PLM300 Plant Maintenance C

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PLM300

Plant Maintenance

mySAP Product Lifecycle Management

Date Training Center Instructors Education Website

Participant Handbook

Course Version: 2003 Q2 Course Duration: 5 Day(s) Material Number: 50066011

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About this Handbook

This handbook is intended to complement the instructor-led presentation of this course, and serve as a source of reference. It is not suitable for self-study.

Typographic Conventions

The following typographic conventions are used in this guide.

Type Style Description

Example text Words or characters that appear on the screen. These include field names, screen titles,

pushbuttons as well as menu names, paths, and options.

Also used for cross-references to other documentation both internal (in this

documentation) and external (in other locations, such as SAPNet).

Example text Emphasized words or phrases in body text, titles of graphics, and tables

EXAMPLE TEXT Names of elements in the system. These include report names, program names, transaction codes, table names, and individual key words of a

programming language, when surrounded by body text, for example SELECT and INCLUDE.

Example text Screen output. This includes file and directory names and their paths, messages, names of variables and parameters, and passages of the source text of a program.

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Type Style Description

Example text Exact user entry. These are words and characters

that you enter in the system exactly as they appear in the documentation.

<Example text> Variable user entry. Pointed brackets indicate

that you replace these words and characters with appropriate entries.

Icons in Body Text

The following icons are used in this handbook.

Icon Meaning

For more information, tips, or background Note or further explanation of previous point Exception or caution

Procedures

Indicates that the item is displayed in the instructor’s presentation.

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Unit 7: Preventive Maintenance ...311

Preventive Maintenance Process...312

Preventive Maintenance Task Lists...316

Preventive Maintenance Planning ...322

Scheduling Maintenance Plans ...344

Unit 8: Project-Oriented Maintenance ...361

Project-Oriented Maintenance Process...362

Unit 9: Work Clearance Management ...373

Explaining Work Clearance Management ...374

Unit 10: Reports and Analysis...383

Maintenance History ...384

Evaluations based on Logistics Information System ...389

Evaluations based on Business Information Warehouse...400

Appendix 1: Plant Maintenance: Solution Manager, Technology, and Transaction Codes ...409

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Course Overview

This course will enable you to obtain an overview of Plant Maintenance and recognize the important business processes in it. It also enables you to perform analyses and evaluations and understand the integration of Plant Maintenance with other SAP applications.

Target Audience

This course is intended for the following audiences: • Project team managers

• Employees from the project team involved in modeling the business processes in Plant Maintenance

• Decision-makers responsible for selecting EDP-supported maintenance systems

Course Prerequisites

Required Knowledge

• Basic knowledge and experience of the business processes in Plant Maintenance

Recommended Knowledge • SAP01 - mySAP.com Overview

• SAPPLM - Overview of the mySAP PLM Solution

Course Goals

This course will prepare you to:

• Obtain an overview of Plant Maintenance

• Recognize the most important business processes in Plant Maintenance • Perform analyses and evaluations

• Understand the integration of Plant Maintenance with other SAP applications

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Course Objectives

After completing this course, you will be able to:

• Apply the various business processes of Plant Maintenance effectively • Identify Plant Maintenance as an integral part of Product Lifecycle

Management

SAP Software Component Information

The information in this course pertains to the following SAP Software Components and releases:

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Unit 1

SAP Enterprise Navigation

Unit Overview

At the end of this unit, you will be able to identify the elements of a standard window and navigate an SAP R/3 Enterprise. You will also be able to use basic help functions and personalize your user settings.

Unit Objectives

After completing this unit, you will be able to:

• Identify the steps to log on to an SAP R/3 Enterprise • Identify the interface elements of an SAP R/3 Enterprise • Identify the Help menu

• Access the SAP Library

• Identify the different methods of personalizing an SAP R/3 Enterprise

Unit Contents

Lesson: SAP R/3 Interface ... 2

Lesson: Using Help... 10

Exercise 1: Using SAP R/3 Enterprise ... 13

Lesson: Personalizing User Settings ... 18

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Lesson: SAP R/3 Interface

Lesson Overview

This lesson will help you to log on to an SAP R/3 Enterprise. You will also be able to identify the interface elements of an SAP R/3 Enterprise.

Lesson Objectives

After completing this lesson, you will be able to:

• Identify the steps to log on to an SAP R/3 Enterprise • Identify the interface elements of an SAP R/3 Enterprise

Business Example

An automobile company has implemented SAP R/3 Enterprise. The users are new and need to familiarize themselves with the system screens and its interface elements.

