Title : LICENSE AUTHENTICATION SECURITY SYSTEM USING RFID Author (s) : B. Nagaraj, S. Sarankumar

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International Journal of Inventions in Computer Science and Engineering, Volume 4 Issue 12 Nov/Dec 2017

B. Nagaraj, S. Sarankumar

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License Authentication Security System Using RFID

B. Nagaraj1_{, S. Sarankumar}2

1_{Latha Infotech, Coimbatore,}

Tamilnadu, India. 2_{Project Associate, Accenture,}_{Tamilnadu, India}_.

ABSTRACT – This paper describes the theft of two wheeler vehicles probably causes less anxiety to the public than

household burglary, it is a crime which occurs one and half times more frequently than other thefts. This report

examines, for a technical readership, the security weaknesses of existing vehicle designs and considers the feasibility

of reducing theft of two wheeler vehicles and their contents through careful attention to security issues from the

earliest stages of design using a new technology of “RFID Reader” which is mostly similar to smart card. VEHICLE

AUTHORISATION CARD (VAC) is the name given to the RFID card. This Vehicle Identity Card uses the parameters

of Driving License and uses that as a parameter to prevent the vehicle theft. Building on the clear gains from these

measures it is obvious that significant and progressive reduction in vehicle crime and License forgery could be

achieved within the next decade. This process uses an approach of automotive design which considers the security of

the vehicle as a whole. This VAC is designed in such a way that it is more concerned to give Vehicle security the

priority it deserves and the consumer security needs. Further it provides a greatest advantage that only the person

owing Driving License can drive the vehicle.

1. Introduction

The number of vehicles on the road has increased manifold during the last ten years with a corresponding increase in the number of drivers. To manage the issuance and tracking of driving License and penalties for traffic offences with a compounded growth year after year, an Integrated Solution with timely access to information, across all locations, is the need of the hour. There has, however, been a high level of complaints and concerns about the practices of some in the vehicle immobilization sector. In order to check unauthorized persons driving with forged License or without valid license, it

is wise to automate the process of issuing Driving License to all bonafide applicants. The Vehicle AUTHORISATION card contains all the parameters already present in PVC License card and those details can be stored. But the details can be retrieved and receipted by only authorized persons. Utilizing this Vehicle AUTHORISATION card as the only way to start the vehicle, the theft of vehicle and license forgery can be abrogated.

a. need for the solution:

Paper based License, susceptible to mutilation

Cumbersome process of checking especially a mutilated License

Difficult to detect forgeries Low degree of automation No processing capability

Photograph and other particulars can be easily be counterfeited.

No storage capacity and hence not possible to store information on penalty etc.

Frequent vehicle theft Corruption

b. possible solution:

A fully automated and secure driving License issuance procedure.

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26 Fig 1: License Authentication

Security

2. Existing System:

A vehicle immobilization system having a controller and a brake system that is capable of maintaining the vehicle brakes in an engaged position to prevent rotation of the wheels.

Present vehicle immobilization technique has a system for remotely disabling a vehicles engine. It comprises of a first remote control device having means for transmitting a predetermined wireless control signal, a second remote control device also having means for transmitting the predetermined wireless control signal, and a vehicle unit having a receiver for transmitting the predetermined wireless control signal, and a vehicle unit having a receiver the control signals and means for disabling and establishing the vehicle in response to either of the control signals. In use the first remote control device is carried by the vehicle’s owner and is used to enable and disable the

vehicle upon leaving and returning to the vehicle. The second remote control device is carried by the vehicle if it is stolen after the disabled vehicle has been recovered; the police are able to enable the vehicle. A disadvantage of the above-mentioned system is that the police need to know the appropriate code in order to disable a stolen vehicle and this is often difficult to obtain, at least within a reasonable time. It may be possible to obtain these details from a database by entering the vehicle’s license plate number. However, stolen vehicles often have forged plates bearing a false number.

3.Proposed System:

Vehicle thefts and joy-riding are common place nowadays. Typically, the most conventional way adopted by the police of stopping a stolen vehicle is either by pursuing it or by placing a device on the road, which punctures the vehicle’s tires. The above-mentioned methods of stopping stolen vehicles are unsatisfactory, since they generally involve dangerous pursuits at high speeds.

