Figure 1: Political Map of Oriental Mindoro Source: Ph fil oriental mindoro" by Roel Balingit
Figure 2: Political Map of Oriental Mindoro Source: Ph fil oriental mindoro" by Roel Balingit
Chapter 1 – INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY1.1.1 Mindoro
Mindoro is the seventh-largest island in the Philippines. It is located of the coast of Luzon, and northeast of Palawan. The southern coast of Mindoro forms the northeastern extremum of the Sulu Sea. In past times, it has been called Mai or Mait by Chinese traders and, by Spaniards, as Mina de Oro (meaning "gold mine") from where the island got its current name. According to the late historian William Henry Scott, an entry in the official history of the Sung Dynasty for the year 972 mentions Ma-i as a trading partner of China. Other Chinese records referring to Ma-i or Mindoro appear in the years that follow. From 1920 to 1950, the island was a single province with Calapan City as the provincial capital. In 1950, it was divided into its two present-day provinces, Occidental Mindoro and Oriental Mindoro, following a referendum that was pushed through by then acting governor Romeo Venturanza.
1.1.1.1 Oriental Mindoro
A province of the Philippines located in the island of Mindoro under MIMAROPA region in Luzon, about 140 km southwest of Manila. The province is bordered by the Verde Island Passage and the rest of Batangas to the north, by Marinduque, Maestre de Campo (or known as Sibale but official name is Concepcion) Island, Tablas Strait and the rest of Romblon to the east, by Semirara and the rest of Caluya Islands, Antique to the south, and by Occidental Mindoro to the west.
Oriental Mindoro is composed of 14 municipalities, with one city, Calapan City serving as the provincial capital.
City: Calapan City Municipalitie s: Baco Bansud Bongabong Bulalacao Gloria Mansalay Naujan Pinamalayan Pola Puerto Galera Roxas San Teodoro Socorro Victoria 1.1.1.2 Occidental Mindoro
A province of the Philippines located in the MIMAROPA region in Luzon. Its capital is Mamburao and occupies the western half of the island of Mindoro, on the west by Apo East Pass, and on the south by the Mindoro Strait; Oriental Mindoro is at the eastern half. The South China Sea is to the west of the province and Palawan is located to the southwest, across Mindoro Strait. Batangas is to the north, separated by the Verde Island Passage.
Figure 2: Political Map of Occidental Mindoro Source: "Ph fil occidental mindoro" by Roel Balingit
Occidental Mindoro is subdivided into 11 municipalities.
Abra De Ilog Calintaan Looc Lubang Magsaysay Mamburao (Capital) Paluan Rizal Sablayan San Jose Santa Cruz 1.1.2 Population/Mindoreneos Statistics 1.1.2.1 Tagalog
Below is a table on Total Population by Province, City, and Municipality from 2010 National Statistics Office: Census of Population and Housing as of May 1, 2010. In Oriental Mindoro,the City of Calapan has the biggest population and San Teodoro has the least while in Occidental, San Jose has the biggest population (bigger than Calapan’s) and Looc has the least. Mindoro has a total population of 123, 8573.
1.1.2.1.1 Oriental Mindoro
Table 1: Oriental Mindoro Population
CITY/ MUNICIPALITY POPULATION
Baco 35,060
Bansud 38,341
Bongabong 66,569
Bulalacao (San Pedro) 33,754
City of Calapan (Capital) 124,173
Gloria 42,012 Mansalay 51,705 Naujan 94,497 Pinamalayan 81,666 Pola 32,984 Puerto Galera 32,521 Roxas 49,854 San Teodoro 15,810 Socorro 38,348 Victoria 48,308 TOTAL POPULATION 2010 785,602 1.1.2.1.2 Occidental Mindoro
Figure 3: Ethnographic Map of Mindoro (Mangyan Tribes) Source: Mangyan Heritage Center
Table 2: Occidental Mindoro Population
CITY/ MUNICIPALITY POPULATION
Abra De Ilog 29,225 Calintaan 28,148 Looc 9,758 Lubang 23,068 Magsaysay 31,969 Mamburao (Capital) 39,237 Paluan 15,223 Rizal 34,458 Sablayan 76,153 San Jose 131,188 Santa Cruz 34,544 TOTAL POPULATION 2010 452,971 1.1.2.2 Mangyan
According to Mangyan Heritage Center in Calapan, Mindoro, There are around 300 million indigenous peoples in the world. In the Philippines, of the projected population of 94 million in 2010, about 15% belong to
indigenous groups.
