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Copyright © 2015 IGotAnOffer Ltd.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Free BCG Potential Test

Boston Consulting Group Potential Test

Free Practice Test

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Online case.

During your recruiting process with BCG you will have to go through an online case.

The purpose of this exercise is to test your analytical and logic skills as well as your business sense.

Sample.

This document is a sample of 10 questions put together by IGotAnOffer. Its purpose is to

help you prepare for the actual online exercise you will have to complete. We recommend you take

no more than 20 minutes to take this test.

Each question

is divided into 2 parts:

•  on the left, you will find the question itself

•  on the right, you will find the information you need to answer the question

No calculator.

We recommend you complete this sample test without using a calculator.

Scoring system.

You should select one or more answers for each question. During the actual test

you will be able to move onwards and backwards and change your prior answers so you should feel

free to do the same here. For each right answer you will get +3 points, 0 points for no answer and -1

point for a wrong answer.

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IGotAnOffer disclaimer

Process followed.

BCG only makes four questions available to candidates preparing for its online

test. The free sample test you are reading is inspired by these questions as well as conversations

with past BCG candidates and other consulting recruitment tests. Although this free sample test is

unlikely to be a perfect representation of the actual test, we believe it should help significantly in

your preparation.

Remaining uncertainties.

There are a few uncertainties regarding the BCG potential test that you

should be aware of:

•  Number of questions and time: In its four-question sample BCG mentions that the online

test includes 23 questions and needs to be completed in 45 minutes. However, past

candidates have also reported slightly varying numbers of questions and time limits.

•  Maths vs. logic questions: Given the limited number of questions made available by

BCG, the balance of maths and logic questions in the actual test is not known at this

stage.

Future improvements.

Despite these uncertainties we believe the materials we put together will

enable you to develop the right skills. Your feedback on the actual test would be very valuable to us

and would significantly help us further improve these materials. You can contact us at

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Based on the market research,

what is the average ticket

price Olympian Airways

should charge for a flight from

London to Paris?

1.  €102

2.  €136

3.  €125

4.  €116

Question x / 23

Pricing strategy

Market Research

Case Overview

5,000 people were asked how much they would pay for a flight from London to Paris.

Number of respondents and price points: Due to the increasing number of low-cost

airlines entering the market, the world’s major carriers are forced to revisit their pricing strategies in order to preserve their market share.

Olympian Airways is one of the largest airlines in Europe and is revamping its pricing strategy for international short-haul flights.

In order to do so, it decided to carry out market research to find out how much passengers would be willing to pay for different routes. €50 500 €100 1,500 €150 €200 1,100

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BCG Potential Test – Olympian Airways

Question 2

What ticket price should

Olympian Airways charge to

maximise gross profit per

day?

1.  €100

2.  €125

3.  €150

4.  None of the above / we

lack sufficient information

at this stage

Question x / 23

Maximise gross profit

Scenario analysis

Customer segments

Scenario A B Flight cost and tickets’ revenue

Avg cost per flight €15,000 €15,000 # flights / day 30 20 Ticket price €100 €150 # passengers / flight 200 150 Distribution of passengers C1 50% 30% C2 30% 30% C3 20% 40%

Avg duty free spending per passenger

C1 €5 C2 €10 C3 €15

Doc 1

Doc 2

Doc 3

Doc 4

After conducting market research in ticket prices the company puts together two different scenarios. Scenario A is a low price high volume strategy and Scenario B is a high price low volume strategy. In addition to ticket revenues, Olympian Airways also sells products (perfumes, alcoholic beverages, electronics, etc.) to passengers during flights.

The company classifies customers into three income bands: C1, C2 and C3. C1 passengers have got the lowest income and C3 the highest.

C1 customers are price elastic across ticket prices and likely to spend less on goods purchased on board.

Olympian Airways’ aircrafts all have the same number of seats.

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Which of the factors listed

below would not affect the

gross profit difference

between scenarios A and B?

1.  Ticket prices

2.  Aircrafts’ seat capacity

3.  Fuel costs

4.  None of the above

Question x / 23

Maximise gross profit

Customer segments

After conducting market research in ticket prices the company puts together two different scenarios. Scenario A is a low price high volume strategy and Scenario B is a high price low volume strategy. In addition to ticket revenues, Olympian Airways also sells products (perfumes, alcoholic beverages, electronics, etc.) to passengers during flights.

The company classifies customers into three income bands: C1, C2 and C3. C1 passengers have got the lowest income and C3 the highest.

C1 customers are price elastic across ticket prices and likely to spend less on goods purchased on board.

Olympian Airways’ aircrafts all have the same number of seats.

