Inception…..
THE TRUST ROOP CHAND RAMJI LAL EDUCATIONAL TRUST HAS SET UP A NEW EDUCATIONAL CAMPUS, COMPRISING OF GOEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT AND GOEL INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY & SCIENCES, GOEL INSTITUTE OF HIGHER STUDIES & GOEL INSTITUTE OF HIGHER STUDIES MAHAVIDALYA. BRINGING TOGETHER THE CREATIVE ZEAL OF RURAL AND URBAN STUDENTS AND DEVELOP THEM TO BECOME SUCCESSFUL PROFESSIONALS THROUGH IMPARTING WORLD CLASS QUALITY EDUCATION. MOTIVATE THE STUDENTS TO REALIZE THEIR OWN POTENTIAL, ANALYTICAL AND ETHICAL CAPABILITIES USING UP-TO-DATE INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITY IN THE CAMPUS TO BECOME GLOBALLY COMPETITIVE ENGINEERS AND WORTHY CITIZEN OF THIS GREAT COUNTRY, INDIA.
ESTABLISHMENT OF GOEL GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS IS THE FIRST STEP TOWARDS OUR CONCERN TO SERVE THE SOCIETY BY IMPARTING MORAL VALUES AND KNOWLEDGE USEFUL FOR THE SOCIETY AND COUNTRY AT LARGE. IT IS OUR ENDEAVOR TO PROVIDE QUALITY EDUCATION TO YOUNG BOYS & GIRLS WHO ARE ASPIRING FOR BRIGHT FUTURE. I ASSURE THAT THE INSTITUTE WOULD FULFILL THE REQUIREMENT OF THE STUDENTS & MAKE THEM SUCCESSFUL PROFESSIONALS TO SERVE THE SOCIETY & COUNTRY AT LARGE.
Chairman Message…
The role of pharmacists has evolved from that of a provider of
medicines to that of a provider of care. Pharmacists have a vital role
in the outcome of pharmacological therapies and ultimately strive to
improve patients’ quality of life. I am honored and delighted to
welcome you to participate in the first National conference of the
theme “Pharmacists: Caring for you” at Goel Institute of Pharmacy
& Sciences, Lucknow as dated on 25 September 2016.
Ashok Kumar Agarwal
Mr. Ashok Kumar Agarwal Chairman
It’s a matter of great pleasure
that “Pharmacists: Caring for
you” is the theme of this year’s
World Pharmacists Day. This
year’s theme was chosen to
reflect the important role of
pharmacists in providing care to
the public, and also to highlight
the emotional connection they
have with their patients.
Vice Chairman Message…
I hope that this has created confidence amongst the Pharmacists for
the work done by the various Pharmacist associations fighting to
you the cause of Pharmacist.
I congratulate the organizer for the success of the
conference.
.
Mr. Murari Lal Goel Vice Chairman
I am please to here that Goel
Institute of Pharmacy & Sciences, a
part of Goel group of Institutions,
Lucknow is going to organize a
National
Conference
on
“Pharmacists: Caring for you”.
Pharmacists, being the first point of
contact for the society for their health
needs, can positively help in achieving
the mission of “Public Health”.
Managing Director Message...
The major focus of first National Conference is to create awareness
amongst the public, other healthcare providers and the authorities,
about the world Pharmacist day theme in specific, and about the
Pharmacy profession and the role of the pharmacist in general.
Pharmacies are contributing to the improvement of public health by
creating awareness about TB and its early detection, referring the
TB suspects and by providing Government’s free anti-TB medicines,
DOTS through the pharmacies. This could be a first step towards
improving the status of Pharmacists in public health care. There are
many more such milestones yet to be achieved. In years to come,
pharmacists will also be seen as an integral part of other National
Health Programme.
Er. Mahesh Goel Managing Director
I am very happy to
note that we are going to
organize a first National
Conference
entitled
theme on “Pharmacists:
Caring for you” by Goel
Institute of Pharmacy &
Sciences, Lucknow as
dated on 25 September
2016.
Director General, GIPS Message...
I hope the deliberation’s will create awareness of the
profession in the society and thus upgrade the status of the
Pharmacist.
I wish your endeavor a success to achieve the objectives and
goal.
Dr. Satyawan Singh Director General
I am happy to know that
Goel Institute of Pharmacy &
Sciences Lucknow is organizing
the first national conference on
“Pharmacists: Caring for you”
as dated on 25 Sept 2016 on
the
occasion
of
world
Pharmacist day.
This is the emerging area of Pharmaceutical science.Director, GIPS Message...
The message, I would like to convey to my dear students in that you
as future Pharmacist and Pharmaceutical Scientist are in a very
privileged profession, which give you a great opportunity to serve
the society by promoting good health, fulfill this goal to the best of
your ability and you would have lived your life well. I on behalf of
GIPS extend greeting and good wishes for the success of National
Conference on “Pharmacists: Caring for you” to be held on 25
Sept 2016.
I wish the first National Conference great
success to achieve its aim.
Dr. Neeraj Verma Director In-charge, GIPS
I am Happy to know that
GIPS is organizing first
National Conference. I am
sure that the conference
will
facilitate
overall
professional development
in the field of Pharmacy
and the students will
derive
significance
Director, GITM Message...
All over the world, on Sunday 25 September, pharmacists will
celebrate World Pharmacists Day. This special day, was established
by the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP), the global
federation of national associations of pharmacists and
pharmaceutical scientists, which is in official relations with the
World Health Organization. The purpose of World Pharmacists Day
is to encourage activities that promote and advocate for the role of
the pharmacist in improving health in every corner of the world. I
hope the conference will light up the minds of Pharma educators
and Pharmacy professionals to fulfill the current need of the
county. I wish GIPS all the best and grand success of the
conference.
Dr. A. K. Bhardwaj Director, GITM
Dear Pharmacist
I am pleased to know that Goel
Institute
of
Pharmacy
&
Sciences, Lucknow which is a
part
of
Goel
Group
of
Institutions is organizing a
National
Conference
on
“Pharmacists: Caring for you”
as dated on 25 Sept 2016 on the
occasion of world Pharmacist
day.
Principal, GIHS Message...
This conference will be beneficial to pharmacist, teachers &
Students which provide appropriate platform to meet each other to
discuss and exchange their knowledge.
I convey my best wishes at this occasion and wish the conference a
grand success.
Dr. Santosh Pandey Principal, GIHS
It gives me great pride to
welcome
you
at
the
National Conference on
“Pharmacists: Caring for
you” organized by GIPS
Lucknow on 25 Sept 2016
on the occasion of world
Pharmacist day.