Mindoro is the seventh largest island in the Philippines, with an area of 10,224 square kilometers and two provinces – Oriental and Occidental. Of the total population of one million, the indigenous population is estimated at 100,000 +, 10% of the total population of Oriental and Occidental Mindoro, 70% animists and 30% Christians, but official statistics are difficult to determine under the conditions of remote areas, reclusive tribal groups and some having little if any outside world contact.
Mangyan is the collective name for the eight indigenous groups living in Mindoro, each with its own name, language, and set of customs: Iraya, Alangan, Tadyawan, Tau-buid, Bangon,
Buhid, Hanunuo, and Ratagnon.
Census of Population and Housing of the 8 tribe’s population (total of 104,056 Mangyans) from National Statistics Office : Household population by Ethnicity and Sex as of May 1, 2010 gives the following figures:
Oriental Mindoro
Occidental Mindoro
1.1.2.2.1 Iraya (26,789 population 2010 NSO )
The Iraya occupy the northwestern part of Mindoro, where one of the country's highest peaks, Mount Halcon, is located. The word "Iraya" is derived from the prefix "i" -denoting people, and "raya", a variation of "laya" which means "upstream," "upriver" or "upland". Thus the meaning of the word is "people from upstream" or "uplanders". Historically, however, the Iraya occupied the coastal region in some distant past, until they were pushed further inland by settlers from other places. The word also means "man", "person", and adult" (Servano, 2006)
1.1.2.2.2 Alangan (16,595 population 2010 NSO )
The Alangan occupy northwest central Mindoro. One theory about this term is that it could mean "a group of people whose culture is awkward", from the Tagalog word alangan, which means among other things "uncertainty", "doubt" or "precariousness". (Servano, 2006)
1.1.2.2.3 Tadyawan (4,271 population 2010 NSO )
There is scant information available regarding the Tadyawan, who live in sparse settlements in the northeast part of the island.
1.1.2.2.4 Tau-buid (11,716 population 2010 NSO )
The Batangan or Taubuhid (also Tawbuhid), the most numerous of the Mangyan groups, occupy the central
highlands of the island in the Occidental Mindoro. They live in a region where mountains tower 1950 m high. The word "batangan" derives from "batang", meaning "trunk of a felled tree", and "an", meaning "place", and refers to a place where felled tree trunks may be found, probably a swidden field. (Servano, 2006)
1.1.2.2.5 Bangon (13,656 population 2010 NSO )
The Batangan are also known as Bangon or Taubuhid. Other names used to refer to them are Bukid, Bu'id, Buhid, and Buhil, despite the fact that there is a separate identifiable group to the south, the Buhid. Local subgroups include the Bayanan and Saragan. (Servano, 2006)
1.1.2.2.6 Buhid (913 population 2010 NSO )
The Buhid occupy the south central part of Mindoro. Their
territory just about equally straddles the eastern and western provinces comprising the island. (Servano, 2006)
1.1.2.2.7 Hanunuo (29,188 population 2010 NSO )
The Hanunoo Mangyan live in a mountainous area about 800 sqkm in the southeastern part of the island, mainly in Oriental Mindoro. Their territory is under the municipal jurisdiction of Mansalay, Bulalacao, and a certain part of San Jose, which is the capital of Occidental Mindoro.
1.1.2.2.8 Ratagnon (928 population 2010 NSO )
The Ratragon occupy the southernmost tip of the island province, quite close to the coast facing the Sulu Sea. They lie nearest the aquatic route going to Busuanga Island in the northernmost Palawan and the Cuyo islands, two places where the language spoken is Cayunon, which is also used by the Ratagnon (Servano, 2006)
Among all tribes Hanunuo has the biggest
population and the most culturally preserved while Iraya is the most civilized.
