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Copyright © 2010 Edusoft Ltd. All rights reserved. Copyright © 2010 Edusoft Ltd. All rights reserved. ISBN 1-631427-101 ISBN 1-631427-101
English Discoveries
English Discoveries
Intermediate
Intermediate
1
1
Student Workbook
Student Workbook
Dear Student, Dear Student,
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elcome to theelcome to the English Discoveries Workbook – Intermediate 1English Discoveries Workbook – Intermediate 1.. This workbook is especiallThis workbook is especially for you! y for you! It will help you use, practice and progrIt will help you use, practice and progress in English.ess in English.
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ach unit of the workbook corresponds directly to a unit in theach unit of the workbook corresponds directly to a unit in theEnglish Discoveries Intermediate 1English Discoveries Intermediate 1course. You should use this workbook together with the course. For example, after you do the course. You should use this workbook together with the course. For example, after you do the listening component from the course, we recommend you do the listening section in the workbook. listening component from the course, we recommend you do the listening section in the workbook. Y
Your workbook also contains our workbook also contains copies of the copies of the Explore texts from theExplore texts from theEnglish DiscoveriesEnglish Discoveriescourse, socourse, so you can refer to its content when you are away from the computer.
you can refer to its content when you are away from the computer.
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ach unit in the workbook has four sections: Listening, Reading, Speaking and Grammar.ach unit in the workbook has four sections: Listening, Reading, Speaking and Grammar. •• The ListeThe Listening secning section wiltion will help you pral help you practice yoctice your listenur listening skiling skills. A variels. A variety of genrty of genre such as voice such as voicee mail messages, radio
mail messages, radio programs and TV programs and TV video clips arvideo clips aree included.included. •
• The ReadiThe Reading sectiong section will reinfn will reinforce yoorce your understaur understanding of difnding of differeferent kinds of reant kinds of reading texding texts such asts such as postcards, ads, stories and newspaper articles.
postcards, ads, stories and newspaper articles. •
• The SpeakThe Speaking sectiing section will give yoon will give you the opportuu the opportunity to practnity to practice difice differeferent speaknt speaking functing functions suchions such as ordering a meal in a restaurant, asking for directions, making suggestions, etc.
as ordering a meal in a restaurant, asking for directions, making suggestions, etc. •
• The GramThe Grammar sectmar section wilion will help you pracl help you practice the matice the main pointin points of the onlis of the online unit withne unit within the contin the contextext of the unit theme. This way you will learn
of the unit theme. This way you will learnto use grammar structures in reato use grammar structures in real-life situations.l-life situations.
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pecial emphasis has been given throughout the workbook to speaking and writing activities and youpecial emphasis has been given throughout the workbook to speaking and writing activities and you will see that you have a lot of opportunity to express yourself in both spoken and written English. will see that you have a lot of opportunity to express yourself in both spoken and written English.W
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ee hope you enjoy using hope you enjoy using this program and this program and wish you lots of wish you lots of luck!luck!The
C O N T E N T S
UNIT 1
Education . . . .7
UNIT 2
Away from Home . . . .13
UNIT 3
Celebrations . . . .19
UNIT 4
Bad Weather . . . .25
UNIT 5
Arts and Entertaiment . . . .33
UNIT 6
At Work . . . .41
UNIT 7
Sending a Package . . . .47
UNIT 8
Emergency . . . .53
APPENDIX
Explore Texts . . . .61
E D U C A T I O N
I N T E R M E D I A T E
1
U N I T
1
SPORTS
a. Do you remember who said what in the radio interview between the presenter, Duke, and the football hero, Joe Norse? Complete the table below. Use the Explore text on page 62 to help you.
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Duke Joe
Norse 1. Welcome to “Local Athletes”.
2. How does it feel to be playing on the same field as Hank “The Tank” Perry and Dick Verall?
3. Our school has always had a great history of producing famous athletes.
4. Coach Washington says that a team that is motivated is a team that wins.
5. I’m thinking mostly about passing my exams and getting my diploma.
c. A few weeks later Duke interviewed Joe Norse’s coach, Fraser Washington. Which of the questions below do you think he asked him?
1. How does it feel to be coaching Joe Norse? 2. What is your opinion of Jefferson High? 3. How are your studies going?
4. Did you coach Hank Perry and Dick Verall?
5. Do you think it’s important for a football team to be motivated? 6. Have you accepted any college offers?
d. Write the dialogue for a radio interview between Duke and Coach Washington. Use the words and phrases from a. and b. to help you.
Duke: Welcome to “Local Athletes”. Today’s guest is Coach Fraser Washington.
Coach Washington: Duke:
Coach Washington: Duke:
b. Joe Norse asked his football coach to write him a letter of recommendation to help him get into college. Complete his letter, using the words below.
attends• championship• coach• college• intelligent • mastered• motivated
The College Acceptance Committee,
I am happy to recommend Joe Norse as a student at your (1) . At present he (2) Jefferson High, where he has helped his school football team win the city
(3) for the last three years.
I have been Joe’s (4) for several years and in my opinion he has really
(5) the game of football. He is a very (6) player and an
(7) student.
Yours truly,
F. Washington
Fraser Washington, Football Coach
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COLLEGE FOR KIDS?
b. “College for Kids?” discusses formal education for pre-school children. Mark whether the statements below are For or Against formal education for pre-school children. Mark your own view in the third column. Compare your views with a partner.
For Against My View 1. Children today know more than children did years ago.
2. Children need to be children. 3. Children learn as they play.
4. Small children should be given homework assignments. 5. There should be entrance examinations for kindergarten. 6. Childhood programs should offer subjects that children do
well in naturally, like art and music.
7. Kindergartens should teach children the alphabet and basic mathematics.
a. Did you understand the text from the Reading section, “College for Kids?” Mark whether the following statements are True or False, according to what you read in the article. Use the Explore text on pages 62, 63.
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True False
1. Once, children learned to read and write in elementary school. 2. Nowadays, parents teach their children 1-2-3 and A-B-C before
they start school.
3. Today, many children must take entrance exams for kindergarten.
4. Today, some pre-school children are given homework assignments.
5. Once, children just played in kindergarten.
Dear Ms Nelson,
I belie ve m y son is read y to learn
more. I think he will enjo y his tor y and
geograph y, if the teacher make
s i t in teres ting. I would also be happ y to help m y
child wi th homework assignmen ts
. M y child pla ys af ter school, so
I wan t him to
learn formal subjec ts during sch
ool hours.
Yours trul y, Luc y Ca vendish
c. Harriet Nelson, the author of the article, “College for Kids?”, received many letters from the parents of pre-school children. Below are two of the letters she received. Which letter do you agree with? Complete the following sentence:
I agree with letter because: .
B
Dear Ms Nelson,
I belie ve m y child has learned a l
o t a t pre-school. He doesn ’ t
s tud y his tor y or geograph y and he
doesn ’ t do homework
assignmen ts. Howe ver he has learn
ed how to pla y in a group and
how to talk to o thers. He is learn
ing impor tan t skills for life.
