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Acomodación
Acomodación
El ser humano es capaz de enfocar objetos a
El ser humano es capaz de enfocar objetos a
cualquier distancia, esto se denomina como
cualquier distancia, esto se denomina como
acomodación.
acomodación.
La acomodación tiene un proceso el cual es
La acomodación tiene un proceso el cual es
denominado
denominado
por
por el
el
aumento
aumento de
de potencia
potencia refractiva
refractiva
ocular,
ocular, este aumento
este aumento
se da
se da por
por la
la modificación
modificación de
de
forma
forma del
del cristalino,
cristalino, el
el cual
cual
permite
permite obtener
obtener
imágenes retinianas nítidas de objetos situados a
imágenes retinianas nítidas de objetos situados a
diferentes distancias.
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Mecanismos de la
Mecanismos de la
Acomodación
Acomodación
El cristalino esta suspendido por una estructura de
El cristalino esta suspendido por una estructura de
ligamentos inelásticos que conforman la zonula de
ligamentos inelásticos que conforman la zonula de
Zinn, los cuales a su vez están unidos al cuerpo
Zinn, los cuales a su vez están unidos al cuerpo
ciliar. La función de la zonula es mantener al
ciliar. La función de la zonula es mantener al
cristalino en su posición y controlar la curvatura de
cristalino en su posición y controlar la curvatura de
sus caras por medio de las variaciones de tensión
sus caras por medio de las variaciones de tensión
que se produce por la acción del musculo ciliar.
que se produce por la acción del musculo ciliar.
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Mecanismos de la
Mecanismos de la
Acomodación
Acomodación
Al hacer
Al hacer una revisión
una revisión de las
de las funciones f
funciones f
isiológicas
isiológicas
oculares
oculares
nos revela que la
nos revela que la
acomodación normalmente aparece a los 6
acomodación normalmente aparece a los 6
meses de edad y durante la
meses de edad y durante la
etapa infantil es bastantemente
etapa infantil es bastantemente
flexible y resistente a la
flexible y resistente a la
fatiga. Esta capacidad se deteriora
fatiga. Esta capacidad se deteriora
lentamente con la edad, ll
lentamente con la edad, ll
egando a ser un problema
egando a ser un problema
manifiesto a partir de la cuarta década de
manifiesto a partir de la cuarta década de
la vida,
la vida,
apareciendo la presbicia, que es, la
apareciendo la presbicia, que es, la
incapacidad del sistema
incapacidad del sistema
visual de enfocar correctamente las imágenes
visual de enfocar correctamente las imágenes
correspondiente
correspondientes a objetos situados a
s a objetos situados a
una distancia cercana
una distancia cercana
determinada y depende del
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Acomodación Positiva
Acomodación Positiva
El cambio de acomodación de lejos a cerca se
El cambio de acomodación de lejos a cerca se
le denomina Acomodación Positiva, esta es la
le denomina Acomodación Positiva, esta es la
medida por el sistema Parasimpático.
medida por el sistema Parasimpático.
Acomodación Negativa
Acomodación Negativa
El cambio de acomodación de cerca a lejos se
El cambio de acomodación de cerca a lejos se
le llama
le llama Acomodaci
Acomodación Negativa (Relajación), es
ón Negativa (Relajación), es
el resultado de la estimulación del sistema.
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Los cinco
Los cinco
componentes básicos
componentes básicos
de la
de la
acomodación son:
acomodación son:
Acomodación refleja
Acomodación refleja
Acomodación vergencial
Acomodación vergencial
Acomodación proximal
Acomodación proximal
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La acomodación refleja
La acomodación refleja
es el mecanismo más
es el mecanismo más
importante de la acomodación ya que es
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La acomodación proximal
La acomodación proximal
se produce por la
se produce por la
proximidad real o aparente de un objeto.
proximidad real o aparente de un objeto.
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Respuesta acomodativo o
Respuesta acomodativo o
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Pruebas para determinar la
Pruebas para determinar la
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