1.1.3 Healthcare
1.1.3.1 Hospitals and Infirmaries Statistics
1.1.3.1.1 Oriental Mindoro
Name of Facility Address LicenseNo. IssuedDate ValidityPeriod ABC Name of Head of Facility Classification
No./Street Name Barangay Mun./City
GOVERNMENT/ PUBLIC as of February 23, 2015
Ospital ng Mamayan ng Puerto Galera 4B10 1515I 1 Jan 1, 2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 17 Archie S. Yboa, MD Infirmary Naujan Municipal
Hospital Santiago St. Naujan
4B21 1510I 1 Jan 1, 2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 10 Lenelinda C. Onanad, MD Infirmary Oriental Mindoro
Provincial Hospital Ilaya Calapan City 4B20 15100 H11 Jan 1, 2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 100 Marpheo Marasigan, MD Level I
Roxas District Hospital Odiong Roxas
4B14 1525I 1 Jan 1, 2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 25 Anthony K. Cruzado, MD Infirmary Renato Umali Reyes
Hospital of Bongabong LabasanBrgy. Bongabong 4B06 1522I 1 Jan 1, 2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 22 Levon Franco V.R.F. Baldoza, MD Infirmary Pinamalayan
Community Hospital Nautical HighwayStrong Republic, Pinamalayan 4B01 1510I 1 Jan 1, 2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 10 Guillermo A. Gonzales, MD Infirmary
TOTAL GOVERNMENT/PUBLIC BEDS 184 BEDS
ORIENTAL MINDORO AS OF MAY 1, 2010 POPULATION 785,602
BED TO POPULATION 2010 RATIO 1:4270
PRIVATE as of February 23, 2015
Children's Medical
Clinic Bonbon Calapan City 4B07 1510I 2 Jan 1, 2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 10 Emmanuela K. Lim, MD Infirmary Hospital of the Holy
Cross cor. T.M. Kalaw Sts.V.R. Medrano Sr., Ilaya Calapan City 4B15 1530 H12 Jan 1, 2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 30 Renato Jose M. Priela, MD Level I Mina de Oro General
Hospital PoblacionIV Victoria
4B19 1508I 2 Jan 1, 2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 8 Gregorio S. Valdez, Sr., MD Infirmary MMG Hospital & Health Service of Oriental Mindoro
J.P. Rizal St. Tawiran Calapan City 04B 10014 50H22 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2014 50 Claro M. Reyes, MD Level II Ma. Estrella General
Hospital Tawiran Calapan City 4B04 1575 H12 Jan 1, 2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 75 Melinda Corazon N. Goco, MD Level I
Senor Tesoro Hospital Poblacion II Victoria 1508I24B32 Jan 1,2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 8 Leo P. Geronimo, MD Infirmary Pinamalayan Doctors
Hospital Francisco St. Pinamalayan 4B10 1530 H12 Jan 1, 2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 30 Eloisa N. Mambil, MD Level I Saint Paul General
Hospital Quezon St. Pinamalayan 1510I24B15 Jan 1,2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 10 Paulette Tessa G. Candelaria, MD Infirmary
Umali Medical Clinic Gelacio OcampoSt. Poblacion I Victoria
4B24 1505I 2 Jan 1, 2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 5 Virgilio D. Umali, MD Infirmary
Sta. Maria Village Clinic
Block 4, Sta. Maria
Village Calapan City 4B42 1425 H12 Jan 2, 2014 Jan 2 Dec 31, 2014 25 Vicente Jeronimo L. Santos, MD Infirmary St. Lawrence Hospital PoblacionIII Victoria 1504I24B20 Jan 1,2015
Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 4 Baldomero A. Esteban, Jr., MD Infirmary
Grace Mission Hospital Strong Republic,
Nautical Highway Catinigan Socorro
4B37 1515I 2 Jan 1, 2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2014 10 Charis S. Santiago, MD Infirmary De los Reyes Medical
Clinic Aguinaldo St. Pinamalayan 4B23 1510I 2 Jan 1, 2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 10 Antonio M. de
los Reyes, MD Infirmary Nuestro Espiritu
Medical / Surgical & Diagnostic Clinic
Brgy. Ipil Bongabong 4B18 1504I 2 Jan 1, 2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 4 Adolfo P. Espiritu Infirmary Luna Goco Medical
Center Lalud Calapan City 04B 01914 30H22 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2014 30 Mario Augusto Lorman L. Goco, MD Level II
Atienza Polyclinic Poblacion II Victoria 1506I24B16 Jan 1,2015 Jan 1 Dec 31,
2015 6
Rosinico F.