Message from Director Admin, GGI
I am sure the seminar will address all the issues in this area
including deliberation and result in appropriate field. I wish to all
success to this visionary conference and congratulate the organizers
for such an important topic of current interest.
Mr. Arun Kumar Gakhar Admin Director, GITM
It is indeed a matter of great
pleasure and honor on the
occasion of world Pharmacist day
I
convey
my
heartiest
congratulations and best wishes
to GIPS for organizing one day
National
Conference
on
“Pharmacists: Caring for you”
Dean Message...
I am sure that the Conference will address the issues in
this area towards developing better course content which would
help the budding pharmacist to excel in their professional life.
I wish the program a grand success.
Dr. Arun Kumar Singh Dean, GGI
I am please to know
that
Goel
institute
of
Pharmacy
&
Sciences,
Lucknow is organizing one
day National Conference on
Pharmacists: Caring for
you” as dated on 25 Sept
2016 on the occasion of
world Pharmacist day.
Message from Proctor…
During this conference, the learned speakers will share their rich
experience and expertise on various issues of Pharmaceutical
science. I would like to thanks organizing committee for putting
their hard work and sincere efforts.
I wish all the delegates will appreciate the arrangements and enjoy
their participation.
Mr. Akash Ved Proctor GGI
It gives me immense
pleasure and priviledge to
welcome you at the first
National
Conference
on
Pharmacists: Caring for
you” at Goel Institute of
Pharmacy
&
Sciences,
Lucknow. This conference is
target to discuss effective
utilization
of
Pharma
Resources in the Healthcare
system of the nation.
ADVISORY COMMITTEE
Dr. R. K. Khar (D.G. BSIP, Faridabad, Haryana)
Dr. (Prof.) Shailendra K. Saraf (Director BBDNIIT, LKO, U.P.)
Dr. (Prof.) Ranjeet Singh (Director, ISF College of Pharmacy, Punjab) Dr. A.K.S. Rawat (Sr. Principal Scientist NBRI LKO, U.P.)
Dr. V.K. Khanna (Sr. Principal Scientist IITR LKO, U.P.) Dr. N.P. Yadav (Sr. Principal Scientist, CIMAP, LKO, U.P.) Dr. U. S. Sara (Director MCSCOP, LKO, U.P.)
Dr. Alok Mukherjee (Director, Allahabad, U.P.) Dr. P. K. Tripathi (Director, RIP, LKO, U.P.) Dr. Hemlata (Asso. Prof., BHU, Varanasi, U.P.) Dr. K.C. Rastogi Director HIPER, LKO, U.P.)
Dr. Rajeev Gupta (Dean, BBD University, LKO, U.P.) Dr S.K. Panda (Director SCOP, LKO, U.P.)
Dr. P.K. Shahu (Asso. Prof., SOA Uni. Orissa)
Dr. Swastika Ganguly (Prof., BIT Mesra, Ranchi Jharkhand)) Dr. P. Selvamani (Prof. Anna University, Chennai)
Dr. Anurag Mishra (Director, ACOP, Varanasi, U.P.) Dr. Imtiyaz (Director AIPR, LKO, U.P.)
Dr. Zeshan Husain (Director M.G. I.P. LKO, U.P.) Dr. Mahesh Prasad (Director KNIMT, Sultanpur, U.P.) Dr. S. K. Prajapati (Director BU, Jhansi, U.P.)
Dr. Krishna Mohan (Director, SCOP, Hyderabad, A.P.) Dr. M.K. Gupta (Asso. Prof, SKIP Jaipur, Rajasthan) Dr. Vishal Dubey (Asso. Prof. ACP Kanpur, U.P.) Dr. Vivek Tomar (Asso. Prof, IPS, Gwalior, M.P.) Dr. Vishal Jain (Asst. Pro, Pt.RSU., C.G.)
Dr. Sanjay K. Baburao (HRPIPER, Naka, MAHARASTRA) Dr. Mahendra Rana (Asso. Prof, Kumaun Uni. U.K.) Mr. Vipin Agarwal (Asso. Prof., Invertis Uni. Bareli) Mr. Dinesh Pal (Shreya Life Sciences, U.K.)
Mr. Devendra (Scientist Zydus Cadila, Gujarat) Mr. Dhananjay Pandey (Lupin, Indore, M.P.) Mr. Shashank Mishra (Naari Pharma, U.K.)
SCIENTIFIC
ABSTRACTS
DEVELOPMENT OF LIPID NANOPARTICLE IN DRUG
DELIVERY SYSTEM A NOVEL APPROACH: A REVIEW
Patel Dilip 1*, Kumar Vikas 1, MazumdarBhaskar 2
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, SHIATS, Allahabad, U.P., India 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
*Corresponding author E-Mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
It was in 1990 when the first experiments in the production of lipid nanoparticles were performed in academic labs. The lipid nanoparticles were developed in parallel by M. R. Gasco in Turin/Italy, and by R. H. Müller/Berlin and J. S. Lucks, both at this time in Kiel/North Germany. The particle matrix of these novel carriers consisted of a solid lipid, therefore, to clearly differentiate these particles from nanoemulsions and fluid liposomes, they were called solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN). This novel delivery system was then presented as alternative to nanoemulsions, liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles, and attracted attention by research groups all over the world. In 1999, the second generation of lipid nanoparticles was developed, the so called nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC). In these particles the matrix is composed not only of one solid lipid, but of a blend of a solid and a liquid lipid (e.g. oil). Advantages of NLC when compared to SLN are an increased loading capacity of actives. SLN and NLC are suited for the incorporation of lipophilic actives, whereas the loading with hydrophilic molecules is relatively low. This is because hydrophilic molecules can only be solubilised in the lipid matrix. To overcome this obstacle, in 2001 the so called lipid-drug-conjugates (LDC) were developed by Müller and Olbrich.
RECENT ADVANCES IN DOCKING AND SCORING
Singh Rohit, Mirza Beg Ahasan
Goel Institute of Pharmacy & Sciences, Lucknow (U.P.) Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
This review is focused on recent advances and new aspects in the field of molecular docking and scoring, and it covers multiple applications and case studies. Basic requirements and different algorithms for docking are briefly discussed. Moreover, parameters that influence docking results, combination of different docking algorithms and scoring functions, performance of scoring functions, docking using homology models, and ligand and protein flexibility are examined to give an overview of the state-of-the-art methods and a survey of innovative approaches in molecular docking and scoring. Regarding the enormous amount of literature in this field we restrict ourselves on an overview of several important advances in docking and scoring techniques published. The aim of a docking procedure is often the discovery of new lead candidates. The identification of an overall reliable and robust scoring function seems to be one of the main challenges to be addressed in the near future. Yet, the combination of scoring functions in a consensus score presents a well-established, however, questionable approach to overcome this problem. Nevertheless, novel algorithms will arise to find new solutions to the docking problem and overcome the limitations of recently developed scoring functions. Especially the issue of protein flexibility and induced-fit motions of the protein will gain in importance over the coming years in the design and discovery of novel lead candidates by means of protein-ligand docking and scoring.
