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(1)

Efficient

SAP NetWeavef BW

Implementation

and

Upgrade

Guide

®

Galileo

Press

(2)

Acknowledgments

21

Introduction 23

&/ f¥ ^"ASIBttiBB^iXiS

1.1 SAP ECC vs.SAP NetWeaver BW

Implementations

28

1.2 Difference Between OLTP and OLAP

Systems

28

1.3 SAP NetWeaver BW from A to Z 29

1.3.1 Extraction 30

1.3.2

Staging

and

Storage

31 1.3.3 Transformation and Harmonization 32

1.3.4 Presentation 34

1.4 External Data: What is the

Big

Deal? 35 1.5 Build for the Present,

Keep

an

Eye

onthe Future 36

1.6

Dirty

Data 38

1.7 Can't SAP NetWeaver BW Just Clean the Data? 39

1.8

Understanding

SAP NetWeaver BW 40

1.9 Reasonsfor

implementing

SAP NetWeaver BW 40 1.9.1

Analytical

System

Accessfrom the Transactional

(SAP ECC)

System

41

1.9.2 Transitiontoa

Single

Version ofthe Truth 43

1.9.3

Consolidation, Harmonization,

and

Centralization of Information 45

1.9.4 Establishan EDW 47

1.9.5

Competitive Advantage

49 1.9.6 Provide Flexible

Analysis

ofInformation Assets 49

1.9.7 Business Information to More

People

in the

Organization

49

1.9.8 The

Report

is Notthe

Only

Output

of

SAP NetWeaverBW

Implementations

51

1.10

Why

Not Another DataWarehouse? 51

1.10.1 Data Extraction From ECC isMuch Easierwith

SAP NetWeaverBW 51

1.10.2 SAP NetWeaver BW Has

Pre-configured

Business

(3)

1.10.3 SAP NetWeaver BW is

Already

Part of the

Landscape

53 1.10.4 SAP NetWeaver BWis the Foundation for Most

SAP NetWeaver Products 53 1.11 What SAP NetWeaver BW is Not

Designed

to Do 54 1.11.1 SAP NetWeaver BW is NotaTransactional

System

54

1.11.2 SAP NetWeaver BW is Not the

Only

Reporting System

... 56 1.11.3 SAP NetWeaver BW is Not

Usuaily

Updated

in

Real Time 56

1.11.4 BW is NotaSilverBullet 57

1.12 SAP

BusinessObjects Capabilities

58

1.13

Ingredients

foraSuccessful SAP NetWeaver BW

Project

Manager

59

1.13.1 Cood Communication Skills 60

1.13.2

Knowledge

ofSAP NetWeaver BW and Data

Warehousing

61

1.13.3

Knowfedge

ofBusiness Processes and

Ana/ysfs

Goa/s 63

1.13.4 The Need for Political

Savvy

64

1.13.5

Highly

Organized

and

Quality

Minded 65 1.13.6

Willing

and Ableto

Develop

and Enforce Standards 65

1.13.7 Team

Building

66

1.13.8

Budget Accountability

67

1.13.9

Willing

to

Say

Both "Yes" and "No" 67

1.14 Conclusion 68

IlllöiJ

2.1

Defining

an

Upgrade

Strategy

71

2.2 SAP NetWeaver BW

Implementation

Approach

72

2.3 SAP NetWeaver BWHardware

Sizing

73

2.4

Landscape Strategy

74

2.4.1 Insiston aSand box

System

75

2.4.2 Think About the

Training

Environment 78 2.4.3

Adding

a Production

Support System

80 2.4.4

Keep

Development,

QA, Production Environments

in

Sync

81

2.4.5 Assess New Phases of

Development

82

2.5

Upgrade Landscape

86

(4)

