1
Bentley HAMMER V8i
Edition
Getting Started in Bentley WaterGEMS V8i Quick Start Lessons
Understanding the Workspace Creating Models
Using ModelBuilder to Transfer Existing Data Applying Elevation Data with TRex
Allocating Demands using LoadBuilder Reducing Model Complexity with Skelebrator Scenarios and Alternatives
Modeling Capabilities Presenting Your Results Importing and Exporting Data Technical Reference
Bentley HAMMER V8i Edition Theory and Practice Technical Information Resources
Contents
Chapter 1: Bentley HAMMER V8i Edition
1
Chapter 1: Getting Started in Bentley WaterGEMS V8i
1
Municipal License Administrator Auto-Configuration. . . .1-1 Starting Bentley WaterGEMS V8i . . . .1-2 Working with WaterGEMS V8i Files. . . .1-2 Exiting WaterGEMS V8i . . . .1-4 Using Online Help . . . .1-4 Software Updates via the Web and Bentley SELECT. . . .1-8 Troubleshooting . . . .1-8 Checking Your Current Registration Status . . . .1-9 Application Window Layout . . . .1-9 Standard Toolbar . . . .1-10 Edit Toolbar . . . .1-12 Analysis Toolbar . . . .1-13 Scenarios Toolbar . . . .1-15 Compute Toolbar . . . .1-16 View Toolbar . . . .1-18 Help Toolbar . . . .1-20 Layout Toolbar. . . .1-21 Tools Toolbar . . . .1-25 Zoom Toolbar . . . .1-28 Customizing WaterGEMS V8i Toolbars and Buttons . . . .1-30 WaterGEMS V8i Dynamic Manager Display . . . .1-31
Chapter 2: Quick Start Lessons
37
Lesson 1: Pipeline Protection . . . .2-38 Part 1—Creating or Importing a Steady-State Model . . . .2-39 CREATINGA MODEL . . . .2-39 Part 2—Selecting the Transient Events to Model . . . .2-47 Part 3—Configuring the Bentley HAMMER Project. . . .2-48 Part 4—Performing a Transient Analysis . . . .2-51
Part 6—Adding Comments to Generate Report-Ready Graphs . . . 2-60 Lesson 2: Network Risk Reduction . . . 2-62 Part 1—Importing and Verifying the Initial Steady-States . . . 2-63 Part 2—Selecting the Key Transient Events to Model . . . 2-67 Part 3—Performing a Transient Analysis. . . 2-67 ANALYSISWITHOUT SURGE PROTECTION . . . 2-67 ANALYSISWITH SURGE-PROTECTION EQUIPMENT. . . 2-72 Part 4—Color-Coding Maps, Profiles, and Point Histories. . . 2-78
Chapter 3: Understanding the Workspace
85
Stand-Alone . . . 3-85 The Drawing View . . . 3-85 PANNING. . . 3-85 ZOOMING. . . 3-86
Zoom Dependent Visibility . . . 3-90
DRAWING STYLE . . . 3-92 Using Aerial View. . . 3-92 Using Background Layers . . . 3-94 IMAGE PROPERTIES. . . 3-100 SHAPEFILE PROPERTIES. . . 3-102 DXF PROPERTIES . . . 3-103 Show Flow Arrows (Stand-Alone) . . . 3-104 ArcGIS Mode . . . 3-104 MicroStation Environment . . . 3-104 Getting Started in the MicroStation environment . . . 3-105 The MicroStation Environment Graphical Layout . . . 3-108 MicroStation Project Files . . . 3-109 SAVING YOUR PROJECTIN MICROSTATION. . . 3-110 Bentley WaterGEMS V8i Element Properties . . . 3-110 ELEMENT PROPERTIES. . . 3-110 ELEMENT LEVELS DIALOG . . . .3-111 TEXT STYLES. . . .3-111 Working with Elements . . . .3-111 EDIT ELEMENTS. . . 3-112 DELETING ELEMENTS. . . 3-112 MODIFYING ELEMENTS. . . 3-112 CONTEXT MENU. . . 3-112 Working with Elements Using MicroStation Commands . . . 3-112 BENTLEY WATERGEMS V8I CUSTOM MICROSTATION ENTITIES. . . 3-113 MICROSTATION COMMANDS. . . 3-113 MOVING ELEMENTS . . . 3-113 MOVING ELEMENT LABELS. . . 3-114
Working in AutoCAD. . . 3-115 The AutoCAD Workspace . . . 3-116 AUTOCAD INTEGRATIONWITH WATERGEMS V8I . . . 3-116 GETTING STARTED WITHIN AUTOCAD . . . 3-117 MENUS. . . 3-117 TOOLBARS. . . 3-118 DRAWING SETUP. . . 3-118 SYMBOL VISIBILITY . . . 3-118 AUTOCAD PROJECT FILES . . . 3-119 DRAWING SYNCHRONIZATION. . . .3-120 SAVINGTHE DRAWINGAS DRAWING*.DWG. . . .3-121 Working with Elements Using AutoCAD Commands . . . .3-121 WATERGEMS V8I CUSTOM AUTOCAD ENTITIES. . . .3-122 EXPLODE ELEMENTS. . . .3-123 MOVING ELEMENTS. . . .3-123 MOVING ELEMENT LABELS. . . .3-123 SNAP MENU . . . .3-123 POLYGON ELEMENT VISIBILITY. . . .3-123 UNDO/REDO . . . .3-124 CONTOUR LABELING . . . .3-124
Working in ArcGIS . . . .3-125 ArcGIS Integration. . . .3-126 ARCGIS INTEGRATIONWITH BENTLEY WATERGEMS V8I . . . .3-127
Registering and Unregistering Bentley WaterGEMS V8i with ArcGIS . . . . .3-127 ArcGIS Applications . . . .3-128 Using ArcCatalog with a Bentley WaterGEMS V8i Database . . . .3-128 ARCCATALOG GEODATABASE COMPONENTS . . . .3-128 The Bentley WaterGEMS V8i ArcMap Client . . . .3-129 GETTING STARTED WITHTHE ARCMAP CLIENT. . . .3-129 MANAGING PROJECTS IN ARCMAP. . . .3-130 ATTACH GEODATABASE DIALOG. . . .3-131 LAYINGOUTA MODELINTHE ARCMAP CLIENT. . . .3-132 USING GEOTABLES . . . .3-132 WATERGEMS V8I RENDERER. . . .3-133 SHOW FLOW ARROWS (ARCGIS). . . .3-134 Multiple Client Access to WaterGEMS V8i Projects . . . .3-134 Synchronizing the GEMS Datastore and the Geodatabase . . . .3-134 Rollbacks. . . .3-135 Adding New Bentley WaterGEMS V8i Nodes To An Existing Model In ArcMAP3-135
Adding New Bentley WaterGEMS V8i Pipes To An Existing Model In ArcMAP .3-136
Creating Backups of Your ArcGIS WaterGEMS V8i Project . . . .3-137 Google Earth Export . . . .3-137 Google Earth Export from the MicroStation Platform . . . .3-138
Chapter 4: Creating Models
149
Starting a Project . . . 4-149 Bentley WaterGEMS V8i Projects. . . 4-150 Setting Project Properties . . . 4-151 Setting Options . . . 4-152 OPTIONS DIALOG BOX - GLOBAL TAB . . . 4-153Stored Prompt Responses Dialog Box . . . 4-157
OPTIONS DIALOG BOX - PROJECT TAB . . . 4-158 OPTIONS DIALOG BOX - DRAWING TAB. . . 4-160 OPTIONS DIALOG BOX - UNITS TAB. . . 4-162 OPTIONS DIALOG BOX - LABELING TAB. . . 4-165 OPTIONS DIALOG BOX - PROJECTWISE TAB . . . 4-166 Working with ProjectWise . . . 4-167 ABOUT PROJECTWISE GEOSPATIAL . . . 4-173
Maintaining Project Geometry . . . 4-174 Setting the Project Spatial Reference System . . . 4-174 Interaction with ProjectWise Explorer. . . 4-175
Elements and Element Attributes . . . 4-177 Pipes . . . 4-178 MINOR LOSSES DIALOG BOX . . . 4-180 MINOR LOSS COEFFICIENTS DIALOG BOX. . . 4-182 WAVE SPEED CALCULATOR . . . 4-184 Junctions . . . 4-186 DEMAND COLLECTION DIALOG BOX . . . 4-187 UNIT DEMAND COLLECTION DIALOG BOX . . . 4-187 Hydrants . . . 4-188 HYDRANT FLOW CURVE MANAGER. . . 4-188 HYDRANT FLOW CURVE EDITOR. . . 4-189 HYDRANT LATERAL LOSS. . . 4-191 Tanks . . . 4-191 Reservoirs . . . 4-193 Pumps . . . 4-194 PUMP DEFINITIONS DIALOG BOX . . . 4-195
Efficiency Points Table . . . 4-203
PUMP CURVE DIALOG BOX. . . 4-203 FLOW-EFFICIENCY CURVE DIALOG BOX . . . 4-204 SPEED-EFFICIENCY CURVE DIALOG BOX. . . 4-205 PUMPAND MOTOR INERTIA CALCULATOR. . . 4-205 Variable Speed Pump Battery . . . 4-206 Valves . . . 4-207 DEFINING VALVE CHARACTERISTICS. . . 4-211