Sincerel y, Gordon Smi th
A
d. Write your own letter to Harriet Nelson. Use the words and phrases from a., b. and c. to help you.
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a. Do you remember the dialogue, “Math Test”? Rewrite the dialogue by putting the words below in the correct order.
yesterday? / do / did / test / on / math / How / you / that
ever / the / test / was / I’ve / That / hardest / taken.
yet. / has / I / Mr. Pascal / if / them / wonder / graded / Yeah.
sure / has. / he / I’m
so / can / How / sure? / you / be
morning, / I / this / him / saw / and / all. / wasn’t / at / happy / he
MATH TEST
b. Mark whether a Teacher, or a Student or Both might ask the following questions.
c. Write a dialogue between Mr. Pascal and one of his students. Use the sentences and phrases in a. and b. to help you.
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Teacher Student Both 1. What did you think of the math test?
2. Was the material very hard?
3. Can you explain the material again?
4. Did you spend enough time preparing for the test? 5. Does this mark count towards our final grade? 6. Would you like to take the test again?
a. Complete the dialogue between two parents with the adverbs: since, yet, already, for and just . For some of the answers there is more than one correct choice.
Sue: Hi, Tim. I haven’t seen you (1) such a long time, not (2) Maria’s birthday party. How are Maria and the kids?
Tim: They’re fine. Clara has (3) started high school. What about your twins?
Sue: Oh they’re great – they’ve (4) started kindergarten.
Tim: That’s nice, are they enjoying themselves?
Sue: Well, they only started last week. But they have (5) made lots of friends. What does Clara think of high school?
Tim: Actually she hasn’t made many friends (6) and she’s finding the homework assignments really difficult.
Sue: Oh dear, I’m sure it will get better and anyway, grades and diplomas aren’t everything.
Tim: That’s true.
b. Read the dialogue with a partner.
c. Here are some more questions that Duke asked the football player, Joe Norse in his radio interview. Write the answers that Joe might have given.
1. How long have you been a student at Jefferson High?
2. Have you visited any colleges yet?
3. Have you ever met Hank “The Tank”?
4. How long have you known Coach Washington?
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE
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a. Eric tells his wife, Lydia, that he met René and that René’s wife, Christine, is homesick. Lydia phones Christine to ask how she feels. Complete their conversation with the words and
phrases below.
AWAY FROM HOME
I N T E R M E D I A T E
1
U N I T
2
FRIENDS
a short time • free time• get used to•international department miss my family • practicing his English • transfer
Lydia: Hello, this is Eric’s wife, Lydia. Our husbands spoke this morning.
Christine: Yes, of course. How nice to hear from you.
Lydia: Eric told me René is going to be working in the (1) .
Christine: That’s right. He asked for a (2) from the Paris office.
Lydia: I suppose he’s very busy.
Christine: Yes, he’s (3) and trying to (4)
life in the United States.
Lydia: Do you like living here?
Christine: Well, we’ve only been here (5) and I must say,
Lydia: Do you have a job?
Christine: No, I don’t have job yet. So I have a lot of (7) .
Lydia: Why don’t you come and have a cup of coffee with me this week?
Christine: Thank you. I’d like that.
b. Christine decides that she needs to get a job. She sees the following job ad in the newspaper and decides to apply for it. Do you think it’s a good idea for Christine to apply for this job? Why? Why not?
Wanted!
Part-time receptionist for the French
Embassy. Applicants must have a
good knowledge of French and
English and excellent telephone skills.
No previous experience required.
c. Christine meets Lydia for coffee and tells her she has decided to apply for the job. Complete the dialogue below.
Christine: Lydia, I’ve decided to get a job!
Lydia: That’s great! What kind of job?
Christine: Lydia: Christine: Lydia:
d. In class, read your dialogue to your partner.
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a. Pat Miller, the author of “Study Exchange” interviewed the exchange student, Kim Bankes, before she wrote her article. Match the questions she asked to Kim’s answers.
Kim’s Answers
a. “I don’t even feel like going home.” b. “I haven’t been homesick even once.” c. “I’ve made several new friends.” d. “Her name’s Chantal.”
e. “I hardly have an accent.”
f. “My mother phones me once a week.”
Questions
1. “Has your French improved?”
2. “How often do you speak to your parents?” 3. “Do you miss your family?”
4. “Have you made any friends?” 5. “What is your roommate’s name?”
6. “How long do you think you will stay in Paris?”
b. Write three more questions to ask Kim.
1. 2. 3.
c. With a partner, role-play the interview between Pat and Kim. Use the sentences from a. and b. to help you.
STUDY EXCHANGE
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October 12th Dear Kim,
I hope you are having a good timein Paris and aren’t feeling homesick. I expect your French is reall y
improving. Have you made an y nice friends? How is your roommate? Do you feel like coming home yet?
We all miss you here. I’ll phone you next week.
Lots of love, Mum
e. Exchange postcards with your partner.
d. Read the postcard that Kim’s mother sent her. Imagine you are Kim and write a reply. Use the words and phrases from a. to help you.
Kim Bankes International School Paris, France Dear Mum, Love, Kim Mrs, Bankes 6 South Road Glasgow, Scotland
f. Design a poster advising the Craighouse School’s exchange program. Include the following information.
• how long the program has been running • how long the program lasts
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a. Do you remember the dialogue “Enjoying Your Stay”? Here are two alternative dialogues from Practice 2. Separate the jumbled sentences to make two alternative dialogues.
Yes, I am. I love it here.
No, I’m not. Everything is so strange. Why do things seem strange?
Where have you been?
People aren’t very friendly to me.
Do you have any more family in the United States? I’m being friendly to you, aren’t I?
No. Only my cousins. But they’ve been very nice to me. Yes, you are. I’m sorry. I didn’t mean to be rude.
I have cousins in Florida. I went to visit them.
Dialogue 1
Woman:Well, Akiko, are you enjoying your stay in the U.S.?
Akiko: Woman: Akiko: Woman: Akiko: Dialogue 2
Woman:Well Akiko, are you enjoying your stay in the U.S.?
Akiko: Woman: Akiko:
Woman: Akiko:
b. Choose one of the dialogues and practice it with a partner. Take turns reading the different parts.
ENJOYING YOUR STAY
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a. Kim returns home from France at the end of the school year. She misses France a lot and especially her roommate, Chantal. Complete Kim’s postcard to Chantal with the correct form of the verb in brackets.
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
Dear Chantal,
Well, here I am at home again in Scotland. I (1) (work) hard at school. My French has improved a lot but I’ve missed a lot of material in
subjects such as mathematics and science. My mum and I
(2) (argue) a lot – she really missed me when I was in Paris but now that I’m home she wants me to study harder and go out less. She’s also not very happy about all the long-distance phone calls I (3) (make) to you in Paris!
What about you? What (4) (you/do)? Do you miss me? I hope you (5) (practice) your English so you’ll be able to speak to my friends when you come to visit this summer!
Your true friend, Kim
b. Imagine you are Chantal. Answer Kim’s letter, using the Present Perfect Progressive to write about what you have been doing at home and at school.
c. Exchange letters with a partner. Has your partner used the Present Perfect Progressive correctly?
