UNIT 1 WRAP-UP WHY STUDY HISTORY?

(1)

(2)

... ON LOCATION

Louise Leakey, Paleontologist Time Line of World Events

Geography in History: The Last Ice Age

Chapter 1

4 6 8

THE DEVELOPMENT OF

HUMAN SOCIETIES

...

10

Section 1 The Paleolithic Age 1.1 Discovering Prehistory 1.2 The Elements of Culture ... . 1.3 Changing Environments 1.4 Moving into New Environments 1.5 National Geographic Explorer Jeffrey Rose: 12 14 16 18 Tracking Migration Out of Africa 20 1.6 ^{Cave Art} 22 Section 2 The Neolithic Age 2.1 Nomadic Hunter-Gatherers 2.2 The Beginnings of Domestication 2.3 The Agricultural Revolution ? _4 <;tudvimi the Past •.... . . 24 26 28 30

WHY STUDY HISTORY ? Chapter 2

Dr. Fredrik Hiebert Archaeology Fellow, National Geographic Society

1

ORIGINS OF CIVILIZATION

...

34

Section 1 Early Villages 1.1 Centers of New Ideas.. •.. ... . 36

1.2 Southwest Asia: c;atalhoyi.ik ... 38

1.3 China: Banpo. • ... .• • . • . ... 40

1.4 Mesoamerica: Oaxaca ... 42

1.5 North Africa: Faiyum ... ... 44

Section 2 The Seeds of Civilization 2.1 Paths to Civilization: Gobekli Tepe. . ..••.. 46

2.2 Traits of Civilization . . .. . •. ... • .•••... 48

2.3 History Through Objects: New Technology. .. . ... SO

UNIT 1 WRAP-UP

... ON LOCATION Louise Leakey, Paleontologist .. ... 54

(3)

ON LOCATION .

~

Christopher Thornton, Archaeologist Time Line of World Events

Geography in History: River Valley Civilizations

Chapter 3

58

60 62

ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA ... 64 Section 1 Sumer

1.1 The Geography of Ancient Mesopotamia 1.2 City-States Develop ... ... . .

1.3 Religion in Sumer... • •• • .. . ....•.••••••

llJ

Document-Based Question:

Sumerian Writing •.•••...•...

1.5 Sargon Conquers Mesopotamia

66

68 70

72 74 Section 2 Babylonia and Later Civilizations

2.1 Hammurabi's Code of Laws. 76 2.2 The Assyrians and the Chaldeans 78

2.3 The Phoenicians 80

2.4 Persian Leaders . . • .. ..••...•.... 82 2.5 The Legacy of Mesopotamia ... 84

Chapter 4

ANCIENT EGYPT ... .

. 88

Section 1 A Society on the Nile

1.1 The Geography of Ancient Egypt 90

1.2 Agriculture Develops. 92

1.3 Egypt Unites 94

Section 2 The Old and Middle Kingdom 2.1 The Old Kingdom

2.2 Daily Life and Religion

IEIJ

Life, Death, and Religion 2.4 The Middle Kingdom Section 3 The New Kingdom

3.1 Hatshepsut Expands Trade 3.2 Biography: Ramses II 3.3 History Through Objects:

Tut's Treasures 3.4 The Rise of Kush

Section 4 The Egyptian Legacy 4.1 Hieroglyphs and Papyrus

4.2 Medicine, Science, and Mathematics 4.3 Art and Architecture

Chapter 5

JUDAISM AND THE ISRAELITE KINGDOMS

Section 1 The Founding of Judaism 1.1 Abraham and Moses

1.2 A Distinct Culture

1.3 Beliefs and Texts of Judaism

llJ

Writings from the Hebrew Bible

98

100

102 104

106 108

110 112

114 116 118

122

124 126 128

130

(4)

Section 2 Kingdoms and Exile 2.1

Israel and Judah

2.2 Exile and Return ... ..

2.3 The Diaspora

2.4

National Geographic Explorer Beverly Goodman: Uncovering the Story of Caesarea's Port

Chapter 6

ANCIENT INDIA

Section 1 Indus River Civilizations 1.1

The Geography of Ancient India 1.2 Harappan Civilization

1.3 Aryan Migrations

1.4 Hindu Beliefs and Practices ••••••••..•

ll:J

Hindu Sacred Texts

1.6

Siddhartha and Buddhism ..•••••••.•.••

Section 2 Indian Empires 2.1

The Maurya Empire 2.2 The Gupta Empire

2

.3 The Legacy of Ancient India

132 134 136

138

142

144

.

