Jay R.
Smith
Mfg. Co.
Engineer's Handbook of
Water Hammer Arresters
Stainless Steel Bellow Units and a
Generation of Innovative Piston Units
Featuring:
P.O. Box 3237
Montgomery,
AL 36109-0237
P: 334-277-8520
F: 334-272-7396
www.jrsmith.com
CUSTOMER DRIVENSMITH
®NEW
NEW
Page 1 ... Index
Page 2 ...Conversions and Equivalents
Page 3,4 ... Engineered Mechanical Water Hammer Arresters Technical Data
Page 5... Design, Construction and Operation Hydrotrols
Page 6,7 ... Sizing and Placement of Water Hammer Arresters
Page 8...Stainless Steel Bellows Type Water Hammer Arresters
Page 9 ...5005 to 5050 Hydrotrol Submittal
Page 10 ...5060 Hy-Duty Hydrotrol Submittal
Page 11 ...Piston Type Water Hammer Arresters
Page 12 ...520-T Series Piston Type Submittal
Page 13...520-SC Series Piston Type Submittal
Page 14 ...Fixture Unit Demand Charts
Page 15 ...Pipe Sizing Data for Copper Tubing-Smooth Pipe
Page 16...Pipe Sizing Data-Fairly Smooth Pipe
Page 17 ...Pipe Sizing Data-Fairly Rough Pipe
Page 18 ...Pipe Sizing Data-Rough Pipe
Page 19 ... Kinetic Energy Chart
Page 20 ... Questions and Answers
Table of Contents
JAY R.
SMITH
MFG. CO.
DIVISION OF SMITH INDUSTRIES, INC.
POST OFFICE BOX 3237
MONTGOMERY, ALABAMA 36109-0237 (USA) TEL: 334-277-8520 FAX: 334-272-7396 www.jrsmith.com CUSTOMER DRIVEN SMITH® MEMBER OF: ®
ASPE
® SANITARY EN GINEERING Pre ventio n Rather ThanC ureWEIGHT OF WATER
1 Cubic Inch = .0360 Pound
12 Cubic Inches = .433 Pound
1 Cubic Foot = 62.3 Pounds
1 Cubic Foot = 7.48 U.S. Gallons
1 U.S. Gallon = 8.33 Pounds
1 Imperial Gallon= 10.0 Pounds
TEMPERTURE
Celsius (Centigrade) X 9/5 ths, + 32
Fahrenheit -32 X 5/9 ths
TO METRIC
Known Multiply By To Obtain
LENGTH Inches 2.54 Centimeters Foot 30 Centimeters Yards 0.91 Meters Miles 1.6 Kilometers AREA Sq. Inches 6.5 Sq. Centimeters Sq. Feet 0.09 Sq. Meters Sq. Yards 0.8 Sq. Meters Sq. Miles 2.6 Sq. Kilometers Acres 0.4 Hectares MASS Ounces 28 Grams Pounds 0.45 Kilograms
Short Ton 0.9 Metric Ton
VOLUME
Pints 0.47 Liters
Quarts 0.95 Liters
Gallons 3.8 Liters
Cubic Feet 0.03 Cubic Meters
Cubic Yards 0.76 Cubic Meters
SQUARE MEASURE EQUIVALENTS
144 Square Inches = 1 Square Foot
9 Square Feet = 1 Square Yard
30.25 Square Yards = 1 Square Rod
160 Square Yards = 1 Acre
640 Acres = 1 Square Mile
CUBIC MEASURE EQUIVALENTS
1728 Cubic Inches = 1 Cubic Foot
27 Cubic Feet = 1 Cubic Yard
TO U.S. STANDARD
Known Multiply By To Obtain
LENGTH Millimeters 0.04 Inches Centimeters 0.4 Inches Meters 3.3 Feet Kilometers 0.62 Miles AREA Sq. Centimeters 0.16 Sq. Inches Sq. Meters 10.7638 Sq. Feet Sq. Meters 1.2 Sq. Yards Sq. Kilometers 0.4 Sq. Miles Hectares 2.47 Acres MASS Grams 0.035 Ounces Kilograms 2.2 Pounds
Metric Ton 1.1 Short Ton
VOLUME
Liters 2.1 Pints
Liters 1.06 Quarts
Liters 0.26 Gallons
Cubic Meters 35 Cubic Feet
Cubic Meters 1.3 Cubic Yards
CONVERSIONS AND EQUIVALENTS
2
Cu. Ft. Cu. Ft. U.S. Gallons U.S. Gallons U.S. Gallons Lb. H2O Lb. H2O
per sec. per min. per min. per hr. per 24 hr. per min. per hr.
1 cu. ft. per sec. = 1 60 448.83 26,929.9 646,316.8 3741.00 224,460
1 cu. ft. per min. = 1/60 1 7.4805 448.83 10,771.2 62.35 3741.00
1 gal. per min. = 0.002228 0.1337 1 60 1440 8.3350 500
1 gal. per hr. = 3713x10-5 0.002280 1/60 1 24 0.1389 8.3350
1 gal. per 24 hr. = 1547x10-6 9283x10-5 6944x10-4 1/24 1 0.005788 0.3473
1 lb. H2O per min. = 2673x10-3 0.01604 0.1200 7.1986 172.7658 1 60
1 lb. H2O per hr. = 4455x10-5 2673x10-3 0.0020 0.1200 2.8794 1/60 1
Flow Equivalents
EXPONENTIAL METHOD OF EXPRESSING NUMBERS
For convenience in writing & manipulation, numbers are often expressed as factors of appropriate powers of 10.
The figures: 10-1 10-2 10-3 101 102 103 Denote
SHOCK INTENSITY
Quick valve closure is defined as the closure time equal to or less than 2L seconds. This will cause maximum pressure rise. This pressure rise can be calculated by using Joukowsky’s formula.
PR= WaV (PSI)
144g
PR - pressure rise above flow pressure in pounds per square inch
W- the specific weight of liquid, pounds per cubic feet (62.4 for
water)
a -the velocity of pressure wave, feet per second (4,000 to
4,500 feet per second average for water)
V -the change of velocity - feet per second
g- acceleration due to gravity - Ft./Sec. 2 (32.2)
L - the length of pipe in feet from point of valve closure to point
of relief
Point of relief is a larger mass of water in the system to which the branch is connected. Point of relief could be a larger diameter main or riser, water tank or hot water boiler.
Quick closure can produce an approximate pressure rise of 60 times the velocity of flow. Most systems are designed to have flow velocities between 5 and 10 feet per second. Therefore, shock pressures can range between 300 and 600 pounds per square inch. Fig. 1 shows the unprotect-ed system which was subjectunprotect-ed to quick closure.