Valve Characteristics Dialog Box . . . 4-212 Valve Characteristic Curve Dialog Box. . . 4-214
MODELING HYDRAULIC TRANSIENTSIN HYDROPOWER PLANTS . . . .4-221 TURBINE PARAMETERSIN HAMMER . . . .4-225 TURBINE CURVE DIALOG BOX . . . .4-226 Periodic Head-Flow Elements . . . .4-227 PERIODIC HEAD-FLOW PATTERN DIALOG BOX . . . .4-227 Air Valves . . . .4-228 Hydropneumatic Tanks . . . .4-231 VARIABLE ELEVATION CURVE DIALOG BOX. . . .4-233 Surge Valves . . . .4-234 Check Valves. . . .4-235 Rupture Disks . . . .4-236 Discharge to Atmosphere Elements . . . .4-236 Orifice Between Pipes Elements . . . .4-238 Valve with Linear Area Change Elements . . . .4-239 Surge Tanks . . . .4-239 Other Tools . . . .4-244 BORDER TOOL. . . .4-245 TEXT TOOL . . . .4-245 LINE TOOL. . . .4-246 How The Pressure Engine Loads Bentley HAMMER Elements . . . .4-247 Adding Elements to Your Model . . . .4-248 Manipulating Elements . . . .4-249 Select Elements . . . .4-249 Splitting Pipes . . . .4-251 Reconnect Pipes . . . .4-252 Modeling Curved Pipes . . . .4-252 POLYLINE VERTICES DIALOG BOX . . . .4-253 Assign Isolation Valves to Pipes Dialog Box . . . .4-253 Batch Pipe Split Dialog Box. . . .4-255 BATCH PIPE SPLIT WORKFLOW . . . .4-256 Merge Nodes in Close Proximity . . . .4-257 Editing Element Attributes . . . .4-258 Property Editor . . . .4-258 LABELING ELEMENTS. . . .4-261 RELABELING ELEMENTS. . . .4-261 SET FIELD OPTIONS DIALOG BOX . . . .4-261
Using Named Views . . . .4-262 Using Selection Sets. . . .4-264 Selection Sets Manager . . . .4-265 Group-Level Operations on Selection Sets . . . .4-271 Using the Network Navigator . . . .4-272 Using the Duplicate Labels Query. . . .4-278 Using the Pressure Zone Manager . . . .4-279
Zones . . . 4-294 Engineering Libraries . . . 4-296 Hyperlinks . . . 4-299 Using Queries . . . 4-307 Queries Manager . . . 4-307 QUERY PARAMETERS DIALOG BOX. . . 4-310 Creating Queries . . . 4-311 USINGTHE LIKE OPERATOR. . . 4-316
User Data Extensions . . . 4-318 User Data Extensions Dialog Box . . . 4-321 Sharing User Data Extensions Among Element Types . . . 4-325 Shared Field Specification Dialog Box. . . 4-326 Enumeration Editor Dialog Box . . . 4-327 User Data Extensions Import Dialog Box. . . 4-328 Customization Manager . . . 4-328 Customization Editor Dialog Box . . . 4-329
Chapter 5: Using ModelBuilder to Transfer Existing Data
331
Preparing to Use ModelBuilder . . . 5-331 ModelBuilder Connections Manager . . . 5-334 ModelBuilder Wizard . . . 5-338 Step 1—Specify Data Source . . . 5-339 Step 2—Specify Spatial Options . . . 5-341 Step 3 - Specify Element Create/Remove/Update Options . . . 5-343 Step 4—Additional Options . . . 5-345 Step 5—Specify Field mappings for each Table/Feature Class . . . 5-348 Step 6—Build operation Confirmation . . . 5-352 Reviewing Your Results . . . 5-353 Multi-select Data Source Types . . . 5-353 ModelBuilder Warnings and Error Messages . . . 5-353 Warnings . . . 5-354 Error Messages . . . 5-355 ESRI ArcGIS Geodatabase Support . . . 5-356 Geodatabase Features . . . 5-356 Geometric Networks . . . 5-357 ArcGIS Geodatabase Features versus ArcGIS Geometric Network . . . 5-357
GIS-ID Collection Dialog Box . . . .5-362 Specifying a SQL WHERE clause in ModelBuilder . . . .5-363 Modelbuilder Import Procedures . . . .5-363 Importing Pump Definitions Using ModelBuilder . . . .5-364 Using ModelBuilder to Import Pump Curves . . . .5-369 Using ModelBuilder to Import Patterns . . . .5-373 Using ModelBuilder to Import Time Series Data . . . .5-377 Oracle as a Data Source for ModelBuilder . . . .5-383 Oracle/ArcSDE Behavior. . . .5-384
Chapter 6: Applying Elevation Data with TRex
385
The Importance of Accurate Elevation Data . . . .6-385 Numerical Value of Elevation . . . .6-386 Accuracy and Precision. . . .6-387 Obtaining Elevation Data . . . .6-387 Record Types. . . .6-389 Calibration Nodes . . . .6-390 TRex Terrain Extractor . . . .6-390 TRex Wizard. . . .6-392
Chapter 7: Allocating Demands using LoadBuilder
399
Using GIS for Demand Allocation . . . .7-399 Allocation. . . .7-400 Billing Meter Aggregation . . . .7-402 Distribution . . . .7-403 Projection . . . .7-405 Using LoadBuilder to Assign Loading Data . . . .7-406 LoadBuilder Manager . . . .7-406 LoadBuilder Wizard . . . .7-407 LoadBuilder Run Summary . . . .7-419 Unit Line Method . . . .7-419 Generating Thiessen Polygons . . . .7-421 Thiessen Polygon Creator Dialog Box . . . .7-424 Creating Boundary Polygon Feature Classes . . . .7-426 Demand Control Center . . . .7-427
Unit Demand Control Center . . . 7-435 Pressure Dependent Demands. . . 7-437
Chapter 8: Reducing Model Complexity with Skelebrator
443
Skeletonization . . . 8-444 Skeletonization Example . . . 8-445 Common Automated Skeletonization Techniques . . . 8-447 Generic—Data Scrubbing . . . 8-447 Generic—Branch Trimming . . . 8-447 Generic—Series Pipe Removal . . . 8-448 Skeletonization Using Skelebrator. . . 8-449 Skelebrator—Smart Pipe Removal . . . 8-449 Skelebrator—Branch Collapsing . . . 8-450 Skelebrator—Series Pipe Merging . . . 8-451 Skelebrator—Parallel Pipe Merging. . . 8-453 Skelebrator—Other Skelebrator Features . . . 8-454 Skelebrator—Conclusion . . . 8-455 Using the Skelebrator Software . . . 8-456 Skeletonizer Manager . . . 8-457 BATCH RUN. . . 8-461 PROTECTED ELEMENTS MANAGER . . . 8-463
Selecting Elements from Skelebrator . . . 8-463
Manual Skeletonization . . . 8-466 Branch Collapsing Operations . . . 8-468 Parallel Pipe Merging Operations . . . 8-470 Series Pipe Merging Operations . . . 8-472 Smart Pipe Removal Operations . . . 8-476 Conditions and Tolerances . . . 8-478 PIPE CONDITIONSAND TOLERANCES. . . 8-479 JUNCTION CONDITIONSAND TOLERANCES. . . 8-479 Skelebrator Progress Summary Dialog Box . . . 8-480 Backing Up Your Model. . . 8-481 Skeletonization and Scenarios . . . 8-481 Importing/Exporting Skelebrator Settings . . . 8-482 Skeletonization and Active Topology . . . 8-484