146 148 150 152 154

156

.

158 160

Chapter 7

ANCIENT CHINA

Dr. Fredrik Hiebert Archaeology Fellow,

National Geographic Society

Section 1 River Dynasties

1.1

The Geography of Ancient China

1

.2 Shang and Zhou Dynasties

1.3

Chinese Philosophies ... .

II]

Contrasting Belief Systems ...•.

Section 2 China's Empires

2.1

Biography: Shi Huangdi .••...•...• .

2.2

The Great Wall

2

.3 Moments in History:

Terra Cotta Warriors . . ....•••...

2.4

The Han Dynasty. .. . ...••...•

2.5

The Legacy of Ancient China ... .

Section 3 East Meets West

198

164

166

168 170

. 172

174 176 178 180 182

3.1

The Silk Roads . . .

3.2

Trade on the Silk Roads

3.3

History Through Objects:

184

.

186

Goods from the Silk Roads 188

3.4

National Geographic Explorer Fredrik Hiebert:

Excavating Along the Silk Roads •.

190 UNIT 2 W RAP-UP

ll> ON ~OCATION

Christopher Thornton, Archaeologist

194

(5)

~ ON LOCATION

William Parkinson

, Archaeologist ... 200

Time Line of World Events... ...

202

Geography in History: Ancient Gree

ce ... . 204

Chapter 8 ANCIENT GREECE ...

206

Section 1 Early Greece

1.1

Mysterious Minoans... .. 208

1.2

Mycenaean Civilization ...

210

1.3

The Age of Heroes ... 212

1.4

City-States... .

214

1.5

Colonizat

ion and Trade

...

216

Section 2 Sparta and Athens

2.1

Sparta's Mili

tary Society

...

218

2.2

Athens's Democratic Society ... 220

2.3

Uniting Against the Persians ...

222

2.4

Moments in History: The Battle ofThermopylae ... .. ... .. 224

Chapter 9 CLASSICAL GREECE

2

28 Section 1 The Golden Age of Greece

1.1 Pericles and Democracy

230 1.2

The Athenian Empire

232

1.3 Religion and the Gods

234 Section

2

The Peloponnesian War

2.1 War Breaks Out

236

2.2 The Defeat of Athens

238 EIJ

Document-Based Question: Athenian Democracy

240 Section 3 Alexander the Great

3.1 Philip of Macedonia

242 3.2

Biography: Alexander the Great

244

3.3 The Spread of Hellenistic Culture

246 Section 4 The Legacy of Ancient Greece

4.1 Philosophy and Literature

248 4.2

Arts and Architecture

250 4.3

Moments in History: The Parthenon ..•

252

4.4

Democracy and Law

254 UNIT 3 WRAP-UP

~ ON LOCATION

William Parkinson, Archaeologist 258

(6)

• ON LOCATION

Steven Ellis, Archaeologist ...

262

Time Line of World Events

264

Geography in History: From Republic to Empire

266

Chapter 10 THE ROMAN REPUBLIC Section 1 Early Rome

1.1

The Geography of Ancient Rome

1.2

The Founding of Rome

1.3

Republican Government ... .

1.4

The Roman Forum

Section 2 Society and Culture 2.1

Men and Women

2.2

Rich and Poor

2

.3 Gods and Beliefs

Section 3 The Army and Expansion

268 270 272 274 276

278 280 282

3.1

The Roman Army .

284

3.2

History Through Objects: Roman Armor.

286 3

.3 Hannibal and the Punic Wars. •

288 3.4

National Geographic Explorer Patrick

Hunt: Searching for Hannibal's Route

290

3.5

Rome Expands

292 Section 4 The End of the Republic

4.1

The Republic in Crisis

294 4

.2 Biography: Gaius Julius Caesar

296 llJ

The Assassination of Julius Caesar .

298 4

.4 Moments in History: The Ides of March

300

Chapter 11 THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND CHRISTIANITY

Section 1 Life During the Empire 1.1

Augustus and the Pax Romana

1.2

Growth and Trade

1.3

Roman Engineering . . ... .

1.4

The Colosseum

1.5

Villas and Frescoes ... .

1.6

Pompeii •

Section 2 Christianity

304 306 308

... 310 .

312 314 316

2.1

The Origins of Christianity ...

