1.
Entrance bits
2. Which is called the age of trilobites cambrian 3. Straight hinge line is present in productus 4. Suture lines are common is brachiopods 5. Pectin belongs to the phylum mollusca 6. Sinistral coiling is exhibited by physa 7. Peristome is present in eechinoids 8. Graptolites belong to dibranchiate
9. Fossils are best preserved in marine environment 10. Plant fossil in which mid rib is absent gangamopteris 11. Medusoid form belongs to colenterata
12. Glabella is present in calymene
13. Which is an upper gondwana flora ptillophyllum 14. Water vascular system is present in micraster 15. The strike of the eastern ghats is nw-se 16. Pleistocene is called great ice age
17. Champion gneiss belongs to which system dharwar
18. In cuddapah system highest degree of metamorphism is shown by nallamalai 19. Muth quartzites belong to devonnian
20. The equivalent of vindhyan system is kaladgi series 21. Period between triassic and jurasic system is called umia
22. Cenemonian transgression occurred during middle cretaceous period 23. Mammals are abundant in siwalik period
24. In rajahmundry the deccan trap sandstones are called intertrappeans 25. Salt range formations belong to which system paleozoic
26. Dinosaurs belong to jurassic period 27. Diomond bearing rock is kimberlite
28. Cavity fillings are formed by hydrothermal process 29. High rank coal is anthracite
30. Ankhaleswar oil field is in gujarat
31. Chemical composition of sphalerite is zns
32. Placer deposits are formed by mechanical concentration
34. Essential raw material for cement is lime stone 35. Corundum is an abrasive
36. Mangampeta; is famous for barites 37. Covellite is an ore of copper
38. Neyveli lignite belong to tertiary age 39. Important iron ore in india in hematite
40. Gossans indicate super gene sulphide enrichment 41. Ramgiri is known for gold
42. Ophitic texture is shown by dolomite 43. Biggest form of igneous rock batholith 44. Volcanic equivalent of syenite trachyte
45. Last mineral formed in bowens reaction series quartz 46. Dunite rock consists of olivine
47. Pillow structure are exhibited by basalt 48. Organic phosphate deposit guano
49. Rudaceious sedimentary rock with rounded grains conglomerate 50. Sandstone with coarse angular grains grit
51. An example ofevaporite deposit halite 52. Composition of marble is caco3
53. Mylonite is product of cataclastic metamorphism 54. Hypersthene granite is charnockite
55. Pyroxene present in eclogite omphasite
56. Palimpset texture belongs to metamorphic rocks 57. Basal conglomerate indicates unconformity 58. Features indicating fault plane slickensides 59. If the dip of a fault is 35 its hade is 55 60. Strain which alters form is called distortion 61. Columnar joints are seen in basalt
62. The structure in which younger rocks are surrounded by older rocks outlier 63. Graben is related to faults
64. Strike is always measured in horizontal plane 65. Heave is a component of fault
67. A fold with two hings box fold
68. Order of superposition is determined by folds 69. Drag folds are seen in sedimentary rocks 70. Dip and strike are measured by clinometer 71. V shaped contours indicate valley
72. The average specific gravity of earth is 5.5
73. Sedimentary deposits formed at river mouths are called deltas 74. U shaped valleys are formed due to glaciers
75. Circular coral reefs are called atolls
76. Earthquake waves that do not pass through liquid media are s-waves 77. Continental drift theory was proposed by wagner
78. Pedestal rock is formed by the action of wind 79. Axnite crystallizes in triclinic system
80. Normal clas of monoclinic system gypsum type 81. Which mineral exhibits schillerisastion hypersthene 82. Phlogopite belongs to micas
83. Double refraction is shown by calsite 84. The birefringence of quartz is 0.009
85. Belmnites found in the system of trichinopally 86. Calymene belongs to arthropoda
87. The age of ptyllophylum triassic
88. Gastropodas are most abundant in permean rocks 89. Ambulaera are found in echnoderma
90. The age of calceola is devonian 91. The blind trilobite is called agnostus 92. Vertibrate fossils are found in siwaliks
93. Echinodermata fossils are indicative of marine environment 94. The trilobite fauna restricted to upper paleozoic
95. Micraster belongs to the phylum echiodermata 96. The brachiopod shell is opened and closed by hinge
97. In india gold deposits are associated with rocks of archean age 98. Samarskite is an ore mineral of uranium
100. Baliadilla is famous for iron ore deposits 101. Pyrite crystallize in cubic system
102. The chemical composition of galena pbs
103. Copper deposits are found in india kethri and agnigundala 104. Neyvei is known for lignite
105. The main characteristic feature to distinguish barite and calcite specific gravity 106. Which ore is biogenic origin rock phosphate
107. Epigenetic ore deposits are formed after the source rock is formed 108. Diamonds occur in the rocks of kimberlites
109. Zincite is an ore of zinc
110. Kolar gold deposits is an example of ladden vein 111. Kerala beach sands contain monozite
112. Chemical composition of chalcopyrite is cufes2
113. Eparchaen unconformity ;separates archeans and cuddapahs 114. The age of the himalayas 80million years
115. Sullavai series belongs to lower vindhyans 116. Semiri series are the equivalent of kurnool series
117. Equivalents of cuddalore sand stone in andhra pradesh rajamundry sand stone 118. Jurassic fauna is specially rich in?
119. In cuddapah system the succession is papagni cheyair nallamalai krishna
120. The topmost series of formation of gondwanas is jabalpur and the bottom talchirs 121. Gypsum beds found in the system of vindhyans
122. The age of deccan trap upper creataceous to lower eocene 123. Most of the gondwana coal is found in damuda series 124. Inter trapean beds are found with in the deccan traps 125. Lime stone formed due to chemical precipitation 126. Granites with quartz and alkalifeldspar is called aplite 127. Ryolite is a volcanic equivalent of granite
128. Texture in which plates of augite enclose iaths of plagioclase is known as poikilitic 129. Pillow structure is normally seen in basalt
130. If a sasnd stone contain 25% feldspar arkose
131. Sedimentary rock consisting of line to coarse angular sub-angualr poorly sorted breccia 132. A volcanic breccia is called agglomerate
133. Chloritecharacterizes lowest zone of metamorphism silliminite 134. Sanddunes sand wastes and loess are aeolian deposits
135. Texture of metamorphic rock with grains of finally developed crystal form xenoblastic 136. Characteristic mineral of charnockite is hypersthene
137. Carbonotite is a metamorphic rock with caco3
138. Regeneration of magma from pre existing rock is called metasomatism 139. Discordant plutan is dyke
140. Zoning in plagioclase is due to variation in chemical composition 141. The component of net slip parallel to the dip of the fault is dip slip
142. A major unconformity is generally marked by the process of conglomerate 143. A fault in which the foot wall has gone up resulting normal fault
144. A fold in which two limbs dip at the same angle in the same direction is known isoclinical fold
145. Younger rock formation surrounded by the older rock formations is called inlier 146. Subsidiary folds on a recumbent fold ?