Logging onto an SAP R/3 Enterprise

Figure 1: Logging Onto The System

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that you selected when you logged on. In organizational terms, a client is an independent unit in the system. A Client has its own data environment that includes the user master and transaction data, assigned user master records, and chart of accounts. In addition, each client has specific customizing parameters.

The SAP Business Information Warehouse (BW) and SAP Knowledge

Warehouse (KW) components are, however, exceptions to this as only a single client can be used.

To log onto an SAP R/3 Enterprise, you must have a user master record created for you for the corresponding client. You must enter a password when you log onto the SAP R/3 Enterprise for access protection. The system does not display the password that you enter.

SAP R/3 Enterprise are available in several languages. You can use the

Language input field to select the logon language for each session.

Multiple logons are possible in SAP R/3 Enterprise starting from the Release 4.6. This is for security as well as licensing reasons. A warning message appears if the same user attempts to log on two or more than two times. This message offers the user three options:

• Continue with this logon and end any other logons in the system.

• Continue with this logon, without ending any other logons in the system (this will be logged in the system).

• Terminate this logon.

You can place your own text on the initial screen in a number of ways. For more information, see SAP Note 205487.

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Figure 2: SAP Easy Access

After you logon to the SAP R/3 Enterprise, the standard entry screen called

SAP Easy Access is displayed. You navigate through the system using a tree

structure.

You can include an image, such as your company logo on the right-hand side of the SAP Easy Access screen. This image can only be entered

system-wide and is a cross-client setting. Assuming you have the appropriate authorization, you can find a detailed description of the necessary settings by choosing Extras → Administration Information. It is important to note that this image is stored in the system and transported to the SAP front end every time it is called by SAP Easy Access. Although this transfer is compressed, the image for the initial screen should not exceed 20 KB. You can prevent this image being called either by using the setting Low Speed Connection in the SAP Logon program (see SAP Note 161053) or by deactivating the calling of the image by choosing Extras → Settings

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SAP Enterprise Menu

Figure 3: Role-Based User Menu

A role describes suitably defined number of activities in the system. These activities represent a range of functions that the users need for work. In order to enable its users to work with user-specific or position-related menus, user

roles need to be set. User roles can be set using Profile Generator of the SAP

R/3 Enterprise. The authorization for the activities listed in the menu options are also assigned to the users on the basis of their roles. Predefined user roles from all application areas are included in the standard system. Users who have been assigned a user role can choose between the user menu and the SAP standard menu. You can find the roles that are supplied in a standard SAP R/3 Enterprise by choosing Other menu on the SAP Easy Access initial screen. Every user can personalize the initial screen using Favorites. You can create your own Favorites list containing the transactions, reports, files, and Web addresses that you use most often.

You can add favorites either by choosing Favorites or by using the mouse to “drag and drop” items into the Favorites directory.

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Interface Elements

Figure 4: Elements of the Screen Layout

The elements of an SAP R/3 Enterprise screen layout are:

Command field: The command field, which is hidden by default, helps you

access the applications directly by entering the transaction code. You can find the transaction code for an application in the SAP Easy Access menu or in the appropriate application by choosing System → Status.

Standard toolbar: The pushbuttons in the standard toolbar are found on

every screen in an SAP R/3 Enterprise. Any pushbuttons that cannot be used in a particular application are grayed out. If you place your cursor on a pushbutton for some time, the system displays a quick information text explaining the functions of that pushbutton. The appropriate function key setting is also displayed here.

Application toolbar: The application toolbar displays the functions available

in the current application.

Checkboxes: The checkboxes enable you to choose several options

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Tab page: The tab page provides a clear overview of several information

screens.

Status bar: The status bar displayes information on the current system status,

such as warning or error messages. Other elements of the screen are:

Menu bar: The menus displayed on the screen depend on the application you

are working on. These menus contain cascading menu options.

Title bar: The title bar displays the functions that are available for the user.

Figure 5: Selecting Functions

You can call functions in the system in the following ways:

By using the mouse. You can use the mouse to access the functions in the system through:

• Menu option • Favorites

• Entry in the SAP Easy Access menu

By using the keyboard (Alt + the underlined letter in the appropriate menu option)

By entering a transaction code in the command field: A transaction code is assigned to each function but not every screen in SAP R/3 Enterprise. You

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For example, to display the customer master data, enter /n and then enter the appropriate transaction code - /nsu3. You can determine the transaction code by choosing System → Status. Additional input options include:

• “/n” ends the current transaction • “/i” deletes the current session

• “/osm04” opens a new session and branches to the transaction specified (SM04).

The command field can also be called using keyboard commands. To do this, use the keyboard combinations Strg+Tab. The cursor moves from the current input field to the next input field. You can use Tab to move within an input field group.