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a. Do you remember the radio call-in program from the Listening section? Which celebrations are the people from the program talking about? Match the sentences in A to the celebrations in B. Use the Explore text on page 66.
1. It has always been a tradition to celebrate it with a fair in the park. 2. My whole family gathered for the event.
3. I consider it an honor to be an American.
4. We had a fireworks display and our annual bake sale.
a. Thanksgiving b. A Birthday Party c. Bank Holiday d. Independence Day
C E L E B R A T I O N S
I N T E R M E D I A T E
1
U N I T
3
CALL-IN
A B 31191b. Did you notice the way Doug, the radio host, answered his callers? Mark the sentences below which he used to respond to the callers.
1. It’s an honor to have you on our program. 2. This might sound unusual.
3. That sounds very English. 4. Hi Doug! This is Stella.
5. I can almost taste that apple pie.
6. Your favorite celebration really is unique.
c. Which of these sentences best describes how Doug answered his callers? In class, discuss your answer with a partner.
a. He was very rude to his callers. b. He was very friendly to his callers. c. He wasn’t interested in his callers.
d. Continue the radio call-in between Doug and another caller who also wants to talk about his/her favorite celebration. Use the words and phrases from a. and b. to help you.
Doug: Now we’re going to hear more about your favorite celebrations. Caller number five, you’re
on the air.
Caller: Hello, Doug. This is
Doug: Caller: Doug: Caller:
e. Role-play your call-in with a partner.
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a. You read about Kenji in the Reading section. Later, he wrote to his German pen pal, Hans, about celebrating Thanksgiving with his American friend, Andrew. Complete his letter with the words below.
THE FIRST THANKSGIVING
Dear Hans,
Toda y I went to m y friend Andrew ’s house for T
hanksgiving dinner.
Thanksgiving is an American holida y in ( 1 )
of the first immigrants
to the U.S. It is ( 2 ) to eat a big meal with y
our famil y on
Thanksgiving, and to eatfood that ( 3 )
the new food that the
first Americans found here. At Andrew ’s house
we had turke y with sweet potatoes
and corn bread and for ( 4 ) we ate pumpkin pie. I di
dn ’t like the
( 5 ) ver y much but the pump
kin pie was delicious!
After dinner we watched the Thanksgiving Da y
( 6 ) on television.
Ever y year one of the most ( 7 )
department stores in New York
holds a ( 8 ) parade. At the end of t
he parade we saw Santa Claus.
Andrew explained to methat Santa Claus comes
at the end of the parade to remind
children and parents that ( 9 )
isn ’t far awa y.
( 10 ) was a lot of fun – now I
’m looking forward to celebrating
m y first American Christmas. Yours,
Ken ji
Christmas • dessert• famous • giant• honor • parade• symbolizes• Thanksgiving• traditional• turkey
• When is the festival? • What does it celebrate? • How do you celebrate it? • Do you eat special foods? • Do you wear special clothes?
b. Write about your favorite festival. Answer the following questions:
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d. Practice your dialogue and then role-play it in front of the class.
a. Jean was supposed to meet Phil at a restaurant for dinner, but she arrived late. Read their conversation. Then write who is speaking – Phil or Jean.
: I’m sorry I didn’t get here on time. : It’s OK. Don’t worry about it.
: But I promised that I would not be late today.
: Really, it’s no problem. I have been enjoying myself. : Oh. What have you been doing?
: Just talking with Beth.
b. Match the phrases below with one of the phrases in italics in a.
1. I have been having a good time. 2. It doesn’t matter.
3. That’s all right. 4. I arrived late.
c. Look at this picture of a party. One of the guests has arrived late and is apologizing to the host. Why do you think she was late? Choose one of the following reasons and write a dialogue between the guest and the host. Use the words and phrases from a. and b. to help you.
1. Her car broke down.
2. She had to wait for the babysitter.
3. She had to answer an urgent phone call.
SORRY I’M LATE
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a. The article below is about a very special parade. It is called the Lord Mayor’s Show and it takes place in London. Read the article and underline the phrases that use the Passive form.
PASSIVE: WITH OR WITHOUT THE AGENT
The Lord Mayor’s show is a giant
parade that is held every year in the city
of London. Over 5,500 people attend
the parade and it is the biggest event of
its kind in the world. All the main roads
are closed for the procession, so if you
want to get close to the parade, you
have to arrive very early in the morning.
The Lord Mayor’s show has been
celebrated by the people of London
since 1215. The mayor rides through the
streets of London in a special carriage.
This carriage is made of gold and was
made for the mayor in 1751 by a local
artist. During the year the carriage can
be seen in the Museum of London.
The mayor is accompanied by lots of
people dressed in special costumes.
In the evening a fireworks display is
held on a boat on London’s River
Thames and there is dancing and music
in the streets.
THE LORD MAYOR’S SHOW
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b. Answer the following questions about the Lord Mayor’s Show. Use the Passive Voice in your answers.
1. Where is the Lord Mayor’s Show held?
2. Why do you need to arrive early if you want to get close to the parade?
3. When was the Lord Mayor’s Show first celebrated?
4. Where can the Lord Mayor’s carriage be seen during the year?
5. What is special about the firework display at the end of the show?
c. List three ways the Lord Mayor’s Show is celebrated.
1. 2. 3.
d. Underline the agent in the two sentences below. Which word comes before the agent in a passive sentence?
1. The Lord Mayor’s Show has been celebrated by the people of London since 1215. 2. This carriage is made of gold and was made for the mayor in 1751 by a local artist.
e. Write about a parade that you know about, took part in or watched. Try to answer the following questions:
• Is the parade held every year? • Are the main roads closed?
• For how many years has the parade been held? • Is anything special made for the parade?
f. Tell your partner about your parade. Are the two parades similar in any way?
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a.
a. Do you understand all the weather woDo you understand all the weather words in the Listening section? Mards in the Listening section? Match the words below totch the words below to
the correct weather icon.
the correct weather icon.
cloud
cloud •• fogfog •• frostfrost•• lightninglightning ••rainrain •• sunshinesunshine•• windwind
B A D W
B A D W
E A
E A
T H E
T H E
R
R
I N T E R M E D I A T E
I N T E R M E D I A T E
1
1
U N I T
U N I T
4
4
WEATHER
WEATHER
1 1.. 22.. 33.. 44.. 5 5.. 66.. 77.. 31251 31251b.
b. Will Tide, the announcer, gave Will Tide, the announcer, gave another radio weather report a few days lateranother radio weather report a few days later. Read his report. Read his report
and underline the sentences which DO
and underline the sentences which DO NOT belong.NOT belong.