. . . The Scenario Cycle9-488 . . . .9-488 . . . Scenario Attributes and Alternatives9-489 . . . A Familiar Parallel9-489 . . . Inheritance9-490 OVERRIDING INHERITANCE. . . .9-491 . . . DYNAMIC INHERITANCE9-491 . . . Local and Inherited Values9-492 . . . Minimizing Effort through Attribute Inheritance9-492 . . . Minimizing Effort through Scenario Inheritance9-493 Scenario Example - A Water Distribution System . . . .9-494 . . . Building the Model (Average Day Conditions)9-494 . . . Analyzing Different Demands (Maximum Day Conditions)9-495 . . . Another Set of Demands (Peak Hour Conditions)9-496 . . . Correcting an Error9-496 . . . Analyzing Improvement Suggestions9-497 . . . Finalizing the Project9-497 . . . Advantages to Automated Scenario Management9-498 Scenarios . . . .9-499 Scenarios Manager . . . .9-499 Base and Child Scenarios . . . .9-500 . . . Creating Scenarios9-501 . . . EDITING SCENARIOS9-502 Scenario Comparison Dialog Box . . . .9-502 Running Multiple Scenarios at Once (Batch Runs) . . . .9-502 Batch Run Editor Dialog Box. . . .9-504 Alternatives . . . .9-504 Alternatives Manager . . . .9-505 Alternative Editor Dialog Box. . . .9-507 . . . .Base and Child Alternatives9-508 . . . Creating Alternatives9-508 . . . Editing Alternatives9-509 Active Topology Alternative . . . .9-510 Physical Alternative . . . .9-512 Demand Alternatives . . . .9-513 Initial Settings Alternative . . . .9-514 Operational Alternatives . . . .9-515 Age Alternatives . . . .9-516 Constituent Alternatives . . . .9-517 CONSTITUENTS MANAGER DIALOG BOX. . . .9-518 Trace Alternative . . . .9-519 Fire Flow Alternative . . . .9-520 . . . F D B 9-525
Flushing Alternative . . . 9-529 User Data Extensions . . . 9-531 Scenario Comparison . . . 9-531 Scenario Comparison Options Dialog Box. . . 9-534 Scenario Comparison Collection Dialog Box . . . 9-535
Chapter 10: Modeling Capabilities
537
Model and Optimize a Distribution System. . . 10-537 Steady-State/Extended Period Simulation . . . 10-538 Steady-State Simulation. . . 10-539 Extended Period Simulation (EPS) . . . 10-539 Hydraulic Transient Pressure Analysis . . . 10-540 Rigid-Column Simulation . . . 10-541 Data Requirements and Boundary Conditions. . . 10-542 Analysis of Transient Forces . . . 10-543 Infrastructure and Risk Management. . . 10-544 Water Column Separation and Vapor Pockets. . . 10-545 GLOBAL ADJUSTMENTTO VAPOR PRESSURE . . . 10-546 GLOBAL ADJUSTMENTTO WAVE SPEED . . . 10-546 WAVE SPEED REDUCTION FACTOR. . . 10-546 AUTOMATICOR DIRECT SELECTIONOFTHE TIME STEP. . . 10-547 Validate . . . 10-548 Orifice Demand and Intrusion Potential . . . 10-549 Numerical Model Calibration and Validation . . . 10-550 GATHERING FIELD MEASUREMENTS . . . 10-552 TIMINGAND SHAPEOF TRANSIENT PRESSURE PULSES. . . 10-552 Application of HAMMER to Typical Problems - Overview . . . 10-553 How Valve Discharge Coefficient Values are Exported to the HAMMER Engine . 10-555
Copy Initial Conditions Dialog Box . . . 10-556 Selection of the Time Step . . . 10-557 Using a User-Defined Time Step . . . 10-558 Transient Time Step Options Dialog . . . 10-559 Global Demand and Roughness Adjustments . . . 10-560 Check Data/Validate. . . 10-562 User Notifications . . . 10-563
Post Calculation Processor . . . .10-570 Flow Emitters. . . .10-571 Parallel VSPs . . . .10-572 Calculation Options . . . .10-573 Controlling Results Output . . . .10-581 Flow Tolerance . . . .10-583 Determining the Transient Run Duration . . . .10-583 Vapor Pressure . . . .10-584 Selecting the Transient Friction Method . . . .10-585 Patterns . . . .10-587 Pattern Manager . . . .10-589 Controls . . . .10-593 Controls Tab . . . .10-595 Conditions Tab. . . .10-599 Actions Tab . . . .10-606 Control Sets Tab . . . .10-610 LOGICAL CONTROL SETS DIALOG BOX. . . 10-611 Control Wizard. . . .10-612 Active Topology . . . .10-613 Active Topology Selection Dialog Box . . . .10-614 External Tools . . . .10-616 SCADAConnect . . . .10-617 Mapping SCADA Signals . . . .10-620 Connection Manager . . . .10-622 Data Source Manager . . . .10-624 Custom Queries . . . .10-625 Modeling Tips . . . .10-626 Modeling a Pumped Groundwater Well. . . .10-626 Modeling Parallel Pipes. . . .10-627 Modeling Pumps in Parallel and Series. . . .10-628 Modeling Hydraulically Close Tanks . . . .10-629 Modeling Fire Hydrants . . . .10-629 Modeling a Connection to an Existing Water Main . . . .10-629 Top Feed/Bottom Gravity Discharge Tank. . . .10-631 Estimating Hydrant Discharge Using Flow Emitters . . . .10-632 Modeling Variable Speed Pumps . . . .10-634 TYPESOF VARIABLE SPEED PUMPS . . . .10-635 PATTERN BASED. . . .10-635 FIXED HEAD . . . .10-635 CONTROLSWITH FIXED HEAD OPERATION . . . .10-636
FIXED FLOW VSP . . . 10-639
Chapter 11: Presenting Your Results
641
Transients Results Viewer Dialog (New) . . . 11-641 Profiles Tab. . . 11-642 TRANSIENT PROFILE VIEWER DIALOG BOX . . . 11-643
Transient Profile Viewer Options Dialog Box . . . 11-645
Time Histories Tab . . . 11-646 ADDITIONALLY, THISTABREPORTSTHEFOLLOWING TIME HISTORY POINT STATIS -TICS:TRANSIENT RESULTS GRAPH VIEWER DIALOG BOX . . . 11-646 Annotating Your Model . . . 11-647 Using Folders in the Element Symbology Manager. . . 11-651 Annotation Properties . . . 11-654 FREE FORM ANNOTATION DIALOG BOX. . . 11-655
Color Coding A Model . . . 11-656 Color Coding Legends . . . 11-660 Contours. . . 11-660 Contour Definition . . . 11-662 Contour Plot . . . 11-664 Contour Browser Dialog Box . . . 11-665 Enhanced Pressure Contours . . . 11-666 Using Profiles. . . 11-666 Profile Setup . . . 11-668 Profile Series Options Dialog Box . . . 11-669 Profile Viewer. . . 11-670 Viewing and Editing Data in FlexTables . . . 11-678 FlexTables . . . 11-678 Working with FlexTable Folders . . . 11-680 FlexTable Dialog Box . . . 11-681 Opening FlexTables . . . 11-682 Creating a New FlexTable . . . 11-683 Deleting FlexTables . . . 11-683 Naming and Renaming FlexTables . . . 11-683 Editing FlexTables . . . 11-684 Sorting and Filtering FlexTable Data . . . 11-687 CUSTOM SORT DIALOG BOX. . . 11-690 Customizing Your FlexTable . . . 11-691 Element Relabeling Dialog . . . 11-692 FlexTable Setup Dialog Box. . . 11-693 Copying, Exporting, and Printing FlexTable Data . . . 11-695
Using Standard Reports . . . 11-697 REPORTSFOR INDIVIDUAL ELEMENTS. . . 11-697 CREATINGA SCENARIO SUMMARY REPORT . . . 11-698 CREATINGA PROJECT INVENTORY REPORT . . . 11-698 CREATINGA PRESSURE PIPE INVENTORY REPORT. . . 11-698 REPORT OPTIONS. . . 11-698
Graphs . . . 11-699 Graph Manager . . . 11-700 ADDTO GRAPH DIALOG BOX. . . 11-702 Printing a Graph . . . 11-702 Working with Graph Data: Viewing and Copying. . . 11-702 Graph Dialog Box . . . 11-703 GRAPH SERIES OPTIONS DIALOG BOX. . . 11-708 OBSERVED DATA DIALOG BOX. . . 11-709
Sample Observed Data Source . . . 11-710
Chart Options Dialog Box . . . 11-711 Chart Options Dialog Box - Chart Tab . . . 11-712 SERIES TAB. . . 11-713 PANEL TAB . . . 11-713 AXES TAB . . . 11-716 GENERAL TAB. . . 11-723 TITLES TAB . . . 11-724 WALLS TAB. . . 11-729 PAGING TAB . . . 11-730 LEGEND TAB . . . 11-731 3D TAB. . . 11-737 Chart Options Dialog Box - Series Tab . . . 11-738 FORMAT TAB. . . 11-738 POINT TAB . . . 11-739 GENERAL TAB. . . 11-740 DATA SOURCE TAB . . . 11-741 MARKS TAB. . . 11-742 Chart Options Dialog Box - Tools Tab . . . 11-746 Chart Options Dialog Box - Export Tab . . . 11-747 Chart Options Dialog Box - Print Tab . . . 11-749 Border Editor Dialog Box. . . 11-750 Gradient Editor Dialog Box . . . 11-751 Color Editor Dialog Box . . . 11-752 Color Dialog Box . . . 11-752 Hatch Brush Editor Dialog Box . . . 11-753 HATCH BRUSH EDITOR DIALOG BOX - SOLID TAB. . . 11-753 HATCH BRUSH EDITOR DIALOG BOX - HATCH TAB . . . 11-754 HATCH BRUSH EDITOR DIALOG BOX - GRADIENT TAB. . . 11-754