318 2.2

Christianity Spreads ... .. ...

320 Ill

New Testament Literature ...

322 2

.4 The Early Christian Church • • .. . ... • .

324 Section 3 Decline and Fall of the Empire

3.1

The Third Century Crisis .. .• . ... . • ..

326 3.2

Eastern and Western Roman Empires ...

328 3.3

End of the Western Roman Empire ...

330 Section 4 The Legacy of Rome

4.1

Latin and Literature... .... . .. ...

332 4.2

Art, Architecture, and Law • ...

334 4.3

Moments in History:

The Roman Aqueduct ... .

336 UNIT 4 WRAP-UP

9' ON LOCATION

Steven Ellis, Archaeologist . ... ..

340

xiii

(7)

.,_ ON LOCATION

Jodi Magness, Archaeologist ... . Time Line of World Events

Geography in History: The Islamic World

Chapter 12 THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE Section

1

The Early Empire

1.1 The Geography of the Byzantine Empire 1.2 Justinian and Theodora

1.3 Moments in History: The Hagia Sophia 1.4 Life in Constantinople

Section 2 The Later Empire

2.1 The Church Divides 2.2 History Through Objects:

Byzantine Mosaics

2.3 The End of an Empire ... .

Chapter 13 THE ISLAMIC WORLD Section 1 The Roots of Islam

1.1 Trading Crossroads

1.2 The Prophet of Islam ...•..

344 346 348

350

352 354 356 358

360

362 364

368

370 372

1.3 Beliefs and Laws

llJ

The Qur'an and Hadith 1.5 After Muhammad

Section

2

Muslim Dynasties and Empires

374

376 378

2.1 The Umayyads and the Abbasids 380

2.2 Muslim Spain 382

2.3 Moments in History: The Alhambra 384

2.4 The Ottoman Empire 386

2.5 The Safavid and Mughal Empires 388

Section 3 The Legacy of Islamic Culture

3.1 Science and Philosophy 390 3.2 National Geographic Explorer Hayat Sindi:

Aiding People Through Science 392 3.3 Architecture, the Arts, and Literature 394 3.4 History Through Objects: Islamic Art 396

UNIT 5 WRAP-UP

ON LOCATION

.,. Jodi Magness, Archaeologist ₄₀₀

(8)

IJl> ON LOCATION

Christopher DeCorse, Archaeologist Time Line of World Events

Geography in History:

The Geography of Africa ... .

Chapter 14

NORTH AND WEST AFRICA Section 1 North Africa

1.1 A Vast and Varied Land

1.2

Trans-Saharan Trade

1.3

Gold, Salt, and Slaves

1.4

Islam Spreads to Africa .••.•...•.•••

Section 2 West Africa

2 .1

Nok Culture and Iron Technology 2.2 The Kingdom of Ghana

2.3

The Empire of Mali

2.4

The Oral Tradition

lfB

Trans-Saharan Travelers

404 406 408

410 412 414 416 418

420 422 424 426 428

Chapter 15

EAST, CENTRAL, AND SOUTHERN AFRICA Section 1 East Africa

1.1

The Kingdom of Aksum ... .

1.2

Indian Ocean Trade

1.3

East African City-States

Section 2 Central and Southern Africa

2.1

Bantu Migrations

2.2 Great Zimbabwe

2.3 The Kingdom of Kongo ••.•••••••••••.••

UNIT 6 WRAP-UP

IJl> ON LOCATION

Christopher DeCorse, Archaeologist

432 434 436 438

440 442 444

448

(9)

IJ> ON LO~ATION

Francisco Estrada-Belli, Archaeologist... .. 452 Time Line of World Events... .... .... ... 454 Geography in History: The Americas ... 456

Chapter 16

MESOAMERICA ... 458 Section 1 The Olmec and the Zapotec

1.1 The Geography of Mesoamerica •... . .. 460 1.2 Olmec Culture... ... . 462 1.3 The Zapotec and Monte Alban ... .. 464 Section 2 The Maya

2.1 Maya Social Structure ... 466 2.2 Maya Cities ... .... 468 2.3 National Geographic Explorer William

Saturno: Uncovering Maya Murals ... 470

~ Legacy of the Maya ... 472

l(8il Document-Based Question:

Creation Stories ... 474 Section 3 The Aztec

3.1 Tenochtitlan: An Aztec City ... 476 3.2 Aztec Culture ... 478 3.3 Aztec Defeat and Legacy ... . .480

Chapter 17

Dr. Fredrik Hiebert Archaeology Fellow,

SOUTH AND NORTH AMERICA Section 1 Peruvian Cultures

1.1 Pre-Inca Cultures

1.2 History Through Objects:

Peruvian Gold

1.3 Inca Society and Government 1.4 Inca Architecture

1.5 Moments in History:

The Inca and Spanish Meet Section 2 North American Cultures

2.1 Northwest Coast Cultures 2.2 The Ancient Pueblo 2.3 Peoples of the Great Plains 2.4 The Mound Builders and Cahokia 2.5 Cultures in the East and Southeast

UNIT 7WRAP-UP

1J> ON LOCATION

Francisco Estrada-Belli, Archaeologist

512

484

486

488 490 492 494

496 498 500 502 504

508

(10)

II> ON LOCATION . . .

Albert Lin,

Research SC1ent1st/Engineer

Time Line of World Events ..

Geography in History: Asian Empires

Chapter 18

DYNASTIES OF CHINA ..

Section 1 A Golden Age of Prosperity

.

514

. 516

518

520

1.1

Reunification Under the Sui Dynasty

522

1.2

The Spread of Buddhism.. • .. . ... • . ..

524

1.3

Tang and Song Dynasties

526 1.4

The Legacy of Chinese Inventions .•..•....

528 Section 2 The Mongol Empire 2.1

Biography: Genghis Khan ...

530

2.2

Life in Yuan China. ... • • ... .

532 EIJ

Document-Based Question: Travels on the Silk Roads . ... .

534 Section 3 The Ming Dynasty 3.1

Return to Chinese Rule.. . ...

536

3.2

Zheng He's Explorations... ... .

538

3.3

China Turns Inward .... .. •.. . ...

540

3.4

National Geographic Explorer Christine Lee: Exploring China's Diverse Cultures ...

542

Chapter 19

JAPANESE CIVILIZATION . ... .

546 Section 1 Early Japan 1.1

The Geography of Japan ...

548

1.2

Early Beliefs and Cultures ...

550

1.3

Prince Shotoku . • • • .... ... ..

552

1.4

Influences from China ...

554 Section 2 Japanese Art a nd Cu ltur 2.1

Literature and the Arts

EIJ

Document-Based Question: Poetry and Prose

2

.3 Zen Buddhism

Section 3 Japanese Feudalism 3.1

Samurai and Shoguns

3.2

Tools of the Samurai

3.3

Unification and Isolation

Chapter 20

KOREA AND SOUTHEAST ASIA

Section 1 _ Korea's Early History

1.1

The Three Kingdoms

1.2

Korean Artifacts

1.3

Koryo and Choson Dynasties

1.4

Korean Culture

Section 2 Southeast Asian Civilizations 2.1

Vietnamese Kingdoms

2.2

The Khmer Empire

2.3

Angkor Wat ... .

UNIT 8 WRAP-UP

ON LOCATION

• Albert Lin,

Research Sci entis t/ E ngineer

2

570

572

574 576 578

580 582 584

588

xv ii

(11)

.,_ ON LOCATION

Maurizio Seracini, Cultural Heritage Engineer

592

594

Geography in History: Europe, c. 1492

596

Chapter 21

FEUDALISM AND THE MIDDLE AGES

598 Section 1 Feudalism Develops

1.1

Medieval Europe 1.2 Biography: Charlemagne

1.3

National Geographic Writer Caroline Alexander: Investigating a Mysterious Treasure

1.4

Feudal Society

1.5

Medieval Knights

1.6

The Manor System

Section 2 Political and Social Change 2.1

Church and Crown

600 602

604 606 608 610

612 2.2

King John and the Magna Carta

614 EIJ

Charters of Freedom •....•...•.

616 2.4

The Crusades ... ••...•

618

2.5

War and Plague

620

2.6

Moments in History: The Bubonic Plague

622

2.7

Growth ofTowns

624

Chapter 22

RENAISSANCE AND REFORMATION

628 Section 1 The Italian Renaissance

1.1

Rise of the Individual

630 1.2

1.3

1.4 1.5 1.6

New Styles and Techniques •.•.•••••..