Fabon, MD Infirmary
TOTAL PRIVATE BEDS 315 BEDS
BED TO POPULATION 2010 RATIO 1:2493
TOTAL PROVINCIAL BED COUNT 499 BEDS
TOTAL PROVINCIAL BED TO POPULATION (2010) RATIO 1: 1575
1.1.3.1.2 Occidental Mindoro
Name of Facility Address LicenseNo. IssuedDate ValidityPeriod ABC Name of Head
of Facility Classification
No./Street Name Barangay Mun./City
GOVERNMENT/ PUBLIC as of February 23, 2015
Abra de ilog Municipal
Hospital Venturanza St. Poblacion Abra de Ilog 4B41 1510I 1 Jan 1, 2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 10 Carlos R. Dipasupil, MD Infirmary Lubang District
Hospital TangalBrgy. Lubang
4B09 1525I 1 Jan 1, 2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 25 Venmar S. Sayapal, MD Infirmary Occidental Mindoro
Provincial Hospital TayamaanBrgy. Mamburao 4B03 15100 H11 Jan 1, 2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 100 Ner T. Agoncillo, MD Level I Paluan Community
Hospital AlipaoyBrgy. Paluan
4B11 1510I 1 Jan 1, 2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 10 Rosario M. Barrales, MD Infirmary San Jose District
Hospital National Highway San Jose
4B08 1550I 1 Jan 1, 2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 50 Noelito S. Fernandez, MD Level I
San Sebastian District
Hospital Sitio Macambang Buenavista Sablayan 4B01 1525 H11 Jan 1, 2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 25 Paulino D. Legaspi, Jr., MD Level I
Sta. Cruz Community
Hospital Poblacion II Sta. Cruz
4B02 1510I 1 Jan 1, 2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 10 Leonida M. Pallayaban, MD Infirmary
TOTAL GOVERNMENT/PUBLIC BEDS 230 BEDS
OCCIDENTAL MINDORO AS OF MAY 1, 2010 POPULATION 452,957
BED TO POPULATION 2010 RATIO 1:1969
PRIVATE as of February 23, 2015
St. Magdalene Hospital 0218 Bonifacio St. San Jose
4B42 1507I 2 Jan 1, 2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 7 Lope C. Asilo, MD Infirmary Zapanta Maternity &
General Hospital Liboro St.
Brgy. Pag
asa San Jose
4B30 1515I 2 Jan 1, 2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 15 Senen M. Zapanta, Jr., MD Infirmary Westmin United
Doctors Hospital Co. Gomez St. San Jose
4B59 1410I 2 Feb 18, 2014 Feb 18 Dec 31, 2014 10 Eleanor S. Costibolo, MD Infirmary St. Martin's Mission
Hospital San Roque Poblacion Sablayan 1515I24B03 Jan 1,2015 Jan 1 Dec 31, 2015 15 Sr. Josephine Rose F. Blanco, OP, MD Infirmary
OCCIDENTAL MINDORO AS OF MAY 1, 2010 POPULATION 452,957
BED TO POPULATION 2010 RATIO 1:9637
TOTAL PROVINCIAL BED COUNT 277 BEDS
TOTAL PROVINCIAL BED TO POPULATION (2010) RATIO 1: 1635
MINDORO PROVINCE
TOTAL BED COUNT 803 BEDS
TOTAL POPULATION (2010 1,238,559
TOTAL BED TO POPULATION (2010) RATIO 1: 1543
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The Oriental Mindoro Health Investment Plan (OMHIP) admits that “public health facilities which cater to the poor are mostly ill-equipped, with inadequate supply of drugs and medical supplies. Private hospitals that provide better health care are beyond the reach of the poor.” It also acknowledges the limited access of Mangyans to health services. In addition, this development is aiming to give solution to the following problems that currently exists on our health care for lung and respiratory health:
In this province, respiratory diseases still rank as the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. The most common causes of morbidity are upper respiratory tract infection, bronchitis, pneumonia, diarrhea and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). In Occidental Mindoro, acute respiratory infection has also been the leading cause of morbidity, followed by diarrhea and gastroenteritis. There is no hospital development that specialized in prevention and cure of lung and respiratory diseases to efectively reduce the case of such diseases.
As shown in the 1.1.3.1 Table of Hospitals and Infirmaries Statistics, existing and new facilities ofers limited type of service and care for the prevention, cure and treatment of lung and respiratory diseases. Most of the public hospitals are at Infirmary level and four (4) out of 13 in the whole province is at Level 1 Hospital which is a very small hospital, an emergency type one that ofers ONLY:
o initial treatment for cases that require immediate treatment and that provides primary care for prevalent diseases in the area
o general medicine, pediatrics, minor surgeries, and non-surgical gynecology
o primary clinical laboratory, pharmacy and first level radiology
o nursing care for patients needing minimal supervised care
Patients have no choice but transfer to private hospitals because of the limited services and equipment.