G
G
ood morning, listeners. The warm weather we have beenood morning, listeners. The warm weather we have been enjoying will come to an end tonight. Don’t worry; I have a enjoying will come to an end tonight. Don’t worry; I have a good recipe for thick soup. According to national weather good recipe for thick soup. According to national weather reports, stormy weather should reacreports, stormy weather should reach our area by 6 o’clock this evening. h our area by 6 o’clock this evening. YYouou should make sure you bring a swimming costume. Temperatures will drop by should make sure you bring a swimming costume. Temperatures will drop by this afternoon and will remain below average during tomorrow and the following this afternoon and will remain below average during tomorrow and the following day. There’s a chance of strong winds in high places. The weekend is expected day. There’s a chance of strong winds in high places. The weekend is expected to be particularly cold and frosty but with little chance of rain. Albany Stores are to be particularly cold and frosty but with little chance of rain. Albany Stores are offering umbrellas at really cheap prices.
offering umbrellas at really cheap prices.
That’s all from the weather room right now. Make sure you all keep warm and That’s all from the weather room right now. Make sure you all keep warm and dry over the next few days!
dry over the next few days!
c.
c. Complete the following weather report for your Complete the following weather report for your country. Use country. Use the words and the words and phrases fromphrases from a. a.
and
and b. b. to help you.to help you.
Good
Good evening, evening, listeners. listeners. The The we we have have been been enjoying enjoying will will come come to to an an endend tonight.
tonight. should should reach reach our our area area by by .. T
Temperatemperatures ures will will ..
According to national weather reports,
According to national weather reports, ..
There
There is is a a chance chance of of ..
The
The weekend weekend is is expected expected to to be be .. That’
That’s s all all from from the the weather weather room. room. So So for for now now make make sure sure ..
d.
d. Exchange weathExchange weather reports with a partner. If you have a er reports with a partner. If you have a cassette recorder, record cassette recorder, record your reportyour report
and play it to the class.
and play it to the class.
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a.
a. Match the adjectiveMatch the adjectives below to the difs below to the different kinds oferent kinds of weatherf weather. Some of the adject. Some of the adjectives can beives can be
used more than once. Use the Explore text on page 67 to help you.
used more than once. Use the Explore text on page 67 to help you.
WEATHER WARNING
WEATHER WARNING
b.
b. The following sentenThe following sentences are all advice ces are all advice from a warning for bad weatherfrom a warning for bad weather. Number the advice in. Number the advice in
order of importance.
order of importance.
wind
wind
Advice for bad
Advice for bad
weather
weather
a.a. Put away Put away children’children’s bikes, s bikes, garden cgarden chairs, portable hairs, portable barbeques, etc.barbeques, etc. b.
b. PeoplPeople shoule should park thed park their cars oir cars on high grn high ground.ound. c.
c. Check thaCheck that you have blanket you have blankets and warm clotts and warm clothes in case the heathes in case the heating failsing fails.. d.
d. Make suMake sure you havre you haven’t leen’t left your wasft your washing outhing outside.side. e.
e. Have flaHave flashligshlights and a portablhts and a portable radio reae radio ready in case of an electridy in case of an electricity cut.city cut. f.
f. Make Make sure sure childchildren aren and anind animals mals are are kept kept insideinside.. bright
bright •• lowlow ••warmwarm •• strongstrong••above averageabove average ••cloudycloudy••coldcold•• heavyheavy••freezingfreezing
r
raaiinn sskkiieess
sunshine
sunshine floodsfloods temperaturetemperature
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d. Write three more pieces of advice for people expecting bad weather. Share them with your partner.
1.
c. Write the sentences from b. under the pictures below.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 31281 31282
a. Do you remember the dialogue from the Speaking section? Put the dialogue in the correct order.
a. Well, if it rains we can eat inside. b. Look at those clouds!
c. Let’s just hope that it doesn’t.
d. What if it starts before the food is ready?
e. Me, too. But it sure looks like a big storm is coming. f. Oh, dear. I hope it doesn’t rain.
b. Complete the following dialogue with the sentences below. Role-play it with a partner.
• Can you take the plates and other things into the house?
• It’s starting to rain already.
• Looks like the storm is coming.
• We must be quick!
Man: Look at those clouds! (1)
Woman: Yes, you’re right. We don’t have much time to get everything inside.
(2)
Man: I’ll take the food off the barbeque right away. (3)
Woman: Of course, I can. Oh, no. (4)
BIG STORM
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c. What can you do if it suddenly begins to rain at the outdoor events shown in the pictures below? Use the following phrases to write your suggestions.
1. A Family Picnic 2. An Outdoor Wedding
3. A Football Match 4. A Day at the Beach
d. Discuss your suggestions with a partner. If it rains we can...
• stay here and get wet • go home and watch TV • hope it stops raining
• eat at home • put on raincoats
• look for a place to keep dry.
a. Complete the text below with the correct relative pronouns: which, who, where and when.
RELATIVE CLAUSES, WITH OR WITHOUT
RELATIVE PRONOUNS
The History of the Umbrella
Umbrellas were first used in ancient Egypt, Greece and China, (1) they were designed to provide shade from the sun. In fact, the word “umbrella” comes from the Latin root, “umbra”, (2) means “shadow”. It was the Chinese (3) were the first to waterproof their umbrellas in order to use them as protection against the rain.
Umbrellas became popular in Europe in the sixteenth century, (4) they were used only by women. Umbrellas began to be used by men (5) the eighteenth-century writer and traveler, James Hanway, started carrying an umbrella in public in England.
You can still buy umbrellas from the world’s first umbrella shop, “James Smith and Sons”, (6) opened in 1830 in London, England.
b. The following sentences are about the inventor of the raincoat, Charles Mackintosh. Read the sentences and join them together, using relative clauses.
1. Charles Mackintosh was a chemist. He invented the waterproof raincoat.
2. Mackintosh lived and worked in Glasgow, Scotland. The weather is often cold and rainy in Glasgow.
3. He created a substance similar to rubber. He spread the substance on clothes to make them waterproof.
4. Mackintosh made some improvements to his original design. The improvements made the clothes more practical.
5. Many people in England use raincoats. They call their raincoats “mackintoshes”.
a. What did you learn from the radio interview between Lex Benedict and the rock band in the Listening section? Mark the correct column: True, False or Not in Text (for information that you can’t find in the listening text). Use the Explore text on page 70 to help you.
A R T S A N D E N T E R TA I N M E N T
I N T E R M E D I A T E
1
U N I T
5
MUSIC
True False Not in Text 1. The name of the group that is being interviewed is “The Institute
of Music”.
2. The group plays jazz.
3. Barry Jameson teaches at State University. 4. All the members of the group are married.
5. The group’s new song is called “Don’t Test Me”.
6. The group’s first concert at State University was held a week before the radio interview.
7. The group plans to give another concert at State University.
b. Did you understand all the words in the Listening section? Match the words in A to their definitions in B.
1. a graduate a. a short rest
2. a hit b. a large building used for concerts
3. a lecture c. someone who has completed a university degree 4. the lead d. a long talk on a particular subject
5. a break e. something that is very successful or popular 6. an auditorium f. the main person in a band or group
c. Read the questions that Lex Benedict asked the rock group. Match them to the answers below.
Questions:
1. Do you all teach at State University? 2. Who had the idea to start a rock group? 3. Will you be playing at other colleges?
