Responsive attendance system based on thumb scanning

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RESPONSIVE ATTENDANCE SYSTEM BASED ON THUMB SCANNING

BONG YU JING

This report is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of

Bachelor of Electronic Engineering (Industrial Electronics) With Honours

Faculty of Electronic and Computer Engineering Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka,

JUNE 2013

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UNIVERSTJ TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRONlK DA KEJURUTERAA KOMPUTER BO RANG PENGESAHAN STA TVS LA PO RAN

PROJEK SARJANA MUDA II

Tajuk Projek RESPONSIVE A TTE DANCE SYSTEM BASED 0 THUMB

SCANNING

Sesi Pengajian

Saya BO G YU JJNG

2 3

mengaku membenarkan Laporan Projek Sarjana Muda ini disimpan di Perpustakaan dengan syarat-syarat kegunaan seperti berikut:

I. Laporan adalah hakmilik Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka.

2. Perpustakaan dibenarkan membuat salinan untuk tujuan pengajian sahaja.

3. Perpustakaan dibenarkan membuat salinan Iaporan ini sebagai bahan pertukaran antara institusi pengajian tinggi.

4. Sila tandakan ( '1 ) :

D

SULIT*

D

TERHAD**

0

TIDAK TERHAD

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*(Mengandungi maklumat yang berdarjah keselamatan atau kepentingan Malaysia seperti yang termaktub di dalam AKT A RAHSIA RASMI 1972)

**(Mengandungi maklumat terhad yang telah ditentukan oleh organisasi/badan di mana penyelidikan dijalankan)

Dis~kan oleh:

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"I hereby declare that this report is the result of my own work except for quotes as

cited in the references."

Signature

...

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...

....

Name

: ....

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:DJ. J.™Q ...

.

...

.

... .

Date

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...

13

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JutJE .2.013

...

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"I hereby declare that I have read this project report and in my own opinion this project report is sufficient in terms of the scope and quality for the award of Bachelor

of Electronic Engineering (Industrial Electronic) With Honors."

Signature :

....

~

. .

. . . .

... .

. ENGR ..

