Efficient
SAP NetWeavef BW
Implementation
and
Upgrade
Guide
®
Galileo
Press
Acknowledgments
21Introduction 23
&/ f¥ ^"ASIBttiBB^iXiS
1.1 SAP ECC vs.SAP NetWeaver BW
Implementations
281.2 Difference Between OLTP and OLAP
Systems
281.3 SAP NetWeaver BW from A to Z 29
1.3.1 Extraction 30
1.3.2
Staging
andStorage
31 1.3.3 Transformation and Harmonization 321.3.4 Presentation 34
1.4 External Data: What is the
Big
Deal? 35 1.5 Build for the Present,Keep
anEye
onthe Future 361.6
Dirty
Data 381.7 Can't SAP NetWeaver BW Just Clean the Data? 39
1.8
Understanding
SAP NetWeaver BW 401.9 Reasonsfor
implementing
SAP NetWeaver BW 40 1.9.1Analytical
System
Accessfrom the Transactional(SAP ECC)
System
411.9.2 Transitiontoa
Single
Version ofthe Truth 431.9.3
Consolidation, Harmonization,
andCentralization of Information 45
1.9.4 Establishan EDW 47
1.9.5
Competitive Advantage
49 1.9.6 Provide FlexibleAnalysis
ofInformation Assets 491.9.7 Business Information to More
People
in theOrganization
491.9.8 The
Report
is NottheOnly
Output
ofSAP NetWeaverBW
Implementations
511.10
Why
Not Another DataWarehouse? 511.10.1 Data Extraction From ECC isMuch Easierwith
SAP NetWeaverBW 51
1.10.2 SAP NetWeaver BW Has
Pre-configured
Business1.10.3 SAP NetWeaver BW is
Already
Part of theLandscape
53 1.10.4 SAP NetWeaver BWis the Foundation for MostSAP NetWeaver Products 53 1.11 What SAP NetWeaver BW is Not
Designed
to Do 54 1.11.1 SAP NetWeaver BW is NotaTransactionalSystem
541.11.2 SAP NetWeaver BW is Not the
Only
Reporting System
... 56 1.11.3 SAP NetWeaver BW is NotUsuaily
Updated
inReal Time 56
1.11.4 BW is NotaSilverBullet 57
1.12 SAP
BusinessObjects Capabilities
581.13
Ingredients
foraSuccessful SAP NetWeaver BWProject
Manager
591.13.1 Cood Communication Skills 60
1.13.2
Knowledge
ofSAP NetWeaver BW and DataWarehousing
611.13.3
Knowfedge
ofBusiness Processes andAna/ysfs
Goa/s 631.13.4 The Need for Political
Savvy
641.13.5
Highly
Organized
andQuality
Minded 65 1.13.6Willing
and AbletoDevelop
and Enforce Standards 651.13.7 Team
Building
661.13.8
Budget Accountability
671.13.9
Willing
toSay
Both "Yes" and "No" 671.14 Conclusion 68
•
IlllöiJ
2.1
Defining
anUpgrade
Strategy
712.2 SAP NetWeaver BW
Implementation
Approach
722.3 SAP NetWeaver BWHardware
Sizing
732.4
Landscape Strategy
742.4.1 Insiston aSand box
System
752.4.2 Think About the
Training
Environment 78 2.4.3Adding
a ProductionSupport System
80 2.4.4Keep
Development,
QA, Production Environmentsin
Sync
812.4.5 Assess New Phases of
Development
822.5
Upgrade Landscape
862.6.1
Develop
and Communicate theTransport
Path 88 2.6.2Implement Transport Approval
Processfrom theBeginning
902.6.3 Make SureEach
Developer
LocksObjects
902.6.4
Transport
Steward Process 912.6.5
Keep aThorough Log
ofTransports
92 2.6.6Develop
a ProcessforTroubleshooting
FailedTransports
922.6.7 Some
Objects
will beChangeable
942.6.8
Transport
Organizer
Tool 962.7 New Release Rollout
Strategy
Challenges
972.7.1
Timingof
SAP NetWeaver BWRollout 982.7.2 Rollout
Scope
982.8
Upgrade
RolloutStrategy
992.8.1
Timing
992.8.2 Features and
Functionality
992.8.3
Upgrade
Testing Strategy
1002.8.4
Upgrade
Change
Management Strategy