By entering “search_sap_menu” in the command field, you can display menu paths for the desired SAP transactions. You can also search for text strings.

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Lesson Summary

You should now be able to:

• Identify the steps to log on to an SAP R/3 Enterprise • Identify the interface elements of an SAP R/3 Enterprise

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Lesson: Using Help

Lesson Overview

This lesson will help you identify the Help menu of an SAP R/3 Enterprise. You will also learn how to access the SAP Library.

Lesson Objectives

After completing this lesson, you will be able to: • Identify the Help menu

Business Example

An automobile company has implemented SAP R/3 Enterprise. The users are familiar with the screens and interface elements. However, they get stuck while accessing the enterprise at times. To resolve the queries about Enterprise usage, they need to access online help and the SAP Library.

Help Menu

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SAP R/3 Enterprise provides comprehensive online help. You can display the help from every screen in the system by choosing the menu option Help. Alternatively, you can also use the yellow question mark icon displayed on the screen to display the help documentation.

The Help menu consists of the following menu options: • Application Help, which is context-sensitive • SAP Library

• Glossary

Figure 7: Field Help: F1 and F4

You can use F1 to display an explanation of the fields, menus, functions, and messages. F1 Help also provides technical information on the relevant field. This also includes, the parameter Ids, which you can use to assign values for your user to input fields for reference to the parameter IDs.

You can use F4 to display possible input values. F4 can also be accessed for a selected field by using the button displayed on the right-hand side of that field. If input fields are marked with a checkmark icon, then you can only continue in that application by entering a permitted value. You can identify many fields in an application as either required entry fields or optional entry fields

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SAP Library

Figure 8: SAP Library

SAP Library enables you to access help documentation in HTML format and perform efficient full-text searches. You can access the SAP Library quickly and comfortably by using the SAP Service Marketplace. In SAP Service Marketplace, you can access the SAP Help Portal in the Knowledge and Training section.

You can also take advantage of these options within your own company if the SAP Library is installed on your systems.

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Exercise 1: Using SAP R/3 Enterprise

Exercise Objectives

After completing this exercise, you will be able to: • Log onto an SAP R/3 Enterprise

• Find transaction codes • Access the SAP Library

• Use F1 Help to find field information

• Use F4 Help to search for possible field entries

Business Example

Any new user of an SAP R/3 Enterprise can navigate through the system using this functionality. The user can also access the various types of online help and can carry out commands with which he might not be familiar. The user can navigate through the SAP R/3 Enterprise using menu paths and transaction codes.

Task 1

Logging on to the system

1. Select the appropriate system for this training course. Use the client, user name, initial password and logon language specified by the instructor. When logging on for the first time, a window appears in which you must enter your new password twice. Make a note of the following:

Client:______ User:__________ Password:__________ Language:______

Task 2

1. What is the maximum number of sessions (windows in the SAP R/3 Enterprise) you can have open simultaneously? Number:__

Task 3

1. Identify the functions and find the transaction codes that correspond to the following menu paths in the SAP standard menu.

Tools→Administration→Monitor→ System Monitoring→User Overview Name of function: ___________________________________________Transaction:

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Task 4

Using Help

1. If you choose Application help in the SAP Easy Access initial screen (Help menu), which area of the SAP Library does it take you to? 2. Use the system menu or transaction code SU3 to call the user data

maintenance function. Call F1 Help for various different input fields. Use Technical Information to find the parameter ID for the field Logon Language.

Display F4 Help for the field Logon Language. What is the language code for Ukranian?

3. Display the transaction code for the transaction you are currently in, in the status bar.

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Solution 1: Using SAP R/3 Enterprise

Task 1

Logging on to the system

1. Select the appropriate system for this training course. Use the client, user name, initial password and logon language specified by the instructor. When logging on for the first time, a window appears in which you must enter your new password twice. Make a note of the following:

Client:______ User:__________ Password:__________ Language:______ a) Log on to the system indicated by the instructor and change your

password.

Task 2

1. What is the maximum number of sessions (windows in the SAP R/3 Enterprise) you can have open simultaneously? Number:__

a) To open and close sessions, choose

System→ Create session (or use the appropriate pushbutton) and System→Delete session. The maximum number of sessions you can

have open simultaneously is six, depending on your system settings.

Task 3

1. Identify the functions and find the transaction codes that correspond to the following menu paths in the SAP standard menu.

Tools→Administration→Monitor→ System Monitoring→User Overview Name of function: ___________________________________________Transaction:

_________________________________________________

a) To find the transaction code, choose System→Status These function names and transaction codes correspond to the menu paths:SM04 for function User list

Task 4

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1. If you choose Application help in the SAP Easy Access initial screen (Help menu), which area of the SAP Library does it take you to? a) The unit Getting Started is displayed, detailing the information

required when using SAP Easy Access.