4. Do you want to give another concert at State University?
5. Would you like to give up your present jobs to play in the rock group full time?
Answers:
a. We’d love to give another concert at State University. b. It was John’s idea. He’s crazy about rock music.
c. None of us are thinking of giving up our present jobs at the moment. d. No, not all of us work at State University.
e. Oh, yes. We’ll be playing at lots of other places.
d. Write three more questions that Lex Benedict could ask the group. Exchange questions with a partner and have him/her answer your questions.
Questions: 1. 2. 3. A B 31341 31342 31343
a. Do you remember reading about the artist, Harry Morgan, in the Reading section? Complete this newspaper review of his exhibition with the words below.
THE GARBAGE MAN
Josh Hammond’s Art Column
CREATING NEW THINGS FROM OLD
The Plaza Art Gallery is now showing a very interesting (1) of
Harry Morgan’s “garbage art”. Harry is known as the “champion of garbage art” because he
creates (2) from the garbage he collects. Over the years he has used
a variety of (3) for his art.
He used to build (4) from
bicycle parts and broken machines! His latest work, which is being exhibited at the Plaza,
includes (5) made only
from wastepaper.
After seeing Harry Morgan’s
(6) , I can definitely say
that I’ve become a (7) of his garbage art and I recommend anyone
who has the chance to see it as soon a possible!
The Harry Morgan Exhibition is on at the Plaza Art Gallery on Fifteenth Avenue for the month of November.
The Plaza Art Gallery
is pleased to present the latest collection of
Harry Morgan – the “Garbage Artist”
The exhibition will be held during the month of November, Monday to Friday, from 10 a.m. – 3 p.m.
Come hear the artist talk about his work every Tuesday at 12 o’clock.
Entrance: Free
The Plaza Art Gallery is situated at: 41925 Fifteenth Avenue, Roxburgh
b. Read the following ad for Harry Morgan’s exhibition and write down three new facts that the ad tells you about the exhibition.
c. Read about three other artists (on page 37) who all work with garbage. Then write an ad for an exhibition for one of them. Use the words and phrases from a. and b. to help you. Remember to include the following information:
• the name of the artist whose work is being exhibited • some interesting information about the artist
• the name and address of the art gallery holding the exhibition • the dates and times of the exhibition
• the price of entrance to the exhibition 1.
2. 3.
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A.Some people may wonder why Suzie Brown searches the city streets and countryside for bicycle parts, broken machines, and even old farm equipment. That is what she creates her works of art from. With these unusual materials, Brown has produced models of incredible beauty.
B. As a student, Timothy Smith began to realize the value of creating art from the things other people throw away. His latest collection is made only from wastepaper, including empty cigarette packs, matchboxes and wrapping paper. His work teaches us to understand that there is beauty even in garbage.
C.Peggy Atkins is an artist who makes use of a variety of waste materials. That is to say, her sculptures are made of a
combination of waste metal and paper including pieces of old newspaper, wood and even glass. At 24, she is a very
young artist, but her latest work shows just how much talent she has.
d. Tell your partner about an art exhibition you went to.
• What did you see? • What did you think of it?
• Where and when did you see it? • What did others think of it?
Three New Champions of “Garbage Art”
31371
a. Do you remember the dialogue in the Speaking section? In the dialogue below a girl is inviting a boy to go out with her. Choose from the phrases in italics to complete their dialogue.
Jean: Ben, are you free tomorrow? How about coming with me to the latest exhibition at the
Wheeler Gallery / “The Phantom of the Opera” at the Rose Theater / the concert at the City Concert Hall?
Ben: Sorry, I can’t, Jean. I have an exam. / I have an appointment with the dentist. / I promised to help a friend move to a new apartment .
Jean: Perhaps we could make it next week / tomorrow / this weekend instead.
Ben: I’d like to, but I’m very busy at the moment.
b. Role-play the dialogue with a partner according to your choices.
c. Underline the phrases in the dialogue from a. that you can use for inviting or refusing an invitation. Mark which of the following phrases can be used for inviting or refusing an invitation.
Inviting Refusing 1. How about going to an art exhibition?
2. Perhaps we could make it another time. 3. Can you come to the ballet tomorrow? 4. Sorry. I can’t.
5. Are you free for a movie? 6. I’m afraid it’s not possible. 7. Would you like to see a play? 8. Oh, dear. I won’t be able to.
d. Imagine your friend wants to invite you out, but you have to refuse the invitation. Use the phrases from a. and b. to write a dialogue between you and your friend.
PICASSO EXHIBIT
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a. Read these sentences from the Arts Page of a newspaper. Match each sentence to the appropriate picture.
PASSIVE: INDIRECT FORM
1. Last week, the actress Mary Reed was presented with a Golden Globe award for life-long
achievement.
2. John Quill has been promised a one-man exhibition of his sculptures at the New Arts Gallery.
3. A group of photography students has been given the opportunity to show their work at the railway station in town.
4. Pop star Mick Starlight, who is recovering in hospital, was sent cards and flowers by his fans. 5. Dancers Sarah Hill and Anthony Elliot were paid
$100,000 to appear in a special ballet performance in Paris last week.
a.
b.
c.
d. e.
b. Read about Rowena Richard, an artist who sculpts in wood. Circle the correct form of the verb to complete the text.
R
owena Richard is an eighty-year-old artist who works with wood. She (1) began/was begun creating works of art at the age of sixty. One day, she looked out of her window and saw a log of wood which (2) left/had been left on the sidewalk. She got the idea to make it into a sculpture. She (3) told/was told that her first work showedexceptional talent so she decided to continue sculpting in wood. One day she (4) offered/was offered an exhibition at her local museum. The exhibition was a great success and since then she
(5) has given/ has been given the opportunity to (6) exhibit/ be exhibited her work all over the country. Her work is now
very famous and she (7) pays/is paid a lot of money for her sculptures.
c. Write an interview with Rowena Richard based on the information given in a. Try to use expressions such as:
• I was / have been given the chance … • I was / have been asked to …
• I was / have been promised … • I was / have been sent …
Interviewer: So, Rowena. How did you start creating works of art?
Rowena: Well, I was sixty years old and one day I
Interviewer: Rowena: Interviewer:
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a. Do you remember the interview in the Listening section? Read the job ad that Karen cut out from the newspaper and answer the questions that f ollow.
A T
W O R K
I N T E R M E D I A T E
2
U N I T
6
INTERVIEW
Ad agency requires
copywriter
for new client in the food business.
The applicant should have at least 2 years’ experience in the advertising business, including copywriting. Experience working with clients is an advantage.
Bingham Advertising
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Which word is used in the ad for:
1. a person who writes the text in an ad?
2. a person or company that uses the services of another person or company? 3. knowledge and skill gained by doing something?
4. a person applying for a job?
5. a summary of a person’s working history?
b. Read the resume that Karen sent to Bob Johnson. Decide on the heading for each piece of information. Use the headings provided below.
Address• Computer Skills •Education• email • Interests Languages• Name• Phone Number• Work Experience
RESUME
1 : Karen Sommers
2 : 1897 East Fifty-first Street, Johnstown, NJ, 39086
3 : (69) 570 4929
5 : (1992-1996) Graduated Rockwell High School (1998-2000) Graduated State College, Business Studies
(2003) Fordham College, Copywriting Courses 6 : (2002-2004) Kenyon-Barnett Advertising Co.