1002.9 Database
Strategy
1002.10 EDWand Global
Rollup Strategies
1012.11
Report Strategy
1042.11.1
Query Strategy
1042.11.2 Visual
Composer
1072.11.3 Web
Template
Strategy
1082.11.4 SAP
BusinessObjects Strategy
1092.12 Support
Package
Strategy
1092.12.1 Recommendation 110
2.12.2 Front-End
Support
Packages
1112.13 Authorization
Strategy
1122.13.1 SAP NetWeaver BW
Security
1122.13.2 Authorizations for
Upgrade
to NW2004s 1132.14 Conclusion 114
3.1 Unclear Definition of Goals and
Scope
115 3.1.1Develop
ClearProject
Scope
Documentation 1153.1.3 Avoid
Scope Creep
118 3.1.4 EstablishaScope
Change
Control Process 1193.1.5 Take
Advantage
ofExisting Legacy Systems
1193.2 Over-Ambitious
Scope
1203.2.1 StartSmall 120
3.2.2 Be
Wary
ofImplementing
SAP NetWeaver BW atthe SameTime as SAP ECC orSAP R/3 121
3.3 UnrealisticTime Line 123
3.3.1 Don't
Forget
the Time for Documentation andTraining
... 1243.4 Governance 126
3.5 Communication Issues 129
3.5.1 Insist on
Weekly
StatusReports
1303.5.2
Encourage
Informal Discussion 1303.5.3 Locate
Centrally
1303.5.4 Centralize Issues Listand Use It 130
3.6
Ownership
Issues 1313.6.1 Insist on
Signoff
of Documents 1323.6.2 Have the Power Users
Develop
the SAP NetWeaverBW Queries 132
3.7 Data
Quality
Issues 133 3.7.1 Don'tCompletely Rely
onthe SourceSystems
toEnsure Data
Quality
1353.7.2 Establish Active Governanceof Data 136 3.7.3 Don't Keep Data Mismatch Issues
Open
forLong
Time ... 1363.7.4
Leverage
the SAPBusinessObjects
Data Services Tool 137 3.7.5 Turn toaThird-Party
toHelp
with Validation 1383.8 Data
Alignment
Issues 1393.8.1 Master Data
Alignment
1393.8.2 Transactional Data
Alignment
1423.9 Data
Realignment
1433.9.1
Realignment
Without Reload-Is It Possible? 1443.9.2
Remodeling
Toolbox 1453.10 Performance Issues 147
3.10.1 Establish Clear Goals forPerformance 147
3.10.2 Measure
Against
the Performance Goals viaStat/sticsInfoCubes 150
3.10.3 Establish a Performance Sub-Team 150
3.10.4
Keep Up-to-Date
onSupport
Packages
1513.10.5 DataModel for Performance 151
3.12 Resource Issues 155 3.12.1 Insist onthe Best, Not Just the Most Available 155
3.12.2 The
Consultant-Heavy
Project
1563.12.3 Insiston
Interviewing
All Candidates 1573.12.4 Transition OutBad Consultants 157 3.12.5 AvoidConflict Between
Consulting
Partners, SAP,and Others 158
3.12.6 SAP R/3 or SAP ECC Basis
Experience
isNotSAP NetWeaver BW
Experience
1593.12.7
Keep
theProject
TeamPhysically
Together
1593.13 Political Issues 160
3.14 Over-Customization 160
3.14.1 Determine Ifthe Customization Can Take Place
Outside of SAP NetWeaver BW 161
3.14.2
Develop
a"Why
not SAP?"Approach
1623.14.3 Know Where
Many
SAP NetWeaver BWProjects
Use
Third-Party
Tools 1623.14.4 Validation Tools 166
3.15
Meeting
and DecisionParalysis
1673.15.1 Slow Decision
Making
1673.15.2 The
Lonely
SAP NetWeaver BW Team 167 3.15.3 ThePopulär
SAP NetWeaver BW Team 1683.15.4 What Can beDone? 168
3.16
Change
Control andChange
Management
1693.16.1
Change
Control 1703.17
Analyze Organization
UserGroups Using
DifferentReporting
Tools 173
3.18 Conclusion 174
4.1 The DataWarehouse
Lifecycle
1784.2 The
Upgrade Lifecycle
1804.2.1 What's New in NW 2004s SAP NetWeaver BW
System?
