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Title: Beowulf
Author: James A. Harrison and Robert Sharp, eds. Release Date: January, 2006 [EBook #9700]
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** Preface to the Project Gutenberg Edition of Beowulf **
This text is a corrected version of the fourth edition of Harrison and Sharp in its entirety. It comes in two basic versions. The base version, available in 8-bit (Latin-1) text and HTML, presents the original text as printed. This file contains the original version. It preserves the
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explaining the difficulty, signed KTH. A complete list of the changes made is appended at the end of the file. In order to make the text more useful to modern readers, I have also produced a revised edition, available in Unicode (UTF-8) and HTML. Notes from the source text that indicate changes adopted in later editions have been incorporated directly into the text and apparatus. Further, long vowels are indicated with macrons, as is the
common practice of most modern editions. Finally, the quantity of some words has been altered to the values currently accepted as correct. Quantities have not been changed when the difference is a matter of editorial interpretation (e.g., g st vs. g st in l. 102, etc.) A list of� � these altered quantities appears at the end of the list of corrections. Your browser must support the Unicode character set to use the revised version.
Explanation of the Vowel Accenting
In general, Harrison and Sharp use circumflex accents over vowels to mark long vowels. For ash, however, the actual character ' ' represents the long� vowel. Short ash is rendered with a-umlaut ( ). The long diphthongs (eo,� ea, etc.) are indicated with an acute accent over the _second_ vowel (e ,� e , etc.).�
** End of PG Preface **
I. BE WULF:�
_AN ANGLO-SAXON POEM_. II. THE FIGHT AT FINNSBURH: _A FRAGMENT_.
WITH TEXT AND GLOSSARY ON THE BASIS OF M. HEYNE. EDITED, CORRECTED, AND ENLARGED, BY
JAMES A. HARRISON, LL.D., LITT. D.,
PROFESSOR OF ENGLISH AND MODERN LANGUAGES, WASHINGTON AND LEE UNIVERSITY, AND
ROBERT SHARP (PH.D. LIPS.),
PROFESSOR OF GREEK AND ENGLISH, TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA. FOURTH EDITION. REVISED, WITH NOTES.
GINN & COMPANY
Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1883, by JAMES ALBERT HARRISON AND ROBERT SHARP
in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
DEDICATED TO
PROFESSOR F. A. MARCH, OF LAFAYETTE COLLEGE, PA., AND
FREDERICK J. FURNIVALL, ESQ. FOUNDER OF THE "NEW SHAKSPERE SOCIETY," THE "CHAUCER SOCIETY," ETC., ETC.
PREFACE TO THE FOURTH EDITION.
The favor with which the successive editions of "Be wulf" have been�
received during the past thirteen years emboldens the editors to continue the work of revision in a fourth issue, the most noticeable feature of which is a considerable body of explanatory Notes, now for the first time added. These Notes mainly concern themselves with new textual readings, with here and there grammatical, geographical, and arch ological points� that seemed worthy of explanation. Parallelisms and parallel passages are constantly compared, with the view of making the poem illustrate and
explain itself. A few emendations and textual changes are suggested by the editors with all possible diffidence; numerous corrections have been made in the Glossary and List of Names; and the valuable parts of former
Appendices have been embodied in the Notes.
For the Notes, the editors are much indebted to the various German
periodicals mentioned on page 116, to the recent publications of Professors Earle and J. L. Hall, to Mr. S. A. Brooke, and to the Heyne-Socin edition of "Be wulf." No change has been made in the system of accentuation, though� a few errors in quantity have been corrected. The editors are looking
forward to an eventual fifth edition, in which an entirely new text will be presented.
October, 1893.
NOTE TO THE THIRD EDITION.
This third edition of the American issue of Be wulf will, the editors hope,� be found more accurate and useful than either of the preceding editions. Further corrections in text and glossary have been made, and some
additional new readings and suggestions will be found in two brief appendices at the back of the book. Students of the metrical system of Be wulf will find ample material for their studies in Sievers' exhaustive� essay on that subject (Beitr ge, X. 209-314).�
Socin's edition of Heyne's Be wulf (called the fifth edition) has been� utilized to some extent in this edition, though it unfortunately came too late to be freely used. While it repeats many of the omissions and
inaccuracies of Heyne's fourth edition, it contains much that is valuable to the student, particularly in the notes and commentary. Students of the poem, which has been subjected to much searching criticism during the last decade, will also derive especial help from the contributions of Sievers and Kluge on difficult questions appertaining to it. W lker's new edition� (in the Grein _Bibliothek_) is of the highest value, however one may
dissent from particular textual views laid down in the 'Berichtigter Text.' Paul and Braune's Beitr ge contain a varied miscellany of hints,�
corrections, and suggestions principally embodying the views of Kluge, Cosijn, Sievers, and Bugge, some of the more important of which are found in the appendices to the present and the preceding edition. Holder and Zupitza, Sarrazin and Hermann M ller (Kiel, 1883), Heinzel (Anzeiger f.d.� Alterthum, X.), Gering (Zacher's Zeitschrift, XII.), Brenner (Eng. Studien, IX.), and the contributors to Anglia, have assisted materially in the
textual and metrical interpretation of the poem.
The subject of Anglo-Saxon quantity has been discussed in several able essays by Sievers, Sweet, Ten Brink (Anzeiger, f.d. Alterthum, V.), Kluge (Beitr ge, XI.), and others; but so much is uncertain in this field that� the editors have left undisturbed the marking of vowels found in the text of their original edition, while indicating in the appendices the now accepted views of scholars on the quantity of the personal pronouns (m ,� w , � ��, ��, g , h ); the adverb n , etc. Perhaps it would be best to banish� � � absolutely all attempts at marking quantities except in cases where the Ms. has them marked.
An approximately complete Bibliography of Be wulf literature will be found� in W lker's _Grundriss_ and in Garnett's translation of the poem.�
JAMES A. HARRISON, ROBERT SHARP.
WASHINGTON AND LEE UNIVERSITY, LEXINGTON, VA., May, 1888.
NOTE TO THE SECOND REVISED EDITION.
The editors feel so encouraged at the kind reception accorded their edition of Be wulf (1883), that, in spite of its many shortcomings, they have�
determined to prepare a second revised edition of the book, and thus endeavor to extend its sphere of usefulness. About twenty errors had, notwithstanding a vigilant proof-reading, crept into the text,--errors in single letters, accents, and punctuation. These have been corrected, and it is hoped that the text has been rendered generally accurate and
trustworthy. In the List of Names one or two corrections have been made, and in the Glossary numerous mistakes in gender, classification, and translation, apparently unavoidable in a first edition, have been
rectified. Wherever these mistakes concern _single_ letters, or occupy very small space, they have been corrected in the plates; where they are longer, and the expense of correcting them in the plates would have been very
great, the editors have thought it best to include them in an Appendix of Corrections and Additions, which will be found at the back of the book.
Students are accordingly referred to this Appendix for important longer corrections and additions. It is believed that the value of the book has been much enhanced by an Appendix of Recent Readings, based on late criticisms and essays from the pens of Sievers, Kluge, Cosijn, Holder, W lker, and Sweet. A perplexed student, in turning to these suggested� readings, will often find great help in unravelling obscure or corrupt passages.
The objectionable and , for the short and the long diphthong, have been� � retained in the revised edition, owing to the impossibility of removing them without entirely recasting the plates.
In conclusion, the editors would acknowledge their great indebtedness to the friends and critics whose remarks and criticisms have materially aided in the correction of the text,--particularly to Profs. C.P.G. Scott,
Baskervill, Price, and J.M. Hart; to Prof. J.W. Bright; and to the
authorities of Cornell University, for the loan of periodicals necessary to the completeness of the revision. While the second revised edition still contains much that might be improved, the editors cannot but hope that it is an advance on its predecessor, and that it will continue its work of extending the study of Old English throughout the land.
JUNE, 1885.
NOTE I.