Shock waves of the magnitube shown can cause tremendous damage and inconvenience. Water distribution systems unprotected against the destruc-tive forces of water hammer can cause:
.
Ruptured piping.
Offensive noise and vibration.
Damaged water meter.
Damage and possible rupture of tanks and water heaters.
Leaks at threaded connections.
Damaged valves.
Damaged to various pressure regulartors, gauges, and anyother miscellaneous equipment in the system
.
Loss of business and goodwill when vital services must becurtailed for any of the reasons listed above
The destructive forces of water hammer working progressively on a system can cause premature failure of the piping, equipment, and controls.
SAFE LIMITS OF PRESSURE RISE
Most plumbing valves and fittings are designed for 150 pound maximum working pressure; therefore, it is desirable that the pressure rise due to quick closure be kept under the 150 pound per square inch figure.
YOU CAN’T ALWAYS “HEAR” WATER HAMMER
It is commonly thought that water hammer exists only when accompanied by hammering sounds and rattling noises. This is not necessarily so. Water hammer can occur without any audible sound or vibration. Under these conditions the piping system is still subjected to the destructive forces of water hammer and the resultant damage.
(Connected to Oscillograph) 480 P.S.I. Peak Quick Closing Valve TYPICAL HIGH PRESSURE RISE IN SYSTEM UNPROTECTED AS SEEN ON AN OSCILLOGRAPH DEFINITION
Water Hammer is a term used to define the destructive forces, pounding noises, and vibrations which develop in a piping system when a column of non-compressible liquid flowing through a pipe line at a given pres-sure and velocity is stopped abruptly. The tremendous forces generated at the point of impact or stoppage can be compared in effect to that of an explosion.
CAUSE AND EFFECT
Water Hammer is caused by the quick closing of electrial, pneumatic or spring-loaded valves as well as quick hand closure of fixture trim. Modern plumbing fixtures use qick closing handle trim and single lever faucets, which tend to increase the possibility to water hammer prob-lems. Therefore, it is imperative that protection against water hammer is designed into the original water distribution system of all buildings. Water flowing through a pipe has a definite amount of energy of flow. This is known as kinetic energy and can be calculated by using the for-mula:
KE = MV2
2g KE - kinetic energy
M - mass of water which is flowing
V - velocitry of flow
g - acceleration due to gravity - 32.2 Ft./Sec.2
When the flow of water in a system is abruptly stopped, this kinetic ener-gy must be absorbed. In an unprotected piping system this enerener-gy is dis-sipated by straining and expanding the piping and various components in the system and is accompanied by a dangerous pressure rise in the sys-tem.
Fig. 1 illustrates the sequence of flow when a valve or quick closing is suddenly closed. Fig.1 (a) depicts water discharging freely through a quick closing valve. Fig. 1 (b) shows the piping after quick closure. Water, being non-compressible, piles up against the seat of the quick clo-seing valve and a shock wave is created which rebounds back and forth in the piping system. Fig. 1 (c) indicates the shock wave rebounding all the way to the main or some point of relief. At the point of relief there is a reversal in pressure wave and it travels back toward the point of clo-sure. This sequence of pressure wave generation continues until it is dampened out and the energy is dissipated.
The shock wave created by a quick closure travels through the piping system from the point of closure to the point of relief at approximately 4,000 to 4,500 feet per second.
E N G I N E E R E D M E C H A N I C A L
WAT E R H A M M E R A R R E S T E R S
a CUSTOMER DRIVEN SMITH® (A) (B) (C) Fig. 1REQUIRED AIR CHAMBER FAILURE
Nominal FLOW Volume Exceeded
Pipe Dia. Conditions Cu. In. Diameter Hight 150 P.S.I.G. Total
1/2 Length Pipe 30 3/4 56.7” 1st Hour 2nd Day
3/4 50 Ft. 50 1 58.2” 1st Hour 3rd Day
1 Flow Pressure 75 1 1/4 50” 1st Hour 2nd Day
1 1/4 60 P.S.I.G. 110 1 1/2 54” 1st Hour 2nd Day
1 1/2 Velocity 170 2 50.5” 1st Hour 1st Day
2 10 Ft./Sec. 300 3 40.5” 1st Hour 2nd Day
CONTROL OF WATER HAMMER
The old conventional method of controlling water hammer has been the “pipe capped air chamber.” Unforturately, this antiquated method is still used, even though the air chamber cannot control water hammer due to many inherent limitations.
Traditionally, air chambers have been installed using random lengths of pipe, usually the same nominal size as the branch to which they are connected. Air chambers are found to be as short as just several inches to a maximum of 18 inches as specified in some codes.
S. M. Dawson and A. A. Kalinske of the Iowa Institute of Hydraulic Research in their Technical Bulletin #3, titled “WATER SUPPLY
PIPING FOR THE PLUMBING SYSTEM” determined after a series of tests, the rec-ommended volume of air chambers for various conditions of pipe size, length of run, flow pressure and velocity. Table 1 indicates some of their recommendations.
AIR CHAMBERS MUST BE CONSTANTLY MAINTAINED
-Air chambers vary quickly become water logged and must be constant-ly maintained if they are to offer even minimal amount of protection. Recharing often can be accomplished only by draining the complete sys-tem. This type of maintenance on a periodic basis is very expensive and in most building is impossible to perform, since the water supply system cannot be shut down.
The Solution
S M I T H H Y D R O T R O L A n E n g i n e e re d , M e c h a n i c a l WAT E R H A M M E R A R R E S T E R
The extreme limitations of the air chamber have been conclusively proven and documented by independent testing laboratories and university researchers. Therefore, it must be concluded that the only modern means of protection of the water distribution system from the destructive forces of water hammer is the installation of an “Engineered, Mechanical Water Hammer Arrester.”
The Smith HYDROTROL is a device which offers positive protection.
HYDROTROLS are completely described on the following pages.
Extremely large air chambers are necessary to temporarily control water hammer shock to acceptable levels. It may be concluded that “ideally sized air chambers” are excessive in size. Therefore, the usual short air chamber made of random length pieces of pipe offers extremely limited protection. It is also interesting to note that in sizing the “ideal air chamber” the pipe diameter of the chamber is increased one nom-inal size so that the necessary volume can be attained.
