The free gift

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The free gift

Chia-Chi Cho

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The Free Gift

Master Of Fine Arts Thesis Production

By

Chia-Chi Cho

MFA Imaging Arts / Computer Animation

SCHOOL OF FILM AND ANIMATION

ROCHESTER INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

ROCHESTER, NEW YORK

November 2006

Thesis Committee Members:

Professor Skip Battaglia ( Chair)

Skip Battaglia

Associate Professor Duane Palyka

Duane M. Palyka

VISiting Assistant Professor Aharon Charnov

ThesislDissertation Author Permission Statement

Title of thesis or dissertation: The Free Gift

Name of author: Chia-Chi Cho

Degree: MFA

Program: Film and Animation

College: Imaging Arts and Sciences

I understand that I must submit a print copy of my thesis or dissertation to the RIT Archives, per

current RIT guidelines for the completion of my degree. I hereby grant to the Rochester Institute

of Technology and its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible my thesis

or dissertation in whole or in part in all fOnDS of media in perpetuity. I retain all other ownership

rights to the copyright of the thesis or dissertation. I also retain the right to use in future works

(such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis or dissertation.

Print Reproduction Permission Granted:

I, (

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liI, -

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0 , hereby grant permission to the Rochester Institute Technology to reproduce my print thesis or dissertation in whole or in part. Any reproduction will

n~t

be for commercial use or profit.

Chi -Chi C h

Signature of Author:

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Date: f?

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Print Reproduction Permission Denied:

I, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ -', hereby deny permission to the RIT Library of the

Rochester Institute of Technology to reproduce my print thesis or dissertation in whole or in part_

Signature of Author: Date: _ _ _ _ _

Inclusion in the RIT Digital Media Library Electronic Thesis

&

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I, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ --', additionally grant to the Rochester Institute of

Technology Digital Media Library (RIT DML) the non-exclusive license to archive and provide

electronic access to my thesis or dissertation in whole or in part in all forms of media in

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ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis or dissertation. I also retain the right to use in future

works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis or dissertation. I am aware that the

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I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained and attached written permission statements

from the owners of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my committee.

Table

of

Contents

Acknowledgements

Page 5

Concept

and

Story

Idea _{Page 5}

Movie Title Page 6

Preproduction

Treatment _{Page 6}

Character DesignandAesthetics Page 7

Storyboarding

Page 7

Production

Modeling

Page8

Texturing

Page 8

Rigging

Page 9

Animating

Page 9

Lighting

&

Rendering

Page 10

SpecialEffects Page 10

Postproduction

SoundEffects Page 12

Music Page 12

Compositing

&

Editing

Page 12

Feedback Page 13

Conclusion Page 13

Appendix A

Original ThesisProposal Page 14

Appendix B

Complete Storyboard Page 21

AppendixC

Production Stills Page29

Appendix D

Character Design Drawings Page 33

Appendix E

Acknowledgement

Thepurpose ofthis paperistogivereaders a quick review of_{my thesis}movie,

"The Free Gift". It includes the process of _{making my movie,} the problems I

encountered, andhow Isolved themeventually. Iwas fortunate enoughtohavethe

opportunitytoundergointensive_trainingintheSchoolofFilmandAnimation

(SOFA)

atRochester instituteof

Technology

as a graduate student. I am _verygratefulto all

my classmates in SOFA. With

Studying

with _them, I learned not _only animation

knowledge and _methods, but also wider view points and more international

experienceaboutfilmproduction.

First of _all, I would like to thank _my committee members. Thanks to _my

committee_chair,

Skip

_Battaglia, aninternational award_winning

filmmaker,

who gave

me great suggestions throughoutthe whole production of"TheFree Gift".

During

my time as a graduate student in Rochester Institute of_Technology, Professor

Skip

Battagliawas a _{very influential} teacher whotaught me a_varietyoffilm production,

scriptwriting, and music _editing skills for my class projects.