~-:~·

~~~~

~

BTE ANAS

... Name

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Lovingly dedicated to my

beloved family and friends

For being a

constant source of Inspiration and Support.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to take this opportunity to express my upmost gratitude towards

those who have contributed in the completion of this project.

First and foremost, I would like to thank my helpful supervisors, Engr Siti

Aisyah bte Anas and Engr. Ranjit Singh Sarban Singh. They have given me

wonderful supervision and support which truly aided in the smooth progression in

the completion of this project. The encouragement and guidance given by them is

much appreciated as without I would not be where I am today.

Not to be forgotten, I would like to thank my family for their support and

motivation which allows me stays for more days to complete the project. Without

their kind support and encouragement, the completion of this final year project is not

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ABSTRAK

Tujuan projek ini dilaksanakan untuk mereka bentuk dan membangunkan

sistem kehadiran pelajar untuk pelajar pasca siswazah sebagai Pembantu Penyelidik

Siswazah (GRA). Sistem ini akan menggunakan cap jari sebagai subjek untuk

merekodkan kehadiran pelajar. Semua maklumat akan direkodkan ke dalam aplikasi

pangkalan data dan boleh dipantau oleh penyelia individu masing-masing. Dengan

adanya sistem m1, secara langsungnya ia akan meningkatkan kecekapan pelajar

lepasan ijazah dan akan membantu penyelia untuk memantau kemajuan pelajar.

Selain daripada itu, sistem ini juga dapat mengesan pelajar yang hadir lewat dan

secara automatiknya sistem ini akan menghantar emel kepada penyelia yang

bertanggungjawab terhadap pelajar tersebut. Sistem yang dicipta ini juga merupakan

satu sistem yang mudah alih, ini bermakna pengguna dapat membawa peranti ini ke

dalam kelas untuk menggantikan kertas kehadiran biasa. Sistem ini boleh digunakan

dalam organisasi yang memerlukan pengurusan kehadiran pelajar atau pekerja.

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ABSTRACT

The motivation for this project is to design and develop a responsive attendance

system based on thumb scanning for postgraduate students during their appointment

as Graduate Research Assistant (GRA). The development of this system is using the

thumb print scanning as platform for attendance recording into the system. The

system functions to record all the incoming and outgoing activities. All infonnation is

recorded into a database application and can be monitored by the respective

individual supervisor. Development of this system increases the efficiency of the

postgraduate student and helps the supervisor to monitor the student's progress. Apart

from that, this system also able to detect the late attendance and intennittently sends a

notification to the respective candidate. Also, the respective candidate is required to

update his or her status by just sending an update notification to the system. Besides,

this system is portable, which mean lecturers are able to carry the device into the

classes. Besides, this developed system is portable, thus lecturers able to bring the

device into the classroom to replace the conventional attendance sheet. This system

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II LITERATURE REVIEW 8

2.1 Existing Attendance System 8

2.1.1 Manual Attendance Taking System 8

2.1.2 Time Clock Attendance Taking System 9

2.1.3 Barcode Attendance Taking System 9

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2.1.4

Magnetic Stripe Attendance Taking System

10

2

.1

.

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Smart Card Attendance Taking System

10

2.1.6

Radio Frequency Identification Attendance

11

Taking System

2.1.7

Biometric Attendance Taking System

12

2.2

Comparison between Existing Attendance Systems

13

2.3

Fingerprint Processing Process

13

2.3

.

1

Capturing of Fingerprint Image

15

2.3.2

Preprocessing of Fingerprint Image

18

2.3.3

Recognition of Minutiae

19

2.3.4

Post Processing of Minutiae

20

2.3.3

Matching of Minutiae

20

2.4

Structured Query Language

21

III METHODOLOGY 23

3.0

System Overview

23

3.1

System Operation

24

3.2

Thumbprint Modules Comparison

28

3.3

Expected Result

29

IV RESULT AND DISCUSSION 34

4

.

0

Overview

34

4.1

Hardware

34

4.2

Software

40

4.2.1

Responsive Attendance System Graphic User

40

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CONCLUSION

5.1

5.2

Conclusion

Future Recommendation

5.2.1 Web-based Monitoring System

49

50

5.2.2 Storage Capacity of the Standalone Device 50

5.2.3 Statistical Report 50

5.2.4 Rechargeable Battery 51

REFERENCES

APPENDIX A

©

Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka

52

55

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LIST OFT ABLE

TABLE 2.1 COMPARISON TABLE OF EXISTING A TIENDA CE SYSTEMS I TERM OF CO VENIE CE, TIME

CONSUMPTION, ACCURACY AND RELIABILITY ... 13