1814.2.2
Upgrading
ontheExisting
SAP NetWeaver BWLandscape
1834.2.3 Dedicated
Upgrade Landscape
1844.2.5 Obsolete Queries 186
4.2.6
Upgrade
Cutover 1874.2.7 How
Long
Will This Take? 1884.2.8 When Should I
Upgrade?
1904.3
Project
Charter 1914.4 DetailScope Documentation 192
4.4.1 What Isa Stakeholder? 192
4.4.2 Stakeholder Document 193
4.4.3 Communication Plan Document 193
4.4.4
Integrated Project
Plan 1934.4.5
Naming
StandardsDocument 1944.4.6 SAP NetWeaver BW
Development
StandardsDocument 195
4.4.7 OtherDocuments 196
4.5
Planning
for InformationLifecycle
Management
196 4.6Typical
Roles Needed foran SAP NetWeaver BWProject
1974.6.1 SAP NetWeaver BW
Project Manager
198 4.6.2 SAP NetWeaver BW BusinessSubject
MatterExpert
199 4.6.3 SAP NetWeaver BW DataArchitect 200 4.6.4 SAP NetWeaver BWApplications Developer
202 4.6.5 SAP NetWeaver BW PresentationDeveloper
203 4.6.6 SAP NetWeaver BW BasisDeveloper
2044.6.7 ABAP
Developer
2054.6.8 SAP Portal Consultant 206
4.7
Staffing
aSAP NetWeaver BWProject
2074.7.1 SmallSAP NetWeaver BW
Project
2084.7.2 Medium-Sized SAP NetWeaver BW
Project
2104.7.3
Large
SAP NetWeaver BWProject
211 4.7.4Large
Global SAP NetWeaver BWProject
213 4.8Outsourcing
and SAP NetWeaver BW 2154.8.1 When Does
Outsourcing
Work? 2174.9 SAP NetWeaver BW Interview Process 217
4.10
Training Requirements
2224.11 Conclusion 223
5.1
Requirements
Gathering
2265.1.2 IsAll Data in SAP ECC or SAP R/3 or in
Multiple
Systems?
2295.1.3 Is
Intra-Day
orReal-TimeReporting
Needed? 2295.1.4 What Else Do You KnowAbout the
Requirement?