Chart Tools Gallery Dialog Box . . . 11-757 CHART TOOLS GALLERY DIALOG BOX - SERIES TAB . . . 11-757 CHART TOOLS GALLERY DIALOG BOX - AXIS TAB . . . 11-761 CHART TOOLS GALLERY DIALOG BOX - OTHER TAB . . . 11-764 TeeChart Gallery Dialog Box . . . 11-769 SERIES . . . 11-769 FUNCTIONS . . . 11-770 Customizing a Graph . . . 11-770 Time Series Field Data . . . 11-775 SELECT ASSOCIATED MODELING ATTRIBUTE DIALOG BOX. . . 11-777 Calculation Summary . . . 11-778 Calculation Summary Graph Series Options Dialog Box. . . 11-779 Print Preview Window . . . 11-780
Chapter 12: Importing and Exporting Data
783
Moving Data and Images between Model(s) and other Files . . . 12-783 Importing a WaterGEMS V8i Database . . . 12-785 Exporting a HAMMER v7 Model . . . 12-785 Importing and Exporting Epanet Files . . . 12-786 Importing and Exporting Submodel Files . . . 12-786 Exporting a Submodel . . . 12-787 Importing a Bentley Water Model . . . 12-787 Oracle Login . . . 12-789 Exporting a DXF File . . . 12-789 File Upgrade Wizard . . . 12-789 Export to Shapefile . . . 12-790
Chapter 13: Technical Reference
791
Pressure Network Hydraulics. . . 13-791 Network Hydraulics Theory . . . 13-791 The Energy Principle . . . 13-792 The Energy Equation . . . 13-793 Hydraulic and Energy Grades . . . 13-794 Conservation of Mass and Energy. . . 13-795 The Gradient Algorithm . . . 13-796 Derivation of the Gradient Algorithm . . . 13-796
FLOW CONTROL VALVES (FCVS) . . . .13-804 PRESSURE REDUCING VALVES (PRVS) . . . .13-804 PRESSURE SUSTAINING VALVES (PSVS) . . . .13-804 PRESSURE BREAKER VALVES (PBVS) . . . .13-804 THROTTLE CONTROL VALVES (TCVS) . . . .13-805 GENERAL PURPOSE VALVES (GPVS) . . . .13-805 Friction and Minor Loss Methods . . . .13-805 Chezy’s Equation . . . .13-805 Colebrook-White Equation . . . .13-806 Hazen-Williams Equation . . . .13-806 Darcy-Weisbach Equation. . . .13-807 Swamee and Jain Equation. . . .13-808 Manning’s Equation. . . .13-809 Minor Losses . . . .13-810 Water Quality Theory . . . 13-811 Advective Transport in Pipes. . . 13-811 Mixing at Pipe Junctions . . . 13-811 Mixing in Storage Facilities . . . .13-812 Bulk Flow Reactions . . . .13-813 Pipe Wall Reactions . . . .13-815 System of Equations . . . .13-817 Lagrangian Transport Algorithm . . . .13-817 Engineer’s Reference . . . .13-819 Roughness Values—Manning’s Equation . . . .13-819 Roughness Values—Darcy-Weisbach Equation (Colebrook-White) . . . .13-820 Roughness Values—Hazen-Williams Equation. . . .13-820 Typical Roughness Values for Pressure Pipes . . . .13-822 Fitting Loss Coefficients . . . .13-823 Genetic Algorithms Methodology . . . .13-824 Darwin Calibrator Methodology . . . .13-824 CALIBRATION FORMULATION . . . .13-825 CALIBRATION OBJECTIVES. . . .13-826 CALIBRATION CONSTRAINTS. . . .13-827 GENETIC ALGORITHM OPTIMIZED CALIBRATION. . . .13-828 Darwin Designer Methodology . . . .13-828 MODEL LEVEL 1: LEAST COST OPTIMIZATION. . . .13-829 MODEL LEVEL 2: MAXIMUM BENEFIT OPTIMIZATION . . . .13-829 MODEL LEVEL 3: COST-BENEFIT TRADE-OFF OPTIMIZATION . . . .13-829
Design Variables . . . 13-830 Cost Objective Functions . . . 13-830 New Pipe Cost . . . 13-830 Rehabilitation Pipe Cost. . . 13-831
Competent Genetic Algorithms . . . 13-837 Energy Cost Theory. . . 13-839 Pump Powers, Efficiencies, and Energy . . . 13-842 Water Power . . . 13-842 Brake Power and Pump Efficiency. . . 13-843 Motor Power and Motor Efficiency . . . 13-843 Energy . . . 13-844 Cost . . . 13-845 Storage Considerations . . . 13-845 Daily Cost Equivalents . . . 13-846 Variable Speed Pump Theory . . . 13-846 VSP Interactions with Simple and Logical Controls . . . 13-848 Performing Advanced Analyses. . . 13-850 Hydraulic Equivalency Theory . . . 13-850 Principles . . . 13-850 HAZEN-WILLIAMS EQUATION. . . 13-851 MANNING’S EQUATION . . . 13-852 DARCY-WEISBACH EQUATION. . . 13-853 CHECK VALVES . . . 13-855 MINOR LOSSES . . . 13-855 NUMERICAL CHECK . . . 13-855
Thiessen Polygon Generation Theory . . . 13-857 Naïve Method . . . 13-857 Plane Sweep Method. . . 13-858 Method for Modeling Pressure Dependent Demand . . . 13-859 Use Cases . . . 13-860 Supply Level Evaluation . . . 13-861 Pressure Dependent Demand . . . 13-861 Demand Deficit . . . 13-862 Solution Methodology . . . 13-863 Modified GGA Solution . . . 13-864 Direct GGA Solution . . . 13-864 References . . . 13-865 . . . 13-869
Chapter 14: Bentley HAMMER V8i Edition Theory and
Prac-tice
871
Design of Protective Equipment . . . .14-882 Hydraulic Transient Theory . . . .14-882 Conservation of Energy. . . .14-883 Governing Equations for Steady-State Flow . . . .14-884 CONSERVATIONOF MASSAT STEADY STATE . . . .14-886 CONSERVATIONOF ENERGYAT STEADY STATE . . . .14-887 Governing Equations for Unsteady (or Transient) Flow . . . .14-887 CONTINUITY EQUATIONFOR UNSTEADY FLOW . . . .14-888 MOMENTUM EQUATIONFOR UNSTEADY FLOW . . . .14-889 METHODOF CHARACTERISTICS (MOC) . . . .14-890 Rigid Column Theory. . . .14-892 Rigid Column versus Elastic Theory . . . .14-894 Elastic Theory . . . .14-896 Water System Characteristics . . . .14-897 Celerity and Pipe Elasticity . . . .14-897 Wave Propagation and Characteristic Time . . . .14-901 Wave Reflection and Transmission Pipelines . . . .14-902 Type of Networks and Pumping Systems . . . .14-904 Putting It All Together . . . .14-906 Pump Theory . . . .14-907 Pump Characteristics and Behavior . . . .14-908 SPECIFIC SPEED . . . 14-911 Variable-Speed Pumps . . . .14-912 Constant-Horsepower Pumps . . . .14-913 Valve Theory . . . .14-914 Valve Selection and Sizing Considerations . . . .14-915 Typical Valve Bodies and Pistons . . . .14-917 Closing Characteristics of Valves . . . .14-918 Flow-Decreasing Characteristics. . . .14-921 Air Valve Theory . . . .14-921 Extended CAV Method . . . .14-925 Friction and Minor Losses . . . .14-928 Steady State / Extended Period Simulation Friction Methods . . . .14-928 HAZEN-WILLIAMS EQUATION . . . .14-929 DARCY-WEISBACH EQUATION . . . .14-929 MANNING’S EQUATION. . . .14-931 Transient Analysis Friction Methods . . . .14-932 STEADY FRICTION . . . .14-932 QUASI-STEADY FRICTION. . . .14-933 UNSTEADYOR TRANSIENT FRICTION . . . .14-934