The present work, carefully edited from Heyne's fourth edition, (Paderborn, 1879), is designed primarily for college classes in Anglo-Saxon, rather than for independent investigators or for seekers after a restored or ideal text. The need of an American edition of "Be wulf" has long been felt, as,� hitherto, students have had either to send to Germany for a text, or
secure, with great trouble, one of the scarce and expensive English
editions. Heyne's first edition came out in 1863, and was followed in 1867 and 1873 by a second and a third edition, all three having essentially the same text.
So many important contributions to the "Be wulf" literature were, however,� made between 1873 and 1879 that Heyne found it necessary to put forth a new edition (1879). In this new, last edition, the text was subjected to a careful revision, and was fortified by the views, contributions, and criticisms of other zealous scholars. In it the collation of the unique "Be wulf" Ms. (Vitellius A. 15: Cottonian Mss. of the British Museum), as� made by E. K lbing in Herrig's _Archiv_ (Bd. 56; 1876), was followed� wherever the present condition of the Ms. had to be discussed; and the researches of Bugge, Bieger, and others, on single passages, were made use of. The discussion of the metrical structure of the poem, as occurring in the second and third editions, was omitted in the fourth, owing to the many controversies in which the subject is still involved. The present editor has thought it best to do the same, though, happily, the subject of Old English _Metrik_ is undergoing a steady illumination through the labors of Schipper and others.
Some errors and misplaced accents in Heyne's text have been corrected in the present edition, in which, as in the general revision of the text, the editor has been most kindly aided by Prof. J.M. Garnett, late Principal of St. John's College, Maryland.
In the preparation of the present school edition it has been thought best to omit Heyne's notes, as they concern themselves principally with
conjectural emendations, substitutions of one reading for another, and discussions of the condition of the Ms. Until W lker's text and the� photographic fac-simile of the original Ms. are in the hands of all scholars, it will be better not to introduce such matters in the school room, where they would puzzle without instructing.
For convenience of reference, the editor has added a head-line to each "fit" of the poem, with a view to facilitate a knowledge of its episodes. WASHINGTON AND LEE UNIVERSITY,
LEXINGTON, VA., June, 1882.
NOTE II.
The editors now have the pleasure of presenting to the public a complete text and a tolerably complete glossary of "Be wulf." The edition is the� first published in America, and the first of its special kind presented to the English public, and it is the initial volume of a "Library of
Anglo-Saxon Poetry," to be edited under the same auspices and with the co peration of distinguished scholars in this country. Among these scholars� may be mentioned Professors F.A. March of Lafayette College, T.K. Price of Columbia College, and W.M. Baskervill of Vanderbilt University.
In the preparation of the Glossary the editors found it necessary to abandon a literal and exact translation of Heyne for several reasons, and among others from the fact that Heyne seems to be wrong in the translation of some of his illustrative quotations, and even translates the same
passage in two or three different ways under different headings. The orthography of his glossary differs considerably from the orthography of his text. He fails to discriminate with due nicety the meanings of many of the words in his vocabulary, while criticism more recent than his latest edition (1879) has illustrated or overthrown several of his renderings. The references were found to be incorrect in innumerable instances, and had to be verified in every individual case so far as this was possible, a few only, which resisted all efforts at verification, having to be indicated by an interrogation point (?). The references are exceedingly numerous, and the labor of verifying them was naturally great. To many passages in the Glossary, where Heyne's translation could not be trusted with entire certainty, the editors have added other translations of phrases and sentences or of special words; and in this they have been aided by a
careful study of the text and a comparison and utilization of the views of Kemble and Professor J.M. Garnett (who takes Grein for his foundation). Many new references have been added; and the various passages in which Heyne fails to indicate whether a given verb is weak or strong, or fails to point out the number, etc., of the illustrative form, have been corrected and made to harmonize with the general plan of the work. Numerous misprints in the glossary have also been corrected, and a brief glossary to the
Finnsburh-fragment, prepared by Dr. Wm. Hand Browne, and supplemented and adapted by the editor-in-chief, has been added.
The editors think that they may without immodesty put forth for themselves something more than the claim of being re-translators of a translation: the present edition is, so far as they were able to make it so, an adaptation, correction, and extension of the work of the great German scholar to whose loving appreciation of the Anglo-Saxon epic all students of Old English owe
a debt of gratitude. While following his usually sure and cautious
guidance, and in the main appropriating his results, they have thought it best to deviate from him in the manner above indicated, whenever it seemed that he was wrong. The careful reader will notice at once the marks of interrogation which point out these deviations, or which introduce a point of view illustrative of, or supplementary to, the one given by the German editor. No doubt the editors are wrong themselves in many
places,--"Be wulf" is a most difficult poem,--but their view may at least� be defended by a reference to the original text, which they have faithfully and constantly consulted.
A good many cognate Modern English words have been introduced here and there in the Glossary with a view to illustration, and other addenda will be found between brackets and parenthetical marks.
It is hoped that the present edition of the most famous of Old English poems will do something to promote a valuable and interesting study.
JAMES A. HARRISON,
_Washington and Lee University, Lexington, Va._ ROBERT SHARP,
_University of Louisiana, New Orleans_. April, 1883.
The responsibility of the editors is as follows: H. is responsible for the Text, and for the Glossary from hr nan on; S. for the List of Names, and� for the Glossary as far as hr nan.�
ARGUMENT.
The only national [Anglo-Saxon] epic which has been preserved entire is Be wulf. Its argument is briefly as follows:--The poem opens with a few� verses in praise of the Danish Kings, especially Scild, the son of Sceaf. His death is related, and his descendants briefly traced down to Hro gar.� Hro gar, elated with his prosperity and success in war, builds a�
magnificent hall, which he calls Heorot. In this hall Hro gar and his� retainers live in joy and festivity, until a malignant fiend, called Grendel, jealous of their happiness, carries off by night thirty of
Hro gar's men, and devours them in his moorland retreat. These ravages go� on for twelve years. Be wulf, a thane of Hygelac, King of the Goths,� hearing of Hro gar's calamities, sails from Sweden with fourteen�
warriors--to help him. They reach the Danish coast in safety; and, after an animated parley with Hro gar's coastguard, who at first takes them for� pirates, they are allowed to proceed to the royal hall, where they are well received by Hro gar. A banquet ensues, during which Be wulf is taunted by� � the envious Hunferh about his swimming-match with Breca, King of the� Brondings. Be wulf gives the true account of the contest, and silences� Hunferh . At night-fall the King departs, leaving Be wulf in charge of the� � hall. Grendel soon breaks in, seizes and devours one of Be wulf's�
companions; is attacked by Be wulf, and, after losing an arm, which is torn� off by Be wulf, escapes to the fens. The joy of Hro gar and the Danes, and� � their festivities, are described, various episodes are introduced, and Be wulf and his companions receive splendid gifts. The next night Grendel's� mother revenges her son by carrying off schere, the friend and councillor�
of Hro gar, during the absence of Be wulf. Hro gar appeals to Be wulf for� � � � vengeance, and describes the haunts of Grendel and his mother. They all proceed thither; the scenery of the lake, and the monsters that dwell in it, are described. Be wulf plunges into the water, and attacks Grendel's� mother in her dwelling at the bottom of the lake. He at length overcomes her, and cuts off her head, together with that of Grendel, and brings the heads to Hro gar. He then takes leave of Hro gar, sails back to Sweden, and� � relates his adventures to Hygelac. Here the first half of the poem ends. The second begins with the accession of Be wulf to the throne, after the� fall of Hygelac and his son Heardred. He rules prosperously for fifty
years, till a dragon, brooding over a hidden treasure, begins to ravage the country, and destroys Be wulf's palace with fire. Be wulf sets out in quest� � of its hiding-place, with twelve men. Having a presentiment of his
approaching end, he pauses and recalls to mind his past life and exploits. He then takes leave of his followers, one by one, and advances alone to attack the dragon. Unable, from the heat, to enter the cavern, he shouts aloud, and the dragon comes forth. The dragon's scaly hide is proof against Be wulf's sword, and he is reduced to great straits. Then Wiglaf, one of� his followers, advances to help him. Wiglaf's shield is consumed by the dragon's fiery breath, and he is compelled to seek shelter under Be wulf's� shield of iron. Be wulf's sword snaps asunder, and he is seized by the� dragon. Wiglaf stabs the dragon from underneath, and Be wulf cuts it in two� with his dagger. Feeling that his end is near, he bids Wiglaf bring out the treasures from the cavern, that he may see them before he dies. Wiglaf enters the dragon's den, which is described, returns to Be wulf, and� receives his last commands. Be wulf dies, and Wiglaf bitterly reproaches� his companions for their cowardice. The disastrous consequences of
Be wulf's death are then foretold, and the poem ends with his funeral.--H.� Sweet, in Warton's _History of English Poetry_, Vol. II. (ed. 1871). Cf. also Ten Brink's _History of English Literature_.