230 5.2 InformationRequest
Form 232 5.3Gathering
aReport Inventory
2325.4 Functional Model Document 234
5.4.1 How
Many
Functional Model Documents are Needed? ... 2365.4.2 Sectionsof the Functional Model Document 237 5.5 SAP NetWeaver BW
Key Figure
or KPI Matrix 2435.6
Steps
to Obtain SAP NetWeaver BW Star Schema Modelfrom the KPI Matrix 244
5.6.1
Step
1: Determine BusinessSubjects
244 5.6.2Step
2:Assign
BusinessSubjects
toKey Figure
245 5.6.3Step
3: DetermineStrang
Entities andGranularity
245 5.6.4Step
4 Join SimilarKey Figures
245 5.7Budgeting
orEstimating
SAP NetWeaver BW Time Lines 2465.8 SAP NetWeaver BW
Physical
Model 2525.9 BusinessContent Evaluation 255
5.9.1
Key Figure (Top
Down)Approach
2555.9.2 Data Source(Bottom
Up) Approach
256 5.9.3 BusinessContentas aLearningTool
256 5.9.4Evaluating
Business ContentforYour Needs 258 5.9.5Using
aSubset of the Business Content 2615.10
Design
Reviews 2615.10.1 Functional Model Review 262 5.10.2
Conceptual
andPhysical
ModelReview 2635.10.3 DataModel and
System
Review 2635.10.4 Final Check 263
5.11 Conclusion 264
6.1
Extracting
andLoading
Datafrom SAP SourceSystems
2666.1.1 Service API DataSources 267
6.1.2 Generated DataSources 270
6.1.3 Generic DataSources 270 6.1.4 Custom AB AP DataSources 272
6.1.5
Filling
InMissing
Data in Extractions 272 6.1.6Testingthe
DataSources 275 6.2Loading
Data from Non-SAP SourceSystems
2766.2.1 Fiat File Interfaces 276
6.2.2 DBConnect 278
6.2.3 UDConnect 280
6.2.4 XML Interfaces 280
6.2.5 ETL Interfaces 281
6.3
Extracting
Data From the SAP NetWeaver BWSystem
281 6.4Loading
andTransforming
Data into SAP NetWeaver BW 2836.4.1 Transformationand
Mapping
ofData inSAP NetWeaver BW Version 3.x 284
6.4.2 Transformation and
Mapping
of Data in NW 2004s 2886.4.3 Start Routines 289
6.4.4 End Routines 290
6.4.5
Expert
Routines 2916.4.6
ImplementingTransformations
2916.4.7
Auditing
Transformations forEfficiency
292 6.4.8Converting
from Version 3.x to NW 2004sTransformations 292
6.4.9 InfoSource 295
6.5
Appending
orChanging
Standard SAP NetWeaverBWObjects
... 2966.6
DataModeling
2976.6.1
Loading
intoan DSO or ODS 2976.6.2 Create aConsolidation
Layer
for Data 2986.6.3 ExtractOnce, Use
Many
Times 2996.6.4 Write
Optimized
DSO 300 6.6.5 Use theRight Object
for the Job 301 6.7Designing
Process Chains 3036.8 Issue Resolution and Issue
Tracking
3036.8.1
Reporting
Issues via SAP's ServiceMarketplace
3046.8.2
Response
Delays
3046.9
Query
PerformanceAnalysis
in SAP NetWeaver BW 3056.9.1 DataModel Does Not Fitthe DataVolume 305
6.9.2 Poor
Query
Definition 3066.9.3 Lack of
Aggregates
3076.9.4 OLAP Cache 309
6.9.5
Partitioning
Not Set 313 6.9.6 DatabaseStatistics NotUp-to-Date
3146.9.7 Virtual Characteristics and
Key Figures
3146.9.8
Time-Dependent
Master Data 3156.9.9
Complex
Authorizations 3176.9.10 NW 2004s Bl Accelerator 318
6.10 Conclusion 318
7.1 DataModeland
System
Review 322 7.2Documenting
SAP NetWeaver BWConfiguration
324 7.2.1 SAP NetWeaver BW Functional Model Document 324 7.2.2 DataStoreObject/Operational
Data Store (DSO/ODS)Technical
Design
Document 324 7.2.3 InfoCube TechnicalDesign
Document 325 7.2.4 Extraction,Transformation,
andLoading
(ETL)Technical
Design
Document 3257.2.5 The MetaData
Repository
3267.3 SAP NetWeaver BW Document
Management
Tool 3287.4 SAP Solution
Manager
3297.5
Transport Management
in SAP NetWeaver BW 330 7.5.1 SAP NetWeaver BWTransport
Management
System Tips
3327.5.2 GeneralSAP NetWeaver BW
Transport Tips
333 7.5.3Separate
SAP NetWeaver BWTransports
intoLogical
Groups
3337.5.4
Keep
Careful Watch ofTransports—Take
Good Notes 3357.5.5 Never Leave a
Transport
Behind 3357.5.6 Final Cutover
Recapture
ofTransports
3367.5.7 The MockCutover 337 7.6
Testing
in SAP NetWeaver BW 337 7.6.1Develop
at SAP NetWeaver BW Test Plan 337 7.6.2Developing
TestScripts
for SAP NetWeaver BW 338 7.6.3 AutomatedTesting
Tools 3407.7
Organizational Change
Management
3417.7.1
Training
3417.7.2 A
Separate Training System
3417.7.3 Do I
Really
Need Hands-OnTraining?
