Design and Implementation of MCU using wireless communication Based Wi-Fi and GPRS

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c _{e-ISSN: 2348-6848, p- ISSN: 2348-795X Volume 2, Issue 12, December 2015}

International Journal of Research (IJR)

Available at http://internationaljournalofresearch.org

Design and Implementation of MCU using wireless

communication Based Wi-Fi and GPRS

Abhijeet kukade

1

_{; R.Raja Kishore}

2

_{& Dr. M N Yadav}

3

Center for Electronic Research & Development, Dept of ECE, Mallareddy Institute of Engineering and Technology, Secunderabad, India

E Mail: 1abhijeetkukade2012@gmail.com; 2rajakishore.r@gmail.com; 3 ecehod.mriet@gmail.com

Abstract:

The study of remote wireless monitoring system, which based on the MCU (micro control unit Programming) and GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) architecture, can well meet the needs of these applications. This paper introduces the overall system architecture, discusses in detail the key technology of the communication between MCU and the Internet. The purpose of system is to implement the remote wireless communication between MCU and GPRS. The proposed project aims in designing an automatic operated system which is capable of controlling the electrical devices based on the sensors unit . This system creates a new era in the automation system. This system integrates human-machine interface. The controlling device of the whole system is done using PIC Microcontroller. Whenever the sensors unit gets the input from respected sensors like temperature LM35 sensor, level indicator sensor LM324 and Gas leakage detector .these inputs are fed to the PIC microcontroller. The PIC Microcontroller performs appropriate task related to the data received like motor ON/OFF control, fan as coolant control system. The PIC microcontroller is also interfaced with GPRS module which is used to display the devices monitoring status directly to the predefined webpage. And we can also control the devices using GPRS SMS services. The PIC Microcontroller used in the project is programmed using Embedded C language.

Keywords: PIC controller; Wi-fi; Gprs; LCD

display

PROBLEM DEFINATION:

An embedded system is a combination of

software and hardware to perform a dedicated task.

Some of the main devices used in embedded

products are Microprocessors and

Microcontrollers.

Microprocessors are commonly referred to as general purpose processors as they simply accept the inputs, process it and give the output. In contrast, a microcontroller not only accepts the

data as inputs but also manipulates it, interfaces the

data with various devices, controls the data and

thus finally gives the result. The project“ Design

and Implementation of MCU and the Internet

Communication System Based on GPRS” using

PIC microcontroller is an exclusive project which is used to control the robot using speech recognition module and mobile phone.

RELATED WORKS:

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International Journal of Research (IJR)

system of wireless smart home sensor network based on ZigBee and PSTN (Public Switched

Telephone Network) technologies. (2)

Environmental monitoring, including humidity, temperature and radiation. For instance, Rosiek and Batlles [4] presented a system of data-acquisition from remote meteorological stations using the mobile communication networks (more specifically, GPRS). (3) Fault tracking and fault management. For example, in [5], the authors developed an online diagnosis and real time warning system for vehicles using 3G technologies and GPRS communications. (4) Health monitoring. For instance, Monton et al [6] designed an e-health approach to monitoring data of specific population,

such as electroencephalograms,

electrocardiograms, electromyograms and so on, which uses ZigBee-based WSNs. ZigBee is particularly suited for the implementation of a wide range of low cost, low power consumption,

reliable control and real-time monitoring

applications within the smart home situations. The abovementioned four application areas are also closely related to the design of a WSN for smart homes. In the past, research in smart home and in-home applications was often limited to ZigBee technology, and gradually other long-distance network technologies such as PSTN [3] and GSM [7] are adopted. It turns out that the use of these technologies makes information more accessible. This would significantly improve people’s living quality. However, as a traditional wired network, PSTN has some problems, such as unsatisfactory security assurance, inconvenience and high cost. Therefore we need a new solution. Among other choices, the GPRS technology can solve these problems. Thanks to its unprecedented ubiquity, GPRS is now available almost anytime and

anywhere, for anybody (being served).

Furthermore,

the GPRS network has a highly secure infrastructure, which makes sure that the information sent or received cannot be stolen [7]. Based on these observations, we propose to develop a new system utilizing ZigBee sensor

networks and the GPRS network connecting the ZigBee networks to the application server. Details about the design and implementation of the system are presented in the following sections.

SYSTEM DESIGN:

Microcontrollers: Circumstances that we find ourselves in today in the field of microcontrollers had their beginnings in the development of

technology of integrated circuits. This

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Water level sensor LM324 :

The LM324 series consists of four independent, high gains ;internally frequency compensated operational amplifiers which were designed specifically to operate from a single power supply over a wide range of voltages. Operation from split power supplies is also possible and the low power supply current drain is independent of the magnitude of the power supply voltage.

