E
AST
O
RANGE
S
CHOOL
D
ISTRICT
W
HITNEY
H
OUSTON
A
CADEMY
215
D
ODD
S
TREET
E
AST
O
RANGE
,
N
EW
J
ERSEY
T
ABLE OF
C
ONTENTS
I.
HISTORIC ENERGY CONSUMPTION/COST ... 2
II.
FACILITY ENERGY USE INDEX (EUI) ... 9
III.
FACILITY DESCRIPTION ... 11
IV.
MAJOR EQUIPMENT LIST ... 13
V.
ENERGY CONSERVATION MEASURES ... 14
VI.
ADDITIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS ... 35
Appendix A – ECM Cost & Savings Breakdown
Appendix B – New Jersey Smart Start
®
Program Incentives
Appendix C – Portfolio Manager “Statement of Energy Performance”
Appendix D – Major Equipment List
Appendix E – Investment Grade Lighting Audit
I.
HISTORIC ENERGY CONSUMPTION/COST
The energy usage for the facility has been tabulated and plotted in graph form as depicted within
this section. Each energy source has been identified and monthly consumption and cost noted
per the information provided by the Owner.
Electric Utility Provider:
Public Service Electric & Gas
Electric Utility Rate Structure:
General Lighting & Power (GLP)
Third
Party
Supplier:
Direct
Energy
Natural Gas Utility Provider:
Public Service Electric & Gas
Utility Rate Structure:
General Service Gas (GSG)
Third Party Supplier:
South Jersey Energy Co.
Fuel Oil Utility Provider:
National Terminal, Inc.
Utility Rate Structure:
Time of Delivery Price
The electric usage profile represents the actual electrical usage for the facility. The electric utility
measures consumption in kilowatt-hours (KWH) and maximum demand in kilowatts (KW). One
KWH usage is equivalent to 1000 watts running for one hour. One KW of electric demand is
equivalent to 1000 watts running at any given time. The basic usage charges are shown as
generation service and delivery charges along with several non-utility generation charges. Rates
used in this report reflect the historical data received for the facility.
The gas usage profile within each facility report shows the actual natural gas energy usage for
the facility. The gas utility measures consumption in cubic feet x 100 (CCF), and converts the
quantity into Therms of energy. One Therm is equivalent to 100,000 BTUs of energy.
The oil usage profile shows the actual oil consumption for the facility. The oil provider measures
consumption in gallons. One Gallon of #2 oil is equivalent to 140,000 BTUs of energy.
Table 1
Electricity Billing Data
Note: There are several estimated meter readings for this facility's electric utility bills, with many
not properly adjusted to actual readings. Given the inaccuracies in utility billing it is likely this
facility consumes more energy than reported.
Utility Provider: PSE&G
Rate: GLP
Meter No: 9196730
Account No: 65 788 195 09
Third Party Utility Provider: Direct Energy
TPS Meter / Acct No:
-MONTH OF USE
CONSUMPTION KWH
TOTAL BILL
May-14
36,990
$5,724
Jun-14
7,320
$1,318
Jul-14
5,784
$1,117
Aug-14
5,976
$2,276
Sep-14
6,570
$975
Oct-14
6,120
$917
Nov-14
7,380
$1,082
Dec-14
7,770
$1,133
Jan-15
8,640
$1,258
Feb-15
6,990
$1,082
Mar-15
7,500
$1,098
Apr-15
8,970
$1,331
Totals
116,010
28.2
Max
$19,311
AVERAGE DEMAND
25.3 KW average
AVERAGE RATE
$0.166
$/kWh
25.8
25.8
24.3
ELECTRIC USAGE SUMMARY
DEMAND KW
24.6
24.6
24.6
28.2
24.9
24.9
24.6
27.0
24.6
Figure 1
Table 2
Natural Gas Billing Data
Utility Provider: PSE&G
Rate: GSG
Meter No: 1691390
Account No: 65 788 195 09
Third Party Utility Provider: South Jersey Energy Co.
TPS Meter No:
MONTH OF USE
CONSUMPTION
(THERMS)
TOTAL BILL
May-14
412.46
$472.92
Jun-14
28.31
$34.63
Jul-14
50.28
$49.88
Aug-14
97.55
$98.20
Sep-14
37.93
$41.05
Oct-14
33.74
$36.77
Nov-14
93.76
$90.59
Dec-14
33.78
$42.82
Jan-15
88.75
$90.16
Feb-15
6.35
$16.40
Mar-15
76.22
$73.33
Apr-15
169.37
$149.33
TOTALS
1,128.48
$1,196.08
AVERAGE RATE:
$1.06
$/THERM
Figure 2
Table 3
Fuel Oil Billing Data
Utility Provider: National Terminal, Inc.