3427.8 Cutover
Planning
3437.9 Go-Live Checklist 345
7.10 Run Initial Loads in SAP NetWeaver BW 347 7.10.1 Create and Schedule Process Chains in
SAP NetWeaver BW 348
7.10.2 Schedule SAP ECCJobs 350
7.10.3 Portals and SAP NetWeaver BW 352
7.10.4
Developing
a PortalStrategy
3537.11 SAP
Safeguarding
Service for SAP NetWeaver BW Go-Live 3567.12 Conclusion 356
8.1
Post-Implementation
Review 357 8.2Building
aProductionSupport
Center ofExcellence (COE) 358 8.3Transitioning
from SAP NetWeaver BWDevelopment
toProduction-Support
COE 3608.3.1 Transition the
Knowledge
3608.3.2 Determine MeasurementCriteria 361
8.4
Ongoing
SAP NetWeaver BW Reconciliation and Validation 365 8.4.1Develop
a ReconciliationStrategy
3658.4.2
Reconciling
the Datato SAP ECC orSAP R/3 367 8.4.3Reconciling
Data to ExternalSystems
369 8.5 PeriodicJobs to Run inan SAP NetWeaver BW Environment 3698.6
Develop
anOngoing
SAP NetWeaver BWSupport Package
Strategy
3728.6.1 Frontend
Support
Packages
3748.6.2 Conducta Lessons-Learned Session 375
8.7
Retaining
andAAotivating
Stafffor Future Rollouts 3778.8
Prepare
forFuture Rollouts 3788.9 Conclusion 378
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H
9.1 Introduction to Six
Sigma
3799.1.1
History
3799.1.2 Definition 379
9.1.4 Six
Sigma
Terminologies
3809.1.5 Basic Statistics 383
9.2 Reasonsto
Implement
SixSigma
in anSAP NetWeaverBW
Project
3869.2.1 Six
Sigma
isa Pro-ActiveApproach
3869.2.2
Talking
in Customer'sLanguage
3869.2.3
High
level ofCorrectness 3869.2.4
Happy Strategie
Users —A Foundation for NewBusiness
Opportunities
3869.3 Phase 1: Define 387
9.3.1 Voice ofCustomerand Voice of Business 387
9.3.2 Criticalto
Quality
(CTQ)
3879.3.3 CTQTree 388
9.3.4
Project
Charter 3889.4 Phase 2:Measure 390
9.4.1 SIPOC-
Supplier
Input
ProcessOutput
Customer 3909.4.2
Analyze
Process — FishboneDiagram
3929.4.3 Cause and
Impact Analysis
3929.5 Phase 3:
Analyze
3939.5.1 Pie Chart 393
9.5.2 Bar Charts 393
9.5.3 ParetoChart 394
9.5.4
Histogram
and Box Plots 3959.5.5 Conclusion of
Analyze
Phase 3979.6 Phase 4:
Improve
3989.6.1
BrainWriting
3989.6.2 Brain
Storming
3989.6.3 Selectand
Implement
Ideas 3999.7 Conclusion 399
10.1 SAP +
BusinessObjects
40110.2 SAP NetWeaver BW Presentation
Layer
40210.2.1 SAP NetWeaver BW Standard BEx
Reporting
403 10.2.2Reporting
with SAPBusinessObjects
403 10.3 SAPBusinessObjects
Installation Guides 40510.3.1 SAP
BusinessObjects
Enterprise
Server Installation 40610.3.2 SAP
BusinessObjects
Client Installation 406 10.4 OLAP UniverseDesign
Based onSAP SAP NetWeaver BW 40710.4.1
Creating
OLAP Universe Based onSAP NetWeaverBWQueries 408
10.4.2
Setting
OLAP Universe GenerationOptions
41110.4.3
Customizing
OLAP Universe 41310.4.4
Leveraging
SAP NetWeaver BWQuery
VariablesinUniverse 416
10.4.5 OLAP Universe: BestPractice and Guidelines 417 10.5 Web