BE WULF.�
I. THE PASSING OF SCYLD.
Hw t! we G r-Dena in ge r-dagum� � � e d-cyninga rym gefrunon,� � � h � �� ��elingas ellen fremedon. Oft Scyld Sc fing scea ena re tum,� � � � 5 monegum m g um meodo-setla ofte h.� � � Egsode eorl, sy��an rest wear� �
fe -sceaft funden: he � ��s fr fre geb d,� � we x under wolcnum, weor -myndum � � ��h, �� ��t him ghwylc � ��ra ymb-sittendra 10 ofer hron-r de h ran scolde,� �
gomban gyldan: ��t w s g d cyning!� � ��m eafera w s fter cenned� �
geong in geardum, one god sende� folce t fr fre; fyren- earfe ongeat,� � � 15 ��t hie r drugon aldor-le se� �
lange hw le. Him � ��s l f-fre ,� �
wuldres wealdend, worold- re forgeaf;� Be wulf w s breme (bl d w de sprang),� � � � Scyldes eafera Scede-landum in.
20 Sw sceal geong guma, g de gewyrcean,� � fromum feoh-giftum on f der wine,� ��t hine on ylde eft gewunigen wil-ges��as, onne w g cume,� � le de gel sten: lof-d dum sceal� � � 25 in m g a gehw re man ge e n.� � � � �
Him �� Scyld gew t t gesc p-hw le� � � � fela-hr r f ran on fre n w re;� � � �
hi hyne �� � tb ron t brimes faro e.� � � sw se ges� ��as, sw he selfa b d,� � 30 enden wordum we ld wine Scyldinga,� � le f land-fruma lange hte.� �
��r t h� ��e st d hringed-stefna,� sig and tf s, � � � ��elinges f r;� -l don � � �� le fne e den,� � � 35 be ga bryttan on bearm scipes,� m rne be m ste. � � ��r w s m dma fela,� � of feor-wegum fr twa gel ded:� �
ne h rde ic cyml cor ce l gegyrwan� � � hilde-w pnum and hea o-w dum,� � �
40 billum and byrnum; him on bearme l g� m dma m nigo, � � �� him mid scoldon on fl des ht feor gew tan.� � �
Nalas hi hine l ssan l cum te dan,� � � e d-gestre num, onne � � � � �� dydon, 45 e hine t frumsceafte for onsendon� � � nne ofer � ��e umbor wesende:
�� gyt hie him setton segen gyldenne� he h ofer he fod, l ton holm beran,� � � ge fon on g r-secg: him w s ge mor sefa,� � � � 50 murnende m d. Men ne cunnon�
secgan t so e sele-r dende,� � �
h le under heofenum, hw � � � ��m hl ste onf ng.� �
II. THE HALL HEOROT.
�� w s on burgum Be wulf Scyldinga,� � le f le d-cyning, longe rage� � �
55 folcum gefr ge (f der ellor hwearf,� � aldor of earde), �� ��t him eft onw c� he h Healfdene; he ld enden lifde,� � � gamol and g��-re w, gl de Scyldingas.� � ��m fe wer bearn for -ger med� � �
60 in worold w cun, weoroda r swan,� � Heorog r and Hr� �� �g r and H lga til;� h rde ic, at Elan cw n Ongen e wes w s� � � � � � Hea oscilfinges heals-gebedde.�
�� w s Hr� �� �g re here-sp d gyfen,�
65 w ges weor -mynd, � � ��t him his wine-m gas� georne h rdon, � �� ��t se geogo gewe x,� � � mago-driht micel. Him on m d bearn,� ��t heal-reced h tan wolde,�
medo- rn micel men gewyrcean,� 70 one yldo bearn fre gefrunon,� � and ��r on innan eall ged lan�
geongum and ealdum, swylc him god sealde, b ton folc-scare and feorum gumena.�
�� ic w de gefr gn weorc gebannan� �
75 manigre m g e geond isne middan-geard,� � � folc-stede fr twan. Him on fyrste gelomp� dre mid yldum, � ��t hit wear eal gearo,� heal- rna m st; sc p him Heort naman,� � � se e his wordes geweald w de h fde.� � � 80 He be t ne l h, be gas d lde,� � � � �
sinc t symle. Sele hlifade�
he h and horn-ge p: hea o-wylma b d,� � � � l��an l ges; ne w s hit lenge � � �� gen ��t se ecg-hete ��um-swerian
85 fter w l-n� � ��e w cnan scolde.� �� se ellen-g st earfo l ce� � �
rage ge olode, se e in � � � ��strum b d,� ��t he d gora gehw m dre m geh rde� � � � hl dne in healle; � ��r w s hearpan sw g,� � 90 swutol sang sc pes. S gde se e c� � � ��e frum-sceaft fira feorran reccan, cw�� ��t se lmihtiga eor an worhte,� � wlite-beorhtne wang, sw w ter beb ge ,� � � � gesette sige-hr��ig sunnan and m nan� 95 le man t le hte land-b endum,� � � �
and gefr twade foldan sce tas� � leomum and le fum; l f e c gesce p� � � � cynna gehwylcum, ��ra e cwice hwyrfa .� � Sw � �� driht-guman dre mum lifdon�
100 e digl ce, � � �� ��t n ongan� fyrene fremman, fe nd on helle:� w s se grimma g st Grendel h ten,� � � m re mearc-stapa, se e m ras he ld,� � � � fen and f sten; f fel-cynnes eard� � 105 won-s lig wer weardode hw le,� �
si��an him scyppend forscrifen h fde.� In Caines cynne one cwealm gewr c,� � ce drihten, � ��s e he Abel sl g;� �
ne gefeah he ��re f h e, ac he hine feor forwr c,� � � 110 metod for �� m ne man-cynne fram.�
anon untydras ealle onw con,� � eotenas and ylfe and orcn as,�
swylce gigantas, �� wi gode wunnon� lange rage; he him � ��s le n forgeald.�
III. GRENDEL'S VISITS.
115 Gew t � �� ne sian, sy� ��an niht becom, he n h ses, h hit Hring-Dene� � �
fter be r- ege geb n h fdon.� � � � � Fand �� ��r inne ��elinga gedriht swefan fter symble; sorge ne c� ��on, 120 won-sceaft wera. Wiht unh lo�
grim and gr dig gearo s na w s,� � � re c and r� ��e, and on r ste genam� ritig egna: anon eft gew t� � � � h��e hr mig t h m faran,� � �
125 mid ��re w l-fylle w ca ne san.� � � �� w s on uhtan mid r-d ge� � �
�� w s fter wiste w p up hafen,� � � � micel morgen-sw g. M re e den,� � � � 130 ��eling r-g d, unbl� � ��e s t,�
olode r� � ��-sw��, egn-sorge dre h,� � sy��an hie ��s l��an l st sce wedon,� � wergan g stes; w s � � ��t gewin t strang,� l�� and longsum. N s hit lengra fyrst,� 135 ac ymb ne niht eft gefremede�
mor -beala m re and n mearn fore� � � f h e and fyrene; w s t f st on � � � � � ��m. �� w s e� ��-fynde, e him elles hw r� � ger ml cor r ste s hte,� � � �
140 bed fter b rum, � � �� him gebe cnod w s,� � ges gd s� �� �l ce sweotolan t cne�
heal- egnes hete; he ld hine sy� � ��an fyr and f stor, se � ��m fe nde twand.� � Sw r xode and wi rihte wan� � �
145 na wi eallum, � � �� ��t del st d� � h sa s lest. W s se hw l micel:� � � � � twelf wintra t d torn ge olode� � wine Scyldinga, we na gehwelcne,� s dra sorga; for am sy� � ��an wear� 150 ylda bearnum undyrne c��,
gyddum ge more, � ��tte Grendel wan, hw le wi Hr� � �� �g r;-- hete-n��as w g,� fyrene and f h e fela missera,� �
singale s ce, sibbe ne wolde� 155 wi manna hwone m genes Deniga� � feorh-bealo feorran, fe ingian,� � ne ��r n nig witena w nan orfte� � � beorhtre b te t banan folmum;� � atol gl ca htende w s,� � � �
160 deorc de��-sc a dugu e and geogo e� � � seomade and syrede. Sin-nihte he ld� mistige m ras; men ne cunnon,�
hwyder hel-r nan hwyrftum scr� �� �a . Sw fela fyrena fe nd man-cynnes,� � 165 atol n-gengea, oft gefremede� heardra h n a; Heorot eardode,� � sinc-f ge sel sweartum nihtum� (n he one gif-st l gr tan m ste,� � � � � m���um for metode, ne his myne wisse); 170 ��t w s wr c micel wine Scyldinga,� � m des brec a. Monig-oft ges t� � � r ce t r ne; r d eahtedon,� � � � hw t sw� ��-ferh um s lest w re� � � wi f r-gryrum t gefremmanne.� � � 175 Hw lum hie geh ton t h rg-trafum� � � � wig-weor unga, wordum b don,� � ��t him g st-bona ge ce gefremede� � wi e d- re um. Swylc w s e w hyra,� � � � � � � � h��enra hyht; helle gemundon
180 in m d-sefan, metod hie ne c� ��on,
d da d mend, ne wiston hie drihten god,� � ne hie h ru heofena helm h rian ne c� � ��on, wuldres waldend. W bi � � ��m e sceal� urh sl� ��ne n�� s wle besc fan� �
wihte gewendan; wel bi � ��m e m t� � fter de� ��-d ge drihten s cean� � and t f der f� � ��mum freo o wilnian.�
IV. HYGELAC'S THANE.
Sw � �� m l-ceare maga Healfdenes� 190 singala se��; ne mihte snotor h le� � we n onwendan: w s � � ��t gewin t sw� ��, l�� and longsum, e on � �� le de becom,� n d-wracu n� ��-grim, niht-bealwa m st.� ��t fram h m gefr gn Higel ces egn,� � � � 195 g d mid Ge tum, Grendles d da:� � �
se w s mon-cynnes m genes strengest� � on ��m d ge ysses l fes,� � �
��ele and e cen. H t him � � ��-lidan g dne gegyrwan; cw� �� he g��-cyning 200 ofer swan-r de s cean wolde,� �
m rne e den, � � � �� him w s manna earf.� � one s� ��-f t him snotere ceorlas�
lyt-hw n l gon, e h he him le f w re;� � � � � � hwetton higer fne, h l sce wedon.� � � 205 H fde se g da Ge ta le da� � � �
cempan gecorone, ��ra e he c noste� � findan mihte; f ftena sum�
sund-wudu s hte; secg w sade,� � lagu-cr ftig mon, land-gemyrcu.� 210 Fyrst for gew t: flota w s on � � � ��um, b t under beorge. Beornas gearwe� on stefn stigon; stre mas wundon� sund wi sande; secgas b ron� � on bearm nacan beorhte fr twe,�
215 g��-searo geatol c; guman t scufon,� � weras on wil-s�� wudu bundenne. Gew t � �� ofer w g-holm winde gef sed� � flota f mig-heals fugle gel cost,� � �� ��t ymb n-t d � � ��res d gores� 220 wunden-stefna gewaden h fde,� ��t �� l��ende land ges won,�
brim-clifu bl can, beorgas ste pe,� � s de s -n ssas: � � � �� w s sund liden,� eoletes t ende. anon up hra e� � � 225 Wedera le de on wang stigon,� s -wudu s ldon (syrcan hrysedon,� � g��-gew do); gode ancedon,� � ��s e him � ��-l de e� ��e wurdon. �� of wealle geseah weard Scildinga, 230 se e holm-clifu healdan scolde,� beran ofer bolcan beorhte randas, fyrd-searu f sl cu; hine fyrwyt br c� � � m d-gehygdum, hw t � � �� men w ron.� Gew t him � �� t waro e wicge r dan� � � 235 egn Hr� �� �g res, rymmum cwehte�
m gen-wudu mundum, me el-wordum fr gn:� � � "Hw t syndon ge searo-h bbendra� �
"byrnum werede, e us brontne ce l� � � "ofer lagu-str te l dan cw mon,� � �
240 "hider ofer holmas helmas b ron?� "Ic w s ende-s ta, g-wearde he ld,� � � � "��t on land Dena l��ra n nig�
"mid scip-herge sce��an ne meahte. "N her c� �� �l cor cuman ongunnon 245 "lind-h bbende; ne ge le fnes-word� � "g��-fremmendra gearwe ne wisson, "m ga gem du. N fre ic m ran geseah� � � � "eorla ofer eor an, onne is e wer sum,� � � "secg on searwum; nis ��t seld-guma
250 "w pnum geweor ad, n fne him his wlite le ge,� � � � " nl c an-s n. Nu ic e wer sceal� � � �
"frum-cyn witan, r ge fyr heonan� "le se sce weras on land Dena� � "fur ur f ran. Nu ge feor-b end,� � � 255 "mere-l��ende, m nne geh ra� � �
" n-fealdne ge� ��ht: fost is s lest� �
"t gec� ��anne, hwanan e wre cyme syndon."�
V. THE ERRAND.
Him se yldesta andswarode, werodes w sa, word-hord onle c:� � 260 "We synt gum-cynnes Ge ta le de� � "and Higel ces heor -gene tas.� � � "W s m n f der folcum gec� � � ��ed, "��ele ord-fruma Ecg e w h ten;� � �
"geb d wintra worn, r he on weg hwurfe,� � 265 "gamol of geardum; hine gearwe geman "witena wel-hwylc w de geond eor an.--� � "We urh holdne hige hl ford inne,� � � "sunu Healfdenes, s cean cw mon,� �
"le d-gebyrgean: wes u s l rena g d!� � � � � 270 "Habba we t � � ��m m ran micel rende� � "Deniga fre n; ne sceal � ��r dyrne sum "wesan, ��s ic w ne. u w st, gif hit is,� � � "sw we s� ��lice secgan h rdon,�
"��t mid Scyldingum scea a ic n t hwylc,� � 275 "de gol d d-hata, deorcum nihtum� �
"e we urh egsan unc� � � ��ne n��,
"h n u and hr -fyl. Ic � � � ��s Hr�� �g r m g� " urh r mne sefan r d gel ran,� � � �
"h he fr d and g d fe nd ofersw� � � � �� �e , 280 "gyf him ed-wendan fre scolde�
"bealuwa bisigu, b t eft cuman� "and �� cear-wylmas c lran wur a ;� � � "o��e sy� ��an earfo - rage,� �
" re -n d ola , enden � � � � � � ��r wuna� 285 "on he h-stede h sa s lest."� � � Weard ma elode, � ��r on wicge s t� ombeht unforht: " ghw� ��res sceal "scearp scyld-w ga gesc d witan,� � "worda and worca, se e wel ence .� � � 290 "Ic ��t geh re, � ��t is is hold weorod� "fre n Scyldinga. Gew ta for beran� � � � "w pen and gew du, ic e w w sige:� � � � "swylce ic magu- egnas m ne h te� � �
"wi fe nda gehwone flotan e werne,� � � 295 "niw-tyrwedne nacan on sande
" rum healdan, � �� ��t eft byre� "ofer lagu-stre mas le fne mannan� � "wudu wunden-hals t Weder-mearce.� "G��-fremmendra swylcum gife e bi ,� � 300 "��t one hilde-r s h l ged ge ."� � � � �
Gewiton him �� f ran (flota stille b d,� � seomode on s le s d-f� � ��med scyp,
on ancre f st); eofor-l c scionon� � ofer hle r-beran gehroden golde�
305 f h and f r-heard, ferh wearde he ld.� � � G�� �m de grummon, guman onetton,
sigon tsomne, � �� ��t hy s l timbred� geatol c and gold-f h ongytan mihton;� � ��t w s fore-m rost fold-b endum� � �
310 receda under roderum, on ��m se r ca b d;� � lixte se le ma ofer landa fela.�
Him �� hilde-de r hof m digra� �
torht get hte, � ��t hie him t mihton� gegnum gangan; g��-beorna sum
315 wicg gewende, word fter cw� ��: "M l is me t f ran; f der alwalda� � � � "mid r-stafum e wic gehealde� � "s��a gesunde! ic t s wille,� � "wi wr� �� werod wearde healdan."