2. Use the system menu or transaction code SU3 to call the user data maintenance function. Call F1 Help for various different input fields. Use Technical Information to find the parameter ID for the field Logon Language.

Display F4 Help for the field Logon Language. What is the language code for Ukranian?

a) The Logon language field is found on the Fixed values tab page. Use F1 Help and select Technical info to see the parameter ID for this field in string SPR.

Proceed as detailed in the exercise. The language code for Ukrainian is UK.

3. Display the transaction code for the transaction you are currently in, in the status bar.

a) In the status bar, use the pushbutton to select the display option you require and choose Transaction. For each of the transactions you call, the appropriate transaction code is displayed in the status bar for the session.

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Lesson Summary

You should now be able to: • Identify the Help menu • Access the SAP Library

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Lesson: Personalizing User Settings

Lesson Overview

This lesson will help you identify the different ways in which you can personalize an SAP R/3 Enterprise.

Lesson Objectives

• Identify the different methods of personalizing an SAP R/3 Enterprise

Business Example

In an automobile company, the SAP R/3 Enterprise users are familiar with the screens and interface elements. They can use online help and SAP library. They now need to personalize the user settings on the system for their convenience.

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The end user has many possibilities for personalizing the system. Some of these are:

You can alter the layout of your initial screen by selecting Extras → Settings. For example, by switching off the image in the right-hand part of the window, you can display the technical names (transaction codes) in the SAP Easy Access menu.

You can activate the Quick Cut and Paste function under Customizing of local

layout. Under Options, you can influence the reaction time of the quick

information that is displayed when you move your mouse over an icon or pushbutton.

You can define your personal default values by selecting System → User

profile → Own data. When doing so, you can choose between the tab pages, Address Defaults and Parameters. As an example, the setting of Parameters is

explained here:

Parameters: Here you can set defaults for frequently used input fields. In order to be able to set a default value for a field, it must have been assigned a parameter ID first.

Procedure for finding the parameter ID: Go to the field for which you wish

to set a default value. Select F1 Help and then choose Technical Info. The system displays an information window that contains the relevant parameter ID under the heading Field Data (as long as the field has been assigned a parameter ID.)

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Exercise 2: Customizing User Settings

Exercise Objectives

After completing this exercise, you will be able to: • Set a user parameter for a field

• Set user defaults

• Maintain your favorites

• Select a start transaction of your choice

Business Example

Any person working on SAP Enterprise can customize the system settings as per his requirements using this functionality. He can personalize the settings to make it more convenient for himself.

Task 1

Define user-specific settings using System →User Profile → Own Data. 1. Set your logon language to the value used for this course. 2. Set the decimal notation and date format of your choice.

Task 2

Defining your favorites:

1. Insert at least one new folder under the Favorites folder.

2. Add any two of your favorite transactions to the corresponding folders. 3. Add the Internet address http://www.sap.com with the text “SAP

Homepage.”

Task 3

Setting a start transaction using the Extras menu.

1. Enter a transaction of your choice as the initial transaction. You will then need to log off and on again for the change to take effect.

Note: If desired, you can change the initial transaction back to

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Solution 2: Customizing User Settings

Task 1

Define user-specific settings using System →User Profile → Own Data. 1. Set your logon language to the value used for this course.

a) To define the logon language, go to the user settings (System →

User profile → Own data) and go to tab page Fixed values. Enter the

language of your choice.

2. Set the decimal notation and date format of your choice. a) See above

Task 2

Defining your favorites:

1. Insert at least one new folder under the Favorites folder.

a) To add favorites to your favorites list, create a folder: Favorites

list → Create folder. Enter a name for the folder. You can create as

many folders as you require. You can move folders using the drag and drop function.

2. Add any two of your favorite transactions to the corresponding folders. a) To create favorites, select specific applications (transactions) in the

menu tree of the standard menu, that are your favorites (those applications that you use daily). By selecting an application and then choosing, Favorites list → Create favorites, you can add entries to your favorites lists. You can move favorites into folders later by choosing Favorites → Move. You can move folders using the drag and drop function.

3. Add the Internet address http://www.sap.com with the text “SAP Homepage.”

a) Add Internet addresses by selecting Favorites → Add other objects.

Task 3

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1. Enter a transaction of your choice as the initial transaction. You will then need to log off and on again for the change to take effect.

Note: If desired, you can change the initial transaction back to

the default value simply by deleting the transaction code that you entered.

a) Choose Extras → Set start transaction.