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[image:13.514.56.463.189.737.2]

LIST OF FIGURE

FIGURE I. I BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE OVERALL SYSTEM ·s TECH 'ICAL STRUCTURE ... 5

FJGURE 1.2 FLOWCHART OF PROJECT METHODOLOGY ... 7

FIGURE 2.1 IMAGE OF A Fl GERPRINT WITH ITS IMPORTANT FEATURES [22) ... 14

FIGURE 2.2 DIAGRAM SHOWING THE DIFFERENT BETWEE RIDGE A D FURROW [24) ... 14

FIGURE 2.3 MINUTIAE POINTS [22) ... 14

FIGURE 2.4 OPERATION OF THE FRUSTRATED TOTAL INTER AL REFLECTJON SENSOR [26) ... 15

FIGURE 2.5 OPERA TIO OF FTIR WITH A SHEET PRISM [26) ... 16

FIGURE 2.6 0PERATIO OF CAPACITIVE SENSOR [26). ... 16

FIGURE 2.7 OPERA TIO OF ULTRASOUND SENSOR [26) ... 17

FIGURE 2.8 PREPROCESSI G OF FINGERPRI T IMAGE ... 18

FIGURE 2.9 SPURIOUS MINUTIAE STRUCTURE ... 20

FIGURE 2.10 RELATIONSHIP BETWEE APPLICATIONS, DATABASE MANAGEME T SYSTEM (DBMS) A D DATABASE ... 21

FIGURE 3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE OVERALL SYSTEM ... 23

FIGURE 3.2 FLOWCHART OF THE OVERALL SYSTEM ... 24

FJGURE 3.3 FLOWCHART OF THE USER MODE SUBSYSTEM ... 25

FIGURE 3 .4 FLOWCHART OF ADM IN MODE SUBSYSTEM ... 26

FIGURE 3.5 FLOWCHART OF ADMIN MODE SUBSYSTEM PART 2 ... 27

FIGURE 3.6 EXTER AL VIEW OF THE HARDWARE PART ... 30 FIGURE 3.7 EXTER AL VIEW OFTl-IE HARDWARE PART wrrn CASING ... 30 FIG RE 3.8 PLA fNED INTERNAL VIEW OF THE HARDWARE PART ... 30

FIGURE 3.9 HOMEPAGE OF THE USER I TERFACE (VERSION I) ... 31

FIGURE 3.10 REGISTER PAGE OF THE USER INTERFACE (VERSION I) ... 31

FIGURE3.1 I DIRECTED REGISTER PAGE OF THE USER I 'TERFACE(VERSION I) ... 31

FIGURE 3.12 SETTING PAGE OF THE USER INTERFACE (VERSION I) ... 32

FIGURE 3.13 SEARCH PAGE OF THE USER INTERFACE (VERSION I ) ... 32

FIGURE 3.14 INDIVIDUAL ·s ATTENDANCE (VERSJON I ) ... 33

FIGURE 3.15 ATTENDANCE OF THE STUDENTS BY DATE (VERSION I) ... 33

FIGURE 4.1 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM FOR POWER SUPPLY PART ... ~ ... 35

FIGURE 4.2 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM FOR MICROCO TROLLER PART ... 35

FIGURE 4.3 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM FOR LCD PART ... 36

FIGURE4.4 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM FOR HARDWARE A D SOFTWARE UART PART ... 36

FIGURE 4.5 HARDWARE BLOCK DIAGRAM ... 37

FIGURE 4.6 HARDWARE INTERFACE WITH THUMBPRINT MODULE AND PER SO AL COMPUTER ... 37

FIGURE 4.7 ACTUAL HARDWARE MODULES ... 37

FIGURE4.8 PCB LAYOUT ... 38

FIGURE 4.9 PCB CIRCUIT BOARD ... 38

FIGURE4.IOPRODUCTOFVERSIO I 1 ... 39

FIGURE 4.11 OPERATIONS OF MODE SWJTCHES ... 39

FIGURE4.12 FI ALHARDWAREPICTURE ... .40

FIGURE4.13 LOGIN PAGE ... .41

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FIGURE 4.14 HOME PAGE ... .41

FIGURE 4.15 ADD/DELETE/EDIT USER PAGE ... 42

FIGURE 4.16 ATTE DANCE MARKI G PAGE ... 42

FIGURE4.17ATTE1 DANCEVIEWI GPAGE ... 43

FIGVRE4.18 STATISTICALATTE 'DANCE VCEWJ G PAGE ... 43

FIGURE 4.19 CLOCK IN/OUT SETTING TIME ... .44

FIGURE 4.20 USERIADMJN MODE SETTI G PAGE ... .44

FIGURE4.21 RAS DATA TRANSFER SYSTEM GUI ... .45

FIGVRE4.22 STUDENTS' DETAILS DATABASE ... .45

FIGURE 4.23 ATTENDANCE RECORD DATABASE ... .46

FIGURE4.24 LATENOTJFICATIO EMACL ... 46

[image:14.514.50.466.69.287.2]

FIGURE4.25 ABSENTNOTfflCATION EMAIL ... 46

FIGURE 4.26 MO THL YA TTENDANCE REPORT ... .47

FIGVRE4.27 RESULT OF FI GER IDENTCFICATION TEST ... .47

FIGURE4.28 RESULT OF E VCRONMENTTEST ... ... .48

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LIST OF APPENDIX

APPENDIX A FINGERPRINT PROCESSING STEP ... 55

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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction

The motivation for this project is to design and develop a responsive

attendance system based on thumb scanning for postgraduate students during their

appointment as Graduate Research Assistant (GRA). Currently there is no attendance

recording practice is restricted to the postgraduate students. The development of this

system uses the thumb print scanning as attendance recording into the developed system. The developed system functions to record all the incoming and outgoing

activities. All information is recorded into a database application and can be

monitored by the respective individual supervisor. Development of this system increases the efficiency of the postgraduate student and helps respective supervisor to

monitor the student's progress. Apart from that, this system also able to detect the late attendance and intermittently will send a notification to the respective person. Also, the respective person will have to update his or her status by just sending a

notification to the system. Besides, this developed system is portable, thus lecturers able to bring the device into the classroom to replace the conventional attendance

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2

1.2 Objective

The objective of this project is to design and develop a responsive attendance

system based on thumb scanning for postgraduate students. Hence it will improve the

self-responsibility awareness among the postgraduate students. By using this

