Pangasinan State University Bayambang Campus Laboratory High School Bayambang, Pangasinan
A
Detailed Lesson Plan
In
Science 8
(Liquids)
Submitted to: Mrs. Marjorie P. Lacap Supervising Instructor Prepared by: Diana Rose E. Orinion Noemie D. Quiambao Chona R. Rosales Christian B. Pasuquin Student Teachers, Physical ScienceA Detailed Lesson Plan in Science 8 I. Objectives:
At the end of a 60-minute discussion, the students should be able to accomplish the following with at least 75% rate of success:
a. define liquids;
b. enumerate and describe the properties of liquids; c. cite examples of each of the properties of liquid; d. apply the concepts through series of activities; and e. participate actively in the activities.
II. Subject Matter A. Topic
Liquids B. Materials
Water, oil, clear glasses, alcohol, dye, bowl, razor blade, piece of paper, thin straw, juice C. Values Integration
Awareness, appreciation D. References
Religioso, Teresita F., et. al., (2014), “You and the Natural World – The New Science 8”. Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House Inc. (192-195)
III. Learning Development
Teacher’s Activities A. Recall
Yesterday, you’ve learned about the first state of matter which is gas. Class, can anyone define what gas is? What are the properties of gas?
B. Motivation
Today, we will discuss about liquids. Let us start with what you know.
What comes into your mind when you hear the word liquid?
C. Development of the lesson
Based from the words that you have given, can you now define what a liquid is?
Student Activities Gas is a state of matter with particles that are very loosely packed which makes it move very fast.
Gas has no definite shape and volume, diffuse easily, flows, can be compressed and exerts pressure.
The students will answer by using a concept map.
Liquid is a state of matter which may be clear or colored and is characterized by wetness. Some of its examples are water and milk.
Now, let us talk about its properties.
For that, we have prepared some materials for a series of activities that we will be conducting.
For the first activity, we have here some oil, water, and a bowl.
May I ask for two volunteers in the class to do the activity?
What you need to do is to pour the water and oil in separate bowls slowly.
Guide questions:
What you observe about the flow of water? Oil?
Why do you think the water flowed faster than the oil?
Yes, that’s right and that is what we call a liquid’s viscosity. Viscosity is the resistance to flow. The stronger the molecular attraction, the more viscous a liquid is.
Did water take the shape of the container?
How about the oil, did it take the shape of the container, too?
As you observed in the activity, liquids can flow out of a container and can be poured into another while maintaining their volume. This happens because there are attractions among the particles of liquid which hold them together although not in fixed positions. These attractions also make it possible for liquids to have a definite volume. Hence, we can say that liquids have the ability to flow and can have a definite volume.
Is that clear to you class?
Now, let’s proceed to our next activity. Again, may I ask a volunteer from the class?
We have here a dye and a glass of water. What you need to do is to drop a small amount of dye in a glass of water. What happened to the dye and the water?
Good. The particles of liquid are loosely-packed which makes the color of the dye spread slowly.
That property of liquid is what you call diffusion. The particle of liquids move around each other.
For the third activity, we have a glass of water and a razor blade. All we need to do is to place the razor blade on the
(The two volunteers will go in front.)
The water flow faster than the oil.
Yes, Ma’am/Sir. Yes, Ma’am/Sir.
Yes, teacher.
(A selected volunteer will go in front.)
The color of the dye slowly spread in water after a few seconds.
It is because the oil is somewhat syrupy.
surface of the water carefully and observe what will happen.
May I call on ____________ to do the task?
What did you notice when the razor blade was put in the water?
Yes, that’s right. That is because of surface tension. The molecules in the interior of a liquid are attracted by their neighbors on all sides. On the other hand, have only neighbors below and at the sides. As a result, the surface molecules experience a net attraction downward and are pulled toward the interior. Thus, a liquid tends to minimize the number of molecules at the surface which results as surface tension. Surface tension is a phenomenon in which the surface of a liquid, when the liquid is in contact with gas, acts like an elastic sheet covering the interior.
Do you have any question class?
Ok then, let’s now proceed to our next activity. I need two boys to do the activity. Let us have some boys at the back. In this activity, one of the student will place a thin straw in a juice drink.
Meanwhile, the other student will submerged the tip of a paper in water.