My

appreciation also

goesto theprofessorDuanePalykaandAharon_Charnov,who gavemethe

inspiration,

shared their knowledge and 3D skills with _me, and

finally

helped me to finish _my

movie.

They

played an important role in _my extensive _training and I am

deeply

thankfulto them.

Conceptand

Story

Idea

Several years ago I read an article which is about

discussing

the change of

human beings in today's modem society. In

big

cities, people seem to be close

physicallybutthedistance betweenpeopleis_veryfarthatmostpeople are unaware of.

touch, a_smile,akind_word, a

listening

_ear,anhonestcompliment, orthesmallestact

of_caring,allofwhichhavethepotentialtoturnalifearound". Thesefewsentences

inspiredmeto create a movie whichcan

bring

people_{closer, to} collide, andtomake

contact. In_mymovie"The Free_Gift",the

boy

expressedhis loveand feelingsto the

girl in a _witty way.

Hopefully

people who watched _my movie will like to further

express their true feelings to all the people in their lives, not _{only to} their family,

friends,

orthepersons_theylove.

Movie Title

"The Free Gift"

is a _story about love. The gift in this movie is a medium to

expresstheboy's feelingsto a girl.Inaddition, it isalsoagood startto tell thepeople who youlikethatyou are still concerned aboutthem.

Preproduction

Treatment

My

original_storyisaboutthe

boy

whofalls in lovewitha girl at firstsight and tries to find a _way to express his love to her. The biggest problem of _{my story}

structureisthat the conflicts_apparentlyaretooweakinthismovie. Itried tocreate another sidekick character to

bring

these conflicts _up and _eventually come to the

conclusion. The problems thatneed to be faced and solved

by

theprotagonist are caused

by

this sidekick character. The

interesting

fact isthatthis sidekick character

is also the

key

who helped the

boy

and the girl get together finally. This third

Character DesignandAesthetics

Since the characters were set _up as the employees who helped to promoteRed

Dragon's Cafe

by

delivery

the

flyers,

I checked_{many Halloween}costumes online as

references. As tothe design forthereddragon_{mask, I} combined theimages from

theChinesedragonandthewestern

dragon,

andthenrecreateda_totallyuniquedragon

image

by

_{my imagination.} The design for the girl is a challenge for me. I was

thinking about two types of _clothing, modem and traditional ones when I was

designing

her. I

finally

madehermoremodemin looktofit intheCafescene.

Storyboarding

Thismovie includes over 50 shotsto cover thewhole storyline. Althoughthe

storylineisnot_{complicated, there}are_manysmall eventsincluded in_mymovie. The

camera positions I chose for the shots are _mainly close shots. The reason is that

facial expressions ofthe characters here _play a _very important role and the more

audiences canseecharacters'

expressions,themore andeasiertheiremotionswillbe

involvedinthe story. Alsothe_timing for shotsis_very dramatic. Thepace comes

in _slow, and little

by

little it speeds_up until the conflicts _appear, and then it slows

Production

Modeling

In "The FreeGift"

I mainlyusedtwopowerful _modelingmethods: polygon and

sub-D to build most of _my characters and background.

They

made it easier to

achieve a greaterorganic realismfor mymodels.AnotherreasonthatI chose polygon

isthatitmade_{my life}much easier whenI appliedthe textures to_mymodels. Istarted

theprocess of_modeling the characters withtheNURBS Curve Tool. After

having

therough shape ofthe

body

parts

built,

I transferredthemfrom NURBS topolygons.

Then I made minor adjustments to the shapes of characters and combined them as

well. After

having

_mycharacter assembledinone_piece, I startedto focusmore on

musculature andbetter definitionof_my

characters'

body

parts. Itransferredpolygon

partstosub-Dtorefine and adddetails inthismode. Inthe_{final modeling}processI

transferredsub-Dbacktopolygons againtopreparefortexturing.