VI. BE WULF'S SPEECH.�
320 Str t w s st n-f h, st g w sode� � � � � � gumum tg dere. G� � ��-byrne sc n� heard hond-locen, hring- ren sc r� � song in searwum, �� hie t sele fur um� � in hyra gryre-geatwum gangan cw mon.� 325 Setton s -m� ��e s de scyldas,�
rondas regn-hearde wi � ��s recedes weal, bugon �� t bence; byrnan hringdon,� g��-searo gumena; g ras st don,� � s -manna searo, samod tg dere,� � �
330 sc-holt ufan gr g: w s se ren- re t� � � � � � w pnum gewur ad. � � �� ��r wlonc h le� � oret-mecgas fter � ��elum fr gn:� "Hwanon ferigea ge f tte scyldas,� � "gr ge syrcan and gr m-helmas,� �
335 "here-sceafta he p?-- Ic eom Hr� �� �g res " r and ombiht. Ne seah ic el- e dige� � � " us manige men m digl cran.� � �
"W n' ic � ��t ge for wlenco, nalles for wr c-s� ��um, "ac for hige- rymmum Hr� �� �g r s hton."�
340 Him �� ellen-r f andswarode,�
wlanc Wedera le d word fter spr c,� � � heard under helme: "We synt Higel ces� "be d-gene tas; Be wulf is m n nama.� � � � "Wille ic secgan suna Healfdenes,� 345 "m rum e dne m n rende,� � � � �
"aldre ��num, gif he s geunnan wile,� "��t we hine sw g dne gr tan m ton."� � � �
Wulfg r ma elode (� � ��t w s Wendla le d,� � w s his m d-sefa manegum gec� � ��ed, 350 w g and w s-d m): "ic � � � ��s wine Deniga, "fre n Scildinga frinan wille,�
"be ga bryttan, sw u b na eart,� � � � " e den m rne ymb � � � ��nne s�� ; "and e � �� andsware dre gec� ��an, 355 " e me se g da gifan ence ."� � � � �
Hwearf �� hr dl ce, � � ��r Hr�� �g r s t,� eald and unh r mid his eorla gedriht;� eode ellen-r f, � ��t he for eaxlum gest d� Deniga fre n, c� ��e he dugu e e w.� � �
360 Wulfg r ma elode t his wine-drihtne:� � � "Her syndon geferede feorran cumene "ofer geofenes begang Ge ta le de:� � " one yldestan oret-mecgas�
"Be wulf nemna . Hy b nan synt,� � � 365 "��t hie, e den m n, wi e m ton� � � � � �
"wordum wrixlan; n u him wearne gete h,� � � "��nra gegn-cwida gl dnian, Hr� �� �g r! "Hy on w g-geatwum wyr e incea� � � � "eorla ge htlan; h ru se aldor de h,� � � 370 "se ��m hea o-rincum hider w sade."� �
VII. HROTHGAR'S WELCOME.
Hr�� �g r ma elode, helm Scyldinga:� "Ic hine c��e cniht-wesende. "W s his eald-f der Ecg e h ten,� � � � � "��m t h m forgeaf Hr� � ��el Ge ta� 375 " ngan d htor; is his eafora nu� � "heard her cumen, s hte holdne wine.� " onne s gdon � � ��t s -l� ��ende,
"�� � e gif-sceattas Ge ta fyredon� " yder t ance, � � � ��t he rittiges� 380 "manna m gen-cr ft on his mund-gr pe� � � "hea o-r f h bbe. Hine h lig god� � � � "for r-stafum us onsende,�
"t West-Denum, � ��s ic w n h bbe,� �
"wi Grendles gryre: ic � ��m g dan sceal� 385 "for his m d- r ce m dmas be dan.� � � � �
"Be u on feste, h t hig in g n,� � � � � "se n sibbe-gedriht samod tg dere;� � �
"gesaga him e c wordum, � ��t hie sint wil-cuman "Deniga le dum." � �� wi duru healle�
390 Wulfg r eode, word inne be d:� � � "E w h t secgan sige-drihten m n,� � �
"aldor E st-Dena, � ��t he e wer � ��elu can "and ge him syndon ofer s -wylmas,�
"heard-hicgende, hider wil-cuman.
395 "Nu ge m ton gangan in e wrum gu -geatawum,� � � "under here-gr man, Hr� �� �g r gese n;�
"l ta hilde-bord her onbidian,� � "wudu w l-sceaftas, worda ge inges."� � r s � � �� se r ca, ymb hine rinc manig,� 400 ry l c egna he p; sume � � � � � ��r bidon,
Snyredon tsomne, � �� secg w sode� under Heorotes hr f; hyge-r f eode,� �
heard under helme, ��t he on heo e gest d.� � 405 Be wulf ma elode (on him byrne sc n,� � �
searo-net se wed smi es or- ancum):� � � "Wes u Hr� �� �g r h l! ic eom Higel ces� � "m g and mago- egn; h bbe ic m r a fela� � � � � "ongunnen on geogo e. Me wear Grendles ing� � � 410 "on m nre � ��el-tyrf undyrne c��:
"secga s -l� � ��end, ��t es sele stande,� "reced s lesta, rinca gehwylcum�
" del and unnyt, si� ��an fen-le ht� � "under heofenes h dor beholen weor e .� � � 415 "�� me ��t gel rdon le de m ne,� � �
"�� s lestan, snotere ceorlas,� " e den Hr� � �� �g r, ��t ic e s hte;� � "for an hie m genes cr ft m nne c� � � � ��on: "selfe ofers won, � �� ic of searwum cwom, 420 "f h from fe ndum, � � ��r ic f fe geband,� "��de eotena cyn, and on ��um sl g� "niceras nihtes, nearo- earfe dre h,� � "wr c Wedera n� �� (we n hsodon)� �
"forgrand gramum; and nu wi Grendel sceal,� 425 "wi am agl can, na gehegan� � � �
" ing wi yrse. Ic e nu � � � � ��, "brego Beorht-Dena, biddan wille, "eodor Scyldinga, nre b ne;� �
"��t u me ne forwyrne, w gendra hle ,� � � 430 "fre -wine folca, nu ic us feorran com,� � "��t ic m te na and m nra eorla gedryht,� � � " es hearda he p, Heorot f lsian.� � �
"H bbe ic e c ge hsod, � � � ��t se gl ca� � "for his won-h dum w pna ne r ce ;� � � �
435 "ic ��t onne forhicge, sw me Higel c s e,� � � � "m n mon-drihten, m des bl� � ��e,
"��t ic sweord bere o��e s dne scyld�
"geolo-rand t g� ��e; ac ic mid gr pe sceal� "f n wi fe nde and ymb feorh sacan,� � �
440 "l�� wi l� ��um; ��r gel fan sceal� "dryhtnes d me se e hine de� � �� nime .� "W n' ic � ��t he wille, gif he wealdan m t,� "in ��m g��-sele Ge tena le de� �
"etan unforhte, sw he oft dyde� 445 "m gen Hr� ��manna. N u m nne earft� � � � "hafalan h dan, ac he me habban wile� "dre re f hne, gif mec de� � �� nime ;� "byre bl dig w l, byrgean ence ,� � � � � "ete n-genga unmurnl ce,� � �
450 "mearca m r-hopu: n u ymb m nes ne earft� � � � � � "l ces feorme leng sorgian.�
"Onsend Higel ce, gif mec hild nime,�
"beadu-scr da betst, � ��t m ne bre st were ,� � � "hr gla s lest; � � ��t is Hr��lan l f,�
455 "W landes geweorc. G� �� � Wyrd sw hi scel!"� �
Hr�� �g r ma elode, helm Scyldinga:� "for were-fyhtum u, wine m n Be wulf,� � � "and for r-stafum sic s htest.� � �
"Gesl h in f der f h e m ste,� � � � � � 460 "wear he Hea ol fe t hand-bonan� � � � "mid Wilfingum; �� hine Wedera cyn "for here-br gan habban ne mihte.� " anon he ges hte S� � ��-Dena folc "ofer ��a gewealc, r-Scyldinga;� 465 "�� ic fur um we ld folce Deninga,� � "and on geogo e he ld gimme-r ce� � �
"hord-burh h le a: � � �� w s Hereg r de d,� � � "m n yldra m g unlifigende,� �
"bearn Healfdenes. Se w s betera onne ic!� � 470 "Si��an �� f h e fe ingode;� � � �
"sende ic Wylfingum ofer w teres hrycg� "ealde m dmas: he me � ��as sw r.�
"Sorh is me t secganne on sefan m num� � "gumena ngum, hw t me Grendel hafa� � � 475 "h n o on Heorote mid his hete- ancum,� � � "f r-n� ��a gefremed. Is m n flet-werod,� "w g-he p gewanod; hie Wyrd forswe p� � � "on Grendles gryre. God e��e m g� " one dol-sca an d da getw fan!� � � � 480 "Ful oft gebe tedon be re druncne� � "ofer ealo-w ge oret-mecgas,�
"��t hie in be r-sele b dan woldon� � "Grendles g��e mid gryrum ecga.