AIR CHAMBERS OFFER ONLY TEMPORARY PROTECTION
Pipe capped air chambers quickly become water logged (completely
filled with water) and are rendered ineffective in the system. Conclusive tests per-formed at an independent testing laboratory prove that even “ideally sized air cham-bers” (sized by the Dawson and Kelinske method) will quickly become water logged and ineffective. Table 1 also shows some typical results of tests run on “ideally sized air chambers.” All air chambers show in the table failed within the first hour. The unit was considered as having failed when it allowed the pressure rise in the system to go above 150 P.S.I.G. The same air chambers were completely water logged within three days. This is conclusive and documented proof that air chambers very quickly become water logged and offer no protection to the system against the destructive forces of water hammer.
AIR CHAMBERS LOSE MOST OF THEIR INITIAL AIR VOLUME WHEN STATIC WATER PURESSURE IS APPLIED
Most of the air change in a newly changed air chamber is depleted when the initial pressure is turned on the system. Fig. 2 shows a fully changed air chamber with no pressure applied to the system. When water pressure is applied to the system, the amount of air change loss is dependent in the magnitude of the static water pressure. As an example, an air chamber subjected to intial pressure of 45 pounds per square inch will lose 75% of its intial air volume.
Table 1
SMALL IN SIZE
HYDROTROL shown is certified to out perform excessively large “Ideally Sized Air Chamber”
V2
V2= remaining air
change after static water pressure is applied Air Change (no Static pressure) Fig. 2
COMPARITIVE ENDURANCE TEST
300 280 260 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10,000 HYDROTROL AIR CHAM BERNO . 1 AIR CHA MBER NO. 2
MAX SURGE PRESSURE (P
.S.I.G.)
HIGH IN PERFORMANCE Limits pressure use to
under 150 P.S.I.
PERMANET PERFORMANCE HYDROTROL continues to function
for the life-time of the piping.
Pressurized compression chamber charged and factory sealed. Controls bellows expansion under normal water-line pressure so that full expan-sion capacity is available to control shock.
Welded Nesting–Type Expansion Bellows
In-Line Design–Direct action type bellows respond instantly to control shock pressure.
Threaded Nipple Connection–Threads directly into tee.
With HYDROTROL'S in-line design, expansion bellows are an integral part of the waterline, so that they respond instantaneously in absorbing and controlling hydrostatic shock.
A pressurized compression chamber provides a pneumatic cushion that governs the bellows' expansion under normal waterline pressure, so that the full bellows expansion capacity is available for controlling hydrostat-ic shock.
The bellows are of balanced design and construction with heavier and stronger convolutions positioned in the bellows assembly to insure each convolution expanding evenly and equally, thereby providing the maxi-mum surface area for absorbing and dissipating the shock pressure into the pneumatic cushion.
As shock occurs, bellows expand, creating a pneumatic pressure cushion which absorbs and controls shock.
Bellows in expanded position due to the hydrostatic shock in the system. As hydrostatic shock occurs, these pressures cause the bellows to expand into the pneumatic cushion of the compression chamber. This expanding movement of the bellows provides the displacement required to absorb and control the shock pressure generated in the line. The force of the shock expanding the bellows creates a self-energizing pneumatic pres-sure, which prevents the bellows from over-expanding and coming into contact with the top of the compression chamber.
The combined cushioning effect of both the pneumatic and hydraulic pressures governs the bellows action, so that shock waves do not bounce back into the piping system and acts to quickly stabilize the water and piping system.
Built to last without mechanical failure or material deterioration, the HYDROTROL unit is constructed entirely of stainless steel.
HYDROTROL uses heavy duty balanced expansion bellows to internally absorb the hydrostatic shock pressure occurring in water lines. These bellows are both pneumatically and hydraulically controlled in a pressurized expansion chamber so that they never come into metal to metal contact with other parts of the unit, and cannot be subjected to excessive stresses or strains which might cause metal fatigue and bellows failure.
Stainless steel construction combined with unique engineered design make HYDROTROL
-•Compact in size
•Big in performance
•Maximum capacity
•Light-weight - needs no support straps
•Requires no service or maintenance
•Extremely durable - May be installed in concealed areas
Design • Construction • Operation
Bellows in normal position
•
•
•
•
•
•
SIZING - Single and Multiple Fixture Branch Lines
Most engineers employ the fixture unit method of sizing water piping systems. Smith uses the P.D.I. simplified method of sizing HYDROTROLS based on fix-ture unit weight. The correct size HYDROTROL can therefore be specified and located at the same time that the pipe sizes are determined.
Table 1 indicates the fixture unit weights for most popular plumbing fixtures and is based upon information offered in the National Plumbing Code. Certain local codes may vary and should be reviewed prior to using Table 1.
Table 1
Table 2 indicates fixture unit ratings for P.D.I. certified water hammer arrester cat-egories and the corresponding Smith HYDROTROL for each category. Where several fixtures are installed in a branch usually only one fixture valve at a time will be closed. Table 2 takes into consideration other design factors including the simultaneous usage of one or more fixtures, pipe size, length, flow pressure and velocity. Therefore, this method offers a simple fast determination of the proper size water hammer arrester for a given battery of plumbing fixtures.
HYDROTROL SIZING TABLE
NOTE: When Water Pressure in line exceeds 65 psi, specify the next larger Hydrotrol.
LPlumbing and Drainage Institute established these size symbols to correspond to those units covered by the Certification and Testing Program described in P.D.I. Standard Manual WH-201.
Find fixture unit weight of each fixture using Table 1. Total the fixture units weights for both hot and cold branches.
Cold Water Branch
2 WC. at 10 F.U. ea. = 20 Hot Water Branch
4 Lav. at 1 1/2 F.U. ea. = 6 4 Lav. at 1 1/2 F.U. ea. = 6
Total 26 Total 6
Select P.D.I. "B" Unit Select P.D.I. "A" unit Select correct size HYDROTROL using Table 2.
Cold Water Branch Hot Water Branch
Fig. 5010 Fig. 5005
Find fixture unit weight of each fixture using Table 1. Total the fixture unit weights for both hot and cold water branches.
PLACEMENT
It has been established that the preferred location for the water hammer arrester is at the end of the branch line between the last two fixtures served.
Two basic rules were established - one for branches up to 20 ft. in length, and another for branches over 20 ft. in length.
Rule 1, covers multiple fixture branch lines which do not exceed 20 ft. in length. Hydrotrol Sizing Table 2 is used to select the required unit.
Rule 2, covers multiple fixture branch lines which do exceed 20 ft. in length. Hydrotrol Sizing Table 2 is used to select the required units. The sum of the Fixture Unit Ratings of units X and Y shall be equal to or greater than the demand of the branch.