147. Non conformity is an unconformity in which older rocks are plutonic
148. In wrench fault the two adjacent blocks move essentially parallel to the dip of the fault
149. Geocyncline formed at adistance from craton has thick sediments with abundant volcanic rocks are called?
150. Ripple marks are undulation produced by fluid movement over sediments 151. Joints parallel to the strike of asdsociated rocks are called bedding joints 152. Mid oceanic ridge is a divergent plate boundary
153. Average depth of mohorovic discontinuity below the crust 33km 154. Angle between a fault plane and vertical plane is called hade 155. Spheroidal weathering is characteristic of granite
156. Morains are glacial deposits 157. Equitorial radius of the earth 6371 158. S- waves becomes extinct in liquids 159. Sief are formed by wind action
160. Core of earth crust consists of nickle and iron 161. The nicol prism made up of calcite
162. Mineral showing polysynthetic twinning orthoclase 163. Extinction of hornblende inclined
164. Becke test is used to determine birefringence 165. The hardness of spodumene lialsi2o6
166. Biotite is a sheet silicate
167. Aragonite is polymorph of calcite 168. Galena crystalises in cubic
169. Tetragonal pyramids are closed forms 170. Ice land spar is a variety of calcite
171. The only symmetry element present in axnite is center 172. Millers indices for trapezodedron is 211
173. In a dodecahedron the number of faces is 12
174. Aristotle lantern is an important part enchinodermata
175. Uniserial arrangement of hydrothecae is common in monograptus 176. Cardita beaumanti is an index fossil in cretaceous
177. Globigerina belongs to the following phylum forminifera 178. Glabella is an important part in trilobites
179. The fossil numulites belongs to the scaphopoda
180. The most favourable environment for the preservation of fossil is marine 181. Sinistrial type of coiling is common in physa
182. Hinge lines are present in the phylum brachiopoda
183. The trilobites fauna are restricted to period upper palaezoic 184. Markana belongs to bhilwara super group
185. The upper most stage of semri series is rhotas 186. Noric series belongs to upper tria
187. Nayveli lignite deposits are belong to tertiary
188. Eparchean unconformity separates archean frkom younger formations 189. The main source of diamond in kurnool system is banaganipalli quartzits 190. Trigonia beds occur in this series umia
191. The age of the deccan trap and inter trappean lower eocene to upper creataceous 192. The general trend of aravallis are north east-south west
193. Products shale is found in haimantha system
194. Best example of magmatic segregation is chromite deposits
195. In the cavity filled deposition, the ore is built up in successive layers called crustification 196. Hydrothermal deposits are classified by lindgren
197. Which ;is the most important magnesite deposits are associated with chalk hills 198. Transposition of chromium is feocr2o3
199. The placer deposits are alluvial,lacustrine, marine 200. Chief soufce of mica is pegmatite
201. In india richest deposits of oil belongs to tertiary age
202. In singhbhum copper belt sulphide minerals are associated with soda granite
203. According to the mode of formation the deposits of platinum, chromium and nickel are magmatic deposits
204. Diomond in kimber lite and corrundum in nepheline syenite aare good examples of dissemination
205. When the masses of country rocks are enclosed within thefissure vein deposits, they are known as horses
206. The sequence of encountering of oil in a drill well gas-oil-water 207. Uranium deposits of jaduguda are of magmatic origin
208. Monazite is produced most abundantly kerala
209. Gandhmardhan mine of orissa is associated with bauxite
210. Pb and cu in agnigundala is confined to the rocks of upper protero zoic 211. Among the following which isnot a vein deposit iron of kudremukh 212. In ahdhra pradesh mica occurs in nellore destrict
213. Abrasive mineral corrundum
214. The dominant mineral syenite potash felds par 215. Ophtic texture is exhibited by dolerite
216. What type of rock is arkose sedimentary
217. The volcanic equivalent of granodiorite is dacite 218. Myrmekite is an intergrowth of quartz and plagioclase 219. Granulite texture is shown by eclogite
220. The percentage of sio2 in granite generally varies between 60 to 70 221. Magmas are usually composed of crystals, liquids and gases
222. An intrusive equivalent of basalt is gabbro 223. Bowen associated with reaction principle 224. Sediment formed by ice is called glacial 225. An example of evaporite is gypsum 226. What is bauxite residual deposit
227. The most stable mineral in soils and sediments quartz
228. A sedimentological feature ofshallow water deposition ripple marks 229. An example of clastic rock is sand stone
230. Metamorphism of arenaceous rocks quartzite
231. Ecologite forms under conditions of high temperature 232. The texture of lamprophyre is panidiomorphic
233. In congruent melting is associated with the formation of plagioclase 234. The upper block in a fault is called hanging wall
235. A surface of erosion or non deposition is called unconformity 236. In assymetrical fold the axial surface is inclined
237. When the strain is proportional to stress it obeys hook’s law 238. The pressure acting equally on all sides of solids is confining 239. Dilation is caused by change in volume only
240. An anticline is a fold that is convex upward with older rocks in the centre 241. A thrust fault is one along which the hanging wall moves relative to foot wall
242. The diagram below shows the direction in which force acts and the force is known as tension 243. The dip of a stratum is the angle between the beddig and horizontal plane, measured in a
vertical plane
244. Stalagmites are formed in limestone
245. Mohorovisc discontinuity separates crust and mantle 246. Boulder clay is formed due to the action of glaciers 247. Ox-bow lakes are formed in this stage of the river mature 248. The biggest planet of the solar system is jupiter
249. Dreik anter rocks are fomed by wind
250. A super continent which was existed before continental drift was pangaea 251. The symbol of octahedron is 111
252. Notation of a1=a2=/(alfa=beta=gama=90) used for tetragonal system 253. Goniometer is an instrument is to measure in a crystal the interfacial angle 254. In monoclinic system the faces 100 and 001 are at an angle
255. Class4/m 2/m 2/m is known as zircon type
256. Topaz belongs to the ctrystal system orthorhanbic 257. Piezo electric property is exhibited by mineral quartz 258. Polysynthetic twinning is exhibited by plagioclase
259. Percussion figures are exhibited by mica
260. The crystal system having isotropic substances is cubic 261. The chemical composition of nephelene is na al sio4 262. Olivine alters to serpentine
263. Mineral having hardness 6 in mor scale orthoclase
264. Who among the following is considered as the father of invertebrate palaeontology lamark 265. The first vertebrates appeared during devonian
266. The trilobite fauna are restricted to lower paleozoic 267. Gastropods exhibit assymmetry
268. Which of the following gastropods consists of numerous spines and exhibit sinistral type of coiling physa
269. In lammelli branchia pallial sinus is always towards the posterior end 270. The typical ammonite of the paleozoic was goniatites
271. The shape of the valves of the articulata are biconvex 272. Vertibraria indica is the stem of glossopteris
273. The ramapithecus was discovered by g.e.lewis
274. The hippariqan fauna were developed during pliocene 275. The earliest evidence of elephants was reported from africa 276. The cuddapah basin is concavo convex
277. The most common rock of the vindhyan super group are sandstone 278. The rocks belonging to gondwana are fluviatile origin
279. In the creataceous succession of the cauvery basin,dinosaurian bones are characteristically present in the rocks of ?
280. The type of area of sauser group chindwara
281. Which of the following represent the correct order of cyclic sedimentation of in the gondwanas coal shale sand stone
282. The main boundary fault separates siwaliks and tertiaries
283. In india the triassic system of rock is found as marine transgressed facies 284. Deccan traps show maximum thickness in the west
285. Eparchean unconformity is found below precambrians
286. The youngest succession of rocks in the kutch basin is known as bhuj formation 287. The stratigraphic position of umaria marine bed is post talchir and pre damuda
india
289. Khetri is known for copper
290. Kudramukh in karnataka is famous for magnetite deposits 291. Samrskite is an ore mineral of uranium
292. The gypsum deposits of tiruchinapalle are of createceous age 293. Orpiment is chemically represented as as2s3
294. The structure of bombat high is ?
295. Graphite of workable quantities can be extracted from khondalites
296. In the zawar area of rajasthan the minealisation took place in the rocks belonging to aravalli system
297. Malachite is an ore mineral of copper
298. Kothagudem of khammam district is famous for coal
299. The chromite deposits of andhra pradesh are associated with peridotites 300. Cassitterite is an important ore mineral of tin
301. Neyveli is known for lignite
302. In andhra pradesh gold bearing formations occur at ramgairi 303. Placer deposits are formed due to mechanical concentration
304. In a continuous reaction series there is a continuous change in composition only 305. Which of the following is an example of discordant igneous intrusive chonolith
306. The process of crystallisation in a binary magma of eutectic proportions takes place in two stages
307. Which of the following volcanic rocks contain highest percentage of silica rhyolites 308. The myrmekite texture is an intergrowth between plagioclase and vermicular quartz 309. The komatites have a high concentration of fe
310. The norm or cipw classification is essentially a chemical classification 311. Arkose is derived from the disintegration of granite
312. Bog iron ore is iron carbonate
313. Which of the following is a measure of the symmetry kof the distribution of grains? 314. Marl is clay rock which contains caco3+mgco3
315. Which of the following is richest in polymetallic modules atlantic ocean 316. Which of the following is stress mineral kyanite
317. The zone concept of metomorphism is proposed by eskola
granulated material is termed as ?