Source: Center for Health Development- Region IVB Statistics as of 2010
(Highlighted are disease/ ailments connected to Respiratory System)
Oriental Mindoro Provincial Profile
Leading Causes of Morbidity
Causes No. Rate/100,000
Acute Respiratory Infection 24,861 3417.67
Bronchitis 3,287 451.87
Urinary Tract Infection 2,712 372.82
Wounds all forms 2,456 337.63 Pneumonia 2,346 322.51 Hypertension 2,078 285.66 TB, all forms 2,043 280.85 Diarrhea 1,932 265.59 Rhinistis 1,676 230.40 Tonsilo Pharyngitis 1,387 190.67
Leading Causes of Mortality
Causes No. Rate/100,000
Diseases of the Heart 575 79.05 Cancer 249 34.23 Pneumonia 224 30.79 COPD 169 30.79 Hypertension 141 19.38 Pulmonary Tuberculosis 91 12.51 Diabetes Mellitus 90 12.37
Multiple Organ Failure 80 11.00
Accident 78 10.72
Degenerative Diseases 68 9.35
Leading Causes of Maternal Mortality Causes
No. Rate
Post Partum Heorrhage 5 67.13Pre‐eclampsia 2 26.86Uterine Atony 2 26.86
Leading Causes of Infant Mortality Causes
No. RatePrematurity
15 1.74 Congenital Malformation 8 0.93Pneumonia 7 0.81Septicemia 6 0.70Undetermined 5 0.58Asphyxia 5 0.58 Tetanus Neonatorum 5 0.58 Hyaline Membrane Disease
3 0.35 Diseases of the Heart
3 0.35 Respiratory Distress Syndrome
2 0.23
Occidental Mindoro Provincial Profile
Leading Causes of Mordibity
Causes No. Rate/100,000
Acute Respiratory Infection 24,861 3417.67
Bronchitis 3,287 451.87
Urinary Tract Infection 2,712 372.82
Wounds all forms 2,456 337.63
Pneumonia 2,346 322.51
Hypertension 2,078 285.66
Diarrhea 1,932 265.59 Rhinistis 1,676 230.40 Tonsilo Pharyngitis 1,387 190.67
Leading Causes of Mortality
Causes No. Rate/100,000
Diseases of the Heart 575 79.05 Cancer 249 34.23 Pneumonia 224 30.79 COPD 169 30.79 Hypertension 141 19.38 Pulmonary Tuberculosis 91 12.51 Diabetes Mellitus 90 12.37
Multiple Organ Failure 80 11.00
Accident 78 10.72
Degenerative Diseases 68 9.35
Leading Causes of Maternal Mortality
Causes No. Rate
Post Partum Heorrhage 5 67.13
Pre‐eclampsia 2 26.86
Uterine Atony 2 26.86
Leading Causes of Infant Mortality
Causes No. Rate Prematurity 15 1.74 Congenital Malformation 8 0.93 Pneumonia 7 0.81 Septicemia 6 0.70 Undetermined 5 0.58 Asphyxia 5 0.58 Tetanus Neonatorum 5 0.58
Hyaline Membrane Disease 3 0.35
Diseases of the Heart 3 0.35
Respiratory Distress Syndrome 2 0.23
Currently, the Bed to Population Ratio for Public and Private Hospitals in Oriental and Occidental Mindoro is 1:1,596 and 1:1,635, respectively which is insufficient compared to a standard of 1:1000.
MINDORO
HOSPITAL FACILITY TOTAL HOSPITALS TOTAL BEDS POPULATION 2010 BED TO POPULATION
RATIO MINDORO PROVINCE TOTAL 35 769 1,238,559 1: 1631
ORIENTAL MINDORO
HOSPITAL FACILITY TOTAL HOSPITALS TOTAL BEDS POPULATION 2010 BED TO POPULATION
RATIO
GOVERNMENT 6 177 785,602 1:4438
PRIVATE 16 315 BEDS 785,602 1:2493
TOTAL 24 492 BEDS 785,602 1: 1596
OCCIDENTAL MINDORO
HOSPITAL FACILITY TOTAL HOSPITALS TOTAL BEDS POPULATION 2010 BED TO POPULATION
RATIO
GOVERNMENT 7 230 BEDS 452,957 1:1969
PRIVATE 4 47 BEDS 452,957 1:9637
• Aside from poor medical access of Mangyans, some of the tribes especially the primitive ones, refuse going to hospitals or health facilities because it opposes their cultural beliefs.