A simple way to prevent License forgery and license theft is to use VEHICLE AUTHORISATION CARD. It includes all the parameters used in the driving License card. Those details will be already stored in the Vehicle AUTHORISATION card using the central data base. The parameters in vehicle AUTHORISATION card are

Driver’s Identity – Photograph Driving License Number and validity Vehicle Registration Number

Insurance validity date License authentication

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27 STARTING COIL (ignition coil), which transforms the battery’s 12 volts (6 volts in some older vehicles) to the thousands of volts (20 to 30 thousand volts needed to spark the spark plugs. If there only a proper co-incidence of details in the VAC card, control signal allows the starting coil to start its function. Else the starting coil won’t function.

In addition to this, the control signal from the controller also controls the petrol flow. If there is a similarity between the stored details, the controller allows the petrol to flow by means of a pneumatic value. The operation of the pneumatic valve is controlled.

4.Block Diagram:

fig 2: transmitter block

Fig 3: Receiver Block A. COMPONENTS USED: Ignition coil

Using an ignition coil is fairly straightforward. Connecting 8 batteries in series provides more than enough current and voltage. The AA batteries should last for a lot of firings, so you might as well connect the batteries together by soldering wires onto them. Even a 9 volt alkaline battery is sufficient to produce sparks with an ignition coil.As both the ignition and the petrol flow of the vehicle are controlled, there is no chance of abdicating the vehicle. Connect the high voltage terminal of your ignition coil to the tip of the spark plug. The high voltage terminal is at the top center of the coil, with the deep socket. Use wire with good insulation - use at least the kind of cable used in a power cord, or

something with thicker insulation. Its best to keep the wires a few centimeters apart, and away from any moisture. High voltage will find its way through any defects in the insulation.

Keep the wires less than a meter long. Use another wire to connect the body of the spark plug to one of the terminals of the ignition coil (doesn't matter which one). Next run two wires from the positive and negative terminals of the ignition coil. If you can't tell which is which, don't worry, swapping positive and negative won't make much difference. I recommend you use a long, but fairly thick wire for this, so that you can trigger your cannon from a safe distance. Your ears will thank you.

Connect the negative one to the battery. Then take the positive wire, and quickly swipe it over the other battery terminal. You should see and hear sparks at the ignition coil as you do this. Be sure to hold the wire you are swiping on the battery by just the insulation. If you do end up holding the conductor, and the batteries with the other hand, you will get a bit of an electrical jolt as you do this - though not enough to be dangerous.

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28 firings can short out the plug. I recommend blowing fresh air through the cannon between shots.

5. Microcontroller:

AT89C51 is the 40 pins, 8 bit Microcontroller manufactured by Atmel group. It is the flash type reprogrammable memory. Advantage of this flash memory is we can erase the program with in few minutes. It has 4kb on chip ROM and 128 bytes internal.

Port 2 contain higher order address line (A8-A15). Port 3 contains special purpose register such as serial input receiver register SBUF, interrupt INT0,INT1 and timers T0 , T1 many of the pins have multi functions which can be used as general purpose I/O pins (or) Special purpose function can be decided by the programmer itself.

4K Bytes of In-system

Reprogrammable Flash memory. Endurance: 1000 Write/Erase cycles. Fully static operation: 0 Hz to 24MHz. Three-level Program Memory Lock 128 x 8 Bit Internal RAM

32 Programmable I/O Lines Two 16-Bit Timer/Counters Six Interrupt Sources

Programmable Serial Channel Low Power Idle and Power Down modes

RAM and 32 I/O pin as arranged as port 0 to port 3 each has 8 bit bin. Port 0 contain 8 data line (D0-D7) as well as low order address line (AO-A7).

The AT89C51 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with 4K bytes of Flash Programmable and Erasable Read Only Memory (PEROM). The device is

manufactured using Atmel is high density nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry standard MCS-51™ instruction set and pin out.

The on-chip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system or by a conventional nonvolatile memory programmer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89C51 is a powerful microcomputer which provides a highly flexible and cost effective solution to many embedded control applications.