319. Palyngenesis is shown to start at a temperature of about 800 c 320. The most common accessory mineral eclogite is sphene
321. When shales are subjected to thermal metamorpshism, the products formed are hormfelses 322. The garnet ;sillimanite schists of the eastern ghats better known as the khondalites are the
characteristic rocks of granulite facies
323. Gneissic rocks that are metamorphosed sediments are described as paragneisses
324. A fold which is convex upwards and having younger rocks in its core may be described as synform
325. In which of the folds the limbs dip towards each other synclinal fan folds 326. In a wrench fault the two adjacent blocks are essentially inclined
327. Cross joints are joints formed perpendicular to column axes due to contraction 328. A major unconformity is generally marked by the presence of conglomerate 329. In case of the normal faults, the hade is towards down thrown side
330. Joints intimately associated with faulting are called feather joints
331. A clinometer compass is used to measure strike direction, dip direction and dip amount 332. Faults are generated by shear
333. Higher counturs always enclose the lower ones in case of a basin 334. Mohorovicic discontinuity separates crust and mantle
335. Ox bow lakes are formed due to meanderig of river 336. Crescent shaped sand dunes are known as barchans
337. The conical structure built around a volcanic pipe by the accumulation of loose fragmentary material cinder cones
338. Exfoliation is a form of physical weathering
339. Stream which flow in the opposite direction to the original consequent streams are described as obsequent
340. A plain formed by the growth and joining of flood plain is called pene plain 341. A pyramid is described as a crystal form whose face always cuts c-axis 342. Scalenohedron is a crystal form having 12 faces
343. Which of the following denotes a class that has no symmerty at all pedial 344. Which of the following has three axess of four fold symmetry galena 345. A crystal twinned on the lattice plane is known as contact twin
347. The purest and most transparent form of quartz rock crystal 348. Spodumene is a member of pyroxenes
349. Leucite shows radial inclusions
350. Anamolous interference colours are exhibited by zoisite 351. Bereck compensator is made up of calcite
352. The chemical composition of microcline is k al si3o8 353. The mineral which possesses double refraction is calcite 354. Rhabdosome is present in cephalopods
355. Ceratite is a cephalopod
356. Favosites belongs to the phylum coelenterata 357. Age of the trilobites cambrian
358. Cardita belongs to the class lamellibranch 359. Glossopteris is a plant fossil
360. Age of nummulites eocene
361. Cidaris belongs to the phylum echinodermata 362. Graptolites belong to the class hydroza
363. Which of the following gastropodas is a sealemon trochus 364. Father of stratigraphy charless lyell
365. Shape of vindhyan basin sickle 366. Age of the damodar series permian
367. Maximum coal bearing stage in gondwana barkar 368. The uppermost series of the cuddapah system nallamali 369. Kamalial stage present in siwalik
370. Age of baghbeds creataceous 371. Patcham series present in jurassic
372. The nagode limestone belongs to kolhan group 373. The archaean rocks of gujarat sonwani series
374. The middle gondwana were formed under warm and dry climate 375. The lameta beds of jabalpur represent fluvio lacustrine facies 376. The deccan traphs ;show maximum thickness in the west
377. The great boundary fault lies between upper vindhyan and aravallis 378. The father of economic geology georgius agricola
380. Ruby is a variety of corundum
381. In a.p. manganese is associated with kodurite 382. Chromite occurs in ultramafic rocks
383. Raw material for glass industry quartz 384. Source rock of diomond kimberlite 385. Plaster of paris is made from gypsum 386. Cerusite is an ore of lead
387. Chemical composition of selenite caso4 2h2o 388. Argentite is an ore of silver
389. Placer deposits are due to the process of mechanical concentration 390. Kudremukh in karnataka is famous for magnetite deposits
391. Hydrothermal deposits are classified by lindgreen
392. The most important use of apatite is phosphorus produ ction 393. Batholiths are always associated with orogenic belts
394. The volcanic equivalent of admallite is rhyodacite 395. Abyssal rocks are plutonic
396. The cipw classification is based on chemical 397. The penetratkion into older rocks intrusion
398. Dykes are generally considered as hypabassal rock 399. An organic sedimentary rock coral reef
400. One of the most common characteristics of sedimentary rock stratification 401. Sedimentary rock containing gravels with rounded pebbles conglomerate 402. Terra rosa is an example of residual
403. Extremely fine beds are known as laminae
404. Most important sedimentary structure in gondwarn beds crossbedding, ripplemarks,fluviatile marks
405. Coal seams are generally associated with sandstone and shale 406. Ripple marks are formed due to shallow water
407. The dominant factor during metamorphism temperature 408. Metamorphic equivalent of conglomerate schist
409. Khondalite is a typical rock of granulite
410. The muth quartzites of the devonian age characteristically exhibit granulose texture 411. The most common accessory mineral in eclogite sphene
412. Migmatites are a result of palingenesis 413. The folds with multiple hinges box
414. Low angle reverse fault is called thrust fault 415. Tear faults are a variety of strike fault
416. Younger beds are in the direction of dip of beds 417. The simplest example of contour line coast line
418. A clinometer compass is used to measure strike dip and dip amount 419. The stress which acts parallel to a plane shearing stress
420. A fault that dips more than 45 reverse fault 421. Nappe is a recumbent fold
422. A feature that indicate fault slicken sides
423. The first man who stated that the earth is a spherical planet copernicus 424. The diameter of the earth is about in km 12,800
425. Pernnial river are mostly locasted in west coast
426. The richiter scale is used to measure intensity of earthquakes
427. The mountain range lying between the rivers narmada and tapati satpura 428. A sweet water lake dal lake
429. The largest desert in the world sahara desert 430. Folded mountains the himalayas
431. Morains are formed due to glaciers
432. The difference between the equatiorial and polar diameters of the earth in km 21 433. The system that has all closed forms cubic
434. Class 4/m,2/m, 2/m is known as zircon type
435. The miller symbol for parameters 1/2a, 1/2b, c 221 436. Topaz belongs to nesosilicate
437. Cat’s eye is a variety of garnet 438. The luster of asbestos silky
439. Pegeonite belongs to themineral group pyroxene 440. Twinkling well observed in the mineral calcite 441. The refractive index of canada balsam 1.537
442. The accessary used tomeasure retardation berek compensator 443. Which facies are formed at high pressure blue schist facies
445. Typical metamorphic minerals kynite, silliminite, andulusite, staurolite, corderite, talc, graphite, wollastonite
446. Indian name given to quartz felspar garnet system khondolite 447. Khondolite belongs to granulite facies
448. Charnokite belongs to granulite facies of metamorphism 449. The typical mineral in ecologite is omphicite and garnet 450. Chitra durg schist belt is a example of green schist facies
451. Presence of cholorite in metamorphic rock indicates low grade metamorphism
452. The process conversion of a preexists rock into a granite without melting is called granitisation 453. Granulite is high grade metamorphism
454. The term skarn refers to contact metamorphic rock composed of limesilicates 455. Hornfellsic fabric is tipically developed during thermal metamorphism 456. In high temp metamorphic rock which varies of garnet is product pyrope 457. In low temp metamorphic rock which varies of garnet is spessartite
458. Which plagioclase is commonly found in the low grade metamorphic rocks albite 459. S.st an metamorphic form as quartzite
460. Lime stone recrystalise to marble
461. Grade metamorphism is also known as diaphoresis
462. The predominent agent in contact metamorphism temp or heat 463. Metamorphism is solid state reconstruction
464. Which type of metamorphism factors the growing high pressure 465. Granulite facies of metamorphic rocks represent deep crustal material 466. Green schists are graphite high pressure and low temp
467. Thermal metamorphism temperature 468. Plutonic uniform pressure and temperature 469. Dynamo thermal stress and temperature 470. Cataclastic directed pressure or stress
471. The main raw material for paint industry ochers 472. Pitch stone is igneous rock
473. Above water oxidation
474. Below water supergeneous sulphide deposits 475. Bombay high occur lime stone
477. Horizontal component of dis slip is called heave 478. Vertical component of dis slip is called throve
479. A thrust fault forms a topographic dipression rift valley 480. A topographic elevations formed due to block faulting throst
481. A fault in which the beds occur at successive lower levels resembling a stair case is called step faults
482. Difference in sedimentary facies indicate the present of faulting 483. Track composed for determining relative movement along foot wall 484. Fine grade clay like rock material found along the fault is called gouge 485. Large block of rocks laugh along faults are called horshes
486. The line of maximum curvature in a folded bed is known hinge 487. Younger beds will always be found in the direction of dip
488. Dip of a bed is a vector quantity because it has magnitude direction 489. A fold which is counter upward is anticline
490. Apprent dip of bed towards any direction is <true dip
491. Strike ofa bed is determined by finding the direction of which dip is nill 492. Drag folds occur in within the incomplitig folds
493. A fold in which axial plane is alternately horozontal recumbent fold 494. Repetition of folds on a geological map is due to folding