2.6.1

Develop

and Communicate the

Transport

Path 88 2.6.2

Implement Transport Approval

Processfrom the

Beginning

90

2.6.3 Make SureEach

Developer

Locks

Objects

90

2.6.4

Transport

Steward Process 91

2.6.5

Keep aThorough Log

of

Transports

92 2.6.6

Develop

a Processfor

Troubleshooting

Failed

Transports

92

2.6.7 Some

Objects

will be

Changeable

94

2.6.8

Transport

Organizer

Tool 96

2.7 New Release Rollout

Strategy

Challenges

97

2.7.1

Timingof

SAP NetWeaver BWRollout 98

2.7.2 Rollout

Scope

98

2.8

Upgrade

Rollout

Strategy

99

2.8.1

Timing

99

2.8.2 Features and

Functionality

99

2.8.3

Upgrade

Testing Strategy

100

2.8.4

Upgrade

Change

Management Strategy

100

2.9 Database

Strategy

100

2.10 EDWand Global

Rollup Strategies

101

2.11

Report Strategy

104

2.11.1

Query Strategy

104

2.11.2 Visual

Composer

107

2.11.3 Web

Template

Strategy

108

2.11.4 SAP

BusinessObjects Strategy

109

2.12 Support

Package

Strategy

109

2.12.1 Recommendation 110

2.12.2 Front-End

Support

Packages

111

2.13 Authorization

Strategy

112

2.13.1 SAP NetWeaver BW

Security

112

2.13.2 Authorizations for

Upgrade

to NW2004s 113

2.14 Conclusion 114

3.1 Unclear Definition of Goals and

Scope

115 3.1.1

Develop

Clear

Project

Scope

Documentation 115

(5)

3.1.3 Avoid

Scope Creep

118 3.1.4 Establisha

Scope

Change

Control Process 119

3.1.5 Take

Advantage

of

Existing Legacy Systems

119

3.2 Over-Ambitious

Scope

120

3.2.1 StartSmall 120

3.2.2 Be

Wary

of

Implementing

SAP NetWeaver BW at

the SameTime as SAP ECC orSAP R/3 121

3.3 UnrealisticTime Line 123

3.3.1 Don't

Forget

the Time for Documentation and

Training

... 124

3.4 Governance 126

3.5 Communication Issues 129

3.5.1 Insist on

Weekly

Status

Reports

130

3.5.2

Encourage

Informal Discussion 130

3.5.3 Locate

Centrally

130

3.5.4 Centralize Issues Listand Use It 130

3.6

Ownership

Issues 131

3.6.1 Insist on

Signoff

of Documents 132

3.6.2 Have the Power Users

Develop

the SAP NetWeaver

BW Queries 132

3.7 Data

Quality

Issues 133 3.7.1 Don't

Completely Rely

onthe Source

Systems

to

Ensure Data

Quality

135

3.7.2 Establish Active Governanceof Data 136 3.7.3 Don't Keep Data Mismatch Issues

Open

for

Long

Time ... 136

3.7.4

Leverage

the SAP

BusinessObjects

Data Services Tool 137 3.7.5 Turn toa

Third-Party

to

Help

with Validation 138

3.8 Data

Alignment

Issues 139

3.8.1 Master Data

Alignment

139

3.8.2 Transactional Data

Alignment

142

3.9 Data

Realignment

143

3.9.1

Realignment

Without Reload-Is It Possible? 144

3.9.2

Remodeling

Toolbox 145

3.10 Performance Issues 147

3.10.1 Establish Clear Goals forPerformance 147

3.10.2 Measure

Against

the Performance Goals viaStat/stics

InfoCubes 150

3.10.3 Establish a Performance Sub-Team 150

3.10.4

Keep Up-to-Date

on

Support

Packages

151

3.10.5 DataModel for Performance 151

(6)

3.12 Resource Issues 155 3.12.1 Insist onthe Best, Not Just the Most Available 155

3.12.2 The

Consultant-Heavy

Project

156

3.12.3 Insiston

Interviewing

All Candidates 157

3.12.4 Transition OutBad Consultants 157 3.12.5 AvoidConflict Between

Consulting

Partners, SAP,

and Others 158

3.12.6 SAP R/3 or SAP ECC Basis

Experience

isNot

SAP NetWeaver BW

Experience

159

3.12.7

Keep

the

Project

Team

Physically

Together

159

3.13 Political Issues 160

3.14 Over-Customization 160

3.14.1 Determine Ifthe Customization Can Take Place

Outside of SAP NetWeaver BW 161

3.14.2

Develop

a

"Why

not SAP?"