Enter the transaction you require and choose Enter. Notice the system message on the status bar indicating that your selected transaction has been set as the start transaction.

Note: To change back to the SAP Easy Access as the initial

screen, follow the menu path again, delete the transaction code and select Enter. The next time you log on, SAP Easy

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Lesson Summary

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Unit Summary

• Identify the steps to log on to an SAP R/3 Enterprise • Identify the interface elements of an SAP R/3 Enterprise • Identify the Help menu

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Test Your Knowledge

1. Currently, you do not have access to the SAP R/3 Enterprise of your company. In order to log onto the Enterprise, you need to get a user master record created for yourself.

Determine whether this statement is true or false. True

False

2. As a system administrator, you have been asked to display the screen logo on the SAP Easy Access screen of the Enterprise. You can find the detailed description of the necessary settings by choosing Extras →

Administration Information.

False

3. You are logged onto the SAP R/3 Enterprise. Application Help can be used at all times of your session to display information about the significant interface elements.

False

4. You are a new user to an SAP R/3 Enterprise and access it over the internet. Your employer has asked you to collect some information about various SAP components. The easiest and the fastest way to search for information related to SAP components is by using

SAP Library SAP Library.

Fill in the blanks to complete the sentence.

5. System → User Profile → Own data can be used to define default values.

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Answers

1. Currently, you do not have access to the SAP R/3 Enterprise of your company. In order to log onto the Enterprise, you need to get a user master record created for yourself.

Answer: True

For logging onto an SAP R/3 Enterprise, you need to get a user master record created for yourself for the corresponding client.

2. As a system administrator, you have been asked to display the screen logo on the SAP Easy Access screen of the Enterprise. You can find the detailed description of the necessary settings by choosing Extras →

Administration Information.

Answer: True

You can find the detailed description of the necessary settings for displaying your company logo on the SAP Easy Access from the following menu path: Extras → Administration Information.

3. You are logged onto the SAP R/3 Enterprise. Application Help can be used at all times of your session to display information about the significant interface elements.

Answer: True

Application Help for an SAP R/3 Enterprise is context-sensitive. 4. You are a new user to an SAP R/3 Enterprise and access it over the

internet. Your employer has asked you to collect some information about various SAP components. The easiest and the fastest way to search for information related to SAP components is by using SAP Library.

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5. System → User Profile → Own data can be used to define default values.

Answer: True

One of the possibilities of personalizing settings for your system is by choosing the System → User Profile → Own data menu path. This path enables you to define personal default values.

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Unit 2

Plant Maintenance Organization

Unit Overview

In this unit, you will be able to list the different types of maintenance performed. This unit will enable you to describe the range of solutions in which the Plant Maintenance component is incorporated. Finally, you will be able to list the organizational units relevant to Plant Maintenance from an SAP Enterprise

Unit Objectives

After completing this unit, you will be able to:

• Identify the various activities performed in a Plant Maintenance process • Identify Product Lifecycle Management and Asset Lifecycle Management

with respect to Plant Maintenance

• List the organizational levels in a Plant Maintenance component • Define the various organizational units in a Plant and Cross-plant

Maintenance system

• Define maintenance work centers and their role and functions in Plant Maintenance

• Identify the activities and settings for the implementation of application components using the Implementation Guide (IMG)

• Identify the various methods of connecting to an SAP R/3 Enterprise

Unit Contents

Lesson: Overview of Plant Maintenance System... 32 Lesson: Organizational Structure in Plant Maintenance System ... 39

Exercise 3: Understanding Organizational Structures in Plant

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Lesson: Overview of Plant Maintenance System

Lesson Overview

In this lesson, you will get an overview of the Plant Maintenance process. You will also be able to identify the various tasks used to maintain a technical system. In addition, you will get a brief overview of the Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) and Asset Lifecycle Management (ALM).

Finally, you will be able to identify a range of solutions offered by SAP.

Lesson Objectives

Business Example

A company wants to implement a SAP process that will enable its users to repair and inspect technical objects, and perform preventive maintenance. The Plant Maintenance process of SAP enables its users to perform such activities.

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Plant Maintenance Process

Figure 10: Types of Maintenance

Maintenance of a technical system comprises of the following tasks: • Inspection: To determine the actual condition.

• Maintenance: To maintain the target condition. • Repair: To restore the target condition.

The maintenance organizations usually perform other technical activities, which do not belong to Plant Maintenance, but should be performed using the same tools of maintenance order, planning, and processing. These activities include:

• Modification or construction • Cleaning

• Revisions

• Tool assembly and erection of fixtures • Production assistance

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Figure 11: Plant Maintenance Process Overview

Overview of Product Lifecycle Management

Figure 12: Range of Solutions Offered by SAP

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A solution contains a combination of application and basis components selected in line with a specific business aim.

