stopping powers for heavy ions

(3) fundamentals of particle counting applied to radioactivity measurements,

(4) in situ gamma spectrometry in the environment (5) secondary electron spectra resulting from charged

particle interactions.

The identification of needed new activities also represents important progress. Here, the determination to begin new

efforts concerned with the following topics is noteworthy.

(1) beta-ray dosimetry for radiation protection (2) determination of body burdens for radionuclides (3) statistical aspects of environmental sampling (4) tissue substitutes, characteristics of biological

tissue and phantoms for ultrasound

Initiation of work on these new projects will begin in the near future

Progress Report

Contract: Bi6-347a Sector:A11

Title: Theimplementationoftheoperationaldosequantitiesintoradiationprotection dosimetry(NRPBAssociation)

1 O'Riordan NRPB

2 Marshall AEATechnologyHarwellLaboratory

3 Lembo ENEA

4 Chartier CEA-FAR

I. Summary of Project and Global Objectives

Themainobjectivesotthisprojectaretoimprovethemeasurement ofspectralandangular distributionsofexternalradiationsintheworkplaceandtoexaminetheimplicationsofthese measurementsforpersonaldosimetry.

(1) TodevelopandcomparetechniquesformeasuringspectraanddirectionaldistributionofX andγradiationintheworkplace. (NRPB/AEA)

(a) Toreviewmethodsavailableformeasuringspectra.

(b) ToassembleequipmentbasedonG-Mdetectors,Naldetectors andGedetectors andcomparetheirutilityformeasurementsinworkplaces.

(c) Inparallelwiththepracticalwork,calculationswillbecarriedouttoexaminethe theoreticalutilityofthedifferentmethods.

(d) ToexamineunfoldingtechniquesdevelopedtorX-rayandneutronspectroscopy, adaptthemtoobtainenergyandangulardistributionsfromtheresultsof measurements.

(e) Toexaminetheimplicationsofmeasurementsandcalculationsfortheestimationof H*(10)andHEintheworkplace.