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Challenges in providing health care for everyone is the focus of the research. Some factors are given below that made the study significant:
1.3.1 Significance of the study to the patients
There are two Primary Users in this study the Tagalogs and Mangyans. This study will show how healthcare should be universal and equal (age, gender, class and special conditions including PWDs).
1.3.2 Significance of the study to the healthcare providers The study will provide healthcare providers a better understanding on Mangyans health beliefs and be able to make solutions or necessary adaptations on cultural diferences
1.3.3 Significance of the study to the field of Healthcare
Architecture
The study will also have significance in the field of architecture since the development is one of the new concepts in a building development. Architecture will be the medium on how social factors afect the design of buildings.
1.4 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
1.4.1 GOAL
To plan and design Mina de Oro Provincial Hospital and Center for Respiratory Health with low waste water facility feature
1.4.2 OBJECTIVES
1.4.2.1 To design a Tertiary Level General hospital with specialized services for cure and
prevention of lung and respiratory diseases that will also
cater other provinces in MIMAROPA
1.4.2.2 Design a New Hospital by applying the principles of therapeutic and healing design approach for better comfort and convenience of the users and for faster recovery of the patients in the
1.4.2.3 To make health care services
more accessible for Mangyan and Poor Communities, a culture-sensitive facility, by allocating special Mangyan wards and provision of free medical services to Mangyan patients and training of Mangyan volunteer health workers.
1.5 SCOPE AND DELIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
1.5.1 SCOPE
The study will discuss the significance of a Provincial Hospital and Center for Respiratory Health: its organizational structure: the people and spaces which involves such development. It will also identify the best location for the development and its specific architectural design planning and development schemes
This study will give the reader a broad knowledge of what a culture-sensitive hospital is like, especially in the province of Mindoro and how it will help the poor health status in the province and in its region. 1.5.2 DELIMITATIONS
This study is delimited to architectural concept, design and ideas as well as its planning and organization of spaces and brief structural schemes. Environmental systems may difer depending on site location; studies of other potential sites can be done. Set of users showed in this book is based on the standards and may be changed depending on the location and functions/level of hospital. The study for Mangyan Health services will be delimited for civilized Tribes to achieve the feasibility of the project because of cultural diferences. However, this book can serve as a reference on similar health facilities that also aims for the ware fell of other Indigenous people or tribes.
1.6 JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY1
For the past years, the poor and the disadvantaged groups in the region have encountered many kinds of barriers when trying to gain access to health care and medical services, basic education, water and sanitation, nutrition services and shelter. The inequities in access to health facilities and services resulted to poor health condition across rural and urban population and communities. With the increasing regional population, the provision of health and nutrition services must be expanded and intensified considering the anticipated level demand for these services. The challenge to meet these demands to improve the well-being of the people will require an orchestrated actions from the national and local governments, private groups, non-government organizations and the people/communities themselves. (MIMAROPA Regional Development Plan 2011-2016, 2015)
Social Sector: Health Services Goal
1. A socially developed city with healthy, highly skilled and globally competitive individuals and well-protected citizenry with access to basic social services in a well-balanced environment.
Objectives
1. To attain quality standard of health and promote a peaceful, lively and productive life.
2. To accomplish the majority set of regional targets in terms of the Millennium Development Goals.
3. To achieve full access to socially responsive and quality health services to all the people of MIMAROPA region.
4. To greatly improve the health status of all the regional populace and contribute to the poverty alleviation and socio-economic development of the region.
Strategies
Promote the upgrading, expansion and modernization of
community health facilities and manpower resource;
Initiate a public-private partnership in the construction of
health infrastructures and in investment in development of natural /herbal drugs where local government’s resources is limited or inadequate.
Increase the coverage, access and utilization of health care services through implementation of sector wide 1 See Certificate of Need (CON) at Appendix Section
Existing Oriental Mindoro Provincial Hospital Proposed Mina De Oro Provincial Hospital
approach and providing equitable pro-poor, client-oriented and best quality services.