Application areas include transducer amplifiers, DC gain blocks and all the conventional op amp

circuits which now can be more easily

implemented in single power supply systems. For example, the LM124 series can be directly operated off of the standard +5V power supply voltage which is used in digital systems and will easily provide the required interface electronics without requiring the additional ±15Vpower supplies.TheLM124LM124/LM224/LM324/LM29 02Low Power Quad Operational Amplifiers series are op amps which operate with only a single power supply voltage, have true-differential inputs ,and remain in the linear mode with an input common-mode voltage of 0 VDC. These amplifiers operate over a wide range of power supply voltage with little change in performance Characteristics. At 25°C amplifier operation is possible down to a minimum supply voltage of 2.3 VDC.

The pin outs of the package have been designed to simplify PC board layouts. Inverting inputs are adjacent to outputs for all of the amplifiers and the outputs have also been placed at the corners of the package (pins 1, 7, 8, and 14).Precautions should be taken to insure that the power supply for the integrated circuit never becomes reversed in polarity or that the unit is not inadvertently installed backwards in a test socket as an unlimited current surge through the resulting forward diode within the IC could cause fusing of the internal conductors and result in a destroyed unit. Large

differential input voltages can be easily

accommodated and, as input differential voltage protection diodes are not needed, no large input currents result from large differential input voltages. The differential input voltage may be larger than V+ without damaging the device. Protection should be provided to prevent the input voltages from going negative more than −0.3 VDC (at 25°C). An input clamp diode with a resistor to the IC input terminal can be used.

LM 35:

The LM35 sensor series are precision integrated-circuit temperature sensors, whose output voltage is linearly proportional to the Celsius (Centigrade) temperature. To detect the heat produced during fire occurrence we use temperature sensor. The Temperature Sensor LM35 sensor series are precision integrated-circuit temperature sensors, whose output voltage is linearly proportional to the Celsius (Centigrade) temperature.

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International Journal of Research (IJR)

used in gas leakage detecting equipment in consumer and industry applications, this sensor is suitable for detecting LPG, iso-butane, propane, LNG. Avoid the noise of alcohol, cooking fumes and cigarette smoke. The sensitivity can be adjusted by the potentiometer.

Relay:

A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an electromagnet to operate a

switching mechanism, but other operating

principles are also used. Relays find applications where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low-power signal, or where several circuits must be controlled by one signal. The first relays were used in long distance telegraph circuits, repeating the signal coming in from one circuit and re-transmitting it to another. Relays found extensive use in telephone exchanges and early computers to perform logical operations.

A type of relay that can handle the high power required to directly drive an electric motor is called a contactor. Solid-state relays control power circuits with no moving parts, instead using a semiconductor device triggered by light to perform switching. Relays with calibrated operating characteristics and sometimes multiple operating coils are used to protect electrical circuits from overload or faults; in modern electric power systems these functions are performed by digital instruments still called "protection relays".

GPRS Module :

General packet radio service (GPRS) is a packet oriented mobile data service on the 2G and 3G cellular communication systems global system for mobile communications (GSM). The service is available to users in over 200 countries worldwide. GPRS was originally standardized by European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) in response to the earlier CDPD and i-mode packet

switched cellular technologies. It is now

maintained by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). GPRS is a mobile telephony service, which simply put allows mobile phone users to connect to the Internet using their phones. It was widely used, before mobile phones started becoming Wi-Fi enabled. It is very much in the backseat as of now, although it presents a viable alternative in emergencies, when other means of connecting to the Internet are not available.

The General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is a new service that provides actual packet radio

access for Global System for Mobile

Communications (GSM) and Time-Division

Multiple Access (TDMA) users. It provides for the transmission of IP packets over existing cellular networks, bringing the Internet to the mobile phone. Anything the Internet offers, from web browsing to chat and email, will be available from GSM and TDMA service providers via GPRS-enabled devices.

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send and it reduces reliance on traditional

circuit-switched network elements. The increased

functionality of GPRS will decrease the

incremental cost to provide data services, an occurrence that will, in turn, increase the penetration of data services among consumer and business users. In addition, GPRS will allow improved quality of data services as measured in terms of reliability, response time, and features supported. The unique applications that will be developed with GPRS will appeal to a broad base of mobile subscribers and allow operators to differentiate their services. These new services will increase capacity requirements on the radio and base-station subsystem resources. One method GPRS uses to alleviate the capacity impacts is sharing the same radio resource among all mobile stations in a cell, providing effective use of the scarce resources. In addition, new core network elements will be deployed to support the increased use of data services more efficiently.

transmission mode, module encapsulates the received data into TCP/UDP packets and sends them to remote end. Furthermore, it can send the TCP/UDP packets that come from remote end to STM32W108. It contains a protocol head (8 Bytes) and data field (maximum is 256 Bytes). The EMSP protocol consists of 12 commands to implement module control, network control and network communication.