Figure 13: Product Lifecycle Management (PLM)

Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) views the lifespan of a product from a manufacturers’ perspective.

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Figure 14: Asset Lifecycle Management

Asset Lifecycle Management views the lifespan of a product from the

perspective of the company operating it as a technical system to be maintained. Plant Maintenance (PM) and Customer Service (CS) are integral components of Asset Lifecycle Management.

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The component, SAP PM Plant Maintenance, as part of Product Lifecycle Management has manifold integration aspects. Information on the integration aspects can be found in the following courses:

• Materials Management • Controlling

• Financial Accounting - In this course, relevant information can be found in:

• Asset Accounting in Course PLM305

• Production and HR System in Course PLM315

• Investment and Project Management in Course PLM316 • Real Estate Management in Course AC290

• Funds Management in Course IPS910

• Joint Venture is part of the Industry Solution IS-Oil and must be installed separately. Integration with the standard system is planned. You can find information about these components in SAPNet.

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Lesson Summary

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Lesson: Organizational Structure in Plant Maintenance

System

Lesson Overview

In this lesson, you will be able to list the various organizational levels and units in a Plant Maintenance system. You will also be able to identify the role of maintenance work centers and their functions in Plant Maintenance. Finally, you will be able to identify the activities and settings required for implementing an application component using the Implementation Guide (IMG).

Lesson Objectives

Maintenance system

Business Example

A company has implemented the SAP Plant Maintenance component. The company wants to decide on centralization or decentralization of its activities. The Plant Maintenance component of SAP R/3 Enterprise enables its users to identify organizational levels and units that enable such decisions.

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Organizational Levels

Figure 16: Organizational levels

Step 1: The Plant Maintenance (PM) component is often only installed after other components, such as Financial Accounting, Controlling, Materials Management, and so on. This means that the company structure is, to a large extent, already defined in the system. Now the existing structure must be analyzed from a plant maintenance perspective and extended to include the maintenance-specific parts. If the Plant Maintenance (PM) component is the first SAP component installed, a structure that works for all the remaining areas of the company should be defined in the system.

Step 2: After an in-depth analysis, the organizational units relevant for Plant Maintenance are defined in the system: Maintenance plants. These units usually exist as logistical plants, and maintenance planning plants, planning plants for short, are defined in the company structure.

Step 3: This is where the maintenance planner groups are assigned to planning plants and maintenance work centers are assigned to maintenance plants.

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Organizational Units

Figure 17: Organizational Structures in Plant Maintenance

The organizational structure in Maintenance Plants is as follows: The client is the highest-level element of all the organizational units. It corresponds, for example, to a corporate group with several subsidiaries. Within a client, the system always accesses the same database. The

subsidiaries with their own financial statements and balance sheets are defined as company codes. Within Logistics, the plant is one of the most important organizational units. It usually represents a production unit of a company. The plant at which the operational systems of a company are installed is called the maintenance plant. If the maintenance work is planned at this plant, the maintenance plant is also the maintenance planning plant, planning plant for short. Locations subdivide a maintenance plant according to locational criteria, for example, site, building, coordinates. A maintenance plant can also be subdivided into plant sections based on responsibility for production. The person responsible for the plant section is the contact person who coordinates production and maintenance, who is often the plant engineer.

The units of capacity in Plant Maintenance are managed as maintenance work centers, which are assigned to the respective maintenance plant as workshops.

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A maintenance planning plant is the organizational unit in which maintenance requirements are planned. These requirements can either come from your own plant or from another maintenance plant assigned to this maintenance planning plant. The planners within a maintenance planning plant are defined by maintenance planner groups.

Figure 18: Cross-Plant Maintenance

Plant-specific planning: Maintenance plant = planning plant. In most

organizational structures, the maintenance requirement is planned in the same plant where it occurs, the maintenance orders are executed by workshops from the same plant, and the spare parts are stored in the same plant, such as plant 1000.

Cross-plant planning: Multiple maintenance plants are assigned to a planning plant. In one plant, such as plant 1200, there is a need for maintenance, as a technical system there requires maintenance (= maintenance plant). All further functions, such as maintenance planning, order execution, spare parts storage, are, however, the responsibility of another plant.

Other constellations are also conceivable: The planning of a plant’s

requirements, such as plant 1300, as well as the spare parts procurement take place in another plant, such as plant 1000. However, the tasks are performed by workshops available locally.