495. Folds which overlap are another with in short distance archion folds 496. In graded bedding ?
497. Divergent arrows on a structural map indicates anticline
498. An anticline uplift which has place in all directions is called dome 499. An synclinal depression which has plunge in all directions is called basin
A. Petrology
Thin horizontal sheets of magma which have penetrated along and approximately horizontal to the bedding plane is called as sill
Dykes occur only in discordant form
Bun shaped mass of igneous rock formed which has a flat base and domed top is called as lacolith Saucer shape big igneous intrusion is called as lopolith
Greatest igneous bodies described as batholith
Large scale features of the rocks termed as rock structures Small scale rock features is termed as textures
Vesicualr structures characteristic feature of volcanic igneous rocks
Infillings of vesicles by secondary minerals in a rock is described as amygdaloidal structure Vesicular structure where esicles present in a rock
Abundent element occurring in the earth crust is o2
Minerals formed from the direct crystallisation of igneous magma is termed as heat minerals
Heteromorphism is a rocks of different mineral composition arising from a similar magma under different conditions of crystallisation
The rock of different mineral composition formed from similar magma under different conditions of crystallisation described as polymorphs
The temperature region in which the generation of crystals is slow such region is described as metastable region
In a particular temperature region the rate of crystallisation is more such region is called as labile region Fine grained nature and the presence of glass in an igneous rock is an indication of rapid cooling of the magma
Intergrowth of two minutes frequently results the peculiar texture described as graphic texture Graphic texture is of eutectic form
The intimate mutual relations of the mineral constituents and glassy matter in a rock is termed as texture Measurement of crystallised and non crystallised matter in a rock is described as crystallanity
A rock consisting entirely crystals is said to be holocrystalling A rock consisting of entirely glassy matter is said to be holohyalline
A rock consisting kof partly of crystals and partily of glassy matter is called hemicrystalline
Embryo crystals which have not yet organised to fully crystalline status are described as crystallites Minute crystals whose properties are determinable and can be definitely recognised are called as microlites
Volcanic equivalent of granite is rhyolite Marble is a metamorphic product of limestone Orthoquartzite is a sedimentary rock
Porphyritic texture in which bigger grains surrounded by smallor grains Schist generally shows foliated structure
Pegmatite is a plutonic rock Obsidian is a volcanic rock
Plutonic equivalent of basalt is gabbro Ophitic texture is generally seen in dolerite
Porphyroblastic texture is generally observed in metamorphic rocks Phenocrysts are the part and parcel of porphyritic texture
Porphyritic texture is generally seen in hypobyssal rocks
The transformation of glass crystalline matter is called as magmatic process
In a rock the grains are visible to the naked eye or which the aid of the pocket lense than the rock is said kto be phaneric
The individual grains of a rock cannot be identified by naked eye or pocket lense is called aphanetic When a grain crystal is not bounded by well developed faces than is termed euhedral
When a grain crystal is not bounded by well developed faces than it is termed anhedral shape Equidimentional crystals are the crystals developed equallly in all the three directions
Tabular crystals are the crystals developed two directions only Prismatic crystals are the crystals developed in one direction only
Shape of the crystals and the mutual relations of the crystals collectivelly termed as fabric
A rock in which the constituent minerals all are approximately equal in their size are described as equigrannular rock
In a equigrannular rock all the crystals are in anhedral shape such texture is described as alltriomorphic All crystals grains of subhedral shape in a equigrannular rock is described as hypidiomorphic texture In a equigrannular rock most of the grains are in euhedral shapes than the texture is described as pandiomorphic
Microgranitic texture in a fine grained rock where the grains are of subjedral or anhedral nature Porphyritic texture is a inequgrannular texture
Smaller crystals are enclosed in the larger crystals which out any orientation such texture is described as poikilitic
Porphyritic texture forms due to the sudden transfer of magma and enclosed crystals from the lowere levels to the higher levels of the crust
Ophitic texture in which plaates kof augite grains encloses numerous thin laths of plagioclase Texture produced by the flow of magma during the crystallization is said to be of directive texture Graphic texture is a type intergrowth textures
Corona structure nucleus of an early formed mineral structure surrounded by reaction mineral Myrmekite texture is an intergrowth product of quartz and plagioclase minerals
Myrmekite texture is a type of intergrowth texture Xenoliths are the foreign bodies in a rock
Rocks are the aggregate of minerals Primary rocks are the only igneious rocks
Secondary rocks are the both metamorphic ;and sedimentary rocks Deep seated rocks of igneous origin is described as plutonic rocks
Primary rocks are the rocks formed by the direct crystallisation of the magma Igneous rocks fromed at shallow depths are described as hypobyssal rocks
Igneous rocks formed at the surface of the earths crust is described as volcanic rocks Indicate the igneous rocks dolerite, granodiorite, and grit
Igneous rocks are the rocks formed by the direct crystallisastion of magma
Rocks formed due to the consolidastion of magma upon the surface of the earth are described as extrusive rocks
Rocks formed due to the consolidation of magma below the surface of the earth are described as intrusiv e rocks
Abyssal rocks are the rocks formed at very great depths
Accessory minerals are the minerals present in a rock in smaller amounts and their presence or absence is not significant
Acid rock an igneous rock with 10% or more free quartz
Essential minerals are the minerals present in a rock in higher amounts and their presence or absence is significant
Orthogneiss a gneiss presumed to have been formed from a original igneous rock Volcanic rocks generally gives fine grained rocks
Hypobyssal rocks generally gives gthe medium grained rocks Plutonic rocks generally gives the coarse grained rocks
as ring dykes
Sheets of igneous rocks are found to occur in the form of inverted coaxial cones with their layers of country rock lying in between then such sheets are called as cone sheets
Discondant bodies are the dykes and ring dykes Concordant bodies are the sills and lopolithe
A single channel along which an intrucsion mass of earlier origin exists is utilised during any subsequent phase of intrusion of the magma of the same composition the ieuslting from is described as multiple intrusion
In multiple intrusion the magma subsequently a composition of different from that of the previous intrusion that the form is described as composite intrusion
Vertical joints often interesect and thus divide the rock mass into a number of veertical columns which may be square rectangualr, rhombic trigonal or hexagonal in out line and the igneous rock mass is divided in this fashion into a number of vertical colums the structure is described as coloumnar structure
Siderites an iron meteorites Aerolites it is a stony meteorite
Siderites consisting of almost entirely of iron alloyed with nickel Sderolites consting mixtures of nickel iron and heavy basic silicates Aerolites consisting of almost entirely iron and heavy basic silicates
Rocks formed by the consolidation of molten magma are said to be primary rocks or igneous rocks Secondary rocks are the limestone, shale, sandstone
Endogenetic rocks rocks formed by the processes of internal origin which operate deep seatedly or weithin the crust
Exogenetic rocks rocks formed by the processes of external origin operating superficially or without inwards
Endogenetic rocks are the igneous rocks
Exogenetic rocks are the residual deposits detrital sediments solution deposits Textures are the small scale features in the rocks