Approach

162

3.14.3 Know Where

Many

SAP NetWeaver BW

Projects

Use

Third-Party

Tools 162

3.14.4 Validation Tools 166

3.15

Meeting

and Decision

Paralysis

167

3.15.1 Slow Decision

Making

167

3.15.2 The

Lonely

SAP NetWeaver BW Team 167 3.15.3 The

Populär

SAP NetWeaver BW Team 168

3.15.4 What Can beDone? 168

3.16

Change

Control and

Change

Management

169

3.16.1

Change

Control 170

3.17

Analyze Organization

User

Groups Using

Different

Reporting

Tools 173

3.18 Conclusion 174

4.1 The DataWarehouse

Lifecycle

178

4.2 The

Upgrade Lifecycle

180

4.2.1 What's New in NW 2004s SAP NetWeaver BW

System?

181

4.2.2

Upgrading

onthe

Existing

SAP NetWeaver BW

Landscape

183

4.2.3 Dedicated

Upgrade Landscape

184

(7)

4.2.5 Obsolete Queries 186

4.2.6

Upgrade

Cutover 187

4.2.7 How

Long

Will This Take? 188

4.2.8 When Should I

Upgrade?

190

4.3

Project

Charter 191

4.4 DetailScope Documentation 192

4.4.1 What Isa Stakeholder? 192

4.4.2 Stakeholder Document 193

4.4.3 Communication Plan Document 193

4.4.4

Integrated Project

Plan 193

4.4.5

Naming

StandardsDocument 194

4.4.6 SAP NetWeaver BW

Development

Standards

Document 195

4.4.7 OtherDocuments 196

4.5

Planning

for Information

Lifecycle

Management

196 4.6

Typical

Roles Needed foran SAP NetWeaver BW

Project

197

4.6.1 SAP NetWeaver BW

Project Manager

198 4.6.2 SAP NetWeaver BW Business

Subject

Matter

Expert

199 4.6.3 SAP NetWeaver BW DataArchitect 200 4.6.4 SAP NetWeaver BW

Applications Developer

202 4.6.5 SAP NetWeaver BW Presentation

Developer

203 4.6.6 SAP NetWeaver BW Basis

Developer

204

4.6.7 ABAP

Developer

205

4.6.8 SAP Portal Consultant 206

4.7

Staffing

aSAP NetWeaver BW

Project

207

4.7.1 SmallSAP NetWeaver BW

Project

208

4.7.2 Medium-Sized SAP NetWeaver BW

Project

210

4.7.3

Large

SAP NetWeaver BW

Project

211 4.7.4

Large

Global SAP NetWeaver BW

Project

213 4.8

Outsourcing

and SAP NetWeaver BW 215

4.8.1 When Does

Outsourcing

Work? 217

4.9 SAP NetWeaver BW Interview Process 217

4.10

Training Requirements

222

4.11 Conclusion 223

5.1

Requirements

Gathering

226

(8)

5.1.2 IsAll Data in SAP ECC or SAP R/3 or in

Multiple

Systems?

229

5.1.3 Is

Intra-Day

orReal-Time

Reporting

Needed? 229

5.1.4 What Else Do You KnowAbout the

Requirement?

230 5.2 Information

Request

Form 232 5.3

Gathering

a

Report Inventory

232

5.4 Functional Model Document 234

5.4.1 How

Many

Functional Model Documents are Needed? ... 236

5.4.2 Sectionsof the Functional Model Document 237 5.5 SAP NetWeaver BW

Key Figure

or KPI Matrix 243

5.6

Steps

to Obtain SAP NetWeaver BW Star Schema Model

from the KPI Matrix 244

5.6.1

Step

1: Determine Business

Subjects

244 5.6.2

Step

2:

Assign

Business

Subjects

to

Key Figure

245 5.6.3

Step

3: Determine

Strang

Entities and

Granularity

245 5.6.4

Step

4 Join Similar

Key Figures

245 5.7

Budgeting

or

Estimating

SAP NetWeaver BW Time Lines 246

5.8 SAP NetWeaver BW

Physical

Model 252

5.9 BusinessContent Evaluation 255

5.9.1

Key Figure (Top

Down)