During

the_modelingprocess I have learned many techniques in_Maya, such as

image plane _preparation, Append to Polygon _Tool, SubDivisionHierarchy, Polygon

Proxy

Modeling,surface_{conversion, mirroring, attaching,}and anumberof additional

tipsformodeling. 3D

Modeling

isa_{verytime-consuming}processanditneedsalot

of patience. _However,Iwas_veryenjoyable whenIwas_{modeling my}characters and

Iwas_very

happy

withthemwhen_theyweredone.

Texturing

Before I createdtextures _{for my} characters, I spent quite_plenty oftime to edit

and clean_{my UV}layouts foreach model.AgoodUVlayoutalsohelpsalottodefine

and _{apply flawless} textures to polygon _{models, resulting in} phenomenal detail and

accuracy. _Besides, it saves a lot of time throughout the workflow. As to the

textures,IusedPSDtexturesin Mayaandtheneditedit inPhotoshop. Ialso created

many

Bump

Maps and Specular Maps ontexturesto make them lookmore realistic

andincrease morevisual details. The window glass texture_{in my Cafe shop} wasa

challenge. Itried tomakeit looktransparentand_clear,butontheother

hand,

Ineed

that _my audiences notice it as well. _Therefore, I added some bluish color to the

ambient color layer and added a glow on _my glass texture.

By

this _waythe glass

windowbecamemorevivid andnoticeable. The overall colorsIused inthis movie

arebrightand_cheery,which gavethismovie more_cartoonyand comediclook.

Rigging

I used the smooth bind to _rig all _my characters. It looked much more natural

when I animated them _using the smooth bind than _using the rigid bind. I _simply

built_verybasic skeletonrigs forthembecause I will exportthemto MotionBuilder

fortheanimation part. Italso saved me a significant amount oftime on_riggingand

setting up my characters. The other tools and techniques I used

during

_rigging

processin Mayaare_{clusters, BlendShapes,}skin weights and custom_rigcontrols.

Animating

Facial expression played a _very important role in _my movie. Therefore I used

manyclose shots in here. Another_thingthatIwanttomention here isthatI chose

MotionBuilder, a _verypowerful _animating program to _{do my} animation instead of

animating in Maya. I exported models from Maya and imported them to

MotionBuilder, where them got rigged and animated. When the animations were

done in_{MotionBuilder,} Iexportedthemfromthere andimported backintoMayaand

then rendered. The best feature I like in this software is its real time animation

performances,alleviatingtheneedtopreview_myanimations frequently. Besides, it

also provided a _very powerful full

body

FK/IK manipulation rig. I created most

major animations in MotionBuilder and then did some detail animations, such as

fingers,

facial animationsin Maya. I foundoutthis isthemost efficient_wayforme

toanimate_mycharactersforthemovie.

Lighting

and

Rendering

I stared withthe most basic three-point lights:

Key

_light, Fill light , and Back

light. For the inside scene,I used spotlight for floor lamps. Somehow I feltthat

theshadows ofthelightswere not so _easytocontrol sinceI had_manylightsand_shots,

thenIdecidedto editthe shadoweffects inAfterEffects insteadofhere inMaya. I

used a newfeature inMaya-_{Render Layerssystemfor my final renderingprocess. I}

rendered various parts of_my scenes separately. It gave me more control over the

final images. AndIcan manage_myscenes

by

_{adding details}and_makingchangesto

elements _quickly and _efficiently with Render Layers. When I needed to make a

change, I didn't need to re-render the whole image. Instead, I simply needed to

re-renderthepartofimagesthatIwantedtochange orjusteditit inAfterEffects.

SpecialEffects

For characters'

hair,

IusedPaintEffects in Maya. I found outthatthis system

was _{very easy}to use. WhatIneeded to dowas to make the objects _paintable, and

then choose a brush from presets in the visor, and

finally

edit it in settings.

Moreover,itlookedvivid and gave_mycharactersmorepersonallook.