Point of Delivery ID:
-Rate: Based on Time of Delivery Price
MONTH OF USE
CONSUMPTION
(GALLONS)
TOTAL BILL
Mar-14
10,896.00
$33,746.55
Apr-14
881.00
$2,204.97
May-14
0.00
$0.00
Jun-14
0.00
$0.00
Jul-14
0.00
$0.00
Aug-14
0.00
$0.00
Sep-14
0.00
$0.00
Oct-14
1,551.00
$3,974.85
Nov-14
5,296.00
$13,289.43
Dec-14
8,172.00
$17,473.19
Jan-15
13,579.00
$24,538.54
Feb-15
14,245.00
$29,574.99
TOTALS
54,620.00
$124,802.52
AVERAGE RATE:
$2.28
$/Gallon
Figure 3
II.
FACILITY ENERGY USE INDEX (EUI)
Energy Use Index (EUI) is a measure of a building’s annual energy utilization per square foot of
building. This calculation is completed by converting all utility usage consumed by a building
for one year, to British Thermal Units (BTU) and dividing this number by the building square
footage. EUI is a good measure of a building’s energy use and is utilized regularly for
comparison of energy performance for similar building types. Building Benchmarking data is
collected and analyzed within the Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS),
performed by the Energy and Information Administration (EIA). Building data is grouped by
function types and tabulated, from which a median site and source energy intensity is
determined. The national median or PEER Group Comparable in this instance is the middle
value of the national population meaning half the buildings use more energy, and half use less.
The PEER Group EUI allows us to compare the relative efficiency of the audited building to that
of an average building with the same or similar primary function (i.e. group type).
Source use differs from site usage when comparing a building’s energy consumption with the
national average. Site energy use is the energy consumed by the building at the building site
only. Source energy use includes the site energy use as well as all of the losses to create and
distribute the energy to the building. Source energy represents the total amount of raw fuel that is
required to operate the building. It incorporates all transmission, delivery, and production losses,
which allows for a complete assessment of energy efficiency in a building. The type of utility
purchased has a substantial impact on the source energy use of a building. The EPA has
determined that source energy is the most comparable unit for evaluation purposes and overall
global impact. Both the site and source EUI ratings for the building are provided to understand
and compare the differences in energy use.
The site and source EUI for this facility is calculated as follows:
Building Site EUI
Electric Usage in kBtu
Fuel Usage in kBtu
Building Square Footage
Building Source EUI
Electric Usage in kBtu SS Ratio
Fuel Usage in kBtu SS Ratio
Building Square Footage
Table 3
Energy Use Index Summary
kWh
Therms
Gallons
kBtu
kBtu
ELECTRIC
116,010.0
396,058
3.140
1,243,623
NATURAL GAS
1,128.5
112,848
1.050
118,490
FUEL OIL
54,620.0
7,592,180
1.010
7,668,102
TOTAL
8,101,086
9,030,214
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING AREA
103,000
SQUARE FEET
BUILDING SITE EUI
78.65
kBtu/SF/YR
58.2
kBtu/SF/YR
BUILDING SOURCE EUI
87.67
kBtu/SF/YR
141.4
kBtu/SF/YR
38%
ENERGY USE INTENSITY CALCULATION
ENERGY TYPE
BUILDING USE
SITE
ENERGY
SITE-SOURCE
RATIO
SOURCE
ENERGY
*Site - Source Ratio data is provided by the Energy Star Performance Rating Methodology for Incorporating Source
Energy Use document.
AUDITED BUILDING
PEER COMPARISON
K-12 School
K-12 School
III.
FACILITY DESCRIPTION
The Whitney Houston Academy is located at 215 Dodd Street in East Orange, New Jersey. This
103,000 SF facility was originally built in 1910. The facility is a 3-story building with a
basement level and two mezzanine levels. The school is comprised of classrooms, offices, an
auditorium, a gym, a cafeteria, storage rooms, restrooms, and utility rooms.
Occupancy Profile
The school is in use 8:00 am till 3:00 pm, 5 days a week, with staff staying after hours for
cleaning and some student activities. There are approximately 69 employees and 367 students
which occupy the facility.
Building Envelope
Exterior walls for the building are masonry brick faced construction with drywall interior. The
windows throughout the facility are in poor condition. Typical windows are single-pane
operable with aluminum frames. The roof is a combination of A-Frame Style with wood trusses,
wood sheathing, a vapor barrier, and tar shingles that comprises the main central structure; and
then flat built up roofing on the gymnasium, auditorium, and east and west classroom wings.
HVAC Systems
The Houston Academy is primarily conditioned by a heating only central steam system, with
limited air conditioning being provided by individual window air conditioning and thru-wall
units.
The steam heating plant consists of two Bethlehem Corporation Continental fire-tube boilers.
The boilers are oil-fired rated at 60 gallons per hour of fuel input, or approximately 8,400 MBH.
These boilers are 1977 vintage, and given their age are estimated to have an efficiency of 68%.
Steam is produced by the boilers at 5 PSI. Fuel oil is stored in an approximately 2,000 gallon
tank located outside.