Y X
OVER 20 FT
SIZING AND PLACEMENT OF HYDROTROLS
All Sizing and Placement Data is in Accordance with Plumbing and Drainage Institute Standard PDI WH-201
P.D.I. LSYMBOLS A B C D E F HYDROTROL 5005 5010 5020 5030 5040 5050 Fixture Unit 1-11 12-32 33-60 61-113 114-154 155-330 Rating
P.D.I. "A" (Fig. 5005) P.D.I. "B" (Fig. 5010)
P.D.I. "A" (Fig. 5005) P.D.I. "C" (Fig. 5020)
Riser
Typical Branch Line
HYDROTROL
X UP TO 20 FT
Cold Water Branch
2 WC. at 10 F.U. ea. ...= 20
2 Ur. at 5 F.U. ea... = 10 Hot Water Branch
4 Lav. at 1 1/2 F.U. ea. = 6 .... 4 Lav. at 1 1/2 F.U. ea. = 6
Total 36 Total 6
Select P.D.I. "C" unit Select P.D.I. "A" unit Select correct size HYDROTROL using Table 2.
Cold Water Branch Hot Water Branch
Fig. 5020 Fig. 5005 Rule 1 Rule 2 SIZING Example 2 Example 1 Table 2
Weight in Fixture Units
Type of Supply Public Private
Fixture Control C.W. H.W. C.W. H.W.
Water Closet Flush Valve 10 - 6
-Water Closet Flush Tank 5 - 3
-Pedestal Urinal Flush Valve 10 - -
-Stall or Wall Urinal Flush Valve 5 - -
-Stall or Wall Urinal Flush Tank 3 - -
-Lavatory Faucet 1 1/2 1 1/2 1 1
Bathtub Faucet 2 3 1 1/2 1 1/2
Shower Head Mixing Valve 2 3 1 2
Bathroom Group Flush Valve Closet - - 8 3
Bathroom Group Flush Tank Closet - - 6 3
Separate Shower Mixing Valve - - 1 2
Service Sink Faucet 3 3 -
-Laundry Tubs (1-3) Faucet - - 3 3
Combination Fixture Faucet - - 3 3
EXAMPLE OF SIZING AND PLACEMENT
PLACEMENT ON EXTRA LONG BATTERIES It is recommended that for extra long branches (in excess of 40' in length), the water supply should tie into the branch at some mid-point location. The example shows a branch of approximately 60' in length which can be fed at some mid-point location; thus applying Rules #1 and #2 at either side of the feed line for sizing and placement.
SIZING AND PLACEMENT IN MULTI-STORY BUILDINGS
By using Rules #1 and #2 almost every battery situation can be sized and the HYDROTROLS properly located. Fig. 1 shows the method of sizing and placement in a typical multi-story building which has a great variety of fixtures and fixture locations.
LONG RUNS OF PIPING TO SINGLE FIXTURES, APPLIANCES OR EQUIPMENT Table 3 indicates the size HYDROTROL required for long runs of piping which feed a single remote fixture or appliance. HYDROTROL unit should be sized by using Table 3 and located as close to the point of quick closure as possible.
Note: Table 3 shows lengths of run of branch piping. The length of run used should be the length of the pipe from the point of valve closure to a point of relief, such as a large pipe twice the size of the branch line, main line or water tank.
All sizing recommendations shown in Table 3 are based on an operating water pres-sure of 65 PSI or under and an average velocity between 5 and 10 feet per second. If operating pressures are over 65 PSI use the next larger HYDROTROL unit. When pressures are anticipated above 85 PSI a pressure reducing valve is recommended.
Long Run of Piping
HYDROTROL
Quick Closure Valve
Shock Outlet HYDROTROL Quick Closure Valve BRANCH C.W. LINE BRANCH C.W. H.W. BRANCH C.W. H.W. F.U. 36 6 HYDROTROL 5020 5005 F.U. 47 1/2 7 1/2 HYDROTROL 5020 5005 BRANCH C.W. H.W. F.U. 64 9 HYDROTROL 2-5010 2-5005 BRANCH C.W. H.W. F.U. 65 15 HYDROTROL 2-5020 2-5005 BRANCH C.W. F.U. 110 HYDROTROL 2-5020 OVER 20' FIG 5020 FIG 5020 1st FL. 2nd FL. OVER 20' 3rd FL. BRANCH H.W. LINE OVER 20' 4TH FL. 5TH FL. C.W. H.W. H.W. CIRC "B" "A" UP TO 20 FT "C" "B" "B" UP TO 20 FT OVER 20 FT SIZING EXAMPLE Fig. 1 CONDITIONS: Pipe Size ...1 1/4" Length of Run ...100 ft. Flow Pressure ...53 P.S.I.G. Velocity ...8 ft./sec. RECOMMENDATION:
Smith Fig. 5050 HYDROTROL installed as shown HYDROTROL SELECTION CHART
LENGTH NOMINAL PIPE SIZE
OF PIPE 1/2" 3/4" 1" 1 1/4" 1 1/2" 2" 25 5005 5005 5010 5020 5030 5040 50 5005 5010 5020 5030 5040 5050 75 5010 5020 5030 1-5005 5050 1-5040 1-5040 1-5050 100 5020 5030 5040 5050 1-5020 2-5050 1-5050 125 5020 5030 5050 1-5005 1-5040 1-5040 1-5050 1-5050 2-5050 150 5030 5040 5050 1-5030 2-5050 3-5050 1-5050 Table 3 OVER 20 FT "B" "A" "A" "B" EXAMPLE OF RULE 1 EXAMPLE OF RULE 2
EXAMPLE OF RULES 1 AND 2
Open Tank Cold Water Branch = 26 Fixture Units
Requires P.D.I. Unit “B” or Fig. 5010 Hot Water Branch = 6 Fixture Units
Requires P.D.I. Unit “A” or Fig. 5005
Cold Water Branch = 52 Fixture Units
Requires two P.D.I. Units “B” or two Fig. 5010 Hot Water Branch = 12 Fixture Units
Requires two P.D.I. Units “A” or two Fig. 5005
Up to 20 ft. - Cold Water Branch = 60 Fixture Units Requires P.D.I. Unit "C" or Fig. 5020 Over 20 ft. - Cold Water Branch = 60 Fixture Units
STAINLESS STEEL
BELLOWS TYPE WATER HAMMER ARRESTERS
ALL STAINLESS STEEL
Smith’s bellows arresters are constructed entirely of 304 stainless steel for maximum corrosion resistance and decades of reliable operation. This construction eliminates the possibility of galvanic corrosion between dissimilar materials within the structure of the arrester.