Approach

255

5.9.2 Data Source(Bottom

Up) Approach

256 5.9.3 BusinessContentas a

LearningTool

256 5.9.4

Evaluating

Business ContentforYour Needs 258 5.9.5

Using

aSubset of the Business Content 261

5.10

Design

Reviews 261

5.10.1 Functional Model Review 262 5.10.2

Conceptual

and

Physical

ModelReview 263

5.10.3 DataModel and

System

Review 263

5.10.4 Final Check 263

5.11 Conclusion 264

6.1

Extracting

and

Loading

Datafrom SAP Source

Systems

266

6.1.1 Service API DataSources 267

6.1.2 Generated DataSources 270

6.1.3 Generic DataSources 270 6.1.4 Custom AB AP DataSources 272

(9)

6.1.5

Filling

In

Missing

Data in Extractions 272 6.1.6

Testingthe

DataSources 275 6.2

Loading

Data from Non-SAP Source

Systems

276

6.2.1 Fiat File Interfaces 276

6.2.2 DBConnect 278

6.2.3 UDConnect 280

6.2.4 XML Interfaces 280

6.2.5 ETL Interfaces 281

6.3

Extracting

Data From the SAP NetWeaver BW

System

281 6.4

Loading

and

Transforming

Data into SAP NetWeaver BW 283

6.4.1 Transformationand

Mapping

ofData in

SAP NetWeaver BW Version 3.x 284

6.4.2 Transformation and

Mapping

of Data in NW 2004s 288

6.4.3 Start Routines 289

6.4.4 End Routines 290

6.4.5

Expert

Routines 291

6.4.6

ImplementingTransformations

291

6.4.7

Auditing

Transformations for

Efficiency

292 6.4.8

Converting

from Version 3.x to NW 2004s

Transformations 292

6.4.9 InfoSource 295

6.5

Appending

or

Changing

Standard SAP NetWeaverBW

Objects

... 296

6.6

DataModeling

297

6.6.1

Loading

intoan DSO or ODS 297

6.6.2 Create aConsolidation

Layer

for Data 298

6.6.3 ExtractOnce, Use

Many

Times 299

6.6.4 Write

Optimized

DSO 300 6.6.5 Use the

Right Object

for the Job 301 6.7

Designing

Process Chains 303

6.8 Issue Resolution and Issue

Tracking

303

6.8.1

Reporting

Issues via SAP's Service

Marketplace

304

6.8.2

Response

Delays

304

6.9

Query

Performance

Analysis

in SAP NetWeaver BW 305

6.9.1 DataModel Does Not Fitthe DataVolume 305

6.9.2 Poor

Query

Definition 306

6.9.3 Lack of

Aggregates

307

6.9.4 OLAP Cache 309

6.9.5

Partitioning

Not Set 313 6.9.6 DatabaseStatistics Not

Up-to-Date

314

(10)

6.9.7 Virtual Characteristics and

Key Figures

314

6.9.8

Time-Dependent

Master Data 315

6.9.9

Complex

Authorizations 317

6.9.10 NW 2004s Bl Accelerator 318

6.10 Conclusion 318

7.1 DataModeland

System

Review 322 7.2

Documenting

SAP NetWeaver BW

Configuration

324 7.2.1 SAP NetWeaver BW Functional Model Document 324 7.2.2 DataStore

Object/Operational

Data Store (DSO/ODS)

Technical

Design

Document 324 7.2.3 InfoCube Technical

Design

Document 325 7.2.4 Extraction,

Transformation,

and

Loading

(ETL)

Technical

Design

Document 325

7.2.5 The MetaData

Repository

326

7.3 SAP NetWeaver BW Document

Management

Tool 328

7.4 SAP Solution

Manager

329

7.5

Transport Management

in SAP NetWeaver BW 330 7.5.1 SAP NetWeaver BW

Transport

Management

System Tips

332

7.5.2 GeneralSAP NetWeaver BW

Transport Tips

333 7.5.3

Separate

SAP NetWeaver BW

Transports

into

Logical

Groups

333

7.5.4

Keep

Careful Watch of

Transports—Take

Good Notes 335

7.5.5 Never Leave a

Transport

Behind 335

7.5.6 Final Cutover

Recapture

of

Transports

336

7.5.7 The MockCutover 337 7.6

Testing

in SAP NetWeaver BW 337 7.6.1

Develop

at SAP NetWeaver BW Test Plan 337 7.6.2

Developing

Test

Scripts

for SAP NetWeaver BW 338 7.6.3 Automated

Testing

Tools 340

7.7

Organizational Change

Management

341

7.7.1

Training

341

7.7.2 A

Separate Training System

341

7.7.3 Do I

Really

Need Hands-On

Training?