Time Step and Computational Reach Length . . . 14-940 TURBINE SIMULATION IN HAMMER . . . 14-943 Four-quadrant Characteristics of Turbomachinery . . . 14-943 Numerical Representation of Hydroelectric Turbines . . . 14-944 Transient Forces . . . 14-946 Developing a Surge-Control Strategy . . . 14-949 Piping System Design and Layout . . . 14-951 Protection Devices . . . 14-952 Approaches to Surge Protection . . . 14-954 SYSTEM-IMPROVEMENT METHOD . . . 14-957 FLOW-SUPPLEMENT APPROACH. . . 14-957 TWO-WAY SURGE TANK. . . 14-958 ONE-WAY SURGE TANK. . . 14-961 GAS VESSELOR AIR CHAMBER . . . 14-961 INCREASEOF INERTIA . . . 14-964 Pump Protection . . . 14-964 CHECK VALVE . . . 14-965 BOOSTER PUMP BYPASS . . . 14-965 Surge-Relief Valves . . . 14-967 Operation and Maintenance . . . 14-974 Engineer’s Reference . . . 14-976 Roughness Values—Manning’s Equation . . . 14-977 Roughness Values—Darcy-Weisbach Equation (Colebrook-White) . . . 14-978 Roughness Values—Hazen-Williams Equation . . . 14-979 Typical Roughness Values for Pressure Pipes . . . 14-980 Fitting Loss Coefficients. . . 14-981 Properties of Common Liquids . . . 14-982 References . . . 14-984
docs.bentley.com . . . .15-990 Bentley Services . . . .15-991 Bentley Discussion Groups . . . .15-992 Bentley on the Web . . . .15-992 TechNotes/Frequently Asked Questions . . . .15-992 BE Magazine . . . .15-992 BE Newsletter . . . .15-992 Client Server . . . .15-993 BE Careers Network . . . .15-993 Contact Bentley Systems . . . .15-993
Chapter 16: Glossary
995
Glossary. . . .16-995 A . . . .16-995 B . . . .16-995 C . . . .16-996 D . . . .16-997 E . . . .16-998 F . . . .16-998 G . . . .16-999 H . . . .16-1000 I . . . .16-1000 L . . . .16-1001 M . . . .16-1001 N . . . .16-1003 O . . . .16-1003 P . . . .16-1004 R . . . .16-1005 S . . . .16-1005 T . . . .16-1007 V . . . .16-1007 W . . . .16-1008 X . . . .16-1009Index
1011
1
Getting Started in
Bentley WaterGEMS
V8i
Municipal License Administrator Auto-Configuration Starting Bentley WaterGEMS V8i
Working with WaterGEMS V8i Files Exiting WaterGEMS V8i
Using Online Help
Software Updates via the Web and Bentley SELECT Troubleshooting
Checking Your Current Registration Status Application Window Layout
Municipal License Administrator
Auto-Configuration
At the conclusion of the installation process, the Municipal License Administrator will be executed, to automatically detect and set the default configuration for your product, if possible. However, if multiple license configurations are detected on the license server, you will need to select which one to use by default, each time the product
starts. If this is the case, you will see the following warning: “Multiple license config-urations are available for WaterGEMS V8i...” Simply press OK to clear the Warning dialog, then press Refresh Configurations to display the list of available configura-tions. Select one and press Make Default, then exit the License Administrator. (You only need to repeat this step if you decide to make a different configuration the default in the future.)
Starting Bentley WaterGEMS V8i
After you have finished installing WaterGEMS V8i, restart your system before starting WaterGEMS V8i for the first time.
To start WaterGEMS V8i
1. Double-click on the WaterGEMS V8i icon on your desktop. or
2. Click Start > All Programs > Bentley > WaterGEMS V8i > WaterGEMS V8i.
Working with WaterGEMS V8i Files
WaterGEMS V8i uses an assortment of data, input, and output files. It is important to understand which are essential, which are temporary holding places for results and which must be transmitted when sending a model to another user. In general, the model is contained in a file with the wtg.mdb extension. This file contains essentially all of the information needed to run the model. This file can be zipped to dramatically reduce its size for moving the file.
The .wtg
file and the drawing file (.dwh, dgn, dwg or .mdb) file contain user supplied data that makes it easier to view the model and should also be zipped and transmitted with the model when moving the model.Other files found with the model are results files. These can be regenerated by running the model again. In general these are binary files which can only be read by the model. Saving these files makes it easy to look at results without the need to rerun the model. Because they can be easily regenerated, these files can be deleted to save space on the storage media.
When archiving a model at the end of the study, usually only the *.wtg.mdb, *.wtg files, and the platform specific supporting files (*.dwh, *.dgn, *.dwg or *.mdb) need
• .bak - backup files of the model files • .cri - results of criticality analysis
• .dgn - drawing file for MicroStation platform • .dwg - drawing file for AutoCAD platform • .dwh - drawing file for stand alone platform • .mdb - access database file for ArcGIS platform • .nrg - results of energy calculations
• .osm - outage segmentation results
• .out - primary output file from hydraulic and water quality analyses • .out.fl - output file from flushing analysis
• .rpc - report file from hydraulic analysis with user notifications • .seg - results of segmentation analysis
• wtg.mdb - main model file
• .wtg - display settings (e.g. color coding, annotation)
• .xml - xml files, generally libraries, window and other settings. Some modules like ModelBuilder also use .xml files to store settings independent of the main model.
Using the Custom Results File Path Option
When the Specify Custom Results File Path option (found under Tools > Options > Project Tab) is on for the project, the result files will be stored in the custom path spec-ified when the project is closed. When the project is open, all of the applicable result files (if any) will be moved (not copied) to the temporary directory to be worked on. The result files will then be moved back to the custom directory when the project is closed.
The advantages of this are that moving a file on disk is very quick, as opposed to copying a file, which can be very slow. Also, if you have your project stored on a network drive and you specify a custom results path on your local disk, then you will avoid network transfer times as well. The disadvantages are that, should the program crash or the project somehow doesn’t close properly, then the results files will not be moved back and will be lost.
If you then wish to share these results files with another user of the model, you can use the Copy Results To Project Directory command (Tools > Database Utilities > Copy Results To Project Directory) to copy the results files to the saved location of the model. The user receiving the files may then use the Update Results From Project Directory command (Tools > Database Utilities > Update Results From Project Direc-tory) to copy the results files from the project directory to their custom results file path.