There is a large condensate receiving station located in the boiler room that had a significant
leak, resulting in much of the return being dumped down the drain. We recommend repairing or
replacing the receiving station if the boiler plant is to remain.
The steam heating is distributed to radiators, cabinet heaters, unit ventilators and some baseboard
throughout the classrooms, offices, hallways, gymnasium, cafeteria, and auditorium.
The classrooms fitted with air conditioning have window units that range in capacity from ¾ to 1
½ tons and range from 3 to 10 years of age. The main office and principals office has thru-wall
packaged terminal heat pump units, which are primarily used for cooling. The units provide one
ton of cooling with an efficiency of 9.3 EER.
Exhaust System
The school facility has general exhaust fans located on the roof with fractional horsepower
motors, and a utility exhaust set located in the 3
rd
floor attic space.
HVAC System Controls
The building is controlled by a pneumatic system operating off a time clock. Rooms have
pneumatic thermostats with limited occupant controllability. The building has one compressor
located in the boiler room with one 1.65 kilowatt motor. The boilers are also controlled by a
Heat-Timer panel located in the boiler room.
Domestic Hot Water
Domestic hot water for the building is supplied by a single natural gas fired HTP water heater.
The unit is rated at 125 MBH with a 72 gallon storage tank. The unit has an estimated thermal
efficiency of 80% based on input and recovery ratings.
Plumbing System
The Whitney Houston Academy utilizes sinks rated at 2.2 gallons per minute. Additionally,
water closets and urinals located in the restroom areas have a rating of 1.6 and 1.0 gallons per
flush, respectively.
Kitchen Equipment
The kitchen equipment at the facility consists of two (2) electric ovens 24.5 kW each, three (3)
reach-in refrigerators, and two (2) reach–in freezers.
Miscellaneous Equipment
Typical classrooms each had three to four computers, if not more, along with a standard
television, and smart board system.
Lighting
Refer to the Investment Grade Lighting Audit Appendix for a detailed list of the lighting
throughout the facility and estimated operating hours per space.
IV.
MAJOR EQUIPMENT LIST
The equipment list contains major energy consuming equipment that through implementation of
energy conservation measures could yield substantial energy savings. The list shows the major
equipment in the facility and all pertinent information utilized in energy savings calculations.
An approximate age was assigned to the equipment in some cases if a manufactures date was not
shown on the equipment’s nameplate. The ASHRAE service life for the equipment along with
the remaining useful life is also shown in the Appendix.
V.
ENERGY CONSERVATION MEASURES
Energy Conservation Measures are developed specifically for this facility. The energy savings
and calculations are highly dependent on the information received from the site survey and
interviews with operations personnel. The assumptions and calculations should be reviewed by
the owner to ensure accurate representation of this facility. The following ECMs were analyzed:
Table 1
ECM Financial Summary
ECM #1
Interior Lighting Upgrades
$61,295
$7,772
7.9
90.2%
ECM #2
Exterior Lighting Upgrades
$1,590
$509
3.1
380.6%
ECM #3
Lighting Controls Upgrades
$1,640
$86
19.1
-21.3%
ECM #4
Steam Trap Replacement
$29,000
$6,685
4.3
245.8%
ECM #5
Fuel Oil to Natural Gas
Conversion
$45,000
$43,478
1.0
1349.3%
ECM #6
Boiler Replacement
$605,000
$60,603
10.0
150.4%
ECM #7
Plug Load Controls
$7,100
$109
65.1
-77.0%
REM #1
25 kW Solar Array
$118,957
$9,411
12.6
97.8%
Notes:
ECM
NO.
DESCRIPTION
SIMPLE
PAYBACK
(Yrs)
SIMPLE
LIFETIME
ROI
ENERGY CONSERVATION MEASURES (ECM's)
NET
INSTALLATION
COST
A
RENEWABLE ENERGY MEASURES (REM's)
ECM
NO.
DESCRIPTION
NET
INSTALLATION
COST
ANNUAL
SAVINGS
B
ANNUAL
SAVINGS
SIMPLE
PAYBACK
(Yrs)
SIMPLE
LIFETIME
ROI
A. Cost takes into consideration applicable NJ Smart StartTM incentives.
B. Savings takes into consideration applicable maintenance savings.
Table 2
ECM Energy Summary
ECM #1
Interior Lighting Upgrades
28.0
46,817
0
0
ECM #2
Exterior Lighting Upgrades
1.0
3,069
0
0
ECM #3
Lighting Controls Upgrades
0.0
521
0
0
ECM #4
Steam Trap Replacement
0.0
0
0
2,932
ECM #5
Fuel Oil to Natural Gas
Conversion
0.0
0
-76,468
54,620
ECM #6
Boiler Replacement
0.0
0
-60,312
54,620
ECM #7
Plug Load Controls
0.0
655
0
0
REM #1
25 kW Solar Array
22.9
29,640
0
0
ELECTRIC
DEMAND
(KW)
ELECTRIC
CONSUMPTION
(KWH)
ECM
NO.
DESCRIPTION
ECM
NO.