developed attendance system, there will be no more cards needed, no more paperwork

needed, hence no more hassle! In the end, this system is able to improve the

attendance recording system for postgraduate students and at the same time increase

the awareness of self-responsibility among postgraduate students.

1.3 Problem Statement

Employee absenteeism is a worldwide phenomenon which, due to the

financial impact on a nation's economy, is an important subject on the international

agenda. Absenteeism according to Collins English Dictionary, defines as persistent

absence from work, school, etc. In most of the institutions, the attendance is an

important factor for several purposes and important principles to be follow by the

students or even organization employees. Decreasing the amounts of student

absenteeism is an aim of any schools and school systems.

The worker, who is hired, is expected to perform a job and attend to work

regularly, so that the scheduled work projects can be carried out successfully. All

workers are expected to create working environment that are conducive to good

attendance [ 1]. However, due to the intrinsic factors such as interest, motivation,

learning styles and preferences, and extrinsic factors such as socio-economic

considerations, family commitments, and task deadlines [2] the attendance of the

students that are appointed as Graduate Research Assistant (GRA) are not as good as

expected.

According to Yasmin Khan based on her Punch Card Attendance Monitoring

System Feasibility Report, she stated that the pervious approach which is manually

taking and monitoring the attendance records was very inconvenient task, as users

need to record their attendance on the log book daily [3]. Manual attendance

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checking is one of the oldest methods to record the attendance, but it is a hard process

to carry out during the attendance which gets more time consuming [3]. Manual

attendance record book will result in late compilation of attendance data because of

collecting and compiling process needs to be done by each supervisor [3]. Then the

total attendance record has to be entered into a computerized system manually.

Mismanagement may occur due to human error. It increases the pay roll processing

time and one of the major reasons is that it lacks security [3].

Later, another approach which is to record the attendance using card punching,

was introduced to solve time consuming issue for the manual attendance record book

system. However, this card punching system leads to other problems [3], which are

the reliability of the system and the troublesomeness of carrying the card. Buddy

punching is the act where one person clocks into the payroll system using another

person's card, creating it look as that a person, who did not actually come to work, is

in fact worked for the full period of their shift [ 4].

1.4 Scope of Work

1.4.1 Deliverables

The designs and developments of this Responsive Attendance System Based

on Thumb Scanning are divided into two parts, which is external deliverables and

internal deliverable.

1.4.1.1 External deliverables

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an indicator to inform the user about the status of the overall system. While Graphical

User Interface is to allows the user to access to the database.

1.4.1.2 Internal deliverable

The internal deliverable in this imposed project is the database. Database is

required in order to allow the system to store the data of the respective required users

such as their respective attendance. These data can be fetched and executed in the

user interface.

1.4.2 Functionalities

The proposed Responsive Attendance System Based on Thumb Scanning will

operates according to as following:

1. Users able to record their attendance efficiently.

11. Supervisor will be instantly being notified through email for the

student's attendance status.

n1. Increase the accuracy, reliability and the security of the attendance

system.

1v. Time and cost saving.

v. Improve the self-responsibility awareness among the postgraduate

students.

1.4.3 Technical Structure

The technical structure of this system is divided into two parts as shown in

Figure 1.1, which included Hardware (Thumbprint Scanner, microcontroller and LCD

Display) and Software (Database and Graphical User Interface).

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5

Thumbprint PIC LCD Scanner M icrocontroller Display

Database

[image:20.501.122.420.60.221.2]

User Interface

Figure 1.1: Block Diagram of the Overall System's Technical Structure

1.5 Project Planning

There are seven phases of work need to be done in order to complete this

project. The first phase that needs to be settled first is problem statement

identification. The problem faced by the previous approaches [3] included inaccuracy,

time consuming, reliability, and security. The problem statements are reviewed

throughout the project, to make sure the new system created able to solve the problem