342

(11)

7.8 Cutover

Planning

343

7.9 Go-Live Checklist 345

7.10 Run Initial Loads in SAP NetWeaver BW 347 7.10.1 Create and Schedule Process Chains in

SAP NetWeaver BW 348

7.10.2 Schedule SAP ECCJobs 350

7.10.3 Portals and SAP NetWeaver BW 352

7.10.4

Developing

a Portal

Strategy

353

7.11 SAP

Safeguarding

Service for SAP NetWeaver BW Go-Live 356

7.12 Conclusion 356

8.1

Post-Implementation

Review 357 8.2

Building

aProduction

Support

Center ofExcellence (COE) 358 8.3

Transitioning

from SAP NetWeaver BW

Development

to

Production-Support

COE 360

8.3.1 Transition the

Knowledge

360

8.3.2 Determine MeasurementCriteria 361

8.4

Ongoing

SAP NetWeaver BW Reconciliation and Validation 365 8.4.1

Develop

a Reconciliation

Strategy

365

8.4.2

Reconciling

the Datato SAP ECC orSAP R/3 367 8.4.3

Reconciling

Data to External

Systems

369 8.5 PeriodicJobs to Run inan SAP NetWeaver BW Environment 369

8.6

Develop

an

Ongoing

SAP NetWeaver BW

Support Package

Strategy

372

8.6.1 Frontend

Support

Packages

374

8.6.2 Conducta Lessons-Learned Session 375

8.7

Retaining

and

AAotivating

Stafffor Future Rollouts 377

8.8

Prepare

forFuture Rollouts 378

8.9 Conclusion 378

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H

9.1 Introduction to Six

Sigma

379

9.1.1

History

379

9.1.2 Definition 379

(12)

9.1.4 Six

Sigma

Terminologies

380

9.1.5 Basic Statistics 383

9.2 Reasonsto

Implement

Six

Sigma

in anSAP NetWeaver

BW

Project

386

9.2.1 Six

Sigma

isa Pro-Active

Approach

386

9.2.2

Talking

in Customer's

Language

386

9.2.3

High

level ofCorrectness 386

9.2.4

Happy Strategie

Users —A Foundation for New

Business

Opportunities

386

9.3 Phase 1: Define 387

9.3.1 Voice ofCustomerand Voice of Business 387

9.3.2 Criticalto

Quality

(CTQ)

387

9.3.3 CTQTree 388

9.3.4

Project

Charter 388

9.4 Phase 2:Measure 390

9.4.1 SIPOC-

Supplier

Input

Process

Output

Customer 390

9.4.2

Analyze

Process — Fishbone

Diagram

392

9.4.3 Cause and

Impact Analysis

392

9.5 Phase 3:

Analyze

393

9.5.1 Pie Chart 393

9.5.2 Bar Charts 393

9.5.3 ParetoChart 394

9.5.4

Histogram

and Box Plots 395

9.5.5 Conclusion of

Analyze

Phase 397

9.6 Phase 4:

Improve

398

9.6.1

BrainWriting

398

9.6.2 Brain

Storming

398

9.6.3 Selectand

Implement

Ideas 399

9.7 Conclusion 399

10.1 SAP +

BusinessObjects

401

10.2 SAP NetWeaver BW Presentation

Layer

402

10.2.1 SAP NetWeaver BW Standard BEx

Reporting

403 10.2.2

Reporting

with SAP

BusinessObjects

403 10.3 SAP

BusinessObjects

Installation Guides 405

(13)