DESCRIPTION
ELECTRIC
DEMAND
(KW)
FUEL OIL
(GALLONS)
FUEL OIL
(GALLONS)
ENERGY CONSERVATION MEASURES (ECM's)
ANNUAL UTILITY REDUCTION
ANNUAL UTILITY REDUCTION
RENEWABLE ENERGY MEASURES (REM's)
NATURAL GAS
(THERMS)
NATURAL GAS
(THERMS)
ELECTRIC
CONSUMPTION
(KWH)
Table 3
ECM Emissions Summary
ECM #1
Interior Lighting Upgrades
71,162
131
304
ECM #2
Exterior Lighting Upgrades
4,665
9
20
ECM #3
Lighting Controls Upgrades
792
1
3
ECM #4
Steam Trap Replacement
65,677
0
0
ECM #5
Fuel Oil to Natural Gas
Conversion
328,812
(704)
0
ECM #6
Boiler Replacement
517,841
(555)
0
ECM #7
Plug Load Controls
996
2
4
Notes:
ENERGY CONSERVATION MEASURES (ECM's)
ECM
NO.
DESCRIPTION
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS REDUCTION
CO
2
EMISSIONS
(LBS)
NO
X
EMISSIONS
(LBS)
SO
2
EMISSIONS
(LBS)
Table 4
Facility Project Summary
Note the measure totals in this table do not take into account interactive effects of measures; see Method of Analysis
Section III in Executive Report for further explanation.
NOTE: Since Concord Engineering also suggests upgrading to new natural gas boilers, only one
of these measures should be implemented, as they conflict with each other. Concord
recommends replacing the boilers in their entirety over converting the existing boilers at the
facility to natural gas.
This project does not qualify for additional incentives through the Pay for Performance Program;
please see the Installation Funding Options section for additional program options.
Interior Lighting Upgrades
$7,772
$69,715
$8,420
$61,295
7.9
Exterior Lighting Upgrades
$509
$1,930
$340
$1,590
3.1
Lighting Controls Upgrades
$86
$1,700
$60
$1,640
19.1
Steam Trap Replacement
$6,685
$29,000
$0
$29,000
4.3
Fuel Oil to Natural Gas
Conversion
$43,478
$45,000
$0
$45,000
1.0
Boiler Replacement
$60,603
$605,000
$0
$605,000
10.0
Plug Load Controls
$109
$7,100
$0
$7,100
65.1
Total Project
$75,764
$714,445
$8,820
$705,625
9.3
FACILITY PROJECT SUMMARY TABLE
ENERGY
CONSERVATION
MEASURES
ANNUAL
ENERGY
SAVINGS ($)
PROJECT
COST ($)
CUSTOMER
COST
SIMPLE
PAYBACK
SMART
START
INCENTIVES
ECM #1: Interior Lighting Upgrades
Description:
The majority of the interior lighting throughout the Whitney Houston Academy is provided by
2x4 and 1x4 fluorescent fixtures with newer generation 700 Series 32W T8 lamps and T12 lamps
in addition to various CFL and incandescent A-lamp bulbs. It is recommended that all fixtures
within the building be replaced with LED equivalent tube lamps and screw-in bulbs due to their
efficiency and low power usage.
This ECM includes replacing and retrofitting all of the interior lighting throughout the school
with new LED type lamps and fixtures. It is recommended that the School District consult with
a lighting engineer prior to retrofitting or replacing interior fixtures to ensure code required
minimum light levels will be met.
Energy Savings Calculations:
The
Investment Grade Lighting Audit Appendix outlines the hours of operation, proposed
new fixtures/retrofits, costs, savings, and payback periods for each set of interior fixtures in the
school.
Maintenance Savings and Project Costs:
No maintenance cost savings were estimated for this measure.
Project Costs are based off RS Means Unit Cost Data and Vendor quotes.
DESCRIPTION
SAVINGS
Electric Demand Savings (kW)
28.0
Electric Usage Savings (kWh)
46,817
Electric Cost Savings ($)
$7,772
Energy Savings Summary:
Installation Cost ($):
$69,715
NJ Smart Start Equipment Incentive ($):
$8,420
Net Installation Cost ($):
$61,295
Maintenance Savings ($/Yr):
$0
Energy Savings ($/Yr):
$7,772
Total Yearly Savings ($/Yr):
$7,772
Estimated ECM Lifetime (Yr):
15
Simple Payback
7.9
Simple Lifetime ROI
90.2%
Simple Lifetime Maintenance Savings
$0
Simple Lifetime Savings
$116,580
Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
9%
Net Present Value (NPV)
$31,486.63
ECM #2: Exterior Lighting Upgrade
Description:
The exterior lighting at the school includes exterior building lighting. The exterior of the
building is currently lit by PAR lamps and high pressure sodium wall packs, with the area around
the school lit by pole mounted high pressure sodium lamps.
Concord Engineering recommends upgrading all of the exterior lighting to an energy-efficient
lighting system that includes LED wall packs and LED bulb replacements.