NOVEL CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUE FOR NANO
PARTICULATE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: A REVIEW
Kesharwani Roohi 1*, Sachan Anupam 2, Patel Dilip 3
1 Chandra Shekhar Singh College of Pharmacy, Kaushambi, Allahabad, U.P., India 2
Dayanand Dinanath College, Institute of Pharmacy, Kanpur, India.
3 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, SHIATS, Allahabad, U.P., India
E-Mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Nanoparticulate drug delivery systems (DDS) have attracted a lot of attention because of their size-dependent properties. Among the array of nanoparticles being currently investigated by pharmaceutical scientists, lipid nanoparticles have taken the lead because of obvious advantages of higher degree of biocompatibility and versatility. Lipid nano formulations can be tailored to meet a wide range of product requirements dictated by disease condition, route of administration and considerations of cost, product stability, toxicity and efficacy. The proven safety and efficacy of lipid-based carriers make them attractive candidates for the formulation of pharmaceuticals, as well as vaccines, diagnostics and nutraceuticals. The need to fine-tune different nanoparticle properties to make them suitable for specific applications has sparked a large number of worldwide research efforts aimed at their tailoring. However, full use of these structures in these applications requires more detailed information and a feedback of data coming from reliable characterization techniques. In general, most of these techniques comprise local probes, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electronic microscopy (TEM), electron diffraction, scanning tunneling microscopy, and atomic force microscopy, with bulk-sensitive probes such as optical absorption spectroscopy, infrared (IR) spectroscopy (Fourier transform IR), and Raman scattering, and X-ray–based techniques such as X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption (X-ray absorption near edge structure and extended X-ray absorption fine structure) are used to characterize nanoparticulate system.
ROLE OF ATRIAL NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE (ANP) IN
CARDIOPROTECTION
Tiwari Arun Kumar 1*, Narayan, Yadav Harlokesh 2
1
Chandra Shekhar Singh College of Pharmacy, Pooramufti, Allahabad, (U.P.) India
2 All Indian Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, India
*Corresponding Author: [email protected] ABSTRACT
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a circulating hormone of cardiac origin that plays an important role in the regulation of intravascular blood volume and vascular tone. ANP mainly acts on natriuretic peptide receptor A (NPRA) and natriuretic peptide receptor C (NPRC) which are guanylyl cyclase-linked and uses cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) as the intracellular messenger. ANPANP is noted to regulate the pharmacologic action such as diuresis, natriuresis, and vasodilation and give antihypertrophic effect. ANP is a stimulator of particulate guanylate cyclase and has been found to protect against reoxygenated-induced hypercontracture in isolated cardiomyocytes by increasing cGMP synthesis. ANP exerts cardioprotective effect, possibly through the nitric oxide (NO) production. ANP activates the eNOS and subsequently increases the generation of NO. I/R injury after regional or global ischemia involves in damage to the cardiomyocytes, vascular smooth muscle, and endothelial cell and when administration of ANP at the time of reperfusion protects the myocardium from I/R injury. ANP perfusion shows cardioprotective effect in various pathological states by facilitating the release of NO and subsequently activation of eNOS with the involvement of ischemic preconditioning cardioprotective phenomenon. Keywords: Atrial natriuretic peptide, Nitric Oxide, Ischemic preconditioning.
SWINE FLU: HAVE WE FULLY EXPLORED THE HERBAL
OPTION?
Prakash Om*
Goel Institute of Pharmacy & Sciences, Lucknow (U.P.) Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Swine flu, caused by the H1N1 virus, is a fast spreading pandemic disease (as
declared by WHO) of the respiratory system. Earlier, swine flu was reported only in pigs (Sus domestica), but of late, a considerable number of cases all over the world has been reported in humans too. Though the most popular treatment adopted by those suffering from swine flu is allopathic medication mainly Tamiflu (Oseltamivir) by Roche and Relenza (Zanamivir) by Glaxo Smithkline. There are numerous drugs of herbal origin with proven antiviral potential like Ocimum, Ginger etc. with some of the marker compounds like Eugenol, luteolin, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, 6-gingerol and Glabridin etc. which can provide ‗leads‘ to prevent such fatalities. In earlier outbreak of Bird flu (Avian influenza) herbal drugs like Garlic, Black elderberry, Echinacea, Curcuma, Astragalus etc. attracted significant attention and prompted us to explore the herbal option for swine flu. Based on the ancient knowledge of traditional medicine that our country is having, Natural remedies for swine flu are equally justified treatment options, as they are readily available, economically viable and also free of harmful side effects that are generally caused by allopathic medicines. Various herbal aspects dealing with swine flu has been taken up in this work.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A
DENSITOMETRIC METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF L -
DOPA IN SEEDS OF MUCUNA PRURIENS AND ITS HERBAL
DOSAGE FORM
Behera Anindita*
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Campus – II, Kalinga Nagar, Bhubaneswar
ABSTRACT
A simple, sensitive, selective densitometric method was developed and validated for the determination of L - dopa in seeds of Mucuna pruriens and its herbal dosage form. Analysis of L - Dopa was carried out on TLC plates pre-coated with silica gel 60F254 as stationary phase. The mobile phase consisted of n-butanol – glacial acetic acid – water (5:1:4, v/v/v) at room temperature (25 ± 2º C). Camag TLC scanner III was used for densitometric scanning and analysis was done in absorption mode at 280nm. The system gave spot for L - Dopa (Rf value of 0.39 ± 0.04). The polynomial regression analysis data for the calibration plots showed correlation coefficient R2 = 0.999 in concentration range 100 – 1000 ng/ spot with respect to peak area. According to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines, the method was validated for precision, recovery, robustness and ruggedness. The limits of detection and quantification were determined. The statistical data analysis showed that the method is reproducible and selective for estimation of L - Dopa.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF KETOROLAC OCULAR
PH-TRIGGERED IN-SITU GEL
MIRZA BEG AHASAN*, KUGALUR GANESAN PARTHIBAN, RANGASAMY MANIVANNAN AND SENTHIL KUMAR
Department of Pharmaceutics, Goel Institute of Pharmacy and Sciences, Faizabad Road, Near Indira Canal, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh.