Most active bases present in an igneous magma is potassium and sodium Leucite baslat is a heteromorph of mica syenite
The constan t proportion in which the two constituents simultaneously crystallises is termed as eutectic point
Reaction pair two mineral related by reaction
Undersaturated rocks rocks containing of only unsatureated minerals of magmatic origin Saturated rocks rocks containing of saturated minerals of magmatic origin
Quartz minerals are the saturated minerals
Olivine and felsdathoid minerals are the undersaturated minerals
Secondary minerals minerals formed by weathering or metamorphism or introducing of circulating solutions
Primary minerals minerals are formed by magmastic crystallisation Felsic minerals are only quartz only felspar only felspathoid minerals
Mafic minerals are the micas and pyroxenes amphiboles and olivines iron oxides and apatite Leucocratic rocks light coloured rocks
Melanocratic rocks dark coloured rocks
Rhyolite is the volcanic equivalent of granodiorite Dacite is the volcanic equivalent of granodiorite Plutonoyite equivalent of rhyolite is granite Trachyte is volcanic equivalent of syenite Plutonic equivalent of dacite granodiorite Plutonic equivalent of trachite is syenite Volcanic equivalent of diorite is andesite Plutonic equivalent of andesite is diorite Volcanic equivalent of gabbro is baslat Plutonic equivalent of basalt is gabbro
Dolerite is the hypobyssal equivalent of gabbro Hypohyssal equivalent of garrro is dolerito
In the series of granite granodiorite diorite rocks the amount of quartz gradually decreases from granite to diorite
In the series of granite granodiorite diorite rock in which the proportional amount of plagioclase minerals increases
In the series of granite granodiorite diorite rocks in which the proportional amount of orthocalse mineral decreases from grainte to diorite
In the series of granite granodiorite diorite rocks which the proportion of amount of mafic minerals increases from granite to diorite
The series granite granodiorite diorite rocks are of plutonic origin Syenite and nephilline syeneite are of plutonic origin
Essential minerals of granite is quartz k-felspers and plagioclase felspars Synite rock essentially composes of only alkali felspars
Nepheline syenite essentially consisting of nepheline and alkali felspar minerals In syneite the accessory minerals are quartz and mafic minerals
Alkali felspars are which are very rich in plagioclase felspars and devoid of alkali felspars
Syenite and alkali syenites in which plagioclase becomes approximately equal in amout to the alkali felspars which are called as monozonites
Plutonic rocks are gabbro anorthositc and peridotite
The essential mineral of norite is labradorite and ortohpyroxenes The essential minerals of gabbor is labradorite and pyroxenes
If a rock consisting of labradoirtes pyroxenes and olivine as essential described as olivine gabbor If a rock consisting of only felspars and labradorite essential is described as anorthosite
Pyroxenite consisting of mono and ortho pyroxenes Peridotite consisting of only pyroxene and only olivine Dunite is a mono mineral rock
Dunite rock consisting of only olivine
Dolerite rock essentially consisting of only labrodorite only aughite only iron oxide
In dolerite the plagioclase has been partially or wholly altered with the formation ofcarbonates zoisite epidot or alibite the pyroxene changed to chorite or hornblende the olivine to serpentin and the ilimenite to leucoxene the resulting rock is diabse
The extreme glassy modification of rhyolite is the pure black glass is described obsidan
A process in which foreign rock material either in liquid or in solid form incarporated within a magma such process is termed as assimilation
Cohesion is a process of welding or induration cementation
A process in which theseparation of an igneous magma into two or more fractios which consolidate as different rock types such process is described as differentiation
Aplites show fine grained equigrannular and allotrimorphic texture
Rocks are those formed by the process of deposition of the sold materials carried in suspension by trhe agencies of transport such rocks are described as sedimentary rocks
Heavy minerals are minerals which sink in the bromoform liquid
Welding is a process of consolidation of a loose sedimentation to a hard rock
Cementation in which the particles are bound together by thedeposition cementing substance between thegrains
Characteristic feature of the sedimentary rock is stratification or bedding Bedding plane a plane of junction between different beds
Bedding or stratification is generally seen in sedimentary rocks
A single layer bounded by two beeeing planes is described as bed or stratum Laminae very fine paper thin beds
The bedding planes are desposed ofapproximataly parallel to one another such are described as current bedding
If the bedding planes are not parallel to one another are described as discordant bedding Current bedding is a type of discordant bedding
Current beddig indicates the rapid changes in the direction and stream of water the carrying sediment Torrential bedding shows an alteration of coarse current bedded materials and fine horizontal laminae Delta structure consisting of only topset beds, only foreset beds, only bottomset beds
Ripple marks are undulations produced by fluid movement over sediments Symmetrical ripples are foemed due to wave action
Asymetrical ripples are forms due to current action
Mud cracks often preserved in a fine grained sedimentary rocks
Tracks and trails are the marking indicate the passage of some animal over a soft sedimet which ables to take and retain theimpression
Sedimentary rocks consisting gravel pebbles cobbles or boulders size particles is described as rudaceous rocks
Sedimentary rocks consisting of the sand grade materials is described as arenaceous rocks Sedimentary rocks consisting of chiefly the silt size material described as none
Sedimentary rocks consistein of the finest particles or the rock decay such rocks are described as argillaceous rocks
Conglomerates are of rudaceous rocks
Brecias is classified under the group of rudaceous rocks Sandstones classified under the group of arenaceour rocks Grit belonging to the arenaceious rock
Arkoses belonging to arenaceous rocks Graywackes are of arenaceous rocks Siltstone are of silt rocks
Shale belong to argillaceous rocks Mudstone belongs to argillaceous rocks
Aeolian deposits are of deposits formed due to the action of water Aqueous deposits are deposits formed by the action of water Glacial deposits are the deposits formed by the action of ice Rudaceous rocks of angular nature described as breccias
Rudaceous rocks of rounded natures described as conglomerates Volcanic breccia is also termed as agglomerate
Coarse grained sandstone with angular nature is described as grita Sandstones containing of more than 25% felspar is described as arkose
Sandstone containing of less than 25% felspars is described as felspathic sandstones
A sandstone in which the calcareous cement splits readily along the micaceous layers into slabes suitable for paving is described as flagstone
Compacted silt sediments are described as siltstone
Argillaceous metarial welded into a compact rock which is well bedded and splits along the bedding planes are described as shale
Boulder clay is argillaceous rock of a glacial origin Tillite is a compacted boulder clay
China clay is compacted kaolin clay
Pottery clays black plastic material consisting of mineral silica mingled withkaolinite felspar etc China clay with non plstic material consisting of minerals kaolinite mingled with fragments of quartz felspars mica etc
Marl is a clay rock which contains a considerable proportion of carbonates of lime and magnesia Stalactites and stalagmites are the deposits of chimical origin
Dolomite limestone is a limestone in which part of the calcite has been replaced by dolomite Coral limestone forms due to biomechanical process
Chalk forms due to the consolidation of oozes
Organic calcareous deposits are the crinoidal limestone Organic carbonaceous deposits are the coal and peat Organic ferruginous deposits are the diatiom oozes Organic ferruginous deposits are bacterial iron ores Organic phosphorite deposits are the guano
Metamorphic agents are the temperature pressure chemical activity
In the metamorphism the heat factor is more predominant than it is described as thermal metamorphism High temperature metamorphism which takes place along the immediate contacts of magma with country