Junior Copywriter
Secretary, Marketing Dept. Receptionist (2001) Garnett King Advertising
Temporary Secretary
(2000) Boundwell Advertising Agency Temporary Secretary
7 : Microsoft Office, familiar with the Internet
8 : Conversational Spanish
a. The company you read about in the Reading section also has a new Human Resource Officer. Read the notice that the company posted on its notice board, telling them about the Human Resource Officer’s services. Complete the notice with the phrases below.
• ask for a transfer to another department
• moving to another office abroad
•make an intelligent decision
• need a change of job
• think you qualify for a raise or promotion
OVERTIME
Notice to all colleagues!
We have a new Human Resource Officer. Do you think you
(1) but want to remain in the
company? (2) Do you want to ?
Do you (3) ?
Does our International Department attract you?
Are you interested in (4) ?
Then make an appointment with our friendly new Human Resource Officer.
She can help you (5) about your future.
b. Read three notes sent by employees of the company. Which ones were sent to the new accountant and which to the Human Resource Officer? Fill in the name in the “To:” line. To:
From: George Barnet Sent: 3/2/
I work in the marketing department but I think that my talents and experience can be put to better use in a different department. I want to know if it’s possible to transfer to the sales department. Please let me know when I can come and talk to you about this.
To:
From: Harry Cooper Sent: 6/3/
I work in the Shipping Department. In my work I have to know all the laws and regulations about sending goods all over the world. I would like to transfer abroad for about a year or two, using my present work experience. I would like to make an appointment to come and see you.
To:
From: Sylvia Stone Sent: 8/5/
I work in the Production Department. There have been a lot of new orders and I have been working a lot of overtime recently. I am afraid I will have to pay a lot of what I have earned in income tax, so I would like to know if I can save tax in any way. May I come and talk to you some time, perhaps during my lunch break?
Subject: Request for an appointment
d. Read your reply to your partner.
a. A couple in a woman’s clothing store are deciding whether or not to buy a shirt. Rewrite their conversation by putting the words in the correct order.
Woman: this shirt / What / think / you / of / do
?
Man: too colorful / it / a little / Isn’t
?
Woman: so. / I / don’t / think / wear / like these / executives / A lot of / shirts
. .
Man: made / it / is / What / of
?
Woman: cotton / One hundred percent / it / from Italy / comes / and
.
Man: OK. / buy / Let’s / it
.
b. Create your own dialogue from the choices given below.
- What do you think of this suit / shirt / hat / jacket ? - Isn’t the color a little bright / loud / dull?
- I don’t think so. A lot of fashionable / successful / business people are wearing colors like these nowadays.
- What is it made of?
- One hundred percent silk / wool / cotton / linen and it comes from Paris / Rome / London / New York .
- OK. Let’s buy it.
c. Role-play your dialogue with a partner.
FRENCH TIE
31451
a. Read Bob Johnson’s email to a friend. Circle the correct form of the verb.
PRESENT PERFECT: CONTRAST WITH
OTHER TENSES
From: Bob Johnson <[email protected]> Date: 10/7/04 13:34
To: Dick Anders
Subject: Time for a change
Dear Dick,
I’m going to be 35 next week and I think it’s time for a change. I (1) enough of my job. I (2) the same thing for too long. It’s been almost seven years since I first (3) work at Bingham Advertising. I know I (4) have been pro
last year and I (5) a lot of extra responsibility at that time, but I think I (6)
I (7) my mind to buy a jeep and travel. I (8)
on India or South America yet, but I know I’ll be happy doing that, at least for the time being. Bob
From: Dick Anders <[email protected]> Date: 1/7/04
To: Bob Johnson
Subject: Time for a change
Dear Bob,
Are you sure you (1) (want) to leave Bingham Advertising? After all, you (2) (work) there for a long time and (3) (gain) a lot of experience. You (4) (put in) too many hours of overtime, just to give it all up now. I remember how you (5) (use) to love the advertising business. You (6) (tell) me you would never give it up. There’s just one thing. If
b. Read Dick Ander’s reply. Write the correct form of the verb in brackets.
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31462
havehad/had
havebeendoing/wasdoing
havestarted/started
moted/
waspromoted wasgiven/havebeengiven
havemadeup/madeup
havehad/had
enough ofthe advertising business. It’s time to move on.haven’tdecided/didn’tdecide
a. Do you remember Deidre from the Listening section? Later, she called her mother-in-law back and left the following voice mail message. Read the message and complete it with the phrases below.
I’ll leave this message • you had it specially wrapped• you haven’t heard from me parcel of clothes you sent
Thanks for your call, Irene. I’m sorry (1) , but you know how the baby keeps me busy. I guess you’re not home right now so
(2) . The (3) arrived safely
and as (4) , the baby had great fun opening it by himself. The clothes are beautiful and I’m going to try them on him right now. I’ll catch you later. Bye.
b. When Deidre tried the clothes on her baby, she saw that they were too small for him. What should she do? Discuss your answer with a partner.
Deidre should .
SENDING A PACKAGE
I N T E R M E D I A T E
2
U N I T
7
FAMILY
31471 31472c. Deidre received some more voice mail messages on her answering machine. When she phoned the people back, she had to leave voice mail messages herself. Match Deidre’s messages with the replies that she gave.
a. This is a message for Mrs. Deidre Thomas from the Little Bookworm Children’s Bookshop. The baby books you ordered have arrived. Would you like us to bill you and send them on – or do you prefer to come in to the shop and pick them up yourself?
c. Hello, Deidre? It’s your Mum speaking. I’ve sent you a package containing some toys for the baby and some clothes for you. Let me know when you get it and if you like the presents. You can always send them back to the shop and change them if you don’t like anything. Talk to you soon.
Deidre’s Messages
b. Hi Deidre. This is Mrs. Rodriguez, your neighbor from upstairs. A parcel of baby
clothes arrived for you when you were out this morning. The delivery man asked me to sign for the package. You can come up and collect it any time today, but not
tomorrow because I’m going out for the day.
Deidre’s Replies
1. Hi, it’s Deidre from downstairs. Thanks so much for taking my parcel. I’ll come by later today to take it from you – if that’s convenient.
2. This is Mrs. Thomas speaking. I’m glad the books I ordered have finally arrived. I’ll pop into the shop sometime this week to get them, so don’t bother sending them on to me.
3. Mum, I haven’t received anything yet. When did you send the parcel? I hope it hasn’t got lost in the post. We’re in this evening, so try to give me a call so we can talk. Bye for now.
a. Did you understand the instructions for sending a package in the Reading section? Here are some post office instructions for preparing packages before you send them. Read the
instructions and then write the headings from the next page above the correct paragraphs.
SENDING A PACKAGE
SIMPLE STEPS FOR PREPARING A PACKAGE
(1)
If the object you are sending could be easily damaged, it should be packed in a box. Choose a box with enough room for cushioning material around the contents. If you are reusing an old box, make sure that you cover all the previous labels and addresses with heavy black pen or sticky labels. It is also a good idea to include a label inside the box with the address where your parcel is to be sent .