facing by the previous approaches [3].

Beside problem statements, the objectives of the project need be determined

first in order to understand the purpose of the project and keep the project on the

correct track. In this project, the objectives is to design and develop responsive

attendance system based on thumb scanning for postgraduate students and improve

the self-responsibility awareness among the postgraduate students.

After the problem statements and the objectives are identified. During Phase

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Once the researches are done, Phase Four was continued by getting familiar

with the components. The main components and software required in this project are

Thumbprint Scanner, PIC Microcontroller, Structured Query Language (SQL) and

Microsoft Visual Basic. These components and software need be fully understand

first before it can be integrated together to fonn one system.

During Phase Five, the hardware part of the system was assembled. Then the

project is followed with the development of the software part of the system which

included the Database and the User Interface.

Finally, in the Phase Seven, the hardware and software part of the system is

been integrated and troubleshoot to test the functionality of the system and make sure

the system can perform as expected. The overall project flow is shown in Figure I .2.

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Troubleshoot

Identify the Problem

Objective

Research and Literature Review

Getting familiar with the Thumbprint Scanner, Database (Determine its operation)

Hardware Development: Scanner, PIC, PC

Not Functioning

Software Development: Database and user interface

Troubleshoot Integrating software and hardware

•

Not Functionjng

Analysis the system

Report Writing

Presentation

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[image:22.501.84.381.63.669.2]

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CHAPTER2

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Existing Attendance System

The several kind of attendance systems that are available in the market.

2.1.1 Manual Attendance Taking System

The Manual Attendance Taking System also known as Traditional Attendance

Taking System. This system involves recording the attendance in books or papers [5].

The attendance is taken and maintained by the user. According to Yasmin Khan based

on her Punch Card Attendance Monitoring System Feasibility Report, she stated that

the manually taking and monitoring the attendance records was very inconvenient

task, as users need to record their attendance on the log book daily [3]. Manual

attendance checking is one of the oldest methods to record the attendance, but it is a

hard process to carry out during the attendance which gets more time consuming [3].

Manual attendance record book will result in late compilation of attendance data

because of collecting and compiling process needs to be done by each supervisor [3].

Mismanagement may occur due to human error. It increases the pay roll processing

time and one of the major reasons is that it lacks security [3].

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2.1.2 Time Clock Attendance Taking System

On 20th November 1888, the first time clock was invented [6]. Time clocks

also known as punch clock or clock card machine or time stamp. The time clock is

basically a clock with the function of recording the time on an inserted heavy paper

card, which named as timesheet. It is a recording mechanism with typewheels [7].

First, user needs to insert the timesheet into the prepared slot and when the timesheet

move against the typewheels, the mechanism will activated [7] and the clock will

print or stamp the date and time on the timesheet. The time clock increases the

accuracy of the clock in and clock out time of the user. It is more efficient in

recording the time. However, this time clock cause another problem arises, which is

named as overstamping. This problem is when the recorded time is stamped over by

another one. Besides, this system also leads to other problems [3], which are the

reliability of the system and the usages of paper card. Buddy punching is the act

where one person clocks into the payroll system using another person's timesheet,

creating it look as that a person, who did not actually come to work, is in fact worked

for the full period of their shift [ 4]. Besides, the attendance of the employees is

recorded on the timesheet; if the timesheet is stolen or misplace [8] then the employee

will lost his or her attendance record.

2.1.3 Barcode Attendance Taking System

The barcode attendance taking system use the shape of symbol either in bar,

square, or dots which is difference in term of width as a method of° identification. The

specific sensor will use light beam to strike on the barcode and by measuring the

intensity of the light on the black and white area, the system may able to identify the

Responsive attendance system based on thumb scanning