Energy Savings Calculations:
A detailed Investment Grade Lighting Audit can be found in Investment Grade Lighting Audit
Appendix that outlines the proposed retrofits, costs, savings, and payback periods.
Maintenance Savings and Project Costs:
No maintenance cost savings were estimated for this measure.
Project Costs are based off RS Means Unit Cost Data and Vendor quotes.
DESCRIPTION
SAVINGS
Electric Demand Savings (kW)
1.0
Electric Usage Savings (kWh)
3,069
Electric Cost Savings ($)
$509
Energy Savings Summary:
Installation Cost ($):
$1,930
NJ Smart Start Equipment Incentive ($):
$340
Net Installation Cost ($):
$1,590
Maintenance Savings ($/Yr):
$0
Energy Savings ($/Yr):
$509
Total Yearly Savings ($/Yr):
$509
Estimated ECM Lifetime (Yr):
15
Simple Payback
3.1
Simple Lifetime ROI
380.6%
Simple Lifetime Maintenance Savings
$0
Simple Lifetime Savings
$7,642
Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
32%
Net Present Value (NPV)
$4,491.83
ECM #3: Interior Lighting Controls Upgrade
Description:
Sometimes lights in a school are left on unnecessarily. In many cases the lights may be left on
because of the inconvenience to manually switch lights off when a room is left or on when a
room is first occupied. In some instances lights might be left on due to the misconception that it
is better to keep the lights on rather than to continuously switch lights on and off. Although
increased switching reduces lamp life, the energy savings outweigh the lamp replacement costs.
The payback timeframe for when to turn the lights off is approximately two minutes. If the
lights are expected to be off for at least a two minute interval, then it pays to shut them off.
Lighting controls come in many forms. Sometimes an additional switch is adequate to provide
reduced lighting levels when full light output is not needed. Occupancy sensors detect motion
and will switch the lights on when the room is occupied. Occupancy sensors can either be
mounted in place of a current wall switch, or on the ceiling to cover large areas. In addition,
daylight control systems can be implemented using daylighting control systems that dim the
electric lighting in response to interior daylight levels. The light output of the fluorescent lamps
(T8) is varied by using electronic dimming ballasts. Photosensors, typically mounted in the
ceiling, are used to measure the quantity of daylight in the space then determine the amount of
dimming required to maintain adequate lighting levels in the total space.
The U.S. Department of Energy sponsored a study to analyze energy savings achieved through
various types of building system controls. The referenced savings is based on the “Advanced
Sensors and Controls for Building Applications: Market Assessment and Potential R&D
Pathways,” document posted for public use April 2005. The study has found that buildings have
the potential to achieve significant energy savings through the use of building controls. The
average energy savings are as follows based on the report:
Occupancy Sensors for Lighting Control
20% - 28% energy savings.
Savings resulting from the implementation of this ECM for energy management controls are
estimated to be 20% of the total light energy controlled by occupancy sensors.
This ECM includes installation of ceiling or switch-mount sensors for the teacher’s lounge,
offices, and restrooms. Sensors shall be manufactured by Sensorswitch, Watt Stopper or
equivalent.
The
Investment Grade Lighting Audit Appendix of this report includes the summary of
lighting controls which can be implemented in this ECM and outlines the proposed
lighting/daylighting controls, costs, savings, and payback periods. The calculations adjust the
lighting power usage by the applicable percent savings for each area that includes lighting
controls.
Energy Savings Calculations:
%
Savings
Controlled
Light
Energy
kWh/Yr
Savings
Energy
kWh
$
Cost
Elec
Ave
kWh
Savings
Energy
Savings.
Maintenance Savings and Project Costs:
No maintenance cost savings were estimated for this measure.
Project Costs are based off RS Means Unit Cost Data and Vendor quotes.
Energy Savings Summary:
DESCRIPTION
SAVINGS
Electric Demand Savings (kW)
0.0
Electric Usage Savings (kWh)
521
Electric Cost Savings ($)
$86
LIGHTING CONTROLS SAVINGS SUMMARY
Installation Cost ($):
$1,700
NJ Smart Start Equipment Incentive ($):
$60
Net Installation Cost ($):
$1,640
Maintenance Savings ($/Yr):
$0
Energy Savings ($/Yr):
$86
Total Yearly Savings ($/Yr):
$86
Estimated ECM Lifetime (Yr):
15
Simple Payback
19.1
Simple Lifetime ROI
-21.3%
Simple Lifetime Maintenance Savings
$0
Simple Lifetime Savings
$1,290
Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
-3%
Net Present Value (NPV)
($613.34)
ECM #4:
STEAM TRAP REPLACEMENT PROGRAM
Description:
Steam traps are required for the proper operation of steam distributions systems. Traps are
mechanical devices installed on steam pipes to remove condensate from steam flow.
Unfortunately steam traps have a tendency to leak. On average 20% of steam traps are leaking in
existing installations. Steam traps only have an average life of five (5) years.