ABSTRACT
The present study was aimed to prepare and characterise pH triggered in situ gel based ophthalmic drug delivery system of non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), ketorolac. Polyacrylic acid (carbopol 940) was used as a gelling agent in combination with hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC- K15M, K4M) as a viscosity enhancer. Benzalkonium chlorides at suitable concentration were used as a preservative. The formulations were sterilized by moist heat sterilization as per I.P. The prepared formulations were evaluated for clarity, pH measurement, gelling capacity, drug content, and in vitro diffusion study. Under rheological investigation both solution and gel was found to be in pseudo plastic behaviour. The selected formulations showed sustained release over a period of 8hrs with increased resident time. Eye irritation test using the Draize test protocol with cross over studies were preformed on selected formulations. All studies shown favourable results thus in-situ gelling system is a valuable alternative to counter the precorneal loss a major drawback in the ophthalmic preparation.
PHARMACISTS: HEALTH CARE PROVIDER
Singh Arpita *
Goel Institute of Pharmacy & Sciences, Lucknow (U.P.) Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The profession of pharmacy has passed several rounds of advancements over the past few years, expanded in terms of professional services delivery now recognized as an integral profession in the multidisciplinary sector of health care. Pharmacists practice in a variety of health care zones and represents third-largest health profession to achieve intended goals. Pharmacists have the professional expertise to address key challenges facing the health care system, including the prevalence of people who have multiple chronic conditions and increase use of more complex medications to manage the diseases. Although they are most often associated with dispensing medications in retail pharmacies, their role is evolving to include providing direct care to patients as members of integrated health care provider teams. It has changed the traditional positioning of pharmacists as business people into patient-centered healthcare professionals. In contrast to the situation in developed countries, pharmacists in developing countries are still underutilized and their role as health care professionals is not deemed important by either the community or other health care providers, the lack of recognition is limited due to less interaction of pharmacists with the society. The main problem faced is the shortage of pharmacists in pharmacies. Moreover, their services are focused towards management more than towards customers. For these reasons, the pharmacist's role as a health care professional is not familiar to the public. It concludes that although the pharmacy profession is continuously evolving, the health care system has yet to recognize the pharmacist's role as a professional in the health care management system.
ELECTRO SPUN: NANOFIBROUS MATS, A MODERN
WOUND DRESSING MATRIX WITH A POTENTIAL OF
DRUG DELIVERY AND THERAPEUTICS
Kori Yash Pal *, VermaRaejesh2
1
Faculty of Pharmacy, Kamla Nehru Institute of Management & Technology, Sultanpur
2
Faculty of Pharmacy, Ashoka Institute of Technology & Management Varanasi
ABSTRACT
Nanofibers have emerged as advanced fibers with broad use and potential in biomedical fields in recent decades. The process of healing is an innate immune response towards a pathophysiology such as wound. Ordinary time taken for wound healing is approximately 2-3 days depending upon the chronic state. Air moisture and microbes risk pathological manifestations leading to delayed or incomplete palliate process. An external agent that can provide balanced moisture, increasing cell proliferation with microbial infiltration or anti- bacterial activity, aids to speed the healing process. Apart from these qualities, an ideal material should be simple, cost effective, and repeatable. Nanofibers produced through electro spinning have become a promising strategy in the treatment of wounds. Apart from being simple in application, they are produced from natural or synthetic polymers. Nanofibers exhibit high surface area, nanoporosity, with a potential to load potent drugs or enzymes. Other biomedical applications include use of nanofibers as tissue scaffolds and as masking agents in modern cosmetics. Therefore nanofibers are excellent candidates for wound treatment and management. The current review is an attempt to discuss and present literature about different techniques, chemical materials, and entities used to produce efficient electrospun nanofibers for use in pathological, medicinal, or treatment or management of injury or laceration.
Keywords: Drug delivery, Electro spinning, Matrix, Nanofibers, Polymer, Wound healing.
PHARMACEUTICAL NANOEMULSION AS POTENTIAL
VEHICLES FOR TRANSDERMAL DELIVERY OF DRUG
Singh Bhuwanesh Pratap
Goel Institute of Pharmacy & Sciences, Lucknow (U.P.)
ABSTRACT
An advanced mode of drug delivery system has been developed to overcome the major drawbacks associated with conventional drug delivery systems. This review gives a detailed idea about a nanoemulsion system. Topical and transdermal drug delivery systems are noninvasive and can be self-administered with the minimization of side-effects, have received increased attention during the past few years. Nanoemulsions, emulsions sized between 20-200 nm with narrow distributions, offer several advantages for topical and transdermal delivery of pharmaceutical agents including controlled droplet size, the ability to efficiently dissolve lipophilic drugs, enhanced skin permeation and extended release of lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs. The efficacy of the nanoemulsion is enhanced by the nature and type of surfactant and co-surfactant used. Thus in this article ability of the nanoemulsion as a transdermal and topical delivery system is reviewed. Keywords: Nanoemulsion, Transdernmal, Co-surfactant.
REVIEW ON TUBERCULOSIS
Singh Rajesh Kumar *
1SRMS College of Engineering and Technology(Department of Pharmacy) Bareilly, U.P
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease usually caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but can also affect other parts of the body. Most infections do not have symptoms, known as latent tuberculosis.The progression of the disease can have several outcomes, determined largely by the response of the host immune system. The efficacy of this response is affected by intrinsic factors such as the genetics of the immune system as well as extrinsic factors, e.g., insults to the immune system and the nutritional and physiological state of the host. About 10% of latent infections eventually progresses to active disease which, if left untreated, kills about half of those infected. The classic symptoms of active TB are a chronic with blood-tinged,sputum, fever, night sweats, and weight loss. This weight loss gave rise to the old term "consumption" for the disease. Infection of other organs can cause a wide range of symptoms, Worldwide, tuberculosis (TB) kills more young and middle-aged adults than any other infectious disease (WHO, 1999). Though it is curable and preventable, more than 5,000 people die of TB every day (2 to 3 million people per year) (WHO, 1999). To develop more rapid molecular tests for identifying drug-resistant strains of MTB; meanwhile, efforts to discover antibody or antigen targets to guide the development of point-of-care tests remain nascent and underfunded.The most common medications used to treat tuberculosis are Isoniazid, Rifampin, Ethambutol, and Pyrazinamide.
Keywords: Tuberculosis, Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Ethambutol, Immune System.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF SEPTIC ENCEPHALOPATHY –
A MYSTERY
Srivastava Shweta*
Goel Institute of Pharmacy & Sciences, Lucknow (U.P.).