rocks are described as thermal metamorphism
The indurating burning and fitting effects produced by lavas and small dykes kon the rocks which they come into the contact of caustic metamorphsim
Caustic metamorphism is also called as optalic metamorphism
Metamorphism which occurs around large igneous masses at comparatively low temperature is described as contact metamorphism
The metamorphism which causes due tko the dominant action stress is described as cataclastic metamorphism
The metamorphism which causes due to the vertically acting stress of supericumbent rocks aided bythe high temperature appropriate to the depth and by the chemical agencies is described as load
metamorphism
The metamorphism in which the directed pressure and heat operating at some depth leading to the more or less complete recrystallisation rocks and producing of new structures are described as dynamo thermal metamorphism
Dynamo thermal metamorphism is produced the schists and gneisses
The metamorphism which takes place at low temperature and in the presence of water and including the processes of lithificrtion and cementation and cementation is described as statohydral metamorphism Load metamorphism is also called as stato thermal metamorphism
The metamorphism in which the great heat and uniform pressure at depths are described as plutonic metamorphism
If the metamorphism occurs near thesurface of the earths such metamorphism zone is described as katamorphic zone
Uppermost of the metamorphic zone is described as epizone Katamorphic zone overlies the anamorphic zone
An intermediate metamorphic zone is described as mesozone The lowermost metamorphic zone is described as katazone
A group of rocks with varying chemical composition characterised by a definite set of minerals which have been formed at equilibrium under a given combination of pressure temperature conditions such are described as metamorphic facies
In the epizone the kind kof metamorphis occurs in cataclastic to dynamo thermal metamorphism The kind of metamorphian occurs is the mesozone is dynamothermal to load metamorphism The type of metamorphis occurs in the katazone is load or static metamorphism and plutonic metamorphism
Load metamorphism occurs in the mesozone and katazones
Dynamo thermal metamorphism occurs in the epizone and mesozone
A shale consisting ofquartz white mica chlorite hydrated silicates of alumina and amorphous iron oxides will form under contact metamorphism a hornfelse consisting of quartz andalusite conrderite biotite and felspar
A shale consisting of quartz white mica chlorite hydrate silicates of alumina and amorpous iron oxides will give on the dynamo metamorphism garnetiferrous mica schist consiting ofquartz muscovite biotite and garnet
In the nomenclature of a metamorphic rock textures and structures todistinuigh them from thesimilar igneous a suffix or prefix is blasto
The metamorphic texture in which are mainly due to recrystallisation are described as crystalloblastic In a metamorphic texture in which the proper crystallographic faces are rarely developed in the recrystallised metamorphic minerals such are described as xenoblastic
In a metamorphic texture in which few minerals display fully developed crystal form are described as idioblastic
In a metamorphic texture the idioblasts form large crystals embedded in a fine grained groundmas, like the phenocrysts of a porphyritic igneous rock such texture is described as porphyroblastic texture
The metamorphic texture which indicates the crystalisation textures in the principal constituents are granular orequidimensional are described as granoblastic texture
Metamorphoses ophitic textures is described as blastophitic texture
Metamorphosed conglomerates ad brecies generally show blastopsephitic structure Metamorphosed arenaceous rocks generally shows blastopsamitic structure
Metamorposed argillaceous rocks generally shows blastopeltib structure
Metamorphosed structures in which thebroken and fragment rocks developed by shearing stress upon hard and brittle materials in the upper zones of the earths crust under the conditions involving little sow mineral formation is described as cataclastic structure
A structure is due to the predominance of equidimensional minerals such as qusrtz felspars pyrozene calcite etc in a metamorphic rock is described as granulose structure
Gneiss generally shows the linear structure
A gneiss derived from a sedimentary rock is described as paragneiss A gneiss derived from igneous rock is described as orthogneise
An argillaceous rock under the cataclastic metamorphism gives the slate
Rocks which have been completely pulverised and rolled out by extreme differential movement during cataclastic metamorphism is describe as mylonite
The effects of the highest degree of heat gossible without actual fusion acting under relatively dry conditions are described as pyrometamorphism
The destruction of dolomite and the construction of calcite is called as dedolomitisation
Dynamo thermal metamorphism of the argillaceious rocks gives the slate passing through the phyllite stage
Augen structure developes generally in a original rock of prophyritic granite
The crystallisation of viscus constrained magma under theinfluence of directed pressure is described as piezocrystallisation
The process in which the mineralogical change in the dynamo metamorphism of quartz felspathic rocks is the breaking down ofalkali felspars with the production of white mica and quartz is described as
sericitisation
If a hornblende rock in which foliation gives place togranoblastic texture such rock is described as amphibolite
Granulite forms in plutonic metamorphism
The process of mineral rock alteration by the agency solutions is called as metasomatism
The metasomatic process effected by the agents mainly the gasekous state and at high temperature is described as pneumatolysis
Tourmalinisation is process of pneumatolysis
The alternation of an igneous rock by its own resudual liquids has been described as autometamorphism In a deep seated magmatic injection the invadded rock is rendred passy and viscousis indicated by the general occrrence of aeras ofcontort folding which is best shown by the more resistant layers are described as ptygmatic folding
The process of regeneration of magma has been called as palingenesis
The felspars ofthegranite are attacked by the superheated steam aided by a little flourine and boron result for the formation ofkaolinite isdescribed as kaolinisation
Authigenic minerals mineras originated from the area of sedimentation Allogenic minerals minerals originate away from the area of sedimentation Limestone mainly consisting of calcite minerals
The predominant rock types exposed around hyderabad city is granites Fossile amy be found in association with limestone rocks
Coarse grained plutonic igneous rock consisting of 90% plagioclase felspar and remainig ismade up of other gbboic minerals are described as anorthosite
A series of igneous rocks which are assumed to have been derived from a common source is described as comagmatic rocks
Diagenesis is a process of post depositional changes in a sediment
Detritel mineral minerals derived from the pre existing rocks by the process of weathiring or erosion Doistone a rock consisting of entirely of apatite mineral
Dunite is a ultrabasic rock Peridotite is a ultrabasic rock Serpentine is a ultrabasic rock Granite is a acidic rock
Granodiorite is a basic rock and acidic rock Pitchstone is a acidic rock
Rhyolite is a acidic rock Basalt is a basic rock Gabbro is a basic rock Dolerite is a basic rock
Eelogite crystallises or recrystallises under high temperature and high pressure Epidiorite is a grannular metamorphic rock derived from a basic igneous rock Chrnockite rock was first described and named bythomas holland
Gypsum mineral generally associates with the sedimentary rock
Job charnock was the east india company clerk and the founder of calcutta Hypersthenite is a ultrabasic rock
Serpentinite is a ultrabasic rock
Index mineral is a mineral whose first occurrence marks the outer limits of the metamorphic zone Arkose are defined as felspars rich sandstones
An igneous rock is the own which was completely molten at one time The age of the hyderabad granites is around 2,500 million years
Lit par lit injection a forceful intrusion ofigneous material usually granitic in character along beeding planes foliation planes etc togive a close spaced more or less parallel series of veins