Exiting WaterGEMS V8i
To exit WaterGEMS V8i
1. Click the application window's Close icon.
or
From the File menu, choose Exit.
Note: If you have made changes to the project file without saving, the following dialog box will open. Click Yes to save before exiting, No to exit without saving, or Cancel to stop the operation.
Using Online Help
WaterGEMS V8i Help menu and Help window are used to access WaterGEMS
V8i extensive online help.
Context-sensitive online help is available. Hypertext links, which appear in
color and are underlined when you pass the pointer over them, allow you to
move easily between related topics.
Note: Certain Windows DLLs must be present on your computer in order to use Online Help. Make sure you have Microsoft Internet Explorer (Version 5.5 or greater) installed. You do not need to change your default browser as long as Internet Explorer is installed.
To open the Help window
1. From the Help menu, choose WaterGEMS V8i Help.
The Help window opens, and the Table of Contents displays.
The Help window consists of two panes - the navigation pane on the left and the topic pane on the right.
2. To get help on a dialog box control or a selected element:
Press <F1> and the Help window opens (unless it is already open) and shows the information about the selected element.
Subtopics within a help topic are collapsed by default. While a subtopic is
collapsed only its heading is visible. To make visible a subtopic's body text and
graphics you must expand the subtopic.
To expand a subtopic
Click the expand (+) icon to the left of the subtopic heading or the heading
itself.
To collapse a subtopic
Click the collapse (-) icon to the left of the subtopic heading or the heading
itself.
The navigation pane has the following tabs: • Contents - used for browsing topics. • Index - index of help content.
• Search - used for full-text searching of the help content. • Favorites - customizable list of your favorite topics
To browse topics using the Contents tab
1. On the Contents tab, click the folder symbol next to any book folder (such
as Getting Started, Using Scenarios and Alternatives) to expand its
contents.
2. Continue expanding folders until you reach the desired topic.
3. Select a topic to display its content in the topic pane.
To display the next or previous topic according to the topic order shown in the Contents tab
To display the next topic, click the right arrow or to display the previous topic, click the left.
To use the index of help content
1. Click the Index tab.
2. In the search field, type the word you are searching for. or
Scroll through the index using the scroll bar to find a specific entry. 3. Select the desired entry and click the Display button.
or
Double-click the desired entry.
Note: If you select an entry that has subtopics, a dialog box opens
from which you can select the desired subtopic. In this case,
select the subtopic and click the Display button.
To search for text in the help content
1. Click the Search tab.
2. In the search field, type the word or phrase for which you are searching. 3. Click the List Topics button.
Results of the search display in the list box below the search field. 4. Select the desired topic and click the Display button.
or
Double-click the desired topic.
Search results vary based on the quality of the search criteria entered in the Search field. The more specific the search criteria, the more narrow the search results. You can improve your search results by improving the search criteria. For example, a word is considered to be a group of contiguous alphanumeric characters. A phrase is a group of words and their punctuation. A search string is a word or phrase on which you search.
A search string finds any topic that contains all of the words in the string. You
can improve the search by enclosing the search string in quotation marks. This
type of search finds only topics that contain the exact string in the quotation
marks.
To add a help topic to a list of “favorite” help topics
1. In the Contents, Index, or Search tabs, select the desired help topic.
2. Click the Favorites tab.
The selected help topic automatically displays in the “Current topic” field
at the bottom of the tab.
3. Click the Add button.
To display a topic from your Favorites list
1. Click the Favorites tab.
2. In the list box, select the desired topic and click the Display button.
or
Double-click the desired topic.
Online help is periodically updated and posted on Bentley's Documentation
Web site, http://docs.bentley.com/ for downloading. On this site you can also
browse the current help content for this product and other Bentley products.
Software Updates via the Web and Bentley SELECT
Bentley SELECT is the comprehensive delivery and support subscription program that features product updates and upgrades via Web downloads, around-the-clock technical support, exclusive licensing options, discounts on training and consulting services, as well as technical information and support channels. It’s easy to stay up-to-date with the latest advances in our software. Software upup-to-dates can be downloaded from our Web site, and your version of Bentley WaterGEMS V8i can then be upgraded to the current version quickly and easily. Just click Check for Updates on the toolbar to launch your preferred Web browser and open our Web site. The Web site automatically checks to see if your installed version is the latest available, and if not, it provides you with the opportunity to download the correct upgrade to bring it up-to-date. You can also access our KnowledgeBase for answers to your Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs).Note: Your PC must be connected to the Internet to use the Check for
Updates button.
Troubleshooting
Due to the multitasking capabilities of Windows, you may have applications running in the background that make it difficult for software setup and installations to deter-mine the configuration of your current system.
Try these steps before contacting our technical support staff
1. Shut down and restart your computer.
2. Verify that there are no other programs running. You can see applications currently in use by pressing Ctrl+Shift+Esc in Windows 2000 and Windows XP. Exit any applications that are running.
3. Disable any antivirus software that you are running.
Caution: After you install Bentley WaterGEMS V8i , make certain that you restart any antivirus software you have disabled. Failure to restart your antivirus software leaves you exposed to potentially destructive computer viruses.
If these steps fail to successfully install or uninstall the product, contact Technical Support.
Checking Your Current Registration Status
After you have registered the software, you can check your current registration status by opening the About... box from within the software itself.
To view your registration information
1. Select Help > About Bentley WaterGEMS V8i .
2. The version and build number for Bentley WaterGEMS V8i display in the lower-left corner of the About Bentley WaterGEMS V8i dialog box.
The current registration status is also displayed, including: user name and
company, serial number, license type and check-in status, feature level, expiration date, and SELECT Server information.
Application Window Layout
The WaterGEMS V8i application window contains toolbars that provide access to frequently used menu commands and are organized by the type of functionality offered. Standard Toolbar Edit Toolbar Analysis Toolbar Scenarios Toolbar Compute Toolbar View Toolbar Help Toolbar Layout Toolbar Tools Toolbar Zoom Toolbar
WaterGEMS V8i Dynamic Manager Display
Standard Toolbar
The Standard toolbar contains controls for opening, closing, saving, and printing WaterGEMS V8i projects.
The Standard toolbar is arranged as follows:
To Use
Create a new Bentley WaterGEMS V8i project. When you select this command, the Select File to Create dialog box opens, allowing you to define a name and directory location for the new project.
New
Open an existing Bentley WaterGEMS V8i
project. When this command is initialized, the Select Bentley WaterGEMS V8i Project to Open dialog box opens, allowing you to browse to the project to be opened.
Open
Closes the currently open project. Close
Edit Toolbar
The Edit toolbar contains controls for deleting, finding, undoing, and redoing actions in WaterGEMS V8i.
Save the current project. Save
Save all the projects that are opened. Save All
Open the Print Preview window, displaying the current view of the network as it will be printed. Choose Fit to Page to print the entire network scaled to fit on a single page or Scaled to print the network at the scale defined by the values set in the Drawing tab of the project Options dialog (Tools > Options). If the model is printed to scale, it may contain one or more pages (depending on how large the model is relative to the page size specified in the Page Settings dialog, which is accessed through the Print Preview window).
Print Preview
Print the current view of the network. Choose Fit to Page to print the entire network scaled to fit on a single page or Scaled to print the network at the scale defined by the values set in the Drawing tab of the project Options dialog (Tools > Options).
If the model is printed to scale, it may contain one or more pages (depending on how large the model is relative to the page size specified in the Page Settings dialog, which is accessed through the Print Preview window).
The Edit toolbar is arranged as follows:
Analysis Toolbar
The Analysis toolbar contains controls for analyzing WaterGEMS V8i projects.
To Use
Cancel your most recent action. Undo
Redo the last canceled action. Redo
Delete the currently selected element(s) from the network.
Delete
Removes the highlighting that can be applied using the Network Navigator.
Clear Highlight
Find a specific element by choosing it from a menu containing all elements in the current model.
The Analysis toolbar is arranged as follows:
To Use
Open the Totalizing Flow Meters dialog box, which allows you to view, edit, and create flow meter definitions.
Totalizing Flow Meters
Open the Hydrant Flow Curves dialog box, which allows you to view, edit, and create hydrant flow definitions.
Hydrant Flow Curves
Open the System Head Curves dialog box, where you can view, edit, and create system head definitions.