Another importantspecialeffectsthatIneededtodealwith_{in my}moviewasthe

scene of _spilling coffee. I

finally

decided to create the fluid effect

by

another

simulation tool: RealFlow. RealFlow is a _very good product and one that I found

quick to learn. It was _very

interesting

here to explore and learn how to use this

program. Therewere _manyvariables here to_play withto optimize _my scenes and then Icangetthebestresults and realism. The speed of workflow comparedtojust

usingparticlesystems withinMayais prettygood andfast. The finalresult was also better and more realistic than Maya's particle system. I was _very

happy

with the

Postproduction

Sound Effects

I bought a royalty-free sound FX

Library

DVD from Digital Juice. I added

some

Foley

effects andatmospheretoenhance_myscenes. For theCafeshot_scene,I

createda completeCafe_environment, formglasses_tinklingand dinnerware clanking

tothegeneralhumof_{conversation,}inordertoconvincetheaudiencesthat

they

arein

a

bustling

Cafe shop. Other sound _effects, such as

characters'

screaming,

expressionsof_{surprise, papers,}andfootstepswere usedfromthisDVDtoo.

Music

Musicalwaysinfluencesusthroughoutour

daily

life.Itis_especiallyimportant in

movies oranimations. Ibelievemusic canhave manyroles; itcan addto thedrama

and_emotion,gluethingstogether,

help

thingsflow,etc.

The music songs in _mymovie were from the musical class of sound FXDVD

andStack Traxx High Impact Stacks DVD fromDigital Juice. Iused some musical

setsfrom_them, edited thesein_Premiere, andthenputthese songs in different scene

segments in order to make the translations sound _smoother, natural and match the

mood well.

Compositing

and

Editing

IusedAfterEffectstodomost_compostingand_{editing for}thismovie. Since_my

characters, background, and shadows were rendered separately, adjusting and

changing each element or even various scenes became _{very easy} to apply. The

biggestchangesI made in AfterEffectsweretoadjustthecolor ofthe shadows andI

tried to make the color of each scene match well. The opening,

logos,

and the

creditswere alsoeditedin AfterEffects.

Feedback

I was glad that I got some positive praises and suggestions as well from the

audience

during

the screening. I was _very

happy

that most of teachers and _my

friendstold me_they liked my _story, and thatthe characters and_texturing were_very

impressiv. Oneof_{my friends} told meshe felt really moved whenthemovie ended

and she watched it again and again. One professor in _{my screening} thought _my

editing was too fast in the

beginning

of_{the story} and it might confuse people. I

thought it was a _very good suggestion for me because it is _very important to give

audiences a_veryclearintroductionof_setting and charactersinthe_very

beginning

of

thestory.

Conclusion

Iwas_reallyexcitedwhen_mymovie was screenedin frontof audiences at school.

Finally

I _{finished my} own complete 3D computer animation work after several

months'

hard work. I experienced all these steps, from the _very

beginning

preproductionprocess:_{Scriptwriting,}CharacterDesigning,

Drawing

the environments,

Creating

Storyboards, to the production process: _{Modeling, Texturing, Lighting,}

Animating, Rendering, and

finally

tothefinal

Composting

and Editing. Inorderto

finish and enhance the _quality of_{my movie,} Ialso learned some_programs, such as

MotionBuilder, AfterEffects, RealFlow, and Premiere. I collected as _many

learning

resources as_possible, from internet_tutorials,

books,

_classes,to videotutorialsforme

to learnthesenew programs

by

myself. The

learning

process was_very

difficult,

but

itwas

definitely

worththetime. Therefore I have learned_many animationtheories

Appendix A

The Free Gift

By Chia-Chi Cho

MFA imaging Arts & Computer Animation School of Film and Animation Rochester Institute of Technology

Running Time: 3 Minutes

the winter is cold, but something warm still exists somewhere (the cold, cruel world vs. the warm human heart)

Skip Battaglia

Part1: The first meet

On a snowy morning, a boy named Takeshi is standing in front of a Japanese-style

coffee shop. There is a very big and clear shop sign 'Java Dog's Cafe' in front.