This ECM would replace approximately one hundred three (103) balanced pressure thermostatic
steam traps. Where repairing is not feasible, the thermostatic traps will be replaced. Schedule
80 piping and extra heavy fittings will be used, and all piping and fittings between the unions
will be replaced along with the steam traps. In addition, a complete steam trap survey will be
performed along with tagging and implementing a 3-year, revolving, steam trap maintenance
program.
Energy Savings Calculations:
Maintenance Savings and Project Costs:
No maintenance cost savings were estimated for this measure. However we recommend the
district institute a regular scheduled trap maintenance program.
Project Costs are based off RS Means Unit Cost Data and Vendor quotes.
Steam Trap Sizes
Trap
Orifice
Diamter (in)
Steam Loss
lb/hr
(15 PSI)
Quantity
of
Traps
Estimated
Quantity
Failed
Annual
Steam Loss
lbs
Annual
Steam Loss
Gallons
Cost
Savings
3/4" Trap
3/8"
13.70
103
21
322,860
2,932
$6,685
TOTAL
103
21
322,860
2,932
$6,685
Energy Savings Summary:
Installation Cost ($):
$29,000
NJ Smart Start Equipment Incentive ($):
$0
Net Installation Cost ($):
$29,000
Maintenance Savings ($/Yr):
$0
Energy Savings ($/Yr):
$6,685
Total Yearly Savings ($/Yr):
$6,685
Estimated ECM Lifetime (Yr):
15
Simple Payback
4.3
Simple Lifetime ROI
245.8%
Simple Lifetime Maintenance Savings
$0
Simple Lifetime Savings
$100,275
Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
22%
Net Present Value (NPV)
$50,805.10
ECM #5 – Fuel Conversion to Natural Gas
Description:
The Whitney Houston Academy currently uses fuel oil to fire the boilers at the facility. Concord
Engineering recommends converting to natural gas. While the conversion of existing equipment
over to natural gas may not save energy, it will reduce energy costs.
This ECM would replace the fuel oil used to fire the boilers with natural gas at Whitney Houston
Academy. It is recommended new dual fuel burners being installed on the boiler to be primarily
fired off natural gas. It is also recommended the district consult with the utility company to
ensure adequate gas pressure is available at the site to support operation of the boilers.
Since Concord Engineering also suggests upgrading to new natural gas boilers, only one of
these measures should be implemented, as they conflict with each other. Concord recommends
replacing the boilers in their entirety over converting the existing boilers at the facility to natural
gas.
Energy Savings Calculations:
Fuel conversion does not take into account any change in boiler efficiency.
Fuel Usage kbtu
Fuel Usage Units
Fuel Conversion Factor
Btu
Unit
Natural Gas Usage therm
Fuel Usage kBtu
1 therm
ECM INPUTS
EXISTING
PROPOSED
SAVINGS
Description
Fuel Oil
Natural Gas
Conversion
Existing Fuel Oil Usage (Gallons)
54,620
0
Fuel Oil Conversion (Btu/Gal)
140,000
140,000
Natural Gas (Btu/therm)
100,000
100,000
Fuel Usage (kBtu)
7,646,800
7,646,800
Fuel Oil #2 ($/Gallon)
$2.280
$2.280
Natural Gas ($/therm)
$1.060
$1.060
Fuel Oil #2 Usage (Gallons)
54,620
0
54,620
Natural Gas Usage (Therm)
0
76,468
(76,468)
Energy Cost ($)
$124,534
$81,056
$43,478
COMMENTS:
FUEL CONVERSION ANALYSIS
Maintenance Savings and Project Costs:
No maintenance cost savings were estimated for this measure.
Project Costs are based off RS Means Unit Cost Data.
Energy Savings Summary:
Installation Cost ($):
$45,000
NJ Smart Start Equipment Incentive ($):
$0
Net Installation Cost ($):
$45,000
Maintenance Savings ($/Yr):
$0
Energy Savings ($/Yr):
$43,478
Total Yearly Savings ($/Yr):
$43,478
Estimated ECM Lifetime (Yr):
15
Simple Payback
1.0
Simple Lifetime ROI
1349.3%
Simple Lifetime Maintenance Savings
$0
Simple Lifetime Savings
$652,170
Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
97%
Net Present Value (NPV)
$474,037.54
ECM #6: Boiler Replacement
Description:
The Whitney Houston School has two Bethlehem Corporation Continental fire-tube boilers. The
boilers are oil-fired rated at 60 gallons per hour of fuel input, or approximately 8,400 MBH.
These boilers are 1977 vintage, and given their age are estimated to have an efficiency of 68%.
By converting the boilers to natural gas and installing new boilers substantial energy and cost
savings could be realized.
This ECM would install two Weil-McLain H Series gas/oil steam boiler rated at 8,660 MBH
input to replace the two existing boilers. The owner should consult a professional engineer prior
to installation of this measure to verify load requirements and consult with the utility regarding
adequate gas pressure.