ALL-WELDED CONSTRUCTION
There are no o-ring seals, crimp joints, or other “weak links” in the structure. All joints are gas-tungsten arc welded (GTAW) or resistance welded stainless steel to stainless steel. This construc-tion results in a burst pressure greater than 2000 psi, giving a mar-gin of safety over 13 times the maximum operating pressure of a typical 150 psi water system.
TOTALLY METALLIC, WELDED STAINLESS STEEL GAS CHARGE CONTAINMENT
The goal of an engineered water hammer arrester is long life, and this can only be achieved by absolute containment of the gas charge. In the Smith arrester, the gas charge is completely enveloped in stainless steel. From the outer containment to the highly flexible, edge welded bellows, the gas charge is confined in an impermeable metallic enclosure.
BELLOWS EMPLOYS CONICAL ID/OD DESIGN DEVEL-OPED BY BATTELLE LABORATORY FOR MINIMUM OPERATING STRESS, ULTRA-LONG LIFE
The bellows in a water hammer arrester provides a flexible barri-er between the watbarri-er system and the gas charge. In Smith’s arresters, the bellows is unique: It employs a design that was developed by Battelle Laboratories in which the inner and outer edges are tilted into a conical shape. This contour distributes stresses throughout the entire bellows diaphragm. While this gets deep into the engineering of the arrester, it points to a highly advanced configuration not used by other bellows designs—one that assures reliable life measured in decades. It also provides the most compact design available.
WELDED GAS CHARGE SEAL
As with all other aspects of the design, the fill point is also weld-ed closweld-ed with stainless steel for permanency.
100 PERCENT TESTED ON HELIUM MASS SPECTROME-TER 10,000 TIMES MORE SENSITIVE THAN A BUBBLE TEST—MEANS PERMANENT GAS CHARGE, NO LEAK DOWN. EVERY WELD AND EVERY SURFACE OF GAS CONTAINMENT IS LEAK TESTED
To assure that every inch of weld and every surface of bellows and outer containment is leak-free, Smith bellows arresters are tested with the most sensitive leak detection method possible— the helium-sensitive mass spectrometer. The mass spectrometer can detect a leak so small that it would take ten years to form a bubble the size of a pea. This technique, used on aerospace prod-ucts, gives the maximum assurance possible of leak-free gas charge containment.
GAS CHARGE INERT DRY NITROGEN AND DRY HELIUM MIX FOR MAXIMUM STABILITY
While other arresters are charged with air, Smith’s bellows arresters are charged with a dry nitrogen/dry helium mix. This affords maximum stability in surge absorption under all operating conditions, and gives us a small trace of helium to perform our leak test.
TOTALLY DRY DESIGN; NO OIL IN GAS CHARGE—NO POSSIBLE CONTAMINATION
Early arrester designs incorporated mineral oil in with the gas charge to fill up excess volume. Without this, the older arresters had very limited surge absorption. Through a highly efficient design, Smith’s arresters are “dry,” in that they contain no oil. This is significant in that should a bellows fail, there is no oil to escape and contaminate a drinking water system. In a hospital or apartment, this could be devastating. Smith arresters will help keep potable water systems potable.
BURST PRESSURE IN EXCESS OF 2000 PSI Discussed above
ONE OF THE SMALLEST ARRESTERS AVAILABLE IN STANDARD PDI SIZES
The advanced engineering of Smith’s arresters allows physical size to be reduced considerably below older competitor units—as much as 25% smaller. They are less expensive to ship and will fit into tight plumbing spaces that would exclude competitor units. PDI TESTED AND CERTIFIED
STATEMENT OF GUARANTEE POLICY
Jay R. Smith Mfg. Co. “Hydrotrols” have a lifetime guarantee against defective materials and workmanship when installed and sized in accordance with the manufacturers instructions and/or P.D.I. Standard W.H.-201.
REV. DATE DESCRIPTION BY CKD. BY
WEIGHT POUNDS
VOLUME
CUBIC FEET FIGURE NUMBER
LOCATION
FIGURE NUMBER
DIMENSIONS ARE SUBJECT TO MANUFACTURERS TOLERANCE AND CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE
WE CAN ASSUME NO RESPONSIBILITY FOR USE OF SUPERSEDED OR VOID DATA
DRAWN BY: CHECKED BY: APPROVED BY: D A T E: SCALE: SIZE DRAWING NUMBER C 3.25 (83) 3.25 (83) 3.25 (83) 3.25 (83) 3.25 (83) 3.25 (83)
HYDROTROLS
ENGINEERED WATER HAMMER ARRESTERS
FUNCTION: Quick closing electrical, pneumatic, spring loaded valves or devices, and the quick hand closure of fixture trim can cause destructive "water hammer". Engineered water hammer arresters ("Hydrotrols") employ a permanently sealed cushion of air or gas which absorbs the energy of water hammer and reduces pressure rise in the piping system to a safe level. Hydrotrol units, correctly sized and placed at specific locations in the water piping system will control the destructive shock of water hammer.
RECOMMENDED SPECIFICATION FOR HYDROSTATIC SHOCK CONTROL Smith series 5000 "Hydrotrol" all stainless steel shock absorbers shall be installed at all solenoid, remote operated or quick closing valves and at each plumbing fixture or battery of plumbing fixtures. Install on both hot and cold water branch lines in an upright position as close as possible to the valve or valves being served. Sizes and locations as indicated on drawings.
PCN/ Fig. No. 5005 5010 5020 5030 5040 5050 P.D.I. Symbol A B C D E F Fixture Unit Rating 1-11 12-32 33-60 61-113 114-154 155-330 A SIZE 3/4 (19) 1 (25) 1 (25) 1 (25) 1 (25) 1 (25) B 2.62 (67) 2.97 (75) 3.59 (91) 5.14 (131) 5.52 (140) 6.67 (169)
Hydrotrols Fig. 5005 to 5050 inclusive have been tested and certified in accordance with the Plumbing and Drainage Institute "Standard P.D.I. WH-201"
Hydrotrols are pre-charged and permanently sealed at the factory. All hydrotrols are constructed entirely of stainless steel.
NOTE: Sizing information on reverse side.
5005 - 5050
5005 - 5050
NOTE: Dimensions shown in parentheses are in millimeters.D 1.40 (36) 1.69 (43) 2.19 (56) 3.24 (82) 4.12 (105) 5.28 (134) Conforms to ASSE 1010 C B 90 A Compression Chamber Shell Nipple Units: A, B, C, & D D C B Compression Chamber Shell Units: E & F D 90 A JAY R.