Intelligence
Report Design
on Universe 418 10.5.1 In Which Scenario Can WebIntelligence
be Used? 418 10.5.2Creating
aWebIntelligence Report
41810.5.3
Exporting
WebIntelligence
Report
inEnterprise
CMS .... 42010.5.4 Define Alert inWeb
Intelligence
Report
420 10.5.5Accessing
WebIntelligence
Reports
from JnfoView 421 10.5.6Opening
andSaving
WebIntelligence Report
inDifferent Modes within InfoView 422 10.5.7
Displaying
TrackChanges
in WebIntelligence Report
423 10.6Query
asaWebService (QaaWS) 42410.6.1
Starting
QaaWS Tool 42410.6.2
Steps
forCreating
aNewQaaWS 42510.6.3 Business Scenarios Where QaaWS is
Required
426 10.6.4Implementation
Best Practicefor QaaWS 42710.7 Xcelsius 427
10.7.1 Different
Types
of Flavors to Suite Your Need 42710.7.2
Creating
aSimple
XcelsiusApplication
Based onQaaWS 428
10.7.3 Xcelsius Best Practices 431
10.8 Microsoft Office
Integration
with Live Office 432 10.8.1 Live Office Ribbon within Microsoft OfficeApplications
43310.8.2
Logging
in SAPBusinessObjects
Enterprise
fromLive Office 434
10.8.3
Inserting
Crystal
Reports
Content in Live OfficeDocument 434
10.8.4
fnserting
WebIntelligence
Content in Live OfficeDocument 435
10.9
Crystal
Reports
4-37 10.9.1Crystal Reports Connectivity Options
with SAP 437 10.9.2 SAP Toolbar inCrystal
Reports
438 10.9.3 GeneralSteps
to Create ASimple
Report
Basedon SAP NetWeaver BW
Query
43810.9.4
Crystal Reports
Best Practices 439 10.10Information Discoverywith Polestar 43910.10.1 What isInformation
Space?
44010.10.2
Accessing
Polestar 44010.10.3
Creating
Space
44010.10.4 Information Search Features in Polestar 442 10.10.5 Guidelines and Best Practicesfor Polestar 443 10.11 Pioneer: The Best ofthe Both Worlds 443 10.12 Other Tools Provided
by
SAPBusinessObjects
445 10.12.1 SAPBusinessObjects
DataServices 445 10.12.2 SAP BusinessObjects
BlWidget
44510.12.3
Voyager
44610.12.4 SAP
BusinessObjects
Data Federator 446 10.12.5 SAPBusinessObjects LifeCycle
Manager
44610.13
Summary
447Bffl^^w
mSI
11.1
Usingthis
Book 44911.2 CommonIssues and
Challenges
45011.3
Important
Things
to Remember 450 11.3.1 MoreChallenging
than an ECCor R/3Project
45011.3.2
Management
Commitment Needed from theBeginning
45111.3.3
Project Management: User-Focused,
NotTechnology
Focused 451
11.3.4 Clear
Methodology
Needed to DetermineRequirements
45111.3.5
Understanding
Data LoadVolume andGranularity
45111.3.6
Manage Expectations
for BW 45211.3.7 Fix Bad Dataat Its Source 452
11.3.9 When the BW
System
IsLive, the Solution Isn'tFinished 452
11.4 Conclusion 452
A
Sample Project
Plan 455B
Important
Checklists 473C Document
Templates
487D Common Issues When
Upgrading
from SAP NetWeaver BWVersion 3.xto NW2004s 505
E
Sample
SAP NetWeaver BWNaming
Standards Document 511F SAP NetWeaver BW
Integration
TestScript
515G
Bibliography
519H TheAuthors 521