Scenario analysis

Scenario A B Flight cost and tickets’ revenue

Avg cost per flight €15,000 €15,000 # flights / day 30 20 Ticket price €100 €150 # passengers / flight 200 150 Distribution of passengers C1 50% 30% C2 30% 30% C3 20% 40%

Avg duty free spending per passenger

C1 €5 C2 €10 C3 €15

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BCG Potential Test – Olympian Airways

Question 4

Given the data you are

provided with, what is the

maximum number of points

one can earn by buying a

single ticket?

1.  59,700

2.  62,300

3.  5,970

4.  6,230

Question x / 23

New customer loyalty programme

Data

Miles & Bonus

In addition to reviewing its pricing strategy, Olympian Airways has also decided to launch a new loyalty programme called Miles & Bonus. In this programme customers are awarded points based on the distance they travel with either the airline or one of its partners.

The points earned vary depending on the travel class (i.e. first, business or

economy), the destination and the season.

For instance, peak season business tickets in non-popular destinations are awarded the most points.

There are 60 different types of tickets (10 destinations, 3 travel classes and 2 seasons) with an average of 2,000 points awarded per ticket.

None of these tickets earns less than 500 points and exactly 15 of them earn less than 1,200 points.

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Assuming only 5% of

economy customers use Wi-Fi

all the time, what are the

expected revenues from a

flight to a popular destination

using a new aircraft at its full

capacity?

1.  €56,048

2.  €56,016

3.  €56,480

4.  €56,160

Question x / 23

Upgraded fleet of aircrafts

Data

New aircrafts

Olympian Airways is considering

upgrading its fleet. The new aircrafts will use technologies such as touch screens and Wi-Fi on board.

The company has decided that the new aircrafts will have three different types of seats: first, business and economy. First class seats will have leather heated chair beds, business seats will have leather seats with extra leg space and economy seats will have standard seats.

The ratio of first class, business and economy seats in the new aircrafts will be 1 to 3 to 8 and the total number of seats will be 240.

Average ticket prices for popular

destinations are expected to be €700 for first class, €300 for business and €150 for economy. The average duration of these flights is 3 hours.

First and business customers get free Wi-Fi on board but economy customers need to pay €2 / hour for using it.

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BCG Potential Test – PayCo

Question 6

What is the current cost per

sale for PayCo assuming all

lead sources have the same

conversion rate?

1.  $39 / sale

2.  $44 / sale

3.  $49 / sale

4.  $54 / sale

Question x / 23

Cost per sale

Current situation

Case overview

PayCo purchases lists of leads at different prices from Alma Bank, Bingo Bank and Com Bank.

It then calls the leads to try and sell them card machines and services. The average conversion rate from lead to actual

customer is about 10%. PayCo is a payments company that

processes debit card and credit card transactions in the United States. PayCo’s clients are shops such as restaurants, bars, apparel shops, supermarkets, petrol stations, etc. The company rents debit and credit card machines to its clients. It earns a rental fee for the card machines as well as a small fee for each card transaction processed by their client.

The company works with banks to acquire new clients. It purchases lists of

businesses from them and calls them to sell card machines and services.

Cost per lead ($) Share of total mix of leads (%) Alma Bank $5 30% Bingo Bank $3 60% Com Bank $6 10%

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What is the maximum

conversion rate that can be

achieved by PayCo using the

the three banks as a lead

source?

1.  10.5%

2.  11.2%

3.  11.8%

4.  12.3%

Question x / 23

Maximise conversion rate

Conversion rate results

Bank by bank analysis

After carrying out some research, your team finds out that the conversion rate between the three banks is actually different.

PayCo needs to achieve its sales target by using 300,000 leads per year. Alma Bank is a large commercial bank

from the East Coast of the US. Its clients are mainly restaurants and shops. Com Bank has got a similar list of clients to Alma Bank but is established on the West Coast of the US.

Bingo Bank is established in the Midwest and primarily serves Mom and Pop businesses.

The team at PayCo has always assumed a similar conversion rate of 10% across all three banks.

Conversion rate # of leads available per year Alma Bank 12% 100,000 Bingo Bank 8% 600,000 Com Bank 15% 80,000

(11)

BCG Potential Test – PayCo

Question 8

What is the minimum cost per

sale PayCo can achieve by

using Alma Bank, Bingo Bank

and Com Bank as sources of

leads?

1.  $35.0 / sale

2.  $37.5 / sale

3.  $40.0 / sale

4.  None of the above / we

lack sufficient information

at this stage

Question x / 23

Maximise conversion rate

Conversion rate results

Bank by bank analysis

After carrying out some research, your team finds out that the conversion rate between the three banks is actually different.

PayCo needs to achieve its sales target by using 300,000 leads per year. Alma Bank is a large commercial bank

from the East Coast of the US. Its clients are mainly restaurants and shops. Com Bank has got a similar list of clients to Alma Bank but is established on the West Coast of the US.