SMITH
MFG. CO.DIVISION OF SMITH INDUSTRIES, INC.
POST OFFICE BOX 3237
MONTGOMERY, ALABAMA 36109-0237 (USA) TEL: 334-277-8520 FAX: 334-272-7396 www.jrsmith.com
CUSTOMER DRIVEN SMITH® MEMBER OF: ®
ASPE
® SANITARY E N GINEERING Pre ve ntion Rather ThanC ureREV. DATE DESCRIPTION BY CKD. BY
WEIGHT POUNDS
VOLUME
CUBIC FEET FIGURE NUMBER
LOCATION
FIGURE NUMBER
DIMENSIONS ARE SUBJECT TO MANUFACTURERS TOLERANCE AND CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE
WE CAN ASSUME NO RESPONSIBILITY FOR USE OF SUPERSEDED OR VOID DATA
DRAWN BY: CHECKED BY: APPROVED BY: DATE: SCALE: SIZE
A
DRAWING NUMBERHY-DUTY HYDROTROL WITH PRESSURE GAUGE AND
VALVE CHARGING VEHICLE
FUNCTION: The Fig. 5060 Hy-Duty Hydrotrol has been designed expressly for severe hydrostatic shock conditions that can occur in commercial laundry machines, bus washing stands and high capacity pumping systems. This unit will absorb the excessive surge pressures and eliminate the annoying and dangerous water hammer that results whenever a solenoid or quick closing valve is suddenly closed. Both the piping system and expensive equipment on the line are safeguarded against the damaging effects of the hydrostatic shock.
RECOMMENDED SPECIFICATION
Where indicated on plans, water hammer arresters shall be Smith Hy-Duty Hydrotrol Fig. 5060 constructed entirely of stabilized 18-8 stainless steel having welded stainless steel bellows in a pressurized chamber with pressure gauge and air valve and sized according to factory recommendation.
4 1/2 (115) DIA 2 (51) 2 1/4 (57) 8 1/4 (210) 2 (50) SIZE Pressure Gauge (permits checking of pressurized chamber and facilitates a reading if chamber pressure has to be increased)
Pressurized Chamber (pre-charged at the factory for specific installations)
Hydraulic Liquid Bellows
Nipple
Aluminum Cap Air Valve and Cap (permits easy adjustment of charging pressure in chamber while installed)
Shell
For further information on sizing and application of the Hy-Duty Hydrotrol consult your local Jay R. Smith representative or the factory.
5060
5060
NOTE: Dimensions shown in
parentheses are in millimeters.
JAY R.
SMITH
MFG. CO.
DIVISION OF SMITH INDUSTRIES, INC.
POST OFFICE BOX 3237
MONTGOMERY, ALABAMA 36109-0237 (USA)
TEL: 334-277-8520 FAX: 334-272-7396 www.jrsmith.com
CUSTOMER DRIVEN SMITH® MEMBER OF: ®
ASPE
® SANITARY E N GINEERING Pre ve ntio n Rather ThanC ure 10PISTON TYPE WATER HAMMER ARRESTERS
The piston type water hammer arrester is designed to be compact in size allowing for installation in a 2” x 4” wall space and installed at any angle whether it be upright, horizontally or any angle in between. The casing is all copper tube spun closed at the top to provide a seamless constructed unit permanently sealing a 60 PSIG air charge cushion above a two o-ring piston. A NPT solid hex bass adapter is provided at the bottom of the unit for fast and easy installation to the potable piping system. The two EPDM o-rings are lubricated with Dow Corning, FDA approved 111 Silicone Compound. The piston is HHPP and is tested for charge leakage and proper charge pressure. The unit is available in either male thread or male sweat end connection. The sweat unit is designed with the appropriate heat sink length to allow soldering of the connection without concern of damaging the piston unit. It is designed to operate with domestic or commercial potable water systems. The temperature range is 33º F to 250º F.
ASSE TESTED AND LISTED
JRS Products Piston Type Water Hammer Arresters
JRS Products Piston Type Water Hammer Arresters are guaranteed against defective materials and workmanship for the life of the piping system when installed and sized in accordance with the manufacturers instructions, P.D.I. Standard W.H.-201 and/or ASSE Standard 1010.
This guarantee includes any part proving defective but excludes any unit tampered with or field modified. All units must be returned to Jay R. Smith Mfg. Co. for evaluation. The defective unit must be returned to the factory within thirty days with the name of the contractor or purchaser and a description of the installation.
All claims must be handled through the wholesaler from whom the product was originally purchased. Wholesaler will exchange defective unit on request of the purchaser and send the unit to Jay R. Smith Mfg. Co. or their local sales repre-sentative.
SERIES 520-T
Water Hammer Arrester
Piston Type Water Hammer Arresters, Series 520-T
60 psig charge
Arrester Chamber, cold rolled and spun closed seamless chamber
Pipe Size B
Poly piston. Two EPDM O-rings, pressure-lubricated with Dow-Corning 111 Silicone Compound, FDA approved. Seamless Spun Reduction Lead Free Solder Joint Standard wrought copper adapter with wrench hex A
Pressurized air cushion
NPT, male thread
Product Description: Recommended for plumbing fixtures in office buildings, retail, schools, hospitals,
correctional facilities, and public buildings. Threaded connection piston type water hammer arresters consists of seamless, cold rolled and spun closed copper; pressurized arrester chamber; poly piston with two EPDM O-rings.
Features and Benefits:
.
Designed to absorb and control shock pressure in water lines from surges during quick valve closure.
Maximum rated suge pressure: 350 P.S.I.G..
Operating line flow pressure up to 60 P.S.I.G..
Working temperature range: 33˚ to 250˚ F.
Listed by the American Society of Sanitary Engineers to ASSE 1010 Standard.
Certified and tested by U.S. Testing Co. Inc., Tulsa, OK to ASSE 1010 Standard.
IAPMO Listed, File No. 4785For flow pressures up to 60 P.S.I.G.