Rocks formed by the mineralogical and textural reordering of the pre existing rocks are known as metamorphic rocks
Epidiorite is a thermally metamorphosed rock derived from a sedimentary rock rich in felspars Oligomict is a detrital rudaceous rock containing fragments of only one kind of mateial
Petrography is the syetematic description ofrocks in hand specimens and thin sections Provenances is the source area for the material making up a secimen
Agglomerate is the assemblage of rock fragments due to the volcanic explosion
Charnokite rocks principally composes of hypersthene quartz and potash felspar minerals Polymict is a rudaceous detrital rock consisting of fragment of different materials
Orthoquartite is a sedimentary rock
The seperation of magma into two or more fractions differention
Peridoties is an ultrabasic igneous rock consisting predominantly of olivine
Shale is a sedimentary rock which ispredominantly composed of very fine detrital silt Equigrannular texture in metamorphic rock is termed as granoblastic texture
Indicate the metamorphic rocks gneiss, diorite,granodiorite and schist Indicate the igneous rocks granite,granodiorite, diorite, gabbro
Metaquartzite is a metamorphic rock
Silicification is a process of introducing of silica a non siliceous rock
Littoral environment the environment between the highest and lowest level of the spring tides Neritic environment is generally occur in the continental shelf
B.mineralo gy and optical mineralogy
500. Quartz typically shows undulose extinction501. Hardness of theflespar minerals is 6 502. Diomond crystallises in cubic system
503. Microcline typically shows cross hatched twinning 504. Beryl mineral typically shows hexagonal system 505. Mica minerals generally show straight extinction 506. Forestrite mineral belong to olivine group
507. Muscovite and biotite minerals resembles in most of the optical properties but they characterstically differ in pleochroism
508. Tourmaline generally shows parallel extinction
509. Absence of cleavage is characteristic feature of quartz 510. Quartz mineral typically shows concoidal fracture
511. The chemical composition of mineral microcline is k al si3 o3
512. Quartz and barytes show similarity in their physical nature but they characteristically differin specific gravity
513. Chromium garnet mineral uvarovite 514. Olivine typically shows alteration
515. Most of the carbonate mineras crystallises in hexagonal system 516. Absence of cleavage is a characterstic feature in olivine
517. Serpentine alteration can be seen in olivine
518. Most of the motallic sulphide minerals crystallises in cubic system 519. Steatite is an impure variety of talc
520. Cat’s eye is a mineral which belong to quartz family 521. Citrine mineral belongs to quartz family
522. Adularia is a mineral
523. The chemical composition of the mineral leucite is k al si2o6 524. Leucite mineral crystallises in cubic system
525. Hauyene mineral belongs to felspathold family 526. Lazurite mineral belongs to felspathoid family 527. Flint is a mineral which belong to quartz family
528. Calcium-aluminium garnet mineral is grossularite 529. Magnesium aluminium garnet mineral is pyrope
530. Finding the mineral which will not belong to the garnet family andalusite 531. Garnet group minerals crystasllises in cubic system
532. Chemical composition of the mineral diomond is c 533. Kyanite mineral crystallises in triclinc system
534. Sillimanite mineral crystallises in orthorhombic system 535. Andalusite mineral crystallises in orthorhombic system 536. Sillimanite mineral belongs to aluminium silicate family 537. Kyanite generally shows oblique extinction
538. Calcite is harder than gypsum
539. Natrolite mineral belongs to zeolite family
540. Zeolite group minerals usually occur as secondary minerals 541. Apatite is a phosphate mineral
542. Calcite is a mineral of calcium carbonate 543. Fayalite mineral belogs to olivine family
544. Calcite and aragonite minerals characteristically differ in crystal system 545. Chemical composition of the mineral anhydrite is ca so4
546. Gypsum and anhydrite minerals characteristically differ in crystal system 547. Chemical composition of the mineral gypsum cd so4 2 h2o
548. Mineral gypsum crystallises in monoclinic system 549. Mineral emerald is also as paccha
550. Corundum mineral is also commonly know as kurivindam 551. Zircon mineral is also commonly known as gomedhakam 552. Mineral topaz is also called as pushparagam
553. Cat’s eye opal is also commonly know as vaiduryam 554. Apatite mineral crystallises in hexagonal system
555. Barite mineral characteristically shows high specific gravity 556. Chemical composition k of the barite mineral is ba so4 557. Anhydrite mineral crystallises in orthorhombic system
558. Hypersthene mineral belongs to the orthorhomboic pyroxenes 559. Augite mineral belogns to the monoclinic pyroxenes
560. Diopside mineral belongs to the monoclinic pyroxenes 561. Hornblende mineral belongs to the monoclinic pyroxenes 562. Mineral anthophyllite belongs to the orthorhombic amphiboles
563. Actinolite mineral belongs to the monoclinic amphiboles 564. Tromolite mineral belongs to the monoclinic amphiboles
565. The characteristic difference between the actinelite and tremolite minerals is in colour 566. Actinolite mineral occurs in green colour
567. Tremolite mineral generally occurs in white or gray colour 568. The hardness of quartz mineral seven
569. The hardness of gypsum mineral two 570. The hardness of talc in the mohs scale one 571. The hardenss of the mineral apatite is five 572. The hardness of flourite mineral is four 573. The hardness of corundum mineral is nine 574. The hardness of diomond is ten
575. The hardness of calcite is three 576. The hardness of topaz is eight
577. Serpentine alteration can be seen in olivine mineral
578. Anhydrite and gypsum minerals characteristically show similarity in crystal form
579. Calcite and aragonite minerals characterstically show similarity in chemical composition and crystal system
580. Pyrite and marcasite minerals show differ in crystal system
581. Pyrite and marcasite minerals show similarity in chemical composition 582. Idiochromatic minerals minerals exhibiting definite colours
583. Allochromatic minerals minerals exhibiting different colours 584. Admantine lustre minerals exhibiting diamond like shining 585. Vitreous lustre minerals exhibiting glassy shining
586. Streak is the colour of the mineral solution
587. Quartz family minerals occur in the igneous, metamorphic, sedimentary rocks 588. Concoidal fracture is a characteristic feature in quartz
589. Cleavage can not be seen in quartz 590. Potash mica mineral muscovite
591. Mica minerals crystallises in monoclinic system 592. High specific gravity non metallic mineals barite 593. The mineral grossularite belongs to the garnet family 594. The mineral pyrope belongs to the garnet family
595. The mineral almandine belongs to the garnet family 596. The mineral andradite belongs to the garnet family 597. The mineral spessartite belong to the garnet family
598. Pyralspite is an acronym of the names of thre major garnet family minerals they ae pyrope almandine and spessartite respectively
599. Garnet minerals did not exhibit cleavage
600. Garnet minerals generally shows isotropic nature
601. Ugrandite is an acronym of the names of three garnet family minerals they are uvarovite, grossularite and andradite
602. The commonest environment for garnet formation is in metamorphic rocks 603. Structurally mineral olivine belongs to the neso silicate
604. Structurally mineral beryl belongs to the cyclosilicate 605. Pyroxenes belogs to the ino silicates group
606. Amphiboles belongs to the tektosilicates group 607. Talc mineral belongs to the phyllosilicates
608. Mica minerals belogs to the phyllosilicates group 609. Quartz family mineral belongs to tektosilicates group
610. Silicates have been classified on the basis of atomic structure 611. Amethyst is a vollet colour quartz mineral
612. Citrino is yellow colour quartz mineral
613. Garnet characteristically form crystals of trapezohedron and rhombododecahedron 614. Opalis a amorphous variety of quartz mineral
615. Chalcedony is a crypto crystalline variety of quartz mineral 616. Hydrated amorphous variety of silica is opal
617. Optically clear quartz is generally used in the manufacture of lenses and prisms 618. Opal hardness is less than the quartz mineral