System Head Curves
Open the Post Calculation Processor, where you can perform statistical analysis for an element or elements on various results obtained during an extended period simulation calculation.
Post
Calculation Processor
Open the Energy Costs dialog box, where you can view, edit, and create energy cost scenarios.
Energy Costs
Open the Darwin Calibrator dialog box, where you can view, edit, and create calibration studies.
Darwin Calibrator
Scenarios Toolbar
The Scenarios toolbar contains controls for creating scenarios in WaterGEMS V8i projects.
Open the Darwin Designer dialog box, where you can view, edit, and create designer studies.
Darwin Designer
Open the Darwin Scheduler dialog box, where you can view, edit, and create scheduler studies.
Darwin Scheduler
Open the Criticality dialog box, where you can view, edit, and create criticality studies.
Criticality
Open the Pressure Zone dialog box, where you can view, edit, and create pressure zone studies.
The Scenarios toolbar is arranged as follows:
Compute Toolbar
The Compute toolbar contains controls for computing WaterGEMS V8i projects.
To Use
Change the current scenario. Scenario List
Box
Open the Scenario manager, where you can create, view, and manage project scenarios.
Scenarios
Open the Alternative manager, where you can create, view, and manage project alternatives.
Alternatives
Open the Calculation Options manager, where you can
create different profiles for different
calculation settings.
Calculation Options
The Compute toolbar contains the following:
To Use
Run a diagnostic check on the network data to alert you to possible problems that may be encountered during calculation. This is the manual validation command, and it checks for input data errors. It differs in this respect from the automatic validation that WaterGEMS V8i runs when the compute command is initiated, which checks for network connectivity errors as well as many other things beyond what the manual validation checks.
Validate
Calculate the network. Before calculating, an automatic validation routine is triggered, which checks the model for network connectivity errors and performs other validation.
Compute
Open the EPS Results Browser manager, allowing you to manipulate the currently displayed time step and to animate the drawing pane.
EPS Results Browser
View Toolbar
The View toolbar contains controls for viewing WaterGEMS V8i projects. Open the Fire Flow Results Browser dialog box. Fire Flow
Results Browser
Open the Flushing Results Browser dialog box. Flushing Results Browser
Open the Calculation Summary dialog box. Calculation Summary
Open the User Notifications Manager, allowing you to view warnings and errors uncovered by the validation process. This button does not appear in the toolbar by default but can be added
User
The View toolbar contains the following:
To Use
Open the Element Symbology manager, allowing you to create, view, and manage the element symbol settings for the project.
Element Symbology
Open the Background Layers manager, allowing you to create, view, and manage the background layers associated with the project.
Background Layers
Open the Network Navigator dialog box. Network Navigator
Open the Selection Sets Manager, allowing you to create, view, and modify the selection sets associated with the project.
Selection Sets
Opens the Query Manager. Queries
Opens the Prototypes Manager. Prototypes
Open the FlexTables manager, allowing you to create, view, and manage the tabular reports for the project.
FlexTables
Open the Graph manager, allowing you to create, view, and manage the graphs for the project.
Help Toolbar
The Help toolbar provides quick access to the some of the commands that are avail-able in the Help menu.
Open the Profile manager, allowing you to create, view, and manage the profiles for the project.
Profiles
Open the Contour Manager where you can create, view, and manage contours.
Contours
Open the Named Views manager where you can create, view, and manage named views.
Named Views
Open the Aerial View manager where you can zoom to different elements in the project.
Aerial View
Opens the Property Editor. Properties
The Help toolbar contains the following:
Layout Toolbar
The Layout toolbar is used to lay out a model in the WaterGEMS V8i drawing pane.
To Use
Open your Web browser to the SELECTservices page on the Bentley Web site.
Check for SELECT Updates
Open the Bentley Institute page on the Bentley Web site.
Bentley Institute Training
Open your Web browser to the SELECTservices page on the Bentley Web site.
Bentley SELECT Support
Opens your web browser to the Bentley.com Web site’s main page.
Bentley.com
Opens the Bentley WaterGEMS V8i online help.
The Layout toolbar contains the following:
To Use
Change your mouse cursor into a selection tool. The selection tool behavior varies depending on the direction in which the mouse is dragged after defining the first corner of the selection box, as follows:
• If the selection is made from left-to-right, all elements that fall completely within the selection box that is defined will be selected.
• If the selection is made from right-to-left, all elements that fall completely within the selection box and that cross one or more of the lines of the selection box will be selected.
Select
Change your mouse cursor into a pipe tool. Pipe
Change your mouse cursor into a junction tool. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.
Junction
Change your mouse cursor into a hydrant tool. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.
Hydrant
Change your mouse cursor into a tank element symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.
Tank
Change your mouse cursor into a reservoir element symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.
Reservoir
Change your mouse cursor into a pump element symbol. Clicking the left mouse button while this tool is active causes a pump element
Change your mouse cursor into a pump station element symbol. Clicking the left mouse button while this tool is active causes a pump station element to be placed at the location of the mouse cursor.
Variable Speed Pump Battery
Change your mouse cursor into a valve tool. Click the down arrow to select the type of valve you want to place in your model:
• Pressure Reducing Valve
• Pressure Sustaining Valve
• Pressure Breaker Valve
• Flow Control Valve
• Throttle Control Valve
• General Purpose Valve
Valves
Change your mouse cursor into an isolation valve symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.
Isolation Valve
Change your mouse cursor into a spot elevation symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.
Spot Elevation
Change your mouse cursor into a turbine symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element..
Turbine
Change your mouse cursor into a periodic head-flow symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.
Periodic Head-Flow
Change your mouse cursor into an air valve symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.
Change your mouse cursor into a
hydropneumatic tank symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.
Hydropneumatic Tank
Change your mouse cursor into a surge valve symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.
Surge Valve
Change your mouse cursor into a check valve symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.
Check Valve
Change your mouse cursor into a rupture disk symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.
Rupture Disk
Change your mouse cursor into a discharge to atmosphere symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.
Discharge to Atmosphere
Change your mouse cursor into an orifice between pipes symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.
Orifice Between Pipes
Change your mouse cursor into a valve with linear area change symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.
Valve with Linear Area Change
Tools Toolbar
The Tools toolbar provides quick access to the same commands that are available in the Tools menu.
The Tools toolbar contains the following: Change your mouse cursor into a surge tank symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.
Surge Tank
Change your mouse cursor into a border symbol. When the border tool is active, you can draw a simple box in the drawing pane using the mouse. For example, you might want to draw a border around the entire model.
Border
Change your mouse cursor into a text symbol. When the text tool is active, you can add simple text to your model. Click anywhere in the drawing pane to display the Text Editor dialog box, where you can enter text to be displayed in your model.
Text
Change your mouse cursor into a line symbol. When this tool is active, you can draw lines and polygons in your model using the mouse.
To Use Open a Select dialog to select areas in the drawing. Active Topology
Selection
Open the ModelBuilder Connections Manager, where you can create, edit, and manage ModelBuilder connections to be used in the model-building/model-synchronizing process.
ModelBuilder
Open the TRex wizard where you can select the data source type, set the elevation dataset, choose the model and features.
Trex
Open the SCADAConnect manager where you can add or edit signals.
SCADAConnect
Open the Skelebrator manager to define how to skeletonize your network.
Skelebrator Skeletonizer
Open the LoadBuilder manager where you can create and manage Load Build templates.
Load Builder
Open the Wizard used to create a Thiessen polygon. Thiessen Polygon
Open the Demand Control Center manager where you can add new demands, delete existing demands, or modify existing demands.
Demand Control Center
Open the Unit Demand Control Center manager where you can add new unit demands, delete existing unit demands, or modify existing unit demands.
Unit Demand Control Center
Associate external files, such as pictures or movie files, with elements.
Hyperlinks
Open the User Data Extension dialog box, which allows you to add and define custom data fields. For example, you can add new fields such as the pipe installation date.
User Data Extensions
Compact the database, which eliminates the empty data records, thereby defragmenting the datastore and improving the performance of the file.
Compact Database
Synchronize the current model drawing with the project database.
Synchronize Drawing
Ensures consistency between the database and the model by recalculating and updating certain cached information. Normally this operation is not required to be used.