Energy Savings Calculations:
Units
BTU
HeatValue
Fuel
%
.
Eff
Heating
Units
Use
Fuel
Existing
quired
Re
Heat
Bldg
Therm
BTU
Value
Heat
Fuel
%
.
Eff
Heating
BTU
quired
Re
Heat
Bldg
Usage
Gas
Heating
oposed
Pr
Therm
$
Cost
Fuel
Ave
Therms
Usage
Gas
Heating
Cost
Energy
Maintenance Savings and Project Costs:
No maintenance cost savings were estimated for this measure.
Project Costs are based off RS Means Unit Cost Data.
ECM INPUTS
EXISTING
PROPOSED
SAVINGS
ECM INPUTS
Oil Fired Steam
Steam NG
Existing Fuel Oil Use (Gal)
54,620
Boiler Efficiency (%)
68.0%
85.6%
18%
Nat Gas Heat Value
(BTU/Therm)
139,000
100,000
Equivalent Building Heat
Usage (MMBTUs)
5,163
5,163
Gas Cost ($/Therm)
$1.06 $1.06
Oil Cost ($/Gallon)
$2.28 $2.28
ECM RESULTS
EXISTING
PROPOSED
SAVINGS
Natural Gas Usage (Therms)
0
60,312
-60,312
Fuel Oil Usage (Gallons)
54,620
0
54,620
Energy Cost ($)
$124,534
$63,930
$60,603
COMMENTS:
BOILER REPLACMEENT/CONVERSION CALCULATIONS
ENERGY SAVINGS CALCULATIONS
Energy Savings Summary:
Installation Cost ($):
$605,000
NJ Smart Start Equipment Incentive ($):
$0
Net Installation Cost ($):
$605,000
Maintenance Savings ($/Yr):
$0
Energy Savings ($/Yr):
$60,603
Total Yearly Savings ($/Yr):
$60,603
Estimated ECM Lifetime (Yr):
25
Simple Payback
10.0
Simple Lifetime ROI
150.4%
Simple Lifetime Maintenance Savings
0
Simple Lifetime Savings
$1,515,080
Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
9%
Net Present Value (NPV)
$450,292.25
ECM #7: Plug Load Management
Description:
The Whitney Houston Academy has many types of plug in type equipment from computer
monitors, copiers/printers, window air conditioning units, and other office equipment. As
technology continues to advance and be integrated into society and the work environment, the
devices in most instances require electrical power either a battery or power outlet. The increase
in use of these devices is contributing vastly to the increase in electric usage at facilities and
according to a study performed by the California Energy Commission can account for more than
20% of electricity use. In most instances these devices are left plugged in and sometimes on
continuously whether occupants are present or not leading to a significant amount of wasted
energy. By managing these loads with intelligent outlet receptacles facility and energy
management staff can reduce the consumption of these devices and better control energy waste.
The installation of a plug load management system with wireless controlled outlets will enable
facility staff and energy managers to control the power draw of these systems during unoccupied
periods. For cost estimating purposes a total of 50 outlets would be controlled by this system,
further refinement of this number should be performed before installation. The basis of this
measure is a “Bert” plug load management system with a network interface control system.
Energy Savings Calculations:
Data published by the DOE’s Energy and Information Administration Commercial Buildings
Consumption Survey states energy use breakouts for various types of buildings. This survey
data was used to estimate the building energy consumption associated with Office Type
Equipment.
Savings are based on a ten (10%) percent reduction of the electric usage associated with interior
equipment usage.
Energy Savings Summary:
ECM INPUTS
EXISTING
PROPOSED
SAVINGS
Plug Load Usage Electric (kBtu)
22,342
20,108
2,234
Savings Percentage
-
10.0%
Electric Site Conversion (kWh/kBtu)
3.412
3.412
Electric Cost ($/kWh)
$0.166
$0.166
ECM RESULTS
EXISTING
PROPOSED
SAVINGS
Electric Usage (kWh)
6,548 5,893 655
Energy Cost ($)
$1,087
$978
$109
COMMENTS:
PLUG LOAD MANAGEMENT SAVINGS CALCULATIONS
ENERGY SAVINGS CALCULATIONS
Installation Cost ($):
$7,100
NJ Smart Start Equipment Incentive ($):
$0
Net Installation Cost ($):
$7,100
Maintenance Savings ($/Yr):
$0
Energy Savings ($/Yr):
$109
Total Yearly Savings ($/Yr):
$109
Estimated ECM Lifetime (Yr):
15
Simple Payback
65.1
Simple Lifetime ROI
-77.0%
Simple Lifetime Maintenance Savings
$0
Simple Lifetime Savings
$1,635
Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
-14%
Net Present Value (NPV)
($5,798.77)
REM #1: 25 kW Solar System
Description:
Whitney Houston Academy has available roof space that could accommodate solar arrays.