" onne w s e s medo-heal on morgen-t d,� � � � � 485 "driht-sele dre r-f h, onne d g lixte,� � � � "eal benc- elu bl de best med,� � �
"heall heoru-dre re: hte ic holdra � � �� l s,� "de rre dugu e, e � � � �� de�� fornam.
"Site nu t symle and ons l meoto,� �
490 "sige-hr�� secgum, sw � ��n sefa hwette!" �� w s Ge t-m cgum geador tsomne� � � �
on be r-sele benc ger med;� � ��r sw��-ferh e sittan eodon�
ry um dealle. egn nytte behe ld,� � � � 495 se e on handa b r hroden ealo-w ge,� � � scencte sc r wered. Sc p hw lum sang� � � h dor on Heorote; � ��r w s h le a dre m,� � � � dugu unlytel Dena and Wedera.�
IX. HUNFERTH OBJECTS TO BE WULF.�
nfer ma elode, Ecgl fes bearn,� � � � 500 e t f tum s t fre n Scyldinga;� � � � �
onband beadu-r ne (w s him Be wulfes s� � � ��, m dges mere-faran, micel f- unca,� � �
for on e he ne � � ��e, ��t nig � ��er man fre m r a on m middan-geardes� � � � �
505 geh dde under heofenum onne he sylfa):� � "Eart u se Be wulf, se e wi Brecan wunne,� � � � "on s dne s ymb sund flite,� �
"��r git for wlence wada cunnedon "and for dol-gilpe on de p w ter� �
510 "aldrum n��don? Ne inc nig mon,� "ne le f ne l� ��, bele n mihte�
"sorh-fullne s��; �� git on sund re n,� "��r git e gor-stre m earmum ehton,� � � "m ton mere-str ta, mundum brugdon,� � 515 "glidon ofer g r-secg; geofon � ��um we l,� "wintres wylme. Git on w teres ht� �
"seofon niht swuncon; he e t sunde oferfl t,� � � "h fde m re m gen. � � � �� hine on morgen-t d�
"on Hea o-r mas holm up tb r,� � � � 520 " onon he ges hte sw sne � � � ��el "le f his le dum lond Brondinga,� �
"freo o-burh f gere, � � ��r he folc hte,� "burg and be gas. Be t eal wi e� � � � "sunu Be nst nes s� � ��e gel ste.�
525 " onne w ne ic t e wyrsan ge inges,� � � � � " e h u hea o-r sa gehw r dohte,� � � � � � "grimre g��e, gif u Grendles dearst� "niht-longne fyrst ne n b dan!"� � Be wulf ma elode, bearn Ecg e wes:� � � � 530 "Hw t u worn fela, wine m n nfer ,� � � � � "be re druncen ymb Brecan spr ce,� � "s gdest from his s� ��e! S�� ic talige, "��t ic mere-strengo m ran hte,� �
"earfe o on � ��um, onne nig � � ��er man. 535 "Wit ��t gecw don cniht-wesende�
"and gebe tedon (w ron begen � � �� git "on geogo -feore) � ��t wit on g r-secg t� � "aldrum n��don; and ��t ge fndon sw .� � "H fdon swurd nacod, � �� wit on sund re n,� 540 "heard on handa, wit unc wi hron-fixas� "werian ��hton. N he wiht fram me� "fl d-� ��um feor fle tan meahte,�
"hra or on holme, n ic fram him wolde.� � "�� wit tsomne on s w ron� � �
545 "f f nihta fyrst, � �� ��t unc fl d t dr f,� � � "wado weallende, wedera cealdost,
"n pende niht and nor an wind� �
"hea o-grim andhwearf; hre w ron � � � ��a, "W s mere-fixa m d onhr red:� � �
550 "��r me wi l� ��um l c-syrce m n,� � "heard hond-locen, helpe gefremede; "beado-hr gl broden on bre stum l g,� � � "golde gegyrwed. Me t grunde te h� � "f h fe nd-sca a, f ste h fde� � � � �
555 "grim on gr pe: hw� ��re me gyfe e wear ,� � "��t ic agl can orde ger hte,� �
"hilde-bille; hea o-r s fornam� � "mihtig mere-de r urh m ne hand.� � �
X. BE WULF'S CONTEST WITH BRECA.--THE FEAST.� "Sw mec gel me l� � ��-gete nan�
560 " re tedon earle. Ic him � � � ��node "de ran sweorde, sw hit ged fe w s;� � � � "n s hie � ��re fylle gefe n h fdon,� � "m n-ford dlan, � � ��t hie me ��gon,
"symbel ymb-s ton s -grunde ne h,� � � 565 "ac on mergenne m cum wunde�
"be ��-l fe uppe l gon,� �
"sweordum swefede, � ��t sy��an n� "ymb brontne ford brim-l��ende "l de ne letton. Le ht e stan com,� � � 570 "beorht be cen godes; brimu swa redon,� � "��t ic s -n ssas gese n mihte,� � �
"windige weallas. Wyrd oft nere� "unf gne eorl, onne his ellen de h!� � �
"Hw��ere me ges lde, � ��t ic mid sweorde ofsl h� 575 "niceras nigene. N ic on niht gefr gn� �
"under heofones hwealf heardran feohtan, "ne on g-stre mum earmran mannan;� �
"hw��ere ic f ra feng feore ged gde,� � "si es w rig. � � �� mec s � �� �b r,
580 "fl d fter faro e, on Finna land,� � � "wadu weallendu. N ic wiht fram e� � "swylcra searo-n��a secgan h rde,� "billa br gan: Breca n fre git� � " t hea o-l ce, ne gehw� � � ��er incer 585 "sw de rl ce d d gefremede� � � �
"f gum sweordum . . . .� ". . . n ic � ��s gylpe;
" e h u � � � ��num br��rum t banan wurde,� "he fod-m gum; � � ��s u in helle scealt� 590 "werh o dre gan, e h � � � � ��n wit duge, "Secge ic e t s� � ��e, sunu Ecgl fes,�
"��t n fre Grendel sw fela gryra gefremede,� � "atol gl ca ealdre � � ��num,
"h n o on Heorote, gif � � ��n hige w re,� 595 "sefa sw searo-grim, sw u self talast.� � �
"Ac he hafa onfunden, � ��t he �� f h e ne earf,� � � "atole ecg- r ce e wer le de� � � �
"sw��e onsittan, Sige-Scyldinga; "nyme n d-b de, n negum ra� � � � � �
600 "le de Deniga, ac he on lust w ge ,� � � "swefe ond sende , secce ne w ne� � � � "t G r-Denum. Ac him Ge ta sceal� � � "eafo and ellen unge ra nu� �
"g��e gebe dan. G� �� eft se e m t� � 605 "t medo m dig, si� � ��an morgen-le ht� "ofer ylda bearn ��res d gores,� "sunne swegl-wered s��an sc ne !"� � �� w s on s lum sinces brytta� �
gamol-feax and g��-r f, ge ce gel fde� � � 610 brego Beorht-Dena; geh rde on Be wulfe� � folces hyrde f st-r dne ge� � ��ht.