Update Database Cache
This command copies the model result files (if any) from the project directory (the directory where the project .mdb file is saved) to the custom result file directory. The custom result directory is specified in
Tools>Options>Project tab. This allows you to make a copy of the results that may exist in the model's save directory and replace the current results being worked on with them.
Update Results from Project Directory
This command copies the result files that are currently being used by the model to the project directory (where the project .mdb is stored).
Copy Results to Project Directory
Zoom Toolbar
The Zoom toolbar provides access to the zooming and panning tools.
The Zoom toolbar contains the following:
Open a Batch Assign Isolation Valves window where you can find the nearest pipe for each selected isolation and assign the valve to that pipe.
Assign Isolation Valves to Pipes
Opens the Batch Pipe Split dialog. Batch Pipe Split
Open the External Tools dialog box. Customize
Open the Options dialog box, which allows you to change Global settings, Drawing, Units, Labeling, and
ProjectWise.
Options
To Use
Set the view so that the entire model is visible in the drawing pane.
Zoom Extents
Activate the manual zoom tool, where you can specify a portion of the drawing to enlarge.
Zoom Window
Reduce the current view in the drawing pane. Zoom Out
Enable the realtime zoom tool, which allows you to zoom in and out by moving the mouse while the left mouse button is depressed.
Zoom Realtime
Open up the Zoom Center dialog box where you can set X and Y coordinates and the percentage of Zoom.
Zoom Center
Enable you to zoom to specific elements in the drawing. You must select the elements to zoom to before you select the tool.
Zoom Selection
Return the zoom level to the most recent previous setting.
Zoom Previous
Reset the zoom level to the setting that was active before a Zoom Previous command was executed. This button also does not appear in the Zoom toolbar by default.
Zoom Next
Activate the Pan tool, which allows you to move the model within the drawing pane. When you select this command, the cursor changes to a hand, indicating that you can click and hold the left mouse button and move the mouse to move the drawing.
Pan
Update the main window view according to the latest information contained in the Bentley WaterGEMS V8i datastore.
Refresh Drawing
Customizing WaterGEMS V8i Toolbars and Buttons
Toolbar buttons represent Bentley WaterGEMS V8i menu commands. Toolbars can be controlled in Bentley WaterGEMS V8i using View > Toolbars. You can turn tool-bars on and off, move the toolbar to a different location in the work space, or you can add and remove buttons from any toolbar.
To turn toolbars on
Click View > Toolbars, then click in the space to the left of the toolbar you want to turn on.
To turn toolbars off
Click View > Toolbars, then click the check mark next to the toolbar you want to turn off.
To move a toolbar to a different location in the workspace
Move your mouse to the vertical dotted line on the left side of any toolbar, then drag the toolbar to the desired location. If you move a toolbar away from the other toolbar, the toolbar becomes a floating dialog box.
To add or remove a button from a toolbar
1. Click the down arrow on the end of the toolbar you want to customize. A series of submenus appear, allowing you to select or deselect any icon in that toolbar. 2. Click Add or Remove Buttons then move the mouse cursor to the right until all
of the submenus appear, as shown as follows:
3. Click the space to left of the toolbar button you want to add. A check mark is visible in the submenu and the button opens in the toolbar.
or
Click the check mark next to the toolbar button you want to remove. The button will no longer appear in the toolbar.
WaterGEMS V8i Dynamic Manager Display
Most of the features in Bentley WaterGEMS V8i is accessed
through a system of
dynamic windows called managers. For example, the look of the elements is
controlled in the Element Symbology manager while animation is controlled in
the EPS Results Browser manager.
The following table lists all the Bentley WaterGEMS V8i
managers, their toolbar
buttons, and keyboard shortcuts.
Toolbar
Button Manager
Keyboard Shortcut
Scenarios—build a model run from alternatives.
<Alt+1> Alternatives—create and manage
alternatives.
<Alt+2>
Calculation Options—set parameters for the numerical engine.
<Alt+3> Totalizing Flow Meters—create and
manage flow meters.
<Alt+4> Hydrant Flow Curves—create and
manage hydrant flow curves.
<Alt+5> System Head Curves—create and
manage system flow curves.
<Alt+6>
Element Symbology—control how elements look and what attributes are displayed.
<Ctrl+1>
Background Layers—control the display of background layers.
<Ctrl+2>
Network Navigator—helps you find nodes in your model.
<Ctrl+3> Selection Sets—create and manage
selection sets.
<Ctrl+4>
Queries—create SQL expressions for use
with selection sets and FlexTables.
When you first start Bentley WaterGEMS V8i , only two managers are displayed: the Element Symbology and Background Layers managers. This is the default workspace. You can display as many managers as you want and move them to any location in the Bentley WaterGEMS V8i workspace.
Prototypes—create and manage prototypes.
<Ctrl+6>
FlexTables—display and edit tables of elements.
<Ctrl+7> Graphs—create and manage graphs. <Ctrl+8> Profiles —draw profiles of parts of your
network.
<Ctrl+9> Contours—create and manage contours. <Ctrl+0> Properties—display properties of
individual elements or managers.
<F4> Refresh—Update the main window view
according to the latest information
contained in the Bentley WaterGEMS V8i datastore.
<F5>
EPS Results Browser—controls animated displays.
<F7>
User Notifications—presents error and warning messages resulting from a calculation. <F8> Compute. <F9> Toolbar Button Manager Keyboard Shortcut
To return to the default workspace
Click View > Reset Workspace.
• If you return to the default workspace, the next time you start Bentley Water-GEMS V8i , you will lose any customizations you might have made to the dynamic manager display.
To open a manager
1. Do one of the following:
– Select the desired manager from the View menu. – Click a manager’s button on one of the toolbars. – Press the keyboard shortcut for the desired manager.
2. If the manager is not already docked, you can drag it to the top, left- or right-side, or bottom of the WaterGEMS V8i window to dock it. For more information on docking managers, see Customizing Managers.
Customizing Managers
When you first start Bentley WaterGEMS V8i , you will see the default workspace in which a limited set of dock-able managers are visible. You can decide which managers will be displayed at any time and where they will be displayed. You can also return to the default workspace any time.
There are four states for each manager:
Floating—A floating manager sits above the Bentley WaterGEMS V8i workspace like a dialog box. You can drag a floating manager anywhere and continue to work. You can also:
• Resize a floating manager by dragging its edges.
• Close a floating manager by clicking on the x in the top right-hand corner of the title bar.
• Change the properties of the manager by right-clicking on the title bar.
• Switch between multiple floating managers in the same location by clicking the manager’s tab.
Docked static—A docked static manager attaches to any of the four sides of the Bentley WaterGEMS V8i window. If you drag a floating manager to any of the four sides of the Bentley WaterGEMS V8i window, the manager will attach or dock itself to that side of the window. The manager will stay in that location unless you close it or make it dynamic. A vertical pushpin in the manager’s title bar indicates its static state; click the pushpin to change the manager’s state to dynamic. When the push pin is pointing downward (vertical push pin), the manager is docked.
You can also:
• Close a docked manager by left clicking on the x in the upper right corner of the title bar.
• Change a docked manager into a floating manager by double-clicking the title bar, or by dragging the manager to the desired location (for example, away from the side of the Bentley WaterGEMS V8i window).
• Change a static docked manager into a dynamically docked manager by clicking the push pin in the title bar.
• Switch between multiple docked managers in the same location by clicking the manager’s tab.
Docked dynamic—A docked dynamic manager also docks to any of the four sides of the Bentley WaterGEMS V8i window, but remains hidden except for a single tab. Show a docked dynamic manager by moving the mouse over the tab, or by clicking the tab. When the manager is showing (not hidden), a horizontal pushpin in its title bar indicates its dynamic state.
You can also:
• Close a docked manager by left-clicking on the x in the upper right corner of the title bar.
• Change a docked dynamic manager into a docked static manager by clicking the push pin (converting it from vertical to horizontal).
• Switch between multiple docked managers in the same location by moving the mouse over the manager’s tab or by clicking the manager’s tab.
Closed—When a manager is closed, you cannot view it. Close a manager by clicking the x in the right corner of the manager’s title bar. Open a manager by selecting the manager from the View menu (for example, View > Element Symbology), or by selecting the button for that manager on the appropriate toolbar.