Length of Pipe
Nominal Pipe Diameter
1/2” 3/4” 1” 1 1/4” 1 1/2” 2” 25’ A A B C D E 50’ A B C D E F 75’ B C D AE F EF 100’ C D E F CF FF 125’ C D F AF EF EFF 150’ D E F DF FF FFF Listed: ®
Threaded Connection Piston Water Hammer Arrester Series 520-T
WATER HAMMER ARRESTER SIZING CHART
NOTE: Dimensional date is subject to manufacturing tolerances and change without notice *NOTE: AA size for residential applications only
NOTE: Per ASSE Standard, systems exceeding 60 P.S.I.G.
shall be installed with a pressure reducing valve upstream of the unit
Smith Pipe Air Dimensions Fixture Unit
Fig. No. Size, NTP Size Change A B (DIA) Capacity
520-T-AA 1/2” AA* 60 psig 5.56” 875” Residential
520-T-A 1/2” A 60 psig 6.875” 1.125” 1 to 11 520-T-B 3/4” B 60 psig 8.69” 1.38” 12 to 32 520-T-C 1” C 60 psig 12.00” 1.38” 33 to 60 520-T-D 1-1/4” D 60 psig 12.00” 2.13” 61 to 113 520-T-E 1-1/2” E 60 psig 14.56” 2.13” 114 to 154 520-T-F 2” F 60 psig 16.38” 2.13” 155 to 330 12
SERIES 520-SC
Water Hammer Arrester
Piston Type Water Hammer Arresters, Series 520-SC
Product Description: Recommended for plumbing fixtures in office buildings, retail, schools, hospitals,correctional facilities, and public buildings. Threaded connection piston type water hammer arresters consists of seamless, cold rolled and spun closed copper; pressurized arrester chamber; poly piston with two EPDM O-rings.
Features and Benefits:
.
Designed to absorb and control shock pressure in water lines from surges during quick valve closure.
Maximum rated suge pressure: 350 P.S.I.G..
Operating line flow pressure up to 60 P.S.I.G..
Working temperature range: 33˚ to 250˚ F.
Listed by the American Society of Sanitary Engineers to ASSE 1010 Standard.
Certified and tested by U.S. Testing Co. Inc., Tulsa, OK to ASSE 1010 Standard.
IAPMO Listed, File No. 4785Sweat Connection Piston Water Hammer Arrester Series 520-SC
NOTE: Dimensional date is subject to manufacturing tolerances and change without notice *NOTE: AA size for residential applications only
NOTE: Per ASSE Standard, systems exceeding 60 P.S.I.G.
shall be installed with a pressure reducing valve upstream of the unit
Pipe Size
60 psi charge
B
Poly piston. Two EPDM O-rings, pressure-lubricated with Dow-Corning 111 Silicone Compound, FDA approved. A
Male Sweat Connection Heat Sink
Length
Pressurized air cushion Arrester Chamber, cold rolled and spun closed seamless chamber
Listed:
For flow pressures up to 60 P.S.I.G.
Length of Pipe
Nominal Pipe Diameter
1/2” 3/4” 1” 1 1/4” 1 1/2” 2” 25’ A A B C D E 50’ A B C D E F 75’ B C D AE F EF 100’ C D E F CF FF 125’ C D F AF EF EFF 150’ D E F DF FF FFF
WATER HAMMER ARRESTER SIZING CHART
Smith Pipe Air Dimensions Fixture Unit
Fig. No. Size, NTP Size Change A B (DIA) Capacity
520-SC-AA 1/2” AA* 60 psig 5.56” 875” Residential
520-SC-A 1/2” A 60 psig 6.875” 1.125” 1 to 11 520-SC-B 3/4” B 60 psig 8.69” 1.38” 12 to 32 520-SC-C 1” C 60 psig 12.00” 1.38” 33 to 60 520-SC-D 1-1/4” D 60 psig 12.00” 2.13” 61 to 113 520-SC-E 1-1/2” E 60 psig 14.56” 2.13” 114 to 154 520-SC-F 2” F 60 psig 16.38” 2.13” 155 to 330 ®
SIZING
WATER
SYSTEMS
500 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 400 300 200 100 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 0No. 1 for system predominantly for flush valves No. 2 for system predominantly for flush tanks 1 1 2 2 FIXTURE UNITS FIXTURE UNITS DEMAND G.P .M. DEMAND G.P .M.
Estimated Curves for Demand Load
Enlarged Scale Demand Load
PIPE
SIZING
DATA
10000 8000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 800 600 500 400 300 200 100 80 60 50 40 30 20 10 0.1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .8 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 20 30 40 50 60 80 100 0.1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .8 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 20 30 40 50 60 80 100 8 6 5 4 2 3 1 10000 8000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 800 600 500 400 300 200 100 80 60 50 40 30 20 10 8 6 5 4 2 3 1Flow in Gallons per Minute Flow in Gallons per Minute
Friction Loss in Head in Lbs. per Sq. In. per 100 Ft. Length
Friction Loss in Head in Lbs. per Sq. In. per 100 Ft. Length
5 2 3 4 5 8 10 15 20 30 40 6 4 3 2 1 3/4 1/2 3/8 1 1/2 Diameter 6 Inch V elocity Ft. per S econd Copper Tubing Smooth Pipe Type M _________________ Type L _________________ Type K _________________ 15
10000 8000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 800 600 500 400 300 200 100 80 60 50 40 30 20 10 0.1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .8 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 20 30 40 50 60 80 100 0.1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .8 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 20 30 40 50 60 80 100 8 6 5 4 2 3 1 10000 8000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 800 600 500 400 300 200 100 80 60 50 40 30 20 10 8 6 5 4 2 3 1
Flow in Gallons per Minute Flow in Gallons per Minute
Friction Loss in Head in Lbs. per Sq. In. per 100 Ft. Length
Friction Loss in Head in Lbs. per Sq. In. per 100 Ft. Length
5 6 8 10 2 3 4 5 8 10 15 20 30 40 6 4 3 2 1 3/4 1/2 3/8 1 1/2 Diameter 12 Inch V elocity F t. per S econd Fairly Smooth
PIPE
SIZING
DATA
1610000 8000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 800 600 500 400 300 200 100 80 60 50 40 30 20 10 0.1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .8 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 20 30 40 50 60 80 100 0.1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .8 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 20 30 40 50 60 80 100 8 6 5 4 2 3 1 10000 8000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 800 600 500 400 300 200 100 80 60 50 40 30 20 10 8 6 5 4 2 3 1
Flow in Gallons per Minute Flow in Gallons per Minute
Friction Loss in Head in Lbs. per Sq. In. per 100 Ft. Length
Friction Loss in Head in Lbs. per Sq. In. per 100 Ft. Length
5 6 8 10 2 3 4 5 8 10 15 20 30 6 4 3 2 1 3/4 1/2 3/8 1 1/2 Diameter 12 Inch Ve locity Ft. per Second Fairly Rough
PIPE
SIZING
DATA
10000 8000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 800 600 500 400 300 200 100 80 60 50 40 30 20 10 0.1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .8 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 20 30 40 50 60 80 100 0.1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .8 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 20 30 40 50 60 80 100 8 6 5 4 2 3 1 10000 8000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 800 600 500 400 300 200 100 80 60 50 40 30 20 10 8 6 5 4 2 3 1