Bingo Bank is established in the Midwest and primarily serves Mom and Pop businesses.

The team at PayCo has always assumed a similar conversion rate of 10% across all three banks.

Conversion rate # of leads available per year Alma Bank 12% 100,000 Bingo Bank 8% 600,000 Com Bank 15% 80,000

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Which of the following

statements would NOT

increase the motivation of

sellers handling leads from

Bingo Bank?

1.  Work with Bingo Bank to

increase the quality of the

leads purchased from

them by PayCo

2.  Group sellers handling

different banks in a single

team and randomise the

distribution of leads

between them

3.  Keep sellers in different

teams but rotate lead

sources between them

4.  Increase bonuses to $200

per sale for all sellers

Question x / 23

Sellers incentives

Sellers’ compensation

Day to day

The sellers’ base salary starts at $40k and increases by about 5% per year for each additional year they stay with the company.

In addition, sellers can receive $100 for each sale they make.

The Head of Sales has noticed that sellers for Bingo Bank are much less motivated than their peers on average. After investigating, his initial conclusion is that they have been consistently making less sales and getting lower bonuses than their peers.

PayCo’s sellers work from 9am to 5pm from Monday to Friday 47 weeks a year. Sellers are divided into three teams. Each team deals with one of the following lead sources: Alma Bank, Bingo Bank and Com Bank.

Every day, sellers receive a list of 85 leads from their respective bank and work through the list during the day.

The list of leads they get are newly setup businesses which are likely to require debit and credit card payment processing services.

Sellers simply cold-call the leads and try to convince them to sign up for PayCo services.

(13)

BCG Potential Test – PayCo

Question 10

Which of the following

measures would best help the

company to fully prevent

sellers from agreeing

unprofitable prices with future

customers?

1.  Train sellers to negotiate

better prices with leads

2.  Fine sellers when they

give unprofitable prices

3.  Incentivise sellers to sell

at higher prices with a

different bonus system

4.  Set up an audit team that

would check prices and

validate contracts before

they count towards

sellers’ total sales

Question x / 23

Incentive structure

Pricing

Current issue

When selling PayCo’s services, sellers negotiate a share of their customers’ future revenue.

For debit cards, they usually agree a price of about 15 cents per future transaction processed for the client. For instance, if PayCo processes a debit card transaction for a sandwich at $5, they will receive 15 cents from the sandwich shop in

exchange for their service.

For credit cards, the price agreed is a percentage of the transaction instead of a fixed fee. This percentage is usually around 1.5%.

Lately, sellers have been found to sell PayCo’s services at increasingly less profitable prices.

Sellers are currently only incentivised based on the number of customers they manage to sell to.

The head of finance of the group has noticed that the prices at which sellers agreed to provide PayCo’s services have decreased in the past few months. The head of sales suspects that this might be due to sellers selling at

increasingly lower prices to increase their bonus.

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Question 1

Question 2

Correct answer: 2

The ticket price can be calculated as follows:

1.  Calculate the number of respondents for the €150

price segment: 5,000 - 1,100 - 500 - 1,500 = 1,900

2.  Calculate the weighted average by multiplying the

prices by the number of people per price segment

and then dividing by 5,000: (500 x 50 + 1,500 x

100 + 1,900 x 150 + 1,100 x 200) / 5,000 = €136

Answer 2 is therefore the correct answer.

Correct answer: 1

You are asked to determine which of the two

scenarios maximises gross profit. The gross profit for

each scenario can be calculated as follows:

Scenario A:

-  Revenues from tickets: €100 x 200 = €20,000

-  Revenues from duty free: (50% x €5 + 30% x €10 +

20% x €15) x 200 = €1,700

-  Gross profit per day: (Total Revenues – Cost per

Flight) x Number of Flights per Day = (€20,000 +

€1,700 – €15,000) x 30 = €201,000

Scenario B:

-  Revenues from tickets: €150 x 150 = €22,500

-  Revenues from duty free: (30% x €5 + 30% x €10 +

40% x €15) x 150 = €1,575

-  Gross profit per day: (Total Revenues – Cost per

Flight) x Number of Flights per Day = €22,500 +

€1,575 – €15,000) x 20 = €181,500

Scenario A maximises gross profit per day. Therefore,

answer 1 (€100) is the correct answer.

(15)

Answer key

Question 3

Question 4

Correct answer: 4

Ticket prices will affect revenues for each scenario

and will therefore affect the gross profit difference

between them.

Fuel costs will affect the cost of the flight, and since

the number of flights is different for each scenario, this

will affect the gross profit difference as well.

The total number of seats per aircraft could affect the

gross profit difference. For example, if it was 300 then

the number of passengers per flight and the number

of flights per day for scenario A might increase.