ABSTRACT
Every year, more cases of sepsis appear in intensive care units. Despite many years of research, it is still not known at which stage of sepsis the first signs of Septic encephalopathy appears. Numerous studies indicate that changes in the brain involve free radicals, nitric oxide, increased synthesis of inflammatory factors, disturbances in cerebral circulation, microthromboses, and ischemia, which cause considerable neuronal destruction in different areas of the brain. The breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is considered a focal point in the development of sepsis-induced brain damage. It represents the severe end of symptoms like weakness, anorexia, malaise and concentration deficits that are commonly found in febrile patients. To date, we are far from fully understanding the neuropathology that develops as a secondary remote organ injury as a consequence of sepsis.
Keywords: Sepsis, Septic encephalopathy, Brain inflammation, Cognitive dysfunction, seizures, Cytokines.
THE EFFECT OF CARICA PAPAYA LEAVES ON
PLATELETS COUNT IN DENGU FEVER
Hassan Aziz 1, Singh Vishv Pratap, Chauhan Abhishek, Khan Raziuddin, Hussain Zeashan
Department of Pharmaceutics , Mahatma Gandhi Institute Of Pharmacy – Junabganj-227101, Lucknow - (U.P.)
ABSTRACT
Thrombocytopenia in dengue fever is a common and serious complication. However, no specific treatment is available for dengue fever induced thrombocytopenia. In few countries (India, Pakistan, Malaysia, Sri Lanka and other Asian countries) the leaf extract of Carica papaya has been effectively used for thrombocytopenia. So, the study is planned to access effect of Carica papaya leaf extract on platelet count in dengue fever patients.
The results showed that CPLE had significant increase in the platelet count over the therapy duration, in dengue fever patients, that it accelerates the increase in platelet count. There were few adverse events related to GI disturbance like nausea and vomiting. Thus this study concluded that Carica papaya leaf extract (CPLE) does significantly increase the platelet count in patients with thrombocytopenia associated with dengue with fewer side effects and good tolerability.
BIOSTATISTICS IN PHARMACY
Shukla Uma Shanker
Goel Institute of Pharmacy & Sciences, Lucknow (U.P.)
ABSTRACT
Biostatistics is the term used when tools of statistics are applied to the data that is derived from biological sciences such as medicine. Everything medicine be it research, diagnosis or treatment, depends on counting .In nature blood pressure, pulse rate, or any action of a drug or any other measurement varies not only from person to person but also from group to group. The extent of this variability is an attribute or a character, whether it by chance i.e. biological is learnt by studying biostatistics. Comparison of variable in two or more groups is a great importance in pharmacy. e. g. Rise in pulse rate noted after an injection of a drug may be by chance or due to the effect of drug. Variation more than natural limits may be pathological, i. e. abnormal due to the play of certain external factors. Hence, biostatistics may also be called a science of variation. Health and vital statistics are essential tools in pharmacy, public health, medical practice and community services. Recording of vital events in birth and death registers and diseases in hospitals is like book keeping of the community. Describing the incidence or prevalence of disease, defects or deaths in a defined population .Such events properly recorded from the eyes and ears of a public health or medical administrator, otherwise it would be like sailing a ship without compass.
Thus biostatistics in pharmacy related to the study of defect, injury, disease, efficiency of drug, serum and line of treatment, etc.
CLINICAL INVESTIGATION OF ALZHEIMER
’S DISEASE
AND ITS MULTIDISCIPLINARY TREATMENT
Verma Shailendra Kumar
Shri Ram Murti Smarak College of Engineering & Technology (Pharmacy), Bareilly (U.P) India ABSTRACT
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in elderly people worldwide. It is reported that the number of affected people is expected to double in the next 20 years, and 2 in 100 people will be affected by 2050. This chronic, degenerative, and terminal disease was first described by German psychiatrist Alois Alzheimer in 1906 and was named after him. AD represents one of the most common forms of neurodegenerative diseases, and is characterized by progressive dementia. The pathological feature of an AD brain includes the appearance of amyloid plaques, fibrillary tangles and the associated loss of neurons. Neurophysiological and neurochemical examinations reveal the failures of synaptic transmission (especially the cholinergic modulation), altered expression of transmitter receptors and changes in the excitatory/inhibitory balance of transmission. Alzheimer‘s disease (AD) is manifested by deterioration in memory and cognition, impairment in performing activities of daily living, and many behavioral and neuropsychiatric illnesses.
In 2000, India had 3.5 million patients with Alzheimer disease as against US, which had 4.5 million patients with Alzheimer disease. But with an increase in the geriatric population in India, number of AD patients is growing at a phenomenal rate. In 2010, the geriatric population was 10% of the whole population. By the year 2021, every seventh Indian will be a senior citizen.
A BRIEF REVIEW ON ACETYLCHOLINE
Verma Umesh, Gautam Yashvant, Tripathi Sandeep, Verma Neeraj Goel Institute of Pharmacy & Sciences, Faizabad Road, Lucknow.
ABSTRACT
The present study examined whether aged rats with naturally occurring cognitive deficits in spatial learning and memory would benefit from local chronic supplementation of acetylcholine. Aged impaired and aged unimpaired rats were pretested in the water maze to characterize the extent of age-induced cognitive impairment. Groups were matched for extent of deficits. The animals subsequently received implants of either acetylcholine-releasing cells or control cells into the cortical and hippocampal target regions of the basal forebrain. One week postgrafting, spatial learning and memory were retested using the same behavioral procedure. All aged groups acquired the platform position more slowly than young controls. However, aged impaired rats grafted with acetylcholine-releasing cells performed significantly better than aged impaired rats with control grafts, and they did not differ from aged unimpaired groups. A spatial memory probe test revealed that memory for the escape platform location of the acetylcholine-grafted rats was significantly better than that of rats with control grafts and matched the performance of young controls. In vitro, biochemical and electrophysiological analyses of the engineered cells confirmed choline acetyltransferase activity and showed quantal release of acetylcholine from the transduced cells. In vivo, RT-PCR of microdissected grafts indicated that the engineered cells expressed the choline acetyltransferase transgene for up to 40 days postgrafting.
ROLE OF PHARMACIST IN DRUG INTERACTION
Bhagwani Vaishali* Maheshwari Shubhrat
Mahatama Gandhi Institute of pharmacy, Junabganj - 227101 , Lucknow (U.P.) email id:[email protected]
ABSTRACT
Many drug interactions can be avoided or managed safely if adequate time and precautions are taken by a patient‘s pharmacist. Having the pharmacist provide patient counseling on the use of prescription and non-prescription medication, disease state(s), and the safely of concurrent use of herbals products plays a major role providing drug interactions. Preventing and/or managing drug interactions will be more likely to occur when the pharmacist take time and utilizes an adequate patient data base that includes the patient‘s gender vital signs medical diagnosis, drug allergies, relevant laboratory tests, and a complete listing of medications being taken routinely or taken on an as needed basis. If the pharmacist lacks essential patient data, he/she may contain it from the patient. In addition, with the patient‘s permission, the pharmacist may call the physician to get essential monitoring information, such as results lab tests or a complete list of medical diagnosis.