(2)
Soft material should be placed all around the object to be sent. You can use old newspaper, packing paper or bubble wrap. Close and shake the box to see if you have enough cushioning. If you hear the object moving, you need to add some more cushioning.
(3)
The box should be sealed with 2-inch-wide (5 cm) adhesive tape. You should use special packing tape, which is stronger than regular tape. Don’t use string because it can get caught in the machines that the post office uses for processing the mail.
(4)
Write clearly on the front of the package the complete name and address of the person to whom you are sending the package. On the back you should write your own name and address, in case the
package gets lost . You should always try to include the correct postal code.
(5)
If you know how much your package weighs and you have the correct number of stamps, it can be dropped into a post office collection box. If your package contains something valuable, it should be sent registered mail so that you have a record if your parcel doesn’t arrive. To send a parcel registered mail, you must take it to the post office and fill out a special form.
Headings
a. Sealing the Package b. Cushioning the Contents c. Writing the Address d. Using a Box
e. Bringing the Package to the Post Office
b. Match the words and phrases below with words and phrases in italics from the text.
1. parcel 2. sticky 3. doesn’t arrive 4. advisable 5. complete 6. delivered 7. postage 8. wrapping paper
c. Match the different kinds of postal services to their definitions.
express mail• registered mail• regular airmail • surface mail
1. This is the slowest kind of delivery, but it is also the cheapest. 2. This is most popular way to send mail.
3. If you want to send a package or a letter quickly, you should use this service.
4. If you are sending something important and want to be sure it won’t get lost, it is a good idea to use this service.
d. Close your book and practice giving your partner instructions on preparing and sending a package.
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31503 31502
a. Do you remember the dialogue, “Airmail to Tokyo”? Use the choices in italics to complete the dialogue between a post-office clerk and someone who is sending a package.
Customer: I’d like to send this package airmail / surface mail / special delivery to Madrid / Bangalore / Sydney .
Clerk: Sure. Let’s see. It weighs 15 pounds / 10 pounds / 5 pounds. That’s $30 / $15 / $4.50.
Customer: Sorry. How much did you say?
Clerk: $30 / $15 / $4.50, Ma’am / Sir.
Customer: How long will it take to get there?
Clerk: It’ll be there in about twenty / ten / two days.
b. Role-play your dialogue with a partner. Take turns to be the customer and the clerk.
c. Mark which of the following sentences a post-office clerk would say and which a customer would say.
Customer Clerk 1. How much does it cost to send this special delivery?
2. This package should be better wrapped. 3. Would you like to send this registered mail? 4. Will this parcel arrive by the weekend? 5. That will be six dollars, ninety-five.
6. I’d like some stamps and an extra-large envelope, please. 7. Shall I weigh that for you?
d. Write a dialogue between a customer and a post-office clerk. Use the words and phrases from a. and c. to help you.
Customer: Clerk: Customer: Clerk: Customer: Clerk:
AIRMAIL TO TOKYO
31511 31512 31513b. Match the beginning of the instructions in A with the end of the instruction in B. A
1. If you don’t wrap your parcel properly, 2. If you don’t put the correct postal code, 3. If you want your parcel to arrive quickly, 4. If you have a heavy package,
5. If you want to make sure that your package arrives,
B
a. it will have to be weighed at the post office. b. it could be damaged.
c. it must be sent by registered mail. d. it should be sent express.
e. your parcel might be sent to the wrong address.
c. Write four more instructions for sending a package. Use the information you have learned from this unit. Include passive modals in your instructions.
1. 2.
a. Read the following instructions from the post office about reporting a lost package. Underline the modals in the Passive Voice.
PASSIVE VOICE: MODALS
Reporting a Lost Package
1. If a package is lost or damaged you must report it immediately.
2. The post office should be informed in writing of the non-delivery of the package. 3. You will be notified as soon as the package is found.
4. If your package has been lost or damaged, you can apply for compensation. 5. Insurance claim forms can be obtained from the post office.
6. You must attach a letter or statement from the person who was supposed to receive the letter. 7. Evidence, such as a sales receipt, should also be provided, in order to prove the value of your
parcel.
8. If your claim is properly completed, it will be paid within 30 days.
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E M E R G E N C Y
I N T E R M E D I A T E
2
U N I T
8
EMERGENCY
a. In the Listening section, Mary left John a message about a road accident. Later on, John phones Mary back and talks to her. Use the words below to complete their conversation.
accident•ambulance•bridge •broken • crossed• emergency room nowhere • rushed• scared• side • speeding
John: Mary. Is that you? It’s John. How are you?
Mary:Oh, John. It’s good to hear from you. I think we were very lucky. As I told you in my message,
Mike and I were traveling over that (1) on Route 6 when a big truck came (2) towards us. Imagine how we felt when it (3) over on to our (4) of the road.
John: You must have been so (5) .
Mary:Oh, I was! There was (6) for us to go. We couldn’t do anything to prevent the
(7) . The truck just crashed into the side of our car. Someone stopped at once and called an (8) and they (9) us to the hospital.
John: Are you still in the (10) ? Can I come and take you home?
Mary: Oh, yes, please. That would be great. Mike’s being kept in the hospital with a (11) leg, but I can’t wait to get home.
b. Check your answers to a. with a partner and then role-play the dialogue.
c. Below is a police report of Mary’s accident. Complete the report with the details from a.
ACCIDENT REPORT
Case Number:34675
Reporting Officer: Foster Jones
Road on which accident occurred: (1) Date and time:5/1, 16.45
First Driver: (2) Wilkins 2587 Southern Drive, L.A. 870
Tel: 907 5830
Type of vehicle: private car
Witness: (3) Wilkins
2587 Southern Drive, L.A. 870
Tel:907 5830
Second Driver:Tom Crouch 3436 Lakeland Way, L.A. 896
Tel:907 6744
Type of vehicle: (4) Injuries: (5)
Description of accident: (6)
e. Imagine you are the police officer who interviewed Mary after the accident. Which of the following questions do you think the police officer asked her in order to complete the report? Add three more questions of your own.
1. What is your name and address? 2. Was anyone hurt?
3. Can I take you to the hospital? 4. Where did the accident take place?
5. Can you tell me how the accident happened? 6. Were you scared?
7. 8. 9.
f. Write the conversation between Mary and the police officer. Police officer: Mary: Police officer: Mary: Police officer: Mary: Police officer:
g. Role-play your dialogue with a partner.
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Yesterday, a very special delivery took place in an ambulance. Jonas Matthews, a medical student, doing ambulance service, delivered his first baby. “My wife was due to have her baby any time, but when we went for a ride through the park, I wasn’t
prepared for the fact that the car might run out of
gas,”said(1) .
“At least we had a car phone and my husband could call an ambulance for help,” added
(2) .
“I knew that the baby was on its way,” said
(3) , “so I tried to
get to the hospital as quickly as possible. However, there wasn’t enough time.”