632

Moments in History:

Raphael's School of Athens The Medici and the Borgias Biography: Leonardo da Vinci

National Geographic Photographer Dave

634 636 638

Yoder: Searching for a Lost da Vinci

640

Section 2

Dr. Fredrik Hiebert Archaeology Fellow,

The Northern Renaissance and Legacy

690

2.1

The Renaissance Moves North

642 2.2

Biography: William Shakespeare

644

2.3

The Printing Press

646

2.4

Legacy in the Arts and Sciences

648 Section 3 The Reformation

3.1

Protests Against the Catholic Church

650 l!J

Conflict in the Church

652

3.3

The Counter Reformation

654 3.4

The Impact of the Reformation

656

Chapter 23

THE AGE OF SCIENCE AND

EXPLORATION

660 Section 1 The Scientific Revolution

1.1

Roots of the Revolution

662 1.2

Discoveries and Inventions

664

1.3

The Scientific Method

666 Section 2 The Age of Exploration

2.1

An Expanding World

668

2.2

Exploration and Colonization

670

2.3 Moments in History:

Columbus Discovers the New World

672 flJ

^Document-Based Question:

A New World

674

2.5

The Columbian Exchange

676 Section 3 European Empires

3.1

The Spanish Conquest

678

3.2

Portugal's Empire

680

3.3

The Atlantic Slave Trade

682 UNIT 9WRAP-UP

II> ON LO_C~TION • •

Maunz10 Seracin1, Cultural Heritage Engineer

686

(12)

..

ON LOCATION Nina Burleigh, Writer/journalist

...

692

Chapter 25 ···

⁶⁹⁴ FACTORIES, NATIONS, AND EMPIRES 720

Geography in History:

Section

1

The Industrial Revolution

European Empires, c. 1900

...

⁶⁹⁶ _1.1 Factories and Labor 722

Chapter 24

^1.2History Through Objects:

Industrialization 724

ENLIGHTENMENT AND REVOLUTION 698 1.3 Life in the Industrial City 726

Section

1

The Age of Reason

^1.4Effects on Society 728

1.1 The Enlightenment 700 1.5 Shifting Populations: Immigration 730

...

1.2 Enlightenment Thinkers 702

Section

2

Nationalism Around the Wo

rld 1.3 Europe's Rulers and the Enlightenment 704 2.1 Nationalism in Europe 732

Section

2

Revolutions on Three Continents

^2.2Nationalism in Latin America 734

2.1 The American Revolution 706 2.3 The Rise of Meiji Japan 736

2.2 The French Revolution

...

⁷⁰⁸

^Section

³

The New Imperialism

2.3 Moments in History: 3.1 Factors Behind Imperialism 738

The Storming of the Bastille

...

⁷¹⁰ ^3.2British India 740

2.4 From Republic to Empire 712 3.3 The Scramble for Africa 742

2.5 Revolutions in Latin America 714 3.4 Western Powers in Southeast Asia 744

m

Declarations of Freedom

...

⁷¹⁶

UNIT 10WRAP-UP

IJ> ON LOCATION

Nina Burleigh, Writer/journalist ⁷⁴⁸

•i•

(13)

IJ> ON LOCATION

Aziz Abu Sarah, Cultural Educator Time Line of World Events .

Geography in History: The Modern World

Chapter 26

THE WORLD AT WAR.

Section 1 War and Revolution 1.1

The Great War ..••

1.2

Technology and the War ... .

Ill

Memories of World War I .. . . ... . 1.4 The Russian Revolution •

1.5 Europe After World War I

Section 2 Between the Wars

2.1

Economic Collapse

2.2 Life in the Great Depression 2.3 The Rise of Authoritarianism .

Section 3 World War II

3.1 War in Europe ... . 3.2 War in the Pacific. ....•...•.•...

3.3 On the Home Front.. ...•...•....

3.4 The Holocaust. ....•.

3.5 Moments in History: D-Day 3.6 Allied Victories.

752 754 756

758

760 762

764 766 768

770

772

774

776 778 780

782

784 786

WHY STUDY HISTORY ?

Chapter 27

Dr. Fredrik Hiebert Archaeology Fellow,

GLOBAL CONNECTIONS Section 1 A Postwar World

1.1

The Partition of India

1.2

Independence in Southeast Asia 1.3 Postcolonial Africa

1.4 Shifts in Southwest Asia

Section

2

The Cold War

2.1

The Iron Curtain

2.2 A Divided Berlin ... . 2.3 Mao's China

2.4 Cold War Hot Spots 2.5 The Fall of Communism

Section

3

Into the 21st Century

3.1 Transitions to Democracy

3.2 Oil and Conflict in Southwest Asia 3.3 Moments in History:

The Attacks on September 11 3.4 Confronting Terrorism 3.5 The Arab Spring

3.6 Global Citizens in a Global Economy 3.7 New Faces

UNIT 11 WRAP-UP

830

790

792 794 796 798

800 802 804 806 808

810

812

814

816

818

820 822

(14)

D NATIONALGEOGRAPHIC STORIES MAKING HISTORY

The world changes on a daily basis, and National Geographic is there.