Keyword: Patient‘s pharmacist , patient counselling , drug interactions, medical diagnosis.
TDDS: MOLECULAR MODIFICATION OF VERAPAMIL TO
ENHANCE MEMBRANE PENETRATION
Rajvansh Roshani*, Kumar Saroj, Singh Satyawan, Verma Neeraj, Singh JP Goel Institute of Pharmacy & Sciences, Near Indira Canal
Faizabad Road, Lucknow, 226010 ABSTRACT
Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS), also well-known as ―patches,‖ are the dosage forms designed to deliver a therapeutically effective amount of drug across the skin. The quality attribute of the adhesives in TDDS is indispensible for fabrication design and important to the safety, efficacy and quality evaluation of the final product. The skin is the largest organ in the body; it protects against the influx of toxins and the efflux of water and is largely impermeable to the penetration of foreign molecules. Human skin consists of three main layers: the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis. Verapamil belongs to the group of calcium channel antagonists used in the management of essential hypertension, angina, arrhythmia and migraine also now a day. It is mostly used in a conventional tablet form from a minimal dose of 40 mg to a maximal dose of 180 mg. In a slow release tablet, the doses are between 120 and 240 mg. About 80% of the orally applied dose undergoes a first pass effect, mainly in the liver. Verapamil has a short half-life and requires frequent dosing. The permeability characteristics of verapamil show poor skin permeation properties in TDDS formulation of verapamil. So to overcome this problem for TDDS formulation of verapamil by mean of molecular modification of salt form of verpamil and convert into free base.
PROBIOTICS BASED APPROACHES HIV VACCINE
DEVELOPMENT
Singh Rahul Kumar *
SRMS College of Engineering and Technology (Department of Pharmacy)Bareilly U.P.
Email id: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
It‘s been 35 years since the first cases of AIDS were reported. Since then, we have witnessed tremendous advances in prevention,testing, and treatment.Although, biomedical interventions to reduce HIV-1 acquisition have favorably influenced the trajectory of HIV-1 infections in several populations throughout the worldwide, vaccine that prevents the virus from establishing infection and the need for a globallyeffective HIV-1 prophylactic vaccine is more compelling than everHIV enters through the mucosal surfaces by infecting the CD4+ T cells present at these tissue surfaces initially and enters into the gastro-intestinal (GI) tract where it replicates many folds before it disseminate into multiple systemic compartments.Finally, vaccines eliciting high titres of nAb, or high avidity nnAbs in mucosal tissue compartments are thus ideal for providing protective immunity against HIV-1.Recently, in a proof of concept study, a live probiotic organism, Lactococcus lactis (L. lactis), that transiently present in the human small intestine, have been successfully utilized to deliver HIV-1 Gag antigen. Finally, they demonstrated a critical role for the GAS pilus in the activation of a specific subset (CD103+ or CD11b+) of mucosal dendritic cells that may be important for the immunogenicity of Gag. These results demonstrated that oral administration of probiotic L. lactis expressing the antigen on the tip of the GAS pilus induces strong mucosal IgG and IgA antibody responses in the gut of mice. Their results reveal a promising novel immunization strategy to elicit strong humoral and cellular mucosal immunity against HIV.
SOLUBILITY ENHANCEMENT OF POORLY SOLUBLE
DRUGS BY COCRYSTAL APPROACHES
Saraswat Pranit *, Poonam SRMSCET, Pharmacy, Bareilly, U.P.
GHG Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Gurusar , Ludhiana,Punjab. ABSTRACT
Solubility, the phenomenon of dissolution of solute in solvent to give a homogenous system, is one of the important parameters to achieve desired concentration of drug in systemic circulation for desired pharmacological response. Low aqueous solubility is the major problem encountered with formulation development of new chemical entities. More than 40% NCEs (new chemical entities) developed in pharmaceutical industry are practically insoluble in water. Solubility is a major challenge for formulation scientist. Any drug to be absorbed must be present in the form of solution at the site of absorption. Various techniques are used for the enhancement of the solubility of poorly soluble drugs which include physical and chemical modifications of drug and other methods like particle size reduction, crystal engineering, salt formation, solid dispersion, use of surfactant, complexation, and so forth. Selection of solubility improving method depends on drug property, site of absorption, and required dosage form characteristics. In recent years cocrystal formation has emerged as a viable strategy towards improving the solubility and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. In this review the success of numerous pharmaceutical cocrystals for the improvement of the solubility and dissolution rates of poorly soluble drugs.
FORMULATION AND RELEASE BEHAVIORS OF MATRIX
TABLETS USING HYDROPHILIC AND HYDROPHOBIC
POLYMERS
Tiwari Ritesh Kumar
Department of pharmaceutics, Shri Ram Murti Smarak College of Engineering &Technology, Bareilly
ABSTRACT
An appropriately designated controlled release drug delivery system can be are major advance toward solving problems concerning targeting of a drug to a specific organ or a tissue and controlling the rate of a drug delivery to the target site. Matrix system are favored because of their simplicity, patient compliance etc, than traditional drug delivery, which have many drawbacks like repeated administration, fluctuation in blood concentration level etc. Most of drugs, if not formulated properly, may readily release the drug at a faster rate, and are likely to produce toxic concentration of the drug on oral administration. Matrix tablets may be formulated by wet granulation or direct compression methods by dispersing solid particles within a porous matrix formed of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers. The use of different classes of polymers in controlling the release of drugs has become the most important aspect in the formulation of matrix tablets. The granules were evaluated for angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, bulkiness, compressibility index and Hausners ratio. The tablets were subjected to weight variation, hardness, friability and drug content test. The drug release in matrix drug delivery systems by both dissolution-controlled as well as diffusion controlled mechanisms. Hydrophilic polymers have become product of choice as an important ingredient for formulating sustained release formulations.
Keywords: Wet granulation, Direct compression, extended-release, hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers, matrix tablets.
CURRENT MANAGEMENT OF DENGUE: A REVIEW
Gautam Pratibha, Mishra Anjani, Singh Mohit, Gautam Shyamdev, Verma Neeraj Goel institute of pharmacy and sciences, Lucknow
Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT
Dengue infection ranks highly among new and newly emerging arthropod-borne viral diseases affecting humans. It affects a large proportion of the population, mainly in tropical and sub-tropical countries, causing a high morbidity and mortality due to rising incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever. The rapidly expanding global footprint of dengue is a public health challenge with a high economic burden. Appropriate management of the burden of dengue is hindered by several issues, including lack of understanding of the exact path physiology of the disease, failure to control the vector population effectively, lack of specific treatment for the disease, and technical obstacles in developing a vaccine. This review provides an overview on the epidemiology, natural history and management strategies of adult dengue patients.