Flow in Gallons per Minute Flow in Gallons per Minute
Friction Loss in Head in Lbs. per Sq. In. per 100 Ft. Length
Friction Loss in Head in Lbs. per Sq. In. per 100 Ft. Length
5 6 8 10 2 3 4 5 8 10 15 20 6 4 3 2 1 3/4 1/2 3/8 1 1/2 Diameter 12 Inch V
elocity Ft. per Second
Rough
PIPE
SIZING
DATA
1 10000 8000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 800 600 400 300 200 100 80 60 50 40 30 20 10 8 6 5 4 3 2 1 500 100 80 60 50 40 30 20 10 8 6 4 3 2 1 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 .08 .06 .05 .04 .03 .02 .01 5 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 VELOCITY CHART VELOCITY FT. SEC FIG. A VELOCITY FT. SEC FIG. B VELOCITY CHART
12" PIPE SIZE 12" PIPE SIZE
10" 8" 6" 6" 8" 10" 5" 5" 4" 4" 3 1/2" 3" 2" 2" 3" 1" 1" 3/4" 3/4" 1/2" 1/2" 2 1/2" 2 1/2 " 1 1/4" 1 1/4" 3 1/2" 1 1/2" 1 1/2"
To determine total kinetic energy in foot pounds/linear foot for the entire effective pipe length, use the example below:
Maximum Flow Rate 50 GPM
Line Pressure-Water Flowing 65 PSI Max. Shock. Pressure 175 PSI Pipi Size 1-1/2" Effective Pipe Length 25' Determine pipe velocity by entering Fig. A
at 50 gallons. Proceed horizontally to diagonal line for 1-1/2" pipe. Proceed
ver-tically to scale at top of bottom of graph and read velocity of 8.0 ft/sec.
Determine kinetic energy per lineal foot of pipe by entering Fig. B at 8.0 ft/sec. Proceed upward to diagonal line for 1-1/2"
pipe. Proceed horizontally to scale at right and read kinetic energy of 0.90 ft. lbs/lin. ft. of pipe.
Total Kinetic Energy will be 0.90 x 25 or 22.5 foot pounds.
NOTE: Maximum total Kinetic Energy for fig. no. 5060 is 130 foot/pounds.
KINETIC
ENERGY
CHART
FLOW
THRU PIPE - GALLONS PER MINUTE
KINETIC ENGERGY
- FT
. LBS. PER LIN. FT
Q. Will water hammer arresters control the movement in pip-ing mains?
A. The movement in piping mains is caused by shock and par-tially by the flow of water through the mains. The greatest movement is caused by shock which can be controlled by the installation of water hammer arresters. The movement caused by water flow can be controlled by the proper placement of pipe hangers and supports.
Q. Is it possible to control the shock created by pumping equipment?
A. When a pump shuts off, some degree of shock will be expe-rienced in the discharge line. This is caused by the back surge of water to the pumping equipment. The shock can be con-trolled in most applications by the installation of a properly sized water hammer arrester. The unit should be installed at a tee connection in the vertical discharge line.
Q. Will a water hammer arrester prevent check valve slam? A. A water hammer arrester will absorb the shock and mini-mize the slam noise. A soft seat in the check valve will then assure a quiet closure.
Q. Is the shock generated in dishwasher piping controllable? A. A solenoid or other type of quick closure valve is employed for dishwasher applications. A properly sized water hammer arrester installed on the pressure side of the solenoid valve will eliminate the shock and noise.
Q. Is the shock generated in home washing machines control-lable?
A. Yes, a properly sized water hammer arrester placed on the cold and hot water supplies to the washing machine will absorb the shock as caused by quick closure devices.
Q. Will water hammer arresters control the shock experienced in commercial laundry machines?
A. A violent shock is created in commercial laundry piping as a result of quick closure valves. The 5060 Hydrotrol has been designed for severe applications such as this. However, at times is not large enough to effectively control the situation and another method must be utilized. These applications shall be submitted with all pertinent data to Smith’s Sales Engineering for evaluation.
Q. Can shock be prevented in other types of liquid conveying systems?
A. The 5005-5050 stainless steel bellows units can be used with most types of liquid conveyed in a piping distribution system. Therefore, if a shock is encountered, it can be con-trolled. When liquids other than water are involved, it is
rec-ommended that Smith’s Sales Engineering group be consulted for evaluation.
Q. Will water hammer arresters eliminate piping vibration? A. If the vibration is caused by the occurance of shock in the piping system it can be avoided if a properly sized water ham-mer arrester is installed near the quick closure valve.
Q. Are water hammer arresters required in the average resi-dence?
A. Yes, a severe shock can occur in the residential piping sys-tem, especially when excessive water pressures are involved. Most of the premature failures of piping, hot water storage heaters, home laundry machines, automatic control valves and flush tanks or valves, may be attributed to shock caused by quick closure valves. Properly sized water hammer arresters should be installed on the hot and cold water supply piping to that fixture, equipment or apparatus wherein shock can be pro-duced. A pressure reducing valve installed on the discharge side of the water meter can be most helpful in protecting the residential piping system.
Q. Will water hammer arresters rectify every shock condition? A. Occasionally, a piping system is improperly designed or installed. Therefore, it is necessary to correct the installation before you can cure the shock. After this has been accom-plished a properly sized water hammer arrester will rectify the shock condition.
Q. What is the importance of cubic inch displacement in water hammer arresters?
A. A prescribed amount of cubic inch displacement is required for each type of device intended for the control of shock. Since the Hydrotrols are pressurized, its displacement volume is not actually utilized until the water pressure exceeds 60 P.S.I. By comparison, the air chamber type device require a displace-ment volume approximately six times that of each Hydrotrol unit.
Q. Are water hammer arresters safe for potable water system? A. Yes, the bellows & piston type water hammer arresters are safe for potable water systems. The o-rings used in the piston type arresters are lubricated with FDA approved Dow-Corning 111 Silicone Compound and all solder joints use lead free sol-der.
IMPORTANT: If you have a question that is not answered on this page or the preceding pages, or if you have a special prob-lem involving hydrostatic shock or water hammer, please con-tact Smith’s Sales Engineering group.
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
JAY R. SMITH
JAY R. SMITH
MFG.
MFG. CO.
CO.
PM 1054 6/06