Takeshi, who wears a dog costume, is handing out the shop advertising materials to

is

helping

him holdthe_bigpile ofadvertisementflyers. This littlecreature's nameis

Maluco. Heworks withTakeshi in Java Dog'sCafe. Maluco keeps

looking

around

andhiseyeballs

keep

turning. His

body

isstill,dueto the_bigpile ofpapersthathe

carries. Meanwhile a_girl,Minami, passes

by

andthenenterstheJava Dog's Cafe.

The

boy

Takeshi keeps

looking

at the girl Minami through the clear cafe glass

window. The creature Maluco puts his papers _aside, and also looks through the

windowfromoutside. Hestickshis faceontheglass window and makes a_{wry face.}

Part2: Theconflict(Insidethe_cafe)

(The first_time)

The_boyTakeshiwalks out ofthe_{kitchen. Now he is wearing}thewaiter's suit. He

holdsa plate with a_cupof coffee onit. Nearthe cornerof_{the wall, there}is ahuge

shelf with severaldifferent kindsofdog-facemasksonit. Maluco is

dozing

off onthe

shelf. When Takeshiwalks in frontof_{the shelf,} Malucomakesthe_somniloquy and

incautiouslykicksoffa_dogmask. The_dogmaskfalls justright onTakeshi's head.

He tries to get rid ofthe mask but fails. At this moment Maluco wakes _up and

realizes that he has brought Takeshi a _big trouble. Maluco jumps on Takeshi's

shoulders andhelps himtogetridofthemaskwithhis all efforts. Afterthemaskis

loosened from Takeshi's _head, it drops away. Later Takeshi and Maluco feel

something wrong and notice thatthe maskhas fallen on Minami's head thistime.

Theyfeelembarrassed andlookateachother.

(Later)

TheboyTakeshiwalksoutagain. He stillholdsa platewith a coffee onhis hand.

Whenhewalksin frontofthe_shelf,he looks backaroundtomakes surethatMaluco

isnotthere. AtthismomentMalucois _chasinga_flyin front. Thenthe

fly

stops on

Takeshi's onefoot. Maluco grabsthisgreat chance. He jumps high and treads on

Takeshi's foot. Takeshicries_loud,and_mindlesslyspillsthecoffeeonMinami's face.

Shecries outlouderandleavesthecafeangrily. Takeshiisupset and watchesMinami

disappearing

inthefar.

Part3: A_turningpoint

Inthenext_morningaroundthesame_time,thegirlMinamiappearsinfrontofthe

cafe again. The

boy

Takeshi isstill

handing

outthe _advertisingpapersforthecafe

shopwithhis

dog

costume onthestreet. WhenthegirlMinamipasses

by

Takeshi,he

hurriedlyhandsa promo papertoher. _However,Minamishakesherheadandrefuses

himwitha smile. AfterMinamiwalks_{away, suddenly,}thecreatureMalucograbsthe

promopaper from Takeshi's hand and runs to Minami. Minami stops her steps,

accepts thepaperfrom Maluco andtakesalookatthepaper. Onthepaperitshows

the Java Dog's Cafe. In the center there is a_big hand

drawing

gift picture. The

informationisprintedinredcoloronit. Itsays,"3/26/2005 8:00AM Place: In front

ofJava Dog's Cafe Free Mysteriousgift₍Withbiggerwords)."

Part4:The Muse

(Thescene willcutbetween Minamiand_Takeshi.)

Thegirl Minami_{is sitting inside} thecafe and

looking

atthepromo paper onher

hand. Thenthe scene will cut to_Takeshi, who is still

handing

outthe _advertising

papersoutsidethecafeinthe

heavy

winter snow. Thenthescene will cutbackto the

PartS: The TVuth

(03/26/20058:00_AM)