Accelerate the financing, construction and delivery of specialized/advanced secondary and tertiary health facilities in major towns and cities to increase and expand people’s access to modern and quality health services.
Intensify health promotion and education and disease prevention in the school through provision of standard toilet and safe water facilities, package of basic school health services and inculcating healthy habits and practices and sex education in school children.
Intensify the service delivery and management of
projects/programs and prevention and control of communicable diseases (STI/HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, etc.) through community mobilization and participation in the control of the infectious diseases. In the Province of Oriental Mindoro, there is an existing Provincial Hospital which is level 1 with 100 beds which is located in the City of Calapan. The poorest of the population are the main users of government health facilities, yet these health facilities are too remote to them especially from the
Municipality of
Bulalacao and Manansalay which is at the farthest end of the Province, approximately 6 hours away through the usual means of transportation, which at worst case because of still insufficient service and equipment will be further referred to Region IV-A’s Regional Hospital which is 1-2 hours away via boat plus 30 minutes on land transportation.
The proposed New Provincial Hospital in Pinamalayan, which is centrally located provincially and Regionally is an attempt to give solution to the previously stated problems in persisting causes of mortatlity and morbidity; very insufficient number of hospital beds compare to the province’s vastly increasing population; and cultural problems especially of the Mangyan’s
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS, ABBREVIATIONS AND CONCEPTS
1.7.1 General Textual Definitions
Mina de Oro - Mindoro province’s name was coined from the Spanish phrase “Mina de Oro,” which literally means “mine of gold.” Mindoro’s rich soil is awash with mineral deposits, including gold, as well as other natural wonders that can be considered a gold mine for tourism.
Hospital - refers to a place devoted primarily to the maintenance and operation of facilities for the diagnosis, treatment and care of individuals sufering from illness, disease, injury or deformity, or in need of obstetrical or other medical and nursing care.
Primary hospital - refers to a hospital with capabilities and facilities for providing first contact emergency care and hospitalization in simple cases.
Secondary hospital - refers to a hospital which has capabilities and facilities for providing medical care to cases requiring hospitalization and the expertise of physicians with training of not less than six (6) months on certain specialties.
Tertiary Level I hospital - refers to a hospital which has capabilities for providing medical care to cases requiring sophisticated diagnostic and therapeutic equipment and the expertise of trained specialists and subspecialists.
Tertiary Level II hospital - refers to a departmentalized hospital with teaching and research capabilities and which have accredited Residency Training Programs in the fields of surgery, pediatrics, medicine, OB-Gyne, EENT, orthopeClics, anesthesia and other ancillary disciplines. It likewise ofers dental services. Tertiary Level III hospital - refers to a hospital which has been particularly selected to provide tertiary hospital services, with teaching, training and research functions.
Tertiary Level IV hospital - refers to a tertiary hospital with expensive and sophisticated diagnostic and therapeutic facilities for a specific medical problem area.
District hospital - refers to the front-line hospital, which has its own catchment area, and with capabilities and facilities for providing secondary medical care to cases requiring hospitalization and the expertise of trained doctors.
Provincial hospital - refers to a central district hospital with its own catchment area which provides at least a minimum of Tertiary Level I hospital care.
Regional hospital - refers to a departmentalized hospital which provides Tertiary Level II hospital care.
Medical center - refers to a hospital which provides Tertiary Level III hospital care.
Specialty hospital - refers to a hospital which provides services for one particular illness or disease or health medical care need, with the highest medical care rendered by medical experts using highly specialized equipment for a specific medical problem are. It provides Tertiary Level IV hospital care. General – a hospital that provides services for all kinds of illnesses, diseases, injuries or deformities. A general hospital shall provide medical and surgical care to the sick and injured, as well as maternity, newborn and child care. It shall be equipped with the service capabilities needed to support board certified/eligible medical specialists and other licensed physicians rendering services in, but not limited to, the following:
i. Clinical Services
2) Pediatrics
3) Internal Medicine
4) Obstetrics and Gynecology 5) Surgery
ii. Emergency Services iii. Outpatient Services
iv. Ancillary and Support Services, such as clinical laboratory, imaging facility and pharmacy.
Ontology - ways of constructing reality, “how things really are” and “how things really work”
Epistemology – diferent forms of knowledge of that reality, what nature of relationship exists between the inquirer and the inquired? How do we know?
Methodology – What tools do we use to know that reality?