Join five National Geographic voices as they tell the stories of five current global events. Learn about these newsworthy topics, discuss what might come next, and think about how these events impact you, the place you live, and the people you know-your global citizenship.

Introduction ...

832

Renewing Relationships:

Cuba and the United States

834

After decades of hostility, two neigh boring countries

work to reopen trade, travel, and diploma

cy.

NG VOICE: Juan Jose Valdez, Geographer

Saving Cultural Heritage

836

Brave individuals work to preserve Syria's cul

tural

heritage amidst civil war and unrest.

NG VOICE: Salam Al Kuntar, Emerging Explorer

Our Shared History

⁸³⁸

When precious artifacts are stolen or go mi

ssing, specialists

spring into action to return them to their hom

eland.

NG VOICE: Fredrik Hiebert, Archaeology Fellow

Into the Okavango Delta:

A Live-Data Expedition

840

Conservationists survey the Okavango Delta in Africa, sharing all of their data in real

-time to call attention

to the protection of the delta's unique ecosystem and the threatened species that rely on it for survival.

NG VOICES: Steve Boyes and Shah Selbe,

Eme

rging Explorers

Peacemaking Through

Photography

842

The unfolding story of the world's newest nation is captured in photographs by South Sudanese students participating in National Geographic's Phot o Camp.

Think It Through ... .

844

Reference Section

Rt

(15)

SPECIAL FEATURES

NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC EXPLORER LESSONS

~ Jeffrey Rose:

Tracking Migration Out of Africa Sarah Parcak:

Sensing Under the Surface ... . Beverly Goodman:

Uncovering the Story of Caesarea's Port Fredrik Hiebert:

Excavating Along the Silk Roads Patrick Hunt:

Searching for Hannibal's Route Hayat Sindi:

Aiding People Through Science

William Saturno:

Uncovering Maya Murals Christine Lee:

Exploring China's Diverse Cultures Caroline Alexander:

Investigating a Mysterious Treasure Dave Yoder:

Searching for a Lost da Vinci

20

96

138

190

290

392

470

542

604

640

PRIMARY AND SECONDARY

SOURCES: OBJECTS AND EXCERPTS

"'1111111111 Bison from Lascaux Cave

Dagger from <;:atalhoyUk Cuneiform Tablet Gilgamesh

The Epic of Creation

Observations by an Assyrian king Hymn to the Nile

Book of the Dead

33 53 73 73 73 87 103 103 Sun God Re in Falcon Form 103 Advice from an Ancient Egyptian Father •• 121 Book of Genesis

Book of Exodus Psalms 23: 1-6 Bhagavad Gita Ramayana Rig Veda

The Last Days of Buddha Analects of Confucius Dao dejing

Han Feizi: Basic Writings

Bronze Flying Horse, Han Dynasty Herodotus on Darius I

History of the Peloponnesian War by Thucydides Ostracon.

Declaration of Independence Silver Denarius

The Lives of the Twelve Caesars

131 131 141 153 153 153 163 173 173 173 193 227

241 241 257 299 299 Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare 299

Twelve Tables 303

The Parable of the Good Samaritan 323 Paul's Epistle to the Galatians

Jesus' Sermon on the Mount Theodora's Speech to Justinian Qur'an, XLIX:13

Qur'an, V:54

Hadith, Sahih Al-Bukhari, 6018 An Oath by Moses Maimonides

Mansa Musa's Visit to Cairo by Al-Umari

323 339 367 377 377 377 399 429

(16)

Catalan Atlas

. . .. .. ... ...•... .•

429 Popul Vuh

. ...

475

Book of Genesis .

475 Pan Gu Creates Heaven and Earth 475

Jade Mask of Pacal

483 Lost City of the Incas

by Hiram Bingham .. .

507 Genghis Khan and the Making of the

Modern World

by Jack Weatherford

535 Travels

by Marco Polo

Passport Medallion

r -

t;f

.,,..