Minami,whois

bringing

theadvertisement paperwith_her,appears in frontof

theJava Dog's Cafe. TakeshiandMaluco are_alreadythere. TakeshigivesMinamia

littleelaborateheart-shapedgiftboxwhenshe approacheshim. Minamireceivesthe giftfromTakeshi,giveshima sweetsmile,takesalookatthe gift,andthen turnsto

leave. While Minami walks to the corner of the street, she notices_3, 4pieces of

advertisingpapers,whichhave beenthrown_{awaybypeople,}areontheground. She picks one ofthem and finds outthe differencebetween this _advertising paperand

hers. Onthisabandonedpaper, thereisnot_anyred colored'free

gift'

word onit. She muses awhile andthenturnsbacktolookatTakeshi. MeanwhileTakeshi has_already

takenoffhis dog'smask. Minamilooksathimandsmiles pleasantly. _Maluco,whose

lower_bodyiscovered_bysnowflakes,isalso_smilingatthis_happymoment.

Thesis Timeline by

Chia-Chi Cho

Spring2004

Weekl Concept-Treatment

Week2 Concept-Treatment

Week3 Concept-TreatmentFinish

Week4 Refine-Treatment

Week5 Refine-Treatment

Week6 Class Feedback

Weekl Final Script

WeekS ThesisProposal

Week9 Refine-Treatment

WeeklO Thesis_Proposal;Storyboard & Design

Summer 2004

Weekll CharacterDesign₍1₎

Weekl2 CharacterDesign₍₂₎

WeekU CharacterDesign

(3)

Weekl4 Character Design₍₄₎

WeeklS Character

Modeling

₍₁₎

Weekl6 Character

Modeling

₍₂₎

Weekl 7 Character

Modeling

₍₃₎

WeekU Character

Modeling (4)

Weekl9 Character

Modeling

₍₅₎

Week20 Character_{Rigging (1)}

Fall2004

Week21 Character

Rigging

₍₂₎

Week22 Character_Rigging

(3)

Week23 Texture₍₁₎;

Early

Sound(Clicktrack,etc.₎

(1)

Week24 Texture_(2);EarlySound₍Click_track,etc.₎

(2)

WeeklS Texture₍₃₎

Week26 Texture

(4)

Week2 7 Environment Set₍1

)

Week28 EnvironmentSet

(2)

WeekiO

Lighting

&

Texturing (

1

)

Winter 2004

WeekU

Lighting

&

Texturing (2)

Week32

Lighting

&

Texturing (3)

Week33 CharacterAnimation

(

1

)

- Parti

Week34 Character Animation

(2)

- Parti

Week35 Character Animation

(3)

- Part2

Week36 Character Animation

(4)

- Part2

Week37 Character Animation

(5)

- Part3

Week38 Character Animation

(6)

- Part4

Week39 Character Animation₍₇₎- Part4

Week40 Character Animation

(8)

- Part4

Sonne 2005

Week41 Render₍₁₎

Week42 Render

(2)

Week43 Render

(3)

Week44 Particle

(1)

Week4S Particle

(2)

Week46 Composition&Edit

Week47 Music&Soundtracks

(1)

Week48 Music & Soundtracks

(2)

Week49 Rerender

WeekSO Transferto_Tapes,DVDs

Thesis

Budget

by

chta-cht cho

Description

Per Unit

Cost(S)

Amount Estimate

Expense

Actual

Expense

Research 300 300

Storyboard 1000 50

ArtSupplies 400 400

Paper 40 5reams 200 200

Layout 1000 100

Character

Design

70 3 210 20

3DCharacter

Modeling

500 3 1500 30

3D Character

Animation

6000 80

Texturing

500 300

3D Background 2000 20

Sound Track 500 0

Composition 300 30

Software 9000 0

Digital Camera 550 1 550 550

DVDs 1 20 20 20

RemovableHD 250 1 250 250

Workstation 2500 1 2500 0

DVCam Tapes 10 4 40 40

Appendix B

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Chia-Chi Cho

Appendix

C

Appendix D

Appendix E

Produced

by

Chia-Chi Cho

Music

by

Digital Juice

Sound Effects

by

Digital Juice

Faculty

Advisors:

Skip

Battaglia

Duane Palyka

Aharon Charnov