��r w s h le a hleahtor; hlyn swynsode,� � � word w ron wynsume. Eode Wealh e w for ,� � � � cw n Hr� �� �g res, cynna gemyndig,
615 gr tte gold-hroden guman on healle,� and �� fre l c w f ful gesealde� � � rest E st-Dena � � ��el-wearde,
b d hine bl� ��ne t � ��re be r- ege,� � le dum le fne; he on lust ge eah� � � 620 symbel and sele-ful, sige-r f kyning.� Ymb-eode �� ides Helminga
dugu e and geogo e d l ghwylcne;� � � � sinc-fato sealde, �� ��t s l lamp,� � ��t hi Be wulfe, be g-hroden cw n,� � � � 625 m de ge ungen, medo-ful tb r;� � � � gr tte Ge ta le d, gode ancode� � � �
w s-f st wordum, � � ��s e hire se willa gelamp,� ��t he on nigne eorl gel fde� � �
fyrena fr fre. He � ��t ful ge eah,� 630 w l-re w w ga t Wealh e n,� � � � � �
and �� gyddode g��e gef sed,�
Be wulf ma elode, bearn Ecg e wes:� � � � "Ic ��t hogode, �� ic on holm gest h,� "s -b t ges t mid m nra secga gedriht,� � � � 635 "��t ic nunga e wra le da� � �
"willan geworhte, o��e on w l crunge,� "fe nd-gr pum f st. Ic gefremman sceal� � � "eorl c ellen, o� ��e ende-d g�
"on isse meodu-healle m nne geb dan."� � � 640 am w fe � � �� word wel l codon,�
gilp-cwide Ge tes; eode gold-hroden� fre l cu folc-cw n t hire fre n sittan.� � � � � �� w s eft sw r inne on healle� � �
ry -word sprecen, e d on s lum,� � � � � 645 sige-folca sw g, � �� ��t semninga sunu Healfdenes s cean wolde� fen-r ste; wiste t � � � ��m ahl can� t � ��m he h-sele hilde ge inged,� �
si��an hie sunnan le ht gese n ne meahton,� � 650 o��e n pende niht ofer ealle,�
scadu-helma gesceapu scr��an cw man,� wan under wolcnum. Werod eall r s.� � Gr tte � �� giddum guma ��erne,
Hr�� �g r Be wulf, and him h l be d,� � � � 655 w n- rnes geweald and � � ��t word cw� ��: "N fre ic negum men r l fde,� � � � �
"si��an ic hond and rond hebban mihte, " ry - rn Dena b ton e nu � � � � � ��.
"Hafa nu and geheald h sa s lest;� � 660 "gemyne m r o, m gen-ellen c� � � ��,
"waca wi wr� ��um! Ne bi e wilna g d,� � � "gif u � ��t ellen-weorc aldre ged gest."�
XI. THE WATCH FOR GRENDEL.
�� him Hr�� �g r gew t mid his h le a gedryht,� � � eodur Scyldinga t of healle;�
665 wolde w g-fruma Wealh e s can,� � � �
cw n t gebeddan H fde kyninga wuldor� � � Grendle t -ge nes, sw guman gefrungon,� � � sele-weard seted, sundor-nytte behe ld� � ymb aldor Dena, eoton weard be d;� � 670 h ru Ge ta le d georne tr wode� � � � m dgan m gnes, metodes hyldo.� � �� he him of dyde sern-byrnan,�
helm of hafelan, sealde his hyrsted sweord, rena cyst ombiht- egne,� �
Gespr c � �� se g da gylp-worda sum� Be wulf Ge ta, r he on bed stige:� � � "N ic me an here-w smum hn gran talige� � � "g��-geweorca, onne Grendel hine;� 680 "for an ic hine sweorde swebban nelle,� "aldre bene tan, e h ic eal m ge.� � � �
"N t he � ��ra g da, � ��t he me on-ge n sle ,� � "rand gehe we, e h e he r f s e� � � � � �
"n��-geweorca; ac wit on niht sculon 685 "secge ofersittan, gif he ges cean dear� "w g ofer w pen, and si� � ��an witig god "on sw hw� ��ere hond h lig dryhten� "m r o d me, sw him gemet ince."� � � � �
Hylde hine �� hea o-de r, hle r-bolster onf ng� � � � 690 eorles andwlitan; and hine ymb monig
snell c s -rinc sele-reste gebe h.� � � N nig heora � ��hte ��t he anon scolde� eft eard-lufan fre ges cean,� �
folc o��e fre -burh, � ��r he f ded w s,� � �
695 ac hie h fdon gefrunen, � ��t hie r t fela micles� � in ��m w n-sele w l-de� � �� fornam,
Denigea le de. Ac him dryhten forgeaf� w g-sp da gewiofu, Wedera le dum� � �
fr for and fultum, � ��t hie fe nd heora� 700 urh nes cr ft ealle oferc mon,� � � �
selfes mihtum: s�� is gec��ed, ��t mihtig god manna cynnes
we ld w de-ferh . Com on wanre niht� � � scr��an sceadu-genga. Sce tend sw fon,� � 705 �� ��t horn-reced healdan scoldon, ealle b ton num. � � ��t w s yldum c� ��, ��t hie ne m ste, � �� metod nolde, se syn-sca a under sceadu bregdan;� ac he w ccende wr� ��um on andan 710 b d bolgen-m d beadwa ge inges.� � �
XII. GRENDEL'S RAID.
�� com of m re under mist-hleo um� � Grendel gongan, godes yrre b r.� Mynte se m n-sca a manna cynnes� � sumne besyrwan in sele am he n;� �
715 w d under wolcnum, t � � ��s e he w n-reced,� � gold-sele gumena, gearwost wisse
f ttum f hne. Ne w s � � � ��t forma s��, ��t he Hr�� �g res h m ges hte:� �
n fre he on aldor-dagum r ne si� � ��an 720 heardran h le, heal- egnas fand!� � Com �� t recede rinc s� ��ian dre mum bed led. Duru s na onarn� � �
f r-bendum f st, sy� � ��an he hire folmum hr n;� onbr d � �� bealo-hydig, �� he bolgen w s,� � 725 recedes m��an. Ra e fter on� � �
on f gne fl r fe nd treddode,� � � eode yrre-m d; him of e gum st d� � � l ge gel cost le ht unf ger.� � � � Geseah he in recede rinca manige,
730 swefan sibbe-gedriht samod tg dere,� � mago-rinca he p: � �� his m d hl g,� � � mynte ��t he ged lde, r on d g cw me,� � � � � atol agl ca, nra gehwylces� �
l f wi l ce, � � � �� him lumpen w s� �
735 wist-fylle w n. Ne w s � � ��t wyrd �� gen, ��t he m m ste manna cynnes� �
icgean ofer � �� niht. r� ��-sw�� behe ld� m g Higel ces, h se m n-sca a� � � � �
under f r-gripum gefaran wolde.� 740 Ne ��t se agl ca yldan � ��hte, ac he gef ng hra e forman si e� � � sl pendne rinc, sl t unwearnum,� � b t b n-locan, bl d drum dranc,� � � � syn-sn dum swealh: s na h fde� � � 745 unlyfigendes eal gefeormod
f t and folma. For ne r tst p,� � � � � nam �� mid handa hige- ihtigne� rinc on r ste; r hte onge n� � � fe nd mid folme, he onf ng hra e� � � 750 inwit- ancum and wi earm ges t.� � � S na � ��t onfunde fyrena hyrde, ��t he ne m tte middan-geardes� eor an sce ta on elran men� �
mund-gripe m ran: he on m de wear� � � 755 forht on ferh e, n � � �� � r fram meahte;
hyge w s him hin-f s, wolde on heolster fle n,� � � s can de fla gedr g: ne w s his drohto � � � � � ��r, swylce he on ealder-dagum r gem tte.� �
Gemunde �� se g da m g Higel ces� � � 760 fen-spr ce, up-lang st d� � � �
and him f ste wi f ng. Fingras burston;� � � eoten w s t-weard, eorl fur ur st p.� � � � Mynte se m ra, � ��r he meahte sw ,� w dre gewindan and on weg anon� �
765 fle n on fen-hopu; wiste his fingra geweald� on grames gr pum. � ��t w s ge cor s� � ��,
��t se hearm-sca a t Heorute te h:� � � � dryht-sele dynede, Denum eallum wear ,� ceaster-b endum, c nra gehwylcum,� � 770 eorlum ealu-scerwen. Yrre w ron begen,� r��e r n-weardas. Reced hlynsode;� �� w s wundor micel, � ��t se w n-sele�
wi h fde hea o-de rum, � � � � ��t he on hrusan ne fe l,� f ger fold-bold; ac he � ��s f ste w s� �
775 innan and tan ren-bendum� �
searo- oncum besmi od. � � ��r fram sylle be g� � medu-benc monig m ne gefr ge,� �
golde geregnad, ��r �� graman wunnon; ��s ne w ndon r witan Scyldinga,� � 780 ��t hit mid gemete manna nig� � betl c and b n-f g t brecan meahte,� � � � listum t l can, nym e l ges f� � � � ��m swulge on swa ule. Sw g up st g� � � � niwe geneahhe; Nor -Denum st d� � 785 atel c egesa nra gehwylcum� � ��ra e of wealle w p geh rdon,� � � gryre-le�� galan godes andsacan,
sige-le sne sang, s r w nigean� � � helle h ftan. He ld hine t f ste� � � � 790 se e manna w s m gene strengest� � � on ��m d ge ysses l fes.� � �
XIII. BE WULF TEARS OFF GRENDEL'S ARM.� Nolde eorla hle nige inga� � �
one cwealm-cuman cwicne forl tan,� � ne his l f-dagas le da nigum� � � 795 nytte tealde. ��r genehost br gd� eorl Be wulfes ealde l fe,� �
wolde fre -drihtnes feorh ealgian� m res e dnes, � � � ��r hie meahton sw ;� hie ��t ne wiston, �� hie gewin drugon, 800 heard-hicgende hilde-mecgas,
and on healfa gehwone he wan � ��hton, s wle s can, � � ��t one syn-sca an� � nig ofer eor an renna cyst,� � � g��-billa n n gr tan nolde;� �
805 ac he sige-w pnum forsworen h fde,� � ecga gehwylcre. Scolde his aldor-ged l� on ��m d ge ysses l fes� � �
earml c wur an and se ellor-g st� � � on fe nda geweald feor s� ��ian. 810 �� ��t onfunde se e fela ror� � m des myr e manna cynne� �
fyrene gefremede (he w s f g wi god)� � � ��t him se l c-homa l stan nolde,� � ac hine se m dega m g Hygel ces� � � 815 h fde be honda; w s gehw� � ��er ��rum lifigende l��. L c-s r geb d� � �
atol gl ca, him on eaxle wear� � � syn-dolh sweotol, seonowe onsprungon burston b n-locan. Be wulfe wear� � � 820 g��-hr�� gyfe e; scolde Grendel onan� � feorh-se c fle n under fen-hleo u,� � � s cean wyn-le s w c; wiste � � � �� geornor, ��t his aldres w s ende gegongen,� d gera d g-r m. Denum eallum wear� � � � 825 fter am w l-r se willa gelumpen.� � � �
H fde � �� gef lsod, se e r feorran com,� � � snotor and sw��-ferh sele Hr� �� �g res, genered wi n� ��e. Niht-weorce gefeh, ellen-m r um; h fde E st-Denum� � � �
830 Ge t-mecga le d gilp gel sted,� � � swylce onc���e ealle geb tte,� inwid-sorge, e hie r drugon� � and for re -n dum olian scoldon,� � � � torn unlytel. ��t w s t cen sweotol,� � 835 sy��an hilde-de r hond legde,� �
earm and eaxle (��r w s eal geador� Grendles gr pe) under ge pne hr f.� � �
�� w s on morgen m ne gefr ge� � � ymb �� gif-healle g��-rinc monig: 840 f rdon folc-togan feorran and ne n� � geond w d-wegas wundor sce wian,� � l��es l stas. N his l f-ged l� � � � s rl c � � ��hte secga negum,�
��ra e t r-le ses trode sce wode,� � � � 845 h he w rig-m d on weg anon,� � � � n��a ofercumen, on nicera mere f ge and gefl med feorh-l stas b r.� � � � ��r w s on bl de brim weallende,� � atol ��a geswing eal gemenged 850 h tan heolfre, heoro-dre re we l;� � � de��-f ge de g, si� � ��an dre ma le s� � in fen-freo o feorh legde� �
h��ene s wle, � ��r him hel onf ng.� anon eft gewiton eald-ges� ��as, 855 swylce geong manig of gomen-w��e, fram mere m dge, mearum r dan,� �
beornas on blancum. ��r w s Be wulfes� � m r o m ned; monig oft gecw� � � ��,
��tte s�� ne nor be s m tweonum� � 860 ofer eormen-grund ��er n nig� under swegles begong s lra n re� � rond-h bbendra, r ces wyr ra.� � �
Ne hie h ru wine-drihten wiht ne l gon,� � gl dne Hr� �� �g r, ac ��t w s g d cyning.� � 865 Hw lum hea o-r fe hle pan l ton,� � � � �
on gefl t faran fealwe mearas,� ��r him fold-wegas f gere � ��hton, cystum c��e; hw lum cyninges egn,� � guma gilp-hl den gidda gemyndig,� 870 se e eal-fela eald-gesegena� worn gemunde, word ��er fand s��e gebunden: secg eft ongan s�� Be wulfes snyttrum styrian� and on sp d wrecan spel ger de,� � 875 wordum wrixlan, wel-hwylc gecw��, ��t he fram Sigemunde secgan h rde,� ellen-d dum, unc� ��es fela,
W lsinges gewin, w de s� � ��as,
��ra e gumena bearn gearwe ne wiston,� 880 f h e and fyrene, b ton Fitela mid hine,� � � onne he swylces hw t secgan wolde� �
e m his nefan, sw hie w ron� � � � t n� ��a gehw m n d-gesteallan:� � h fdon eal-fela eotena cynnes�
885 sweordum ges ged. Sigemunde gesprong� fter de� ��-d ge d m unl tel,� � �
sy��an w ges heard wyrm cwealde,� � hordes hyrde; he under h rne st n,� � ��elinges bearn, na gen� ��de
890 fr cne d de; ne w s him Fitela mid.� � �
Hw��re him ges lde, � ��t ��t swurd urhw d� � wr tl cne wyrm, � � ��t hit on wealle tst d,� � dryhtl c ren; draca mor re swealt.� � �
H fde agl ca elne gegongen,� � 895 ��t he be h-hordes br can m ste� � �