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Work Centers

Figure 19: Maintenance Work Centers

A work center is an organizational unit within an operational system. A work center can be one of the following:

• Machine

• Group of machines • Person

• Group of people

In Plant Maintenance, work centers are used as:

- Main work center in the master record for the equipment or functional location.

- Main work center in a maintenance item. - Main work center in the task list header.

- Performing work center in the operations for a task list. - Main work center in the order header.

- Performing work center in the operations for an order.

Work centers belong to the master data and provide the capacity required to perform a task.

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Figure 20: Work Centers: Contents

The basic data contains general data such as work center category, description, manager and the usage.

Work center links provide the connection between work centers and other objects within the SAP Enterprise. You can link a work center with the following objects:

- A cost center - Qualifications - Positions - People

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Figure 21: Work Center: Main Functions

The Work Center has several functions as follows:

Costing: You can use costing to determine the costs of an internal activity by a product unit. Its goal is to assign to the various cost objects the costs that were incurred by them. If the work center is used in an operation, the link to the cost center provides activity types for valuating the operation.

Scheduling: You can use scheduling to determine the dates when operations should be performed. For this, the time required for the operations must be calculated and compared with the time available in the work center. The standard values and quantities in the operations are used as the basis for this calculation. During scheduling, the start and end dates for the operations are calculated from this data using formulae that have been entered for scheduling in the work centers.

Capacity planning: In capacity planning, the capacity requirements for the operations in the orders are determined and compared with the available capacity defined in the work center. During capacity planning, you can use work center hierarchies to aggregate, at higher-level work centers, the available capacity and capacity requirements of lower-level work centers.

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The Implementation Guide in an SAP R/3 Enterprise

Figure 22: Implementation Guide (IMG)

The Implementation Guide contains all the activities and settings, Customizing activities, that are required to implement application components.

You can create Customizing projects in an SAP Enterprise and use them to structure and manage the implementation. You can create and save cross-project documentation.

You can create a separate IMG for each project.

On the basis of a project IMG, you can work on Customizing transactions, project documentation, cross-project documentation, and information on project management.

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Figure 23: Customizing – Customer-Specific Settings

The IMG represents a checklist for the Customizing activities that a company should perform when implementing an SAP R/3 Enterprise. The IMG is structured hierarchically.

The IMG structure and the tools for IMG management, for example, resource management and the interface to Microsoft Project, help the project team to work through the Customizing activities in a systematic order.

The scope of the reference IMG can be subdivided into different projects, which are then assigned to project IMGs. You can use the project IMG to process Customizing activities, project documentation, cross-project documentation, and relevant information on project management.

For better structuring, you can create views for the project IMGs. The views allow you to process project documentation, project-wide documentation, and relevant information on project information similar to the Project IMG Customizing transactions.

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Exercise 3: Understanding Organizational

Structures in Plant Maintenance

Exercise Objectives

After completing this exercise, you will be able to:

• Describe the content of the work center master record • List the organizational structures in Plant Maintenance

Business Example

An organization needs to frame a structure for Plant Maintenance so that it can centralize or decentralize its activity. The organization basically needs two entities, Maintenance plant and Planning plant, which are location based and planning based, respectively.

While implementing SAP Plant Maintenance at IDES, it must be clarified which organizational structures in Plant Maintenance should be represented, and how they fit into the existing structures for Logistics.

Task 1

Displaying Work Center Master Data

1. Display the work center T-ME## in plant 1000. Which menu path do you use?

Task 2

Right or Wrong

1. A maintenance plant can also be a maintenance planning plant.

2. A location such as building F-141 can only exist once within the company. 3. A maintenance planner group is assigned to a maintenance planning

plant.

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Solution 3: Understanding Organizational

Structures in Plant Maintenance

Task 1

Displaying Work Center Master Data

1. Display the work center T-ME## in plant 1000. Which menu path do you use?

a)

SAP menu → Logistics → Plant Maintenance → Maintenance Processing → Environment → Work Centers → Work Center → Display

Field name or data type Values

Person responsible for work

center 101

Task list usage 004

Task list types Maintenance task lists / Service plans

Operating time/capacity 7.20h/36.00h

Cost center 4300

Activity type, internal

processing 1410

Task 2

Right or Wrong

1. A maintenance plant can also be a maintenance planning plant. a) Right

2. A location such as building F-141 can only exist once within the company. a) Wrong (a location is related to a plant).

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3. A maintenance planner group is assigned to a maintenance planning plant.

a) Right

4. A maintenance plant is assigned to a maintenance planning plant. a) Right

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Lesson Summary

Maintenance system

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Lesson: Connecting to an SAP R/3 Enterprise

Lesson Overview

In this lesson, you will be able to identify the various methods used to connect to an SAP R/3 Enterprise.