6.. RFID Reader:

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29 fig 4: rfid system

An RFID Reader can read through most anything with the exception of conductive materials like water and metal, but with modifications and positioning, even these can be overcome. The RFID Reader emits a low-power radio wave field which is used to low-power up the tag so as to pass on any information that is contained on the chip. In addition, readers can be fitted with an additional interface that converts the radio waves returned from the tag into a form that can then be passed on to another system, like a computer or any programmable logic controller. Passive tags are generally smaller, lighter and less expensive than those that are active and can be applied to objects in harsh environments, are maintenance free and will last for years. These transponders are only activated when within the response range of an RFID Reader. Active tags differ in that they incorporate their own power source, where as the tag is a transmitter rather than a reflector of radio frequency signals which enables a

broader range of functionality like programmable and read/write capabilities.

8. Working:

The details regarding the driving license (license no, RC book no, license expiry date etc.) of the person are already stored in the microcontroller unit. If the owner of the vehicle wants some of his friends or relatives to access the vehicle, their driving license detail are also fed in the microcontroller. The Vehicle Authorization Card contains all the details regarding driving license of a particular person. The Vehicle Authorization Card is treated as the KEY for the vehicle.

If we want to access the vehicle, already stored parameters and the parameters in the Vehicle Authorization Card should be similar. If there is a similarity between the details, the details will be displayed on the LCD.A traffic police who want to check the details of the vehicle and the person can utilize this Vehicle Authorization Card. If the analogy exists between the two details, the microcontroller will send two control signals. The checking of parameters is done by RFID reader.

The first control signal is used to control the starting coil of the vehicle. The second control signal is used to control the petrol flow of the vehicle.

Ignition of the vehicle is controlled by means of STARTING COIL (ignition coil), which transforms the battery's 12 volts (6 volts in some older vehicles) to the thousands of volts (20 to 30 thousand volts) needed to spark the spark plugs. In case of similarity between the details, the relay is used to turn ON and turn OFF the starting coil and thus prevents the vehicle theft.

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30 is fed as the input of the pneumatic valve. The opening and closing of the pneumatic valve is controlled by the control signal. If there is a matching of parameters, then the control signal allows the valve to open, thus enabling the petrol flow. If there is a mismatching of parameters, the valve will not open and thus the petrol flow is totally prevented.

As all the ways to abdicate the vehicle is totally controlled, this VAC provides the best method the prevent the vehicle theft.

Electro magnetic fields and is scratch proof. The VEHICLE CARD is the size of a credit card, which makes it easy to be carried along with the person.

The VEHICLE CARD is a highly secure card and temper proof with password protections. Only the authorized personnel are allowed to access the RC information. This feature will eliminate any fraudulent practices and ensure the security of the information on the smart card. Eliminating middlemen/agents. Reliable that is virtually unaffected by electrical and magnetic fields.

Advantages Of Vac

Ignition system of the vehicle is controlled.

Petrol flow is also controlled.

Multiple users can drive the vehicle by storing their information too, if and only if the owner of the vehicle wishes to do that

High vehicle security

Traffic Police can easily predict the expiry of License date and Insurance date

Verification of counterfeit driving License with the central database

o No chance of

ABDICATION o High degree of automation

o Persons with License only can drive the vehicle

fig 5: coding through mplap

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31 fig 7: single signal, bad rfid

fig 5: tested wave

future enhancement:

More parameters can be implemented in VAC.

Thumb impressions can be used as a high level security.

Pick-up coil of the vehicle can also be controlled.

GPS system can be implemented to track the vehicle.

The operation of the vehicle can also be controlled by GSM instead of control signals. 9.Conclusion:

Advantage of this project is controlling and monitoring the traffic with the LCD screens at the signals. The transport department of every city around the world is responsible for providing a smooth transport for public on roads. Now it becomes a fashion for youngsters to break the traffic rules and drive in out of control. Our project facilitates this problem also by introducing an IR receiver and Transmitter in the system embedded in the vehicle as well as each signals.Once when the RED light is ON the IR transmitter in the vehicles transmits details about the license and vehicle holder hence and monitored in the LCD screen. With these

details the vehicles numbers which breaks the rules is sent to the nearest RDO office by the.

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