619. Transparent and coloured varieties of crystalline quartz mineral generally uses in semi precious stone
620. Quartz mineral is stable at 573c
621. Amethist stands in the mohs scale of hardness 7
622. High temperature quartz inverts to tridymite at the temperature of 870 623. Tridymite mineral inverts to cristobalite at the temperature of 1470 624. Onyx structure is generally seen in the mineral of agate
625. Red chert like quartz mineral is jasper 626. Chert mineral belongs to the quartz family
627. Silicates are the most important group of compounds occuring in the crust of the earth and probably represents of the crust 95%
628. Transparent clear variety of crystalline quartz rock crystal 629. Sodalite mineral belongs to the felspathoid family
630. Structurally felspahoid family mineral belongs to the tektosilicates group 631. Felspathoid minerals never occur in association with the free quartz in rock 632. Felspathoid minerals are the unsaturated minerals
633. Leucite mineral generally occurs in the volcanic rocks
634. The chemical composition of the mineral nepheline is na a1 sio4 635. Nepheline mineral crystallises in hexagonal system
636. Leucite mineral characteristically shows isotropic nature 637. Extinction of nepheline mineral is prallel
638. Noesan mineral belongs to the felspathoid family 639. Cristobalite minerals crystallises in cubic system 640. Cancrinite mineral belongs to the felspathoid family
641. Structurally zeolite family minerals belonging to the tektosilicates group 642. Zeolites mostly found in amygdaloids in basic volcanic rocks
643. Minreal is a naturally occurring homogenous inorganic substsance having definite physical properties and has a more less definite chemical composition
644. Fracture is a broken surface of the mineral
645. Lustre is a an appearance of the mineral surface on reflected light 646. Even fracture is seen in limestone
647. Indicate the physical property ofa mineral which is not depended on light fracture 648. The physical property of mineral which is depended on light lustre
649. The physical property of mineral which is mostly related to thehardness is streak 650. The best example for the vitreous lustre is amethyst
651. Quartz mineral generally show vitreous lustre 652. Kyanite mineral occurs in the biaded form 653. Asbestos mineral occurs in the fibrous form 654. Natrolite mineral occurs in the acicular form 655. Foliceous form is generally seen in mica
656. Rock forming minerals can be optically observed under the petrological microscope 657. If a mineral is said tohave full extinction than it is said tobe isotropic
658. Cross hatched twinning is generally seen in microcline 659. Lamellar twinning is genrally seen in plagioclase
660. Orthoclase and microcline minerals optically similar in most of the properties except in the twinning
661. Indicate the isotropic mineral of felspathoid family mineral leucite 662. The mineral which shows higher extinction angle is augite
663. Extinction of hypersthene mineral is parallel 664. Extinction of enastatite mineral is parallel
665. Hypersthene mineral generally shows pleochroism 666. Hypersthene mineral optically shows anisotropism 667. Augite mineral generally shows higher extinction angle 668. Muscovite mineral genrally shows parallel extinction 669. Biotite mineral generally shows parallel extinction 670. Andalusite mineral optically shows parallel extinction
671. Sphene mineral characteristically shows under the petrological microscope symmetrical extinction
672. Kyanite mineral optically shows oblique extinction 673. Kyanite extinction angle is above 30
674. Andalusite mineral characterstically shows pleochroism
675. Kaynite and sillimanite minerals differ in the optical property of extinction 676. Natrolite mineral optically shows parallel extinction
677. Natrolite mineral generally shows radiating form 678. Epidote mineral optically exhibits green colour 679. Olivine mineral optically shows parallel extinction 680. Garnet minerals should not exhibit cleavage
681. Olivine minerals characteristically shows presence of one set of cleavage 682. Olivine mineral should not exhibit under microscope cleavage
683. Garnet group of minerals generally shows istropic nature 684. Garnet group of minerals should not exhibt polarisation colours
685. Quartz minerals should not exhibit polarisation colours and isotropic nature 686. Chrysotile minerals is also commonly known as asbestos
687. Extinction of serpentine mineral is parallel
688. Staurolite mineral characteristically shows pleochroism 689. Stautrolite mineral generally shows parallel extinction 690. Zircon mineral generally shows parallel extinction
691. Tourmaline mineral characteristically shows pleochroism 692. Extinction angle of tourmalene is parallel
693. Calcite mineral generally shows under the microscope twinning 694. Calcite mineral generally shows symmertical extinction
695. Quartz never shows under themicroscope is cleavage 696. Quartz mineral generally shows low relief
697. Bytownite is mineral of plagioclase felspar 698. Albite is a mineral of sodium felspar 699. Anorthite is a mineral of calcium felspar 700. Labradorite is a mineral of felspar family 701. Oligoclase mineral belongs to the felspar family 702. Andesine mineral belong to the felspars family 703. Adularia is mineral of felspar family
704. Celsian mineral of barium felspar
705. Accessory plate a specially cut slice of a mineral mounted foruse in polarising microscope 706. Accessory plate in the microscope is quartz wedge, mica plate, gypsum plate
707. Acicular form needle like shape arising form one centre 708. Agate it is a banded chacedonic silica mineral
709. Mica family minerals characteristically shows basal cleavage 710. Amorphous a mineral having no regular atomic structure 711. Aquamarine is a pale blue variety of beryl mineral
712. Calcite mineral characteristically shows rhombohedral cleavage 713. Emerald is a pale green variety of beryl mineral
714. Schrol is a balck veriety of tourmaline mineral 715. Achrolite is a white variety of tourmaline mineral 716. Rubellite is a pink variety of tourmaline mineral 717. Indicolite is a blue variety of tourmaline mineral 718. Elbite is a green variety of tourmaline mineral 719. Dravite is a brown variety of tourmaline mineral
720. Pot stone is a impure variety of talc mineral
721. Minerography is the microscope study of polished sections under the petrological microscope 722. Onyx is generally seen in the mineral of agate
723. Geode a cavity in a rock lined with crystals projecting towards the centre 724. The refractive index of pure canada balsam is 1.54
725. Aragonite is the polymorph of calcite
726. Garnet s are typically a set of metamorphic minerals
727. Pyroxenes crystallising in ortnhorhombic system are enastatite and hypersthene 728. Chlorite mineral abundantly found in the metamorphic rock
729. Between the crossed nickels microcline minerals shows cross-hatched twinning 730. The hydrous cryptocrystaline form of silica mineral is chalcedony
731. Zircon occurs as primary constituents in the acid plutonic ingeous cocks 732. Sulphide minerals presence generally indicate the reducing environment 733. Marcasite is the ploymorph of pyrite
734. Law quartz converts tohigh quartz at the temperature 573 735. Common quartz is stable up to a temperature of 573 736. High quartz is also commonly known as beta quartz 737. Cristobalite is a polymorph of quartz
738. Tridymite is a polymorph of quartz
739. Amorphous variety of quartz mineral is opal
740. The fibrous group of zeolite mineral is natrolite and mesolite 741. The chemical composition of wallostonite mineral is casio3 742. The platy group of zeolites mineral are heulandite and stilibite
743. If the light travels all directions having the same properties is termed as isotropic 744. Pyroxenes family minerals occur in the basic and ultrabasic rocks
745. Allanite mineral belongs to the epidote family
746. Aluminium silicate family minerals mostly occur in the metamorphic rocks 747. Polarisation colour is generally seen only in anisotropic minerals
748. Nicol prism in the petrological microscope is analyser and ploariser 749. Polarisation colours could be observed only after the analyser 750. The position of the polariser in the microscope is beneath the stage 751. The position of the analyser in the microscope is above the stage