Lesson Objectives

• Identify the various methods of connecting to an SAP R/3 Enterprise

Business Example

A company has implemented an SAP Plant Maintenance component. The users of this component need to identify the possible ways of connecting to the component.

Methods of Connecting to an SAP R/3 Enterprise

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SAP Graphical User Interface (SAP GUI) represents the traditional method of connecting up to a SAP R/3 Enterprise. The GUI is usually installed on the local work center and forms the graphical interface composed of the SAP Easy Access, standard tool bar, and so on.

Another option for connecting to an SAP R/3 Enterprise would be to use a portal. Portals are HTML-based and allow access to almost any system, also non-SAP R/3 Enterprise, through the intranet or the Internet.

The portals are the next generation of the Business Workplace, which is also HTML-based.

However, the portals distinguish themselves from the Workplace as SAP transactions are not translated 1:1 into HTML, but particular functions (for example, displaying a technical object) are made available in a much more simplified form known as Integrated Views (iViews).

This ensures that even occasional SAP users who do not have expert knowledge of the software can easily access certain functions.

The role concept supported in the SAP GUI and the Business Workplace is also used in the portals. A connection of the previously delivered single roles to the iViews is planned.

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The portals get their content though Business Packages, such as, Business Package Assets – Technical objects.

These are composed of a sequence of iViews. iViews are HTML screen areas in which data from certain SAP transactions is read. The sequence of iViews can be compiled flexibly to role- or function-specific screens, such as, portal for maintenance managers or maintenance engineers.

The iViews are connected amongst themselves by the eventing mechanism, that is, if a particular object is selected, all the dependent iViews are automatically filled with the relevant data.

This means that certain information can be displayed very easily without the user requiring extensive SAP know-how.

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Lesson Summary

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Unit Summary

Maintenance system

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Test Your Knowledge

1. Shutdown maintenance function can be addressed by

project-oriented project-orientedmaintenance in the Plant Maintenance module.

2. Asset Lifecycle Management views the lifespan of a product from a manufacturer’s perspective whereas Product Lifecycle Management views the lifespan of a product from the perspective of the company operating it.

False

3. A separate IMG can be created for each project. Determine whether this statement is true or false.

True False

4. In the third step of an organizational level, maintenance planner groups are assigned toplanning plants planning plants.

5. Plant Plantrepresents a production unit of a company. Fill in the blanks to complete the sentence.

6. Work center links provide the connection between work centers and other objects within an SAP Enterprise.

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7. Portals get their content through Business Packages, such as Business Package Assets.

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Answers

1. Shutdown maintenance function can be addressed by project-oriented maintenance in the Plant Maintenance module.

Answer: project-oriented

2. Asset Lifecycle Management views the lifespan of a product from a manufacturer’s perspective whereas Product Lifecycle Management views the lifespan of a product from the perspective of the company operating it.

Answer: False

Product Lifecycle Management views the lifespan of a product from a manufacturer’s perspective whereas Asset Lifecycle Management views the lifespan of a product from the perspective of the company operating it as a technical system to be maintained.

3. A separate IMG can be created for each project.

Answer: True

A separate IMG can be created for each project.

4. In the third step of an organizational level, maintenance planner groups are assigned to planning plants.

Answer: planning plants

5. Plant represents a production unit of a company.

Answer: Plant

6. Work center links provide the connection between work centers and other objects within an SAP Enterprise.

Answer: True

Work center links provide the connection between work centers and other objects within an SAP Enterprise.

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7. Portals get their content through Business Packages, such as Business Package Assets.

Answer: True

Portals get their content through Business Packages, such as Business Package Assets.

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Unit 3

Technical Objects

Unit Overview

In this unit, you will be able to identify the technical systems and buildings relevant to maintenance and need mapping in the system. You will also be able to understand the criteria of mapping, creating, and using functional locations in the system. In addition, you will be able to identify equipments and learn how to install or dismantle these. Finally, you will be able to identify Bill of Materials and their application in Plant Maintenance.

Unit Objectives

After completing this unit, you will be able to: • Define functional locations

• Create functional locations

• Identify functional location using structure indicator • Define equipment

• Identify how to install and dismantle equipment • Explain the advantages of usage list

• Identify the application of Bills of Material in Plant Maintenance

Unit Contents

Lesson: Functional Locations ... 64 Exercise 4: Using Functional Locations ... 71 Lesson: Equipment ... 77 Exercise 5: Creating Equipment... 83 Lesson: Bills of Material... 89 Exercise 6: Using Bills of Material... 93