10.3.1 SAP

BusinessObjects

Enterprise

Server Installation 406

10.3.2 SAP

BusinessObjects

Client Installation 406 10.4 OLAP Universe

Design

Based onSAP SAP NetWeaver BW 407

10.4.1

Creating

OLAP Universe Based onSAP NetWeaver

BWQueries 408

10.4.2

Setting

OLAP Universe Generation

Options

411

10.4.3

Customizing

OLAP Universe 413

10.4.4

Leveraging

SAP NetWeaver BW

Query

Variablesin

Universe 416

10.4.5 OLAP Universe: BestPractice and Guidelines 417 10.5 Web

Intelligence

Report Design

on Universe 418 10.5.1 In Which Scenario Can Web

Intelligence

be Used? 418 10.5.2

Creating

aWeb

Intelligence Report

418

10.5.3

Exporting

Web

Intelligence

Report

in

Enterprise

CMS .... 420

10.5.4 Define Alert inWeb

Intelligence

Report

420 10.5.5

Accessing

Web

Intelligence

Reports

from JnfoView 421 10.5.6

Opening

and

Saving

Web

Intelligence Report

in

Different Modes within InfoView 422 10.5.7

Displaying

Track

Changes

in Web

Intelligence Report

423 10.6

Query

asaWebService (QaaWS) 424

10.6.1

Starting

QaaWS Tool 424

10.6.2

Steps

for

Creating

aNewQaaWS 425

10.6.3 Business Scenarios Where QaaWS is

Required

426 10.6.4

Implementation

Best Practicefor QaaWS 427

10.7 Xcelsius 427

10.7.1 Different

Types

of Flavors to Suite Your Need 427

10.7.2

Creating

a

Simple

Xcelsius

Application

Based on

QaaWS 428

10.7.3 Xcelsius Best Practices 431

10.8 Microsoft Office

Integration

with Live Office 432 10.8.1 Live Office Ribbon within Microsoft Office

Applications

433

10.8.2

Logging

in SAP

BusinessObjects

Enterprise

from

Live Office 434

10.8.3

Inserting

Crystal

Reports

Content in Live Office

Document 434

10.8.4

fnserting

Web

Intelligence

Content in Live Office

Document 435

(14)

10.9

Crystal

Reports

4-37 10.9.1

Crystal Reports Connectivity Options

with SAP 437 10.9.2 SAP Toolbar in

Crystal

Reports

438 10.9.3 General

Steps

to Create A

Simple

Report

Based

on SAP NetWeaver BW

Query

438

10.9.4

Crystal Reports

Best Practices 439 10.10Information Discoverywith Polestar 439

10.10.1 What isInformation

Space?

440

10.10.2

Accessing

Polestar 440

10.10.3

Creating

Space

440

10.10.4 Information Search Features in Polestar 442 10.10.5 Guidelines and Best Practicesfor Polestar 443 10.11 Pioneer: The Best ofthe Both Worlds 443 10.12 Other Tools Provided

by

SAP

BusinessObjects

445 10.12.1 SAP

BusinessObjects

DataServices 445 10.12.2 SAP Business

Objects

Bl

Widget

445

10.12.3

Voyager

446

10.12.4 SAP

BusinessObjects

Data Federator 446 10.12.5 SAP

BusinessObjects LifeCycle

Manager

446

10.13

Summary

447

Bffl^^w

mSI

11.1

Usingthis

Book 449

11.2 CommonIssues and

Challenges

450

11.3

Important

Things

to Remember 450 11.3.1 More

Challenging

than an ECCor R/3

Project

450

11.3.2

Management

Commitment Needed from the

Beginning

451

11.3.3

Project Management: User-Focused,

Not

Technology

Focused 451

11.3.4 Clear

Methodology

Needed to Determine

Requirements

451

11.3.5

Understanding

Data LoadVolume and

Granularity

451

11.3.6

Manage Expectations

for BW 452

11.3.7 Fix Bad Dataat Its Source 452

(15)

11.3.9 When the BW

System

IsLive, the Solution Isn't

Finished 452

11.4 Conclusion 452

A

Sample Project

Plan 455

B

Important

Checklists 473

C Document

Templates

487

D Common Issues When

Upgrading

from SAP NetWeaver BW

Version 3.xto NW2004s 505

E

Sample

SAP NetWeaver BW

Naming

Standards Document 511

F SAP NetWeaver BW

Integration

Test

Script

515

G

Bibliography

519

H TheAuthors 521

References

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