Based on the available area a 25 kilowatt solar array could be installed. The array will produce
approximately 29,640 kilowatt-hours annually that will reduce the overall electric usage of the
facility by 25%. The owner should consult a structural engineer prior to installing any solar
array to insure the roof can accommodate the additional weight.
Energy Savings Calculations:
See Renewable / Distributed Energy Measures Calculations Appendix for detailed financial
summary and proposed solar layout areas. Financial results in table below are based on 100%
financing of the system over a fifteen year period.
Energy Savings Summary:
Installation Cost ($):
$118,957
NJ Smart Start Equipment Incentive ($):
$0
Net Installation Cost ($):
$118,957
SREC Revenue ($/Yr):
$4,491
Energy Savings ($/Yr):
$4,920
Total Yearly Savings ($/Yr):
$9,411
Estimated ECM Lifetime (Yr):
15
Simple Payback
12.6
Simple Lifetime ROI
18.7%
Simple Lifetime Maintenance Savings
$67,359
Simple Lifetime Savings
$141,164
Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
2.2%
Net Present Value (NPV)
($6,609.43)
VI.
ADDITIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS
The following recommendations include no cost/low cost measures, Operation & Maintenance
(O&M) items, and water conservation measures with attractive paybacks. These measures are
not eligible for the Smart Start Buildings incentives from the office of Clean Energy but save
energy none the less.
A.
Chemically clean the condenser and evaporator coils periodically to optimize efficiency.
Poorly maintained heat transfer surfaces can reduce efficiency 5-10%.
B.
Maintain all weather stripping on windows and doors.
C.
Clean all light fixtures to maximize light output.
D.
Provide more frequent air filter changes to decrease overall system power usage and
maintain better IAQ.
E.
Turn off computers when not in use. Ensure computers are not running in screen saver
mode.
F.
Replace any old CRT Monitors with LED/LCD Type Monitors, which can draw as much
as a quarter the power of an equivalent CRT monitor.
G.
Ensure outside air dampers are functioning properly and only open during occupied
mode.
H.
Repair/Replace the large condensate receiving station if the boiler plant is to remain
LIFETIME ENERGY SAVINGS
LIFETIME MAINTENANCE
SAVINGS
LIFETIME ROI SIMPLE PAYBACK INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN (IRR)
NET PRESENT VALUE (NPV) MATERIAL LABOR REBATES,
INCENTIVES NET INSTALLATION
COST
ENERGY MAINT. / SREC TOTAL (Yearly Saving * ECM Lifetime) (Yearly Maint Svaing * ECM Lifetime) (Lifetime Savings - Net Cost) / (Net Cost) (Net cost / Yearly Savings)
($) ($) ($) ($) ($/Yr) ($/Yr) ($/Yr) (Yr) ($) ($) (% ) (Yr) ($) ($)
ECM #1 Interior Lighting Upgrades $44,752 $24,963 $8,420 $61,295 $7,772 $0 $7,772 15 $116,575 $0 90.2% 7.9 9.37% $31,483.21
ECM #2 Exterior Lighting Upgrades $1,550 $380 $340 $1,590 $509 $0 $509 15 $7,642 $0 380.6% 3.1 31.52% $4,491.83
ECM #3 Lighting Controls Upgrades $1,150 $550 $60 $1,640 $86 $0 $86 15 $1,290 $0 -21.3% 19.1 -2.86% ($613.34)
ECM #4 Steam Trap Replacement $16,500 $12,500 $0 $29,000 $6,685 $0 $6,685 15 $100,275 $0 245.8% 4.3 21.86% $50,805.10
ECM #5 Fuel Oil to Natural Gas Conversion $25,000 $20,000 $0 $45,000 $43,478 $0 $43,478 15 $652,170 $0 1349.3% 1.0 96.61% $474,037.54 ECM #6 Boiler Replacement $325,000 $280,000 $0 $605,000 $60,603 $0 $60,603 25 $1,515,080 $0 150.4% 10.0 8.80% $450,292.25
ECM #7 Plug Load Controls $5,000 $2,100 $0 $7,100 $109 $0 $109 15 $1,635 $0 -77.0% 65.1 -14.47% ($5,798.77)
REM #1 25 kW Solar Array $71,374 $47,583 $0 $118,957 $4,920 $4,491 $9,411 25 $235,273 $112,266 97.8% 12.6 6.12% $44,917.06
Notes: 1) The variable Cn in the formulas for Internal Rate of Return and Net Present Value stands for the cash flow during each period. 2) The variable DR in the NPV equation stands for Discount Rate
3) For NPV and IRR calculations: From n=0 to N periods where N is the lifetime of ECM and Cn is the cash flow during each period.
REM RENEWABLE ENERGY AND FINANCIAL COSTS AND SAVINGS SUMMARY
ECM COST & SAVINGS BREAKDOWN
CONCORD ENGINEERING GROUP East Orange School District - Whitney Houston Academy INSTALLATION COST YEARLY SAVINGS
ECM LIFETIME DESCRIPTION
ECM NO.