“I have never delivered a baby before,” admitted
(4) ,whowason
ambulance duty, “but I’m very pleased that my first delivery was in an ambulance!”
After the baby was born, the ambulance arrived at the hospital, where doctors checked the mother and baby, who are doing well.
MARGE HAS A BABY
SPECIAL DELIVERY IN AMBULANCE
a. Do you remember the story in the Reading section about Marge? Her baby was born in an ambulance on the way to the hospital. Read the report of her experience as it was written in the local newspaper. Complete the report with the names of the people involved.
Marge Winters • Alex Winters (Marge’s husband)• Thomas Brown (the driver of the ambulance) Jonas Matthews (a medical student doing ambulance service)
b. After taking Marge to the hospital, the ambulance was called to the scene of a road accident. Match the sentences in the ambulance report to the pictures below.
c. Write a short newspaper report of the accident as shown in b. Give your report a headline and include quotations from the people involved.
(headline)
Yesterday there was a serious accident on .
“ ,” said Fred Smith, the ambulance driver who was called to the accident.
The accident happened because .
“ ,” said Jim Cook, the motorcyclist who was injured.
Both drivers were taken to .
“ ,” said the doctor who treated them.
d. Exchange your report with a partner. Read your report to the class.
Ambulance Report:
1. On arriving at the scene of
the accident at 7:55 a.m., we
saw that both a motorcycle
and a car were involved.
2. The first thing we did was to
check the two drivers.
3. We put the motorcyclist into
the ambulance and got ready
to take him to the
emergency room.
4. Before we drove to the
hospital, we called for a
second ambulance to take
the driver of the car to the
emergency room.
5. We arrived at the
Emergency Room at 8:25 a.m.
b c e d a 31571 31572
a
b c
a. Read what some people say about different obligations. Match what each person says to the appropriate pictures below. Then write what the other person in the picture says in reply.
1. “I’m supposed to be on duty at the police station in an hour.” 2. “You’re supposed to signal when you turn left.”
3. “Where’s the ambulance? It’s supposed to be here by now.” 4. “Slow down! You’re not supposed to go over the speed limit!”
5. “I thought you were supposed to fill up with gas on the way home from work.”
I HAVE TO GO
a. Put the following sentences in the correct order.
1. how / accident / the / me / can / tell / happened / you /
? 2. driving / who / see / you / did / was / car / the / other /
? 3. do / any / why / you / speeding / have / was / idea / he /
? 4. you / morning / remember / your / house / when / left / you / do / this /
? 5. corner / know / the / signaled / turned / he / before / you / do / if / he /
? 6. wonder / whether / services / the / informed / been / have / emergency / I /
.
b. Complete the following sentences with the words below and match them to the questions from a.
because• if • that•when • who• how
1. I have no idea the accident happened.
2. I think the accident happened the truck moved to the other side of the road. 3. I don’t know anyone has called an ambulance, but I know that the police are on
their way.
4. I expect he was in a hurry to get home.
5. I didn’t see was driving the car. It all happened so fast. 6. I don’t really remember I left home this morning.
NOUN AND ADVERBIAL CLAUSES
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c. Complete the following sentences.
1. I was driving over the new bridge when .
2. As soon as I saw the motorcycle coming towards me, I .
3. I waited at the scene of the accident until .
4. While the police officer was taking notes, I .
5. The driver was traveling over the speed limit because .
6. The police officer called an ambulance so that .
7. The paramedic decided to take the driver to the hospital although .
8. I’ll only buy you a bicycle if .
d. Imagine you are a witness at the scene of the car accident shown in the picture below. Write a dialogue between yourself and the police officer who is called to the scene. Use the words and phrases from a., b. and c. to help you. Role-play your dialogue with a partner.
Police officer: Witness: Police officer: Witness: Police officer: Witness: 31601 31602
E X P L O R E T E X T S
I N T E R M E D I A T E
1
A p p e n d i x
UNIT 1
EDUCATION
Sports
Duke: Welcome to “Local Athletes”. Today's guest is Joe Norse, a secondary school student who has helped his football team win the city championship for the last three years. I myself have seen Joe play, and let me tell you, he has really mastered the game of football. Joe, your school, Jefferson High, has been attended by some of the greatest football players ever. Hank “The Tank” Perry and Dick Verall both graduated from Jefferson. How does it feel to be playing on the same field as those great players? Joe: Well, Duke, it motivates me, for sure. Our school has always had a great history of
producing famous athletes.
Duke: Your coach, Fraser Washington, always says: “A team that is motivated is a team that wins.” Do you agree?
Joe: Yes, I do. It's a fact that even a team with lots of great players can lose if there is no motivation to win.
Duke: Joe, I understand you've already been invited to visit several colleges that are interested in you. Have you accepted any offers yet?
Joe: No, not yet, Duke. Right now I'm thinking mostly about passing my exams and getting my diploma.
Duke: Well, you've made an intelligent decision. Good luck, Joe. Joe: Thanks, Duke.
College for Kids? by Harriet Nelson
Pre-school education is changing. Once, elementary school was the place to learn 1-2-3 and A-B-C. But today, highly motivated parents have begun teaching these basics to their children before they start school. Kindergarten has now become a mini-college, where geography, history, and even
Eleanor Idle, of the New School Institute, doesn't agree. “Children need to be children. They learn as they play. They don't need formal education this early. It just isn't normal. Soon they'll be given entrance exams for kindergarten. Very young children shouldn't spend their time worrying about grades and diplomas!”
Dr. Idle believes that if there is already so much competition in kindergarten, there is no limit to how much there will be in high school. “We don't need to make it any harder on students than it already is,” she says. “After all, there were still many college graduates when playing was all children did in kindergarten.”
Many people who agree with Idle say that early childhood programs should offer subjects that
children enjoy and do well in naturally, like art, music, science, and gym. After all, learning should be child's play.
Math Test
- How did you do on that math test yesterday? - That was the hardest test I've ever taken.
- Yeah. I wonder if Mr. Pascal has graded them yet. - I'm sure he has.
- How can you be so sure?
- I saw him this morning, and he wasn't happy at all.
Present Perfect: Statements Q and A
- Here we are at the Indy 500 with Mike Rhodes. Mike, have you ever driven in an Indy race? - No, I haven't. But I've been a race driver in Europe for ten years.
UNIT 2
A W AY F R O M H O M E
Friends
Eric: Salut! René: Cheers.
Eric: So what brought you to the States?
René: I was working in the Paris office. I had been there five years, and I felt I needed a change. I had learned there everything I could. So, I asked for a transfer to the international
department, and here I am.
Eric: What kind of work have you been doing?
René: Lately, I've been practicing my English and trying to get used to this life in the United States. That's what I've been doing.
Eric: So, how do you and your wife like living here?
René: Very nice, but we've only been here a short while, really. My wife misses her family. Eric: She gets homesick?
René: Yes, she gets homesick. She's alone all day, you know. I work, I keep busy. But she's here by herself. I think she has too much free time. She's been calling her family almost every day in France. And calling long-distance can be very expensive, and I'm not sure it helps very much...