Wi-Fi module ESP 8266

ESP 8266 is a Wi-Fi module that can be

interfaced to microcontroller for wireless

communication. It has full TCP/IP protocol stack. It accepts the commands via serial interface UART & then responds back with the operations outcome. It has high frequency clock signal to drive its transmitter & receiver which is generated by internal & external oscillators. It supports the specifications of 802.11 developed IEEE for wireless lan technology. It is design for 3.5V. easy to use & low cost

LCD Background:

One of the most common devices attached to a micro controller is an LCD display. Some of the most common LCD’s connected to the many microcontrollers are 16x2 and 20x2 displays. This means 16 characters per line by 2 lines and 20 characters per line by 2 lines, respectively.

SYSTEM IMPLENTATION AND

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION :

This project is implemented using following software’s:

 Express PCB – for designing circuit

 PIC C compiler - for compilation part

 Proteus 7 (Embedded C) – for simulation

part PIC Compiler:

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microcontroller for further processing. PIC compiler also supports C language code.

It’s important that you know C language for microcontroller which is commonly known as Embedded C. As we are going to use PIC Compiler, hence we also call it PIC C. The PCB, PCM, and PCH are separate compilers. PCB is for 12-bit opcodes, PCM is for 14-bitopcodes,

and PCH is for 16-bit opcode PIC

microcontrollers. Due to many similarities, all three compilers are covered in this reference manual. Features and limitations that apply to only specific microcontrollers are indicated within. These compilers are specifically designed to meet the unique needs of the PIC microcontroller. This allows developers to quickly design applications software in a more readable, high-level language. When compared to a more traditional C compiler, PCB, PCM, and PCH have some limitations. As an example of the limitations, function recursion is not allowed.

This is due to the fact that the PIC has no stack to push variables onto, and also because of the way the compilers optimize the code. The compilers can efficiently implement normal C constructs, input/output operations, and bit twiddling operations. All normal C data types are supported along with pointers to constant arrays, fixed point decimal, and arrays of bits.

PIC C is not much different from a normal C program. If you know assembly, writing a C program is not a crisis. In PIC, we will have a main function, in which all your application specific work will be defined. In case of embedded C, you do not have any operating system running in there. So you have to make sure that your program or main file should never exit. This can be done with the help of simple while (1) or for (;;) loop as they are going to run infinitely.We have to add header file for controller you are using, otherwise you will not be able to access registers related to peripherals.

4.3 Proteus:

Proteus is software which accepts only hex files. Once the machine code is converted into hex code, that hex code has to be dumped into the microcontroller and this is done by the Proteus. Proteus is a programmer which itself contains a microcontroller in it other than the one which is to be programmed. This microcontroller has a program in it written in such a way that it accepts the hex file from the pic compiler and dumps this hex file into the microcontroller which is to be programmed. As the Proteus programmer requires power supply to be operated, this power supply is given from the power supply circuit designed and connected to the microcontroller in proteus. The program which is to be dumped in to the microcontroller is edited in proteus and is compiled and executed to check any errors and hence after the successful compilation of the program the program is dumped in to the microcontroller using a dumper.

DESCRIPTION:

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CONCLUSION :

In this paper, the GPRS Wi-Fi wireless gateway based on PIC microcontroller and EMW-380 Wi-Fi module can connect the GPRS network to standard network seamlessly. From the result of performance test it is observed that the performance and stability of wireless gateway suits the usual target of WSN application, which is low real time demand, small amount of data transmission and low bandwidth. As WSN applications expand further research can focus on the low power design of wireless gateway, using wireless gateway ID to identify different deployment environments and adopting embedded Web Server technology enables users to visit different WSNs information.

REFERENCES

[1]. David Culler, Deborab Esrtin, Mani Sivastava, “Overview of sensor networks”, IEEE Computer Society, August 2004.

[2]. ZigBee Alliance, Latest ZigBee specification

including the PRO feature set.

http://www.zigbee.org, 2005.

[3]. Hong-jiang He, Zhu-qiang Yue, and Xiao-jie Wang, “Design and realization of wireless sensor network gateway based on ZigBee and GPRS,” Int. Conf. Inf. Comput. Sci., ICIC. Manchester, United kingdom: IEEE Computer Society, 2009, pp.196-199.

[4]. Cai Hao, Feng Renjian, and Wan Jiangwen, Wireless sensor network gateway with multi-communication methods [J]. Chinese Journal of Sensor and Actuators. 2008, 21(1):169-172.

[5]. Ali.Khidir.M, Owens.Thomas J, “Access mechanisms in Wi-Fi networks state of art, flaws and proposed solutions”, ICT: Int. Conf. Telecommun. Doha, Qatar: IEEE Computer Society, 2010, pp.280-287.

[6].

STMicroelectronics,STM32W108HBSTM32W108 CB DataSheet. http://www.st.com/mcu, 2010.

[7]. Ghasemi Abdorasoul, Razavizadeh S.

Mohammad, “A simple MAC protocol for cognitive wireless networks”,

IEICE Trans Commun. vol E92-B, pp. 3693-3700, 2009.

[8]. STMicroelectronics, UM0923 User manual

EmberZNet™ application developer guide.