:0 ^,:--

··~I _:1 _;s.:;::;,

~

'::!) 3

.c·

-

" ^'.;,,..

..

Sf.

·c

-.

... ...,

^·^~

.

^'

"

^.:.

'. ..

·.~;.

~ " ~

g!

3l

:5 ~

.... ·~ /

.._ :::J

"'

""':

.

c'f'

..

~

'\ '

^~

535 535

Passport Medallion

Zazen on Ching-t'ing Mountain

by Li Po

545 The Pillow Book

by Sei Shonagon

559 The Tale of Genji

by Murasaki Shikibu

559

Haiku by Matsuo Basho

559

Haiku by Shuson Kato ...

569

On the Trung Sisters .••...•.••••••••••••••.

587

Magna Carta ... . English Bill of Rights ... . U.S. Bill of Rights

Biography of Charlemagne by Einhard 95 Theses

Papal Bull of Pope Leo X Leaflet Against Johann Tetzel

Biography of Michelangelo by Giorgio Vasari

The journal of Christopher Columbus

Map from 1513

The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equia no

Declaration of Independence

Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

Abraham Lincoln's Speech in Philadelphia Cartoon from

Punch

magazine

Diary of Harry Frieman

All Quiet on the Western Front

by Erich Maria Remarque

Nuremberg Trial Document ... . 617

617 617 627 653 653 653 659 675 675 685

. 717

. 717

719

747 765 765 787

PROFILES

~

Cyrus the Great Ramses II

Siddhartha Gautama Shi Huangdi

Pericles

Alexander the Great Gaius Julius Caesar

Gaius Octavian Augustus Genghis Khan

Tokugawa leyasu ... . Charlemagne

Leonardo da Vinci William Shakespeare

HISTORY THROUGH OBJECTS

~ New Technology

Tut's Treasures

Goods from the Silk Roads Roman Armor

Byzantine Mosaics Islamic Art Peruvian Gold Tools of the Samurai

Korean Artifacts Medieval Knights Industrialization

83 108

155

174 231 244

296

307 30

567 602

636

642

50

110 188 286

362 396

488 564 574

608

724

uiii

(17)

MAPS

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Early Human Migration:

100,000-14,000 Years Ago ..•..•••.•.•.•...•.••• •. 19 Out of Africa ... 21 Domestication of Plants and Animals,

S000-S00 B.C. ... . . ... . 29 The Fertile Crescent... •.. .. ....• . 33 Four Cultural Hearths, c. 8000-SOOO s.c. . 37 China's Cultural Hearth •..•

Ancient Mesopotamia, 2SOO B.c.

Akkadian Empire, 2334-2200 s.c.

Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt, c. 3200 s.c.

The Kingdom of Kush, c. 1000 s.c.

Journeys to the Promised Land,

C. 1800-12S0 B.C. ••. . Jewish Diaspora, A.D. 70-SOO The Indian Subcontinent Aryan Migrations, c. lSOO s.c.

The Maurya Empire, c. 2SO s.c.

The Gupta Empire, c. ^{A.D. 400} Ancient China, 1300-600 s.c.

Han Dynasty, 206 s.c.-A.D. 220

Silk Roads Main Route, lSO B.C.-A.D. SOO The Spread of Buddhism

Mycenaean Trade Routes, c. 12SO s.c.

Greek Trade, c. SOO s.c.

Persian Wars, 499-497 s.c.

The Peloponnesian War, 431-404 s.c.

Alexander's Empire, c. 323 s.c.

The Hellenistic World, 241 s.c.

The Hills of Rome .•••..

Hannibal's Route • •.. .•

Roman Expansion, 264-146 s.c. ... . Roman Trade, c. A.D. 117

The Spread of Christianity, c. A.D. SOO Roman Empire: East and West,

C. A.D. 39S. • . . . .• • •

Road Network of the Roman Empire,

C. A.D.117

The Byzantine Empire, A.D. S27-S6S The Schism of 10S4 .... . . Trade in Southwest Asia, c. S70 ..

Ottoman Empire, c. 1683 ...

Spread of Islam, 632-7SO .

North and West African Trade Routes, A.D. 800-lSOO .... .