Knowledge on epidemic characteristics and Dengue Fever prevention (e.g., a brief introduction to the pubic regarding Dengue Fever/Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, channels of infection, clinical symptoms, etc. Secondary prevention to construct a system for monitoring the number of infections and a mechanism for responding to the epidemic promptly 6 and to stop indigenous cases of dengue fever to construct a mechanism for monitoring the number of infections When doctors and medical personnel in this country discover suspected cases, they should report within 24 hours.
ESSENTIAL NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENT FOR WOUND
HEALING AND RECOVERY: L-GLUTAMINE.
Maheshwari Shubhrat*; Mishra Devesh ; Bhagwani Vaishali; Khan Razziuddin Department of Pharmacology, Mahatama Gandhi Institute of pharmacy, Junabganj - 227101 ,
Lucknow (U.P.)
Email Id:[email protected]
ABSTRACT
The cells of connective tissue in the body use glutamine for protein& nucleic acid synthesis & also 30% of energy needs. These cells are called fibroblasts. Glutamine is required for their proliferation and is therefore critical in wound metabolism & healing. The effect of oral l-glutamine on wound healing in two groups of mice with superficial second- degree burns was evaluated. And it was concluded that a significant & positive effect of oral glutamine on burn wound healing was found. Further research in this way can be done to understand which stage of the healing process glutamine supplementation affected. Several researches have shown that glutamine helps maintain cell volume & hydration, speeding up wound & burn healing and recovery. It has the ability to ―repair a leaky gut‖ by maintaining the structural integrity of the bowels. In many hospitals glutamine powder is used for the treatment of burn & other trauma patients. In times of severe physical stress, it is very important for maintaining sufficient immune function& essential for wound healing, when the body is under severe physical stress, it may not be able to produce enough l-glutamine to meet the body‘s need. In these situations it is helpful supplementation. Also it makes a good clinical sense that if glutamine deficiency is observed over a short period of stress, then we should replete this vital amino acid to provide our patient with the best opportunity for survival & healing.
MEDICINAL PLANTS IN BIOPHARMACEUTICALS
Gautam Reena*, Kushwaha Rajesh Kr., Kumar Namrata, Kumar Hemant Department of biotechnology, Goel institute of management and technology faizabad road
Lucknow. ABSTRACT
The major application of biotechnology is regeration and genetic transformation for enhancement of novel secondary metabolites production in-vitro from medicinal plant. Cryopreservation is long-time conservation method in liquid nitrogen and provides an opportunity for conservation of endangered medicinal plants cell suspension cultures have been reported from various medicinal plants by using bioreactor.Genetic transformation and DNA profiling techniques like DNA microarrays serve as suitable tools for the simultaneous analysis of multiple genes and analysis of gene expression that becomes necessary for providing clues about regulatory mechanism, biochemical pathways and broader cellular functions in medicinal plant. For the production of medicinal compound like alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, saponins, phenolics, flavanoids and aminoacids we cultured the cells of medicinal plant and produce wide variety of pharmaceuticals products such as-(i)Taxol ( Plaxitaxol is a complex diterpene alkaloid .These compounds are extracted commercially from bark of the Taxus tree, is one of the most quantities of Catharanthus roseus and it is called plant promising anticancer agents. (ii)Morphine and Codeine (Latex from the opium poppy, Papaver
somniferum is a commercial source of the, analgesics, morphine and codeine).(iii)
Berberine(Berberine is an isoquino line alkaloid found in the roots of Coptis
japonica and cortex of Phellondendron amurense.), (iv) Vinblastine and
NANOPHARMACEUTICALS: THE PHARMA FUTURE IS
READY
Tiwari Salil*
Deparment of Pharmacy, Goel Institute of Pharmacy and Sciences, Faizabad Road, Near Indira Canal, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, 226028.
E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT
The world is coming to new era of multidisciplinary field of nanoscience which is full of enormous excitement and expectations. Nanopharmaceutics is an growing area where the sizes of the drug particle or delivery system work at the nano level. Nanomaterials (nano size materials) that bring unique shapes, functionalities and nanodevices show a strategic role in pharmaceutical nanotechnology. Nanopharmaceuticals provide nano scale properties and greater surface area, therefore used as a hopeful tool for drug and gene delivery advancement. Merging of nanotechnology with further technologies leads to emergence of innovative hybrid technologies. Furthermore, nanopharmaceuticals are resistant to settling and may possess superior saturation solubility, rapid dissolution and improved adhesion to biological surfaces. These features make them therapeutically effective and more bioavailable. The nanopharmaceuticals have broad scope that includes intelligent tools for drug delivery aspects, diagnostics purpose, smart material for tissue engineering aspects and many more. Existing claims of nanotechnology in pharmaceutical area are development of bioactive surfaces, advanced diagnostic, biomarker, biosensor, image enhancement device, implant technology, nanocarrier, nanomedicine, nanorobots, tissue engineering, etc. Nanopharmaceuticals are currently used in diverse applications including proteins and peptide delivery, drug delivery, cancer treatment, treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, etc. There are some drawbacks to this technology as well which require to be addressed to achieve the full benefits of nanotechnology for pharmaceuticals.
ANTI-HYPERGLYCAEMIC ACTIVITY OF EXTRACT OF
SWERTIA CHIRAYTA AND TRIGONELLA FOENUM
GREAECUM
Tomar Vivek
Department of Pharmacology,IPS-College of Pharmacy,Gwalior.(474001) ABSTRACT
The main aim of this research work was to emphasize the anti-hyperglycaemic activity of Swertia chirayta and Trigonella foenum graecum seeds. These two plants are widely used for the procurement of diabetes from the time immemorial. The present study was to evaluate the ethanolic extract of Trigonella foenum
graecum seeds and whole plant of Swertia chirayta for anti-hyperglycaemic
activity in normal and alloxan induced diabetic rats at the dose level of 250 mg/kg. The animals were safe up to 2000mg/kg confirmed by the acute and oral toxicity studies. Both the extracts showed a significant reduction in blood glucose concentration. On the other hand, combined suspension of extract of Trigonella
foenum graecum and Swertia chirayta showed minimum blood glucose level on
the seventh day.
Keywords: Trigonella foenum graecum, Swertia chirayta, Anti-hyperglycaemic activity, Blood glucose.