Therefore, all of the factors listed could affect the

difference in gross profit. Notice that you are asked to

identify which factors would NOT affect the difference

in gross profit, hence answer 4 is correct.

Correct answer: 1

There are 60 different types of tickets with an average

of 2,000 points each. The total number of points from

all types of tickets is therefore 60 x 2,000 = 120,000.

In order to find the maximum number of points that

could be earned with a single type of ticket, the points

of all the other types of tickets need to be minimised.

None of the tickets have less than 500 points and

exactly 15 have less than 1,200 points. At a minimum,

we can have 15 tickets with 500 points. This leaves

44 tickets (60-15-1) with more than 1,200 points.

In order to maximise the points of one ticket the

remaining 44 should carry 1,200 points each.

Therefore, out of the 120,000 points, there are

120,000 – (15 x 500) – (44 x 1,200) = 59,700 points

for the remaining ticket.

(16)

Question 5

Question 6

Correct answer: 1

The expected revenues can be calculated as follows:

1.  Calculate the number of passengers per category

1y + 3y + 8y = 240 => 12y = 240 => y = 20:

First class passengers: 20

Business class passengers: 60

Economy class passengers: 160

2. Calculate the revenues from tickets: 20 x €700 + 60

x €300 + 160 x €150 = €56,000

3. Calculate the revenues from Wi-Fi purchases: 5% x

160 x €2 x 3 = €48

Therefore total revenues are €56,048.

A faster way to obtain the correct answer is to

calculate the revenues from Wi-Fi first (€48). You

should then notice that ticket revenues can only

contribute towards the tens of the hundreds in the

result.

The right answer will therefore finish by 8. By doing

this, all answers can be eliminated except number 1.

Correct answer: 1

This calculation can be broken down into two steps:

1.  Calculate cost per lead

2.  Calculate cost per sale

The cost per lead needs to be calculated across all

three banks, taking into account their total share of

mix: $5 x 30% + $3 x 60% + $6 x 10% = $3.9 / lead

The cost per sale can be calculated by dividing the

cost per lead by the conversion rate: $3.9 / 10% =

$39.0.

(17)

Answer key

Question 7

Question 8

Correct answer: 2

In order to maximise its conversion rate, PayCo

needs to rank lead sources from the highest to the

lowest conversion rates. It should then use as many

leads from the first source before considering the

second one:

1.  Com bank 15%; 80,000 leads available

2.  Alma bank 12%; 100,000 leads available

3.  Bingo bank 8%; 600,000 leads available

PayCo needs 300,000 leads per year to meet its

target sales. To maximise the conversion rate, the

lead mix should then be:

1.  Com bank: 80,000

2.  Alma bank: 100,000

3.  Bingo bank: 120,000

The maximum conversion rate achievable is then:

(15% x 80,000 + 12% x 100,000 + 8% x 120,000) /

300,000 = 11.2%

The correct answer is therefore answer 2.

Correct answer: 2

Sufficient information is provided to calculate the cost

of sale for each lead source:

1.  Alma bank: $5 per lead with a 12% conversion

2.  Bingo bank: $3 per lead with a 8% conversion

3.  Com bank: $6 per lead with a 15% conversion

For each bank, the cost per sale can be calculated by

dividing the cost per lead by the conversion rate:

1.  Alma bank: $5 / 12% = $41.7

2.  Bingo bank: $3 / 8% = $37.5

3.  Com bank: $6 / 15% = $40.0

Bingo bank has got the lowest cost per sale. In

addition, it can provide 600,000 leads per year which

is sufficient to cover PayCo’s needs of 300,000.

The correct answer is therefore answer 2.

(18)

Question 9

Question 10

Correct answer: 4

The head of sales’ initial conclusion is that sellers

handling Bingo Bank leads “have been consistently

making less sales and getting lower bonuses than

their peers”.

Indeed, the conversion rate for leads from Bingo Bank

is lower than that of other banks. The comment

implies that, to increase sellers’ satisfaction, their

bonus would need to be similar relative to their peers.

However, if bonuses increase to $200 per sale for all

sellers, the relative bonus obtained by sellers focused

on Bingo Bank will not increase.

Answer 4 would therefore not help solve the problem

and is the correct answer.

Correct answer: 4

Answers 1 to 3 would all help decrease sellers’

tendency to sell at unprofitable prices. However, none

of them would completely stop the trend:

1.  Training sellers to give better prices could still

result in sellers giving unprofitable prices in

practice.

2.  Giving a fine to sellers, while a good incentive, is

not guaranteed to fully stop the trend.

3.  Similarly, setting up a better incentives scheme is

also not guaranteed to halt the trend.

Answer 4 is the correct answer because it fully

prevents sellers from selling at unprofitable prices via

an external audit team.

References

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