West African Empires, SOO B.C.-A.D. lSOO

53 67 75 93 113

125 137 144 149 157 158 167 181 185 193 211 217 227 237 245 257 271 291 293 309 321

329

339 353 361 371 387 399

415 423

Spread of lronworking in Africa, SOO B.C.-A.D. 200

East African Trade, c. A.D. 100 Indian Ocean Trade, c. A.D. 800 Bantu Migrations, 2000 B.C.-A.D. SOO Sub-Saharan Kingdoms, c. 1400 Early Mesoamerican Civilizations,

900-SOO B.C.

Maya Civilization, A.D. 2S0-900 The Aztec Empire, 1S03-1S19 The Inca Empire, 1400-1S32 Sui and Tang Dynasties, S81-907 The Yuan Empire, 1294

Zheng He's Explorations Geography of Japan Ring of Fire

The Three Kingdoms of Korea, A.D. SOOs Early Chinese Influence in Asia

Southeast Asia, c. 189S Medieval Europe, A.O. SOOs Staffordshire, England The Crusades, 1096-1204 Spread of Protestantism, lSOOs Christian Missions, 1600s

European Exploration, c. 1490-1610 The Triangular Trade, c. lS00-1900 Revolutions in the Americas, 1804-1822 Napoleon's Empire, 1812

Italian and German Unification, 18S8-1871

New Nations in Latin America Imperialism in Africa, 1914

Imperialism in Southeast Asia, 1914 World War I

Europe After World War I •••••••••.•••.•.•••

World War II in Europe ...•.•...••.•••••

World War II in the Pacific ..••••••.••...••..

U.S.S.R. Before World War 11 •••••••••••••••••

India and Pakistan, 1947 Africa, 19SS

Africa, 197S Israel, 201S

Cold War Europe and the Soviet Union Oil and Gas, Gulf States, 201S

Breakup of the Soviet Union, 1989

431 435 437 441 446

461 467 477 491 523 531 538 549 549 573 581 587 601 605 619 651 655 668 685 715 719

733 735 743 745 761 769 777 779 789 793 797 797 799 801 813 825

(18)

DOCUMENT-BASED QUESTIONS

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Sumerian Writing ... ... 72 Life, Death, and Religion

Writings from the Hebrew Bible Hindu Sacred Texts

Contrasting Belief Systems Athenian Democracy

The Assassination of Julius Caesar New Testament Literature The Qur'an and Hadith Trans-Saharan Travelers Creation Stories

Travels on the Silk Roads Japanese Poetry and Prose Charters of Freedom Conflict in the Church

... 102

A New World

Declarations of Freedom

Memories of World War I

...

,.

... .

.130 152 172 240 298 322 376 428 474 534 558 618 652 674 716 764

TIME LINES, CHARTS, MODELS, GRAPHS, INFOGRAPHICS

...

Paths to Civilization The City-State of Ur Phoenician Ship Comparing Alphabets Great Pyramid at Giza Solomon's Temple

Time Line: Jewish History ... . The Caste System

The Dynastic Cycle ... ..

Greek Triremes The Acropolis

47 69 80 87 121 133 141 163 169 223 232

Rome, A.O. 312 269

A Wealthy Roman Family's Home • 281 Factors That Weakened the Republic 294 Comparing Governments:

Roman Republic and United States The Colosseum

Latin and English

Constantinople: The Heart of the Empire The East-West Schism

Timbuktu, c. 1500 Mesoamerican Ball Game Forbidden City

Time Line: Dynasties of China

303 312 . 333 358 .367 425 469 537 541

Hierarchical Society in Feudal Japan .•...••.. 563 Feudal Society... • .. . . .606 Manor in the Middle Ages. .... • • • • ••.••...•• 611 Feudal Structure in Europe and Japan . .••. .627 Brunelleschi's Dome. . • . . .. . . 633 Printing on Gutenberg's Press .•.•....••.••••

Sailing on a Caravel.

European Imperialism by Region Railway Track in Selected European

Countries ...•

Unemployment in Selected Countries, 1929 and 1932

647 671 739 747 771

MOMENTS IN HISTORY

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Terra Cotta Warriors The Battle of Thermopylae The Parthenon

The Ides of March

178 224 252 300

The Roman Aqueduct • ... 336 The Hagia Sophia . ... 356 The Alhambra ...

The Inca and Spanish Meet

384 .494 The Bubonic Plague ... 622 Raphael's School of Athens . . • . . ... ... .634 Columbus Discovers the New World 674 The Storming of the Bastille ... . 710 D-Day .. . . ... 784 The Attacks on September 11 .. . ... . 812