Ethnicity – a primary sense of belonging to an ethnic group. Ethnic group is consanguine in nature, meaning, the ties are reckoned by blood and traced through the family tree. Thus, ethnicity refers to the household member's identity, by blood and not by choice nor by adoption/confirmation for any ethnic group, primarily the Indigenous Peoples (IPs).
Population Projection – computation of future changes in population numbers, given certain assumptions about future trends in the rates of fertility, mortality and migration. Demographers often publish high, medium, and low projections of the same population based on diferent assumptions of how these rates will change in the future
Building Height Limit (BHL) - the maximum height allowed for structures or buildings expressed as number of floors or storeys.
Comprehensive Land Use Plan – refers to a plan which includes a land use map, factors indicting the socially desired mix of land uses and a set of policies to guide future development.
Floor/Area Ratio (FAR) - is the ratio between the Gross Floor Area of a building and the area of the lot on which it stands. Determined by dividing the Gross Floor Area of the building and the area of the lot. The Gross Floor Area of any building should not exceed the prescribed floor area ratio (FAR) multiplied by the lot area.
Institutional Uses – uses that pertain to the provision of government, social, religious, educational, cultural, police / military and other services such as, but not limited to, government offices, schools, hospitals / clinics, academic/research, convention centers and police stations.
Land Use Intensity Controls (LUIC) - refer to controls on open spaces (PLO), building bulk (FAR), building height (BHL) and impervious surfaces (AISAR). The LUIC is imposed to control, among others, traffic generation, requirements on utilities, over-building, over-crowding, visual access and to attain the desired zone character. The LUIC is applied as follows:
a. Maximum Allowable Building Area per Floor in Square Meters = Lot Area x Allowable PLO
b. Maximum Allowable Gross Floor Area in Square Meters = Lot Area x Allowable FAR
c. In determining the maximum number of floors per building, BHL regulations shall apply.
1.7.1.2 Operational Definitions
Respiratory Health - state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity in the organs that are involved in breathing, including the nose, throat, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. Also known as the respiratory tree. Lung Diseases - refers to many disorders afecting the lungs, such as asthma, COPD, infections like influenza, pneumonia and tuberculosis, lung cancer, and many other breathing problems. Some lung diseases can lead to respiratory failure.
Center for Respiratory Health - a building or establishment housing local medical services or the practice of a group of doctors that focuses or specializes in aiding and preventing respiratory diseases.
Therapeutic Architecture - can be described as the people-centered, evidence-based discipline of the built environment, which aims to identify and support ways of incorporating those spatial elements that interact with people physiologically and psychologically into design.
Healing Design/ Environments - for healthcare buildings describes a physical setting and organizational culture that supports patients and families through the stresses imposed by illness, hospitalization, medical visits, the process of healing, and sometimes, bereavement. The concept implies that the physical healthcare environment can make a diference in how quickly the patient recovers from or adapts to specific acute and chronic conditions. (Stichler, 2001)
Patient-centered care - Providing care that is respectful of and responsive to individual patient preferences, needs, and values, and ensuring that patient values guide all clinical decisions. (IOM, 2001) Mindoreneos - refers to collective inhabitants of Mindoro Provinces Tagalog – this term is not associated with “ethnicity” but refers to Mindoreneos aside from the Mangyans, these people are lowlanders who consist of diferent Ethnicity such as Bisaya, Ilocano and of other local and foreign ethnic groups.
Urban Corridor (UCD) – refers to the strip of land on both sides of the National Road from the Socorro to the Gloria boundaries. It also includes the strip of land along the Airport Road from Barangay Sto. Niño to the boundary with Gloria. The depth of the UCD shall be 250 meters on both sides of the said roads, reckoned from the road rights-of-way. It covers portions of the following barangays: Bangbang, Cacawan, Del Razon, Malaya, Maliancog, Nabuslot, Pagalagala, Palayan, Pambisan Malaki, Pambisan Munti, Panggulayan, Papandayan, Quinabigan, Sta Isabel, Sta. Maria, Sta. Rita and Sto. Niño.
1.7.1.3 Abbreviations
MIMAROPA - MIndoro (divided into Occidental Mindoro and Oriental Mindoro), MArinduque, ROmblon and Palawan
CHD – Center for Health Developent, the regional health office of DOH
BHFS – Bureau of Health Facilities and Services, the bureau of DOH charged with the implementation of these rules and regulations
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