Guide question:
What happened to the water when the straw was placed in the glass? When the tip of the paper was submerged?
That property of water is what we call capillary action or capillarity. Capillarity is the movement of water up the tubes called capillary tubes. That was presented in the straw in a glass of water activity. In nature ad everyday life, this thin tubes are not always obvious which is in the case of the paper submerged in water.
For the last activity, may I ask a volunteer from the class? Get a glass and pour some alcohol in it. Observe what will happen after some time.
Meanwhile, put some alcohol in the palms of your hand. Guide questions:
What happened to the volume of the alcohol in the container? In your palm?
What did you feel as the alcohol slowly disappears from your hand?
(The student will go in front and perform the activity.)
It floated in the water, ma’am/sir.
None, Ma’am/Sir.
(The boys will go in front and perform the task.)
(A selected volunteer will go in front.)
It disappeared.
I feel cooled.
Ma’am/Sir, I think it went to the air.
The water moved up the straw even without doing something. The water slowly went up the paper and turned it wet.
Where do you think might be the alcohol go when it disappeared?
Why did you say so?
You got it right!
The reason behind the disappearance of the alcohol as well as the cooling of the palms is evaporation or we can call it vaporization.
Now, can you define what evaporation is? That’s right.
Evaporation or vaporization is the transformation of a liquid into a gas. If vaporization takes place in an open container, as in the alcohol in the cap, the molecules diffuse away from the surface of the liquid and evaporate. Since molecules with most energy (fast moving) escape and molecules with less energy are left behind, the remaining, liquid becomes slightly cooler than the surroundings. That is why evaporation has a cooling effect.
Did you get it class?
D. Generalization
(Done through a class recitation.) What is liquid?
What are the properties of liquid?
What is diffusion?
What is surface tension?
What is evaporation?
Ma’am/Sir, I think it undergo through a process called evaporation.
Evaporation is the process by which liquid goes to the air and is transformed into a gas.
Clearly, Ma’am/Sir.
Liquid is a state of matter which may be clear or colored and is characterized by wetness.
The properties of liquid are ability to flow, has a definite volume, surface tension, diffusion, capillary action, and evaporation or vaporization.
Diffusion is a property of liquid I which particles of water move around each other.
Surface tension is a phenomenon in which the surface of a liquid, when the liquid is in contact with gas, acts like an elastic sheet covering the interior.
Evaporation or vaporization is the transformation of a liquid into a gas. It happens when the particle of the liquids escaped into the air.
Very good class! I think you’re now ready to take a short quiz. Keep your things away from your desk. Only ball pens and the test papers are on your desk. (The teacher will distribute the test papers.)
IV. Evaluation Part I.
Direction: Identify what is described in the following. __________ 1. It is the resistance to flow.
__________ 2. It is a property of liquid where liquid particles move around each other. __________ 3. The force on the surface of a liquid that makes the surface area as small as possible.
__________ 4. The phenomenon where liquid rises up through a tube. __________ 5. It is the transformation of a liquid into gas.
__________ 6. It has the ability to flow and has a definite volume. Part II.
Direction: Identify what property of liquid is applied to the following situations. __________ 1. Clothes absorb sweat from the body.
__________ 2. Clothing keeps you comfortable by drawing the moisture away from your skin when you perspire.
__________ 3. Some insects can walk in water. __________ 4. Drying of clothes under the sun. __________ 5. Existence of low tide.
__________ 6.Wiping of wet table.
__________ 7. A strand of hair that does not sink in water. __________ 8. A drop of water is spherical in shape.
__________ 9. Water moves from the soil to the stems and leaves of trees and plants through tiny tubes in the bark or stem of a plant.
__________ 10. Cracking of lips during winter season.
Answer Key Part I. 1. Viscosity 5. Vaporization/evaporation 2. Diffusion 6. Liquid 3. Surface tension 4. Capillary action Part II.
1. Capillary action 6. Capillary action 2. Evaporation/vaporization 7. Surface tension 3. Surface Tension 8. Surface tension 4. Evaporation/vaporization 9. Capillary action
5. Evaporation/vaporization 10. Evaporation/vaporization
V. Assignment
Is boiling different from evaporation? Explain your answer. Write it in a one whole sheet of paper and submit it tomorrow.