RISK OF PURCHASING MEDICINES FROM ONLINE
PHARMACIES
Kumar Saroj, Singh Satyawan Goel institute of Pharmacy & Sciences
Lucknow, U.P., INDIA. ABSTRACT
Consumers turn to the internet to save money on almost everything because online purchasing is normally convenient, provides various offers, but medicines are different to other consumer products that you may purchase through internet. So when it comes to purchasing medicine online, the convenience does not outweigh the risks. Medicines have the potential to cause serious side effects and health problems if not used and stored properly. Improper transportation poses other risks as well. Extended exposure to weather extremes can leave medicine ineffective.
According to the USFDA only 3 percent of online pharmacies in US are safe and legal. The World Health Organization reports that half of medicines sold online are counterfeit.
So patients who look to cut their health care costs by purchasing their medicine online may contact to local pharmacies because a pharmacist present over there may offer comparable prices and are more likely to substitute prescription with lower-cost generic drugs. Pharmacists are there to discuss your medications face to face. Your local pharmacist also monitors your medication patterns for dangerous drug interactions, and works with your primary health care provider to make sure that you obtain the medication that is right for you and your budget. Keywords: USFDA, Pharmacist, Online Pharmacy.
REVIEW ON MUDTHERAPY
Bhatt Priyanka*1, Mittal Aman2
1Shri Ram Murti Smarak Dept. of Pharmacy, Bareilly, U.P. India
2Smt. Tarawati Institute of Biomedical and Allied Sciences, Dept. Of Pharmacy, Roorkee, U.K
India
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Mud is one of the most often used natural materials for preventive, healing and cosmetic reasons. Mudpack therapy has a long history of use it consists of refined granular organics and inorganics that are rich in minerals. Its therapeutic effects are partially attributed to its thermal conductivity (transferring heat to the joints) & on the other hand, the organics contained in the mud are probably the type of factors that mediate the inflammatory response in the joints. When the mud comes into contact with the human body, organic substances can be produced during the metabolic processes of microorganisms. Sulfide glycolipids can be produced by colonized microorganisms, which may be the effective anti-inflammatory substances involved in the therapy. According to various studies the effect of mud extracts were examined and it was found that mud extracts inhibited the expression of VCAM-1 by endothelial cells and reduced monocyte adhesion to activated endothelial cells, indicating a potent anti-inflammatory activity. Furthermore, the mud extracts are also tested for their antimicrobial activity; which showed significant increase in the expression of genes involved in cell protection, longevity and hydration of human keratinocytes. Further various studies reveals that mud exerts important beneficial effects including anti-inflammatory and anti-aging activity as well as moisturizing effects, implicating important cosmeceutical applications.
POISONOUS PLANTS IN TRADITIONAL INDIAN SYSTEMS
OF MEDICINE: A REVIEW
Kumar Akhilesh*, Singh Rahul, Gautam Kumar Rahul, Kumar Amresh, Prakash Om, Singh J P, Ved Akash
Goel Institute of Pharmacy & Sciences, Lucknow Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
There are approximately 18-20 thousand plants present in India, that are used as food, medicine and fibers among these, few plant species are poisonous in nature often used for the mitigation of various diseases. The poisonous properties of plants are due to the presence of toxic secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, glycosides, flavanoids, saponins, amines, tannins, resins phenols and inorganic metals etc. Plants that are recognized globally by people have reliable and
effective medicinal values which are commonly used in treatment and prevention of specific ailments and diseases. The present study suggests that peoples are not
aware about such poisonous plants and their harmful effects, but judiciously they are also used for treatment and prevention of various diseases.
INTRODUCTION OF ZIKA VIRUS
Khan Razziuddin*, Verma Munna lal, Shukla Ankit, Trivedi Dhruva, Hussain Zeashan
Department of pharmacologyMahatma Gandhi Institute of Pharmacy Lucknow ABSTRACT
Zika virus is a member of the virus family flaviviridae and the genus flavivirus transmitted by daytime active Aedes mosquitoes, such as A. Aegypti and A. Albopictus. Zika virus is related to dengue, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, Arrhythmia Joint disorder. The symptoms of ZIKA Joint pain, fever rash muscle pain and headache. ZIKA fever in pregnant women can cause abnormal brain development in their fetuses by mother to child transmission. This may result in miscarriage a link has been established with neurological condition in infected adults, including Guillain-Barre syndrome .To describe the temporal and geographical distribution of ZIKA virus infection & associated neurological disorder from 1947-September 2016. The United Nation World Health Organization this week declared the Zika outbreak, which has been linked to a rash of birth defects in Brazil a global public health emergency and the hunt is on for ways due to check its spread and treat those who fall ill still possible Vaccines have to pass through the rigorous screening for safety and efficacy. In 2015 Brazil reported an association between Zika virus infection & microcephaly. In 8 February 2016 reports an increase Guillain-Barre syndrome beginning in 2015 10case of Guillain-Barre syndrome positive for Zika four Zika related deaths are reported over the preceding 2 weeks with symptom of diarrhea or vomiting. Keywords: Zika virus, guillain-barre syndrome, neurological disorder.
MATRIX TYPE OF TRANSDERMAL SYSTEM OF
SIMVASTATIN USING PERMEATION ENHANCERS
Umangi Somani*1
1SRMS College of Engineering and Technology, Dept. of Pharmacy, Bareilly,U.P.
Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT
Transdermal drug delivery is defined as self contained discrete dosage forms which, when applied to the intact skin, deliver the drug, through the skin at controlled rate to the systemic circulation. Simvastatin is a lipid lowering-agent and widely used to treat hypercholesterolemia and it is a potent inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate transdermal patches of simvastatin so as to prevent its first-pass metabolism and achieve controlled release. The prepared patches were evaluated for different physicochemical evaluations like thickness, weight variation, folding endurance, tensile strength, percent flatness, swelling index, suface pH, water vapour transmission etc. Surface pH of all the films exhibited uniformity in their values and they were found to be 6, indicates that no irritation will occur on the skin after applications of the patches. On the basis of in-vitro permeation and ex-vivo studies have done using Franz diffusion cell with dialysis membrane and goat skin respectively. The optimized batches were evaluated for permeation study by using permeation enhancers like 5% DMSO, 5%Oleic acid, 5% Eugenol and 5% Menthol. On the basis of in-vitro drug release and ex-vivo skin permeation study formulation F12D4 with menthol as permeation enhancer was found to be better than other formulation.The kinetic parameters among the formulations showed that all the formulations provided 1st order kinetics. Based on the observations, it is concluded that HPMC: Eudragit RL100 showed better release over other polymer ratio for the development of TDDS for simvastatin.
PHARMACIST IN INDIA: IS ONLY A DELIVERY BOY?
Yadav Shubhanshu*, Verma Anuradha, Chaudhary Manish, Vishwajit, Kumar Saroj, Ved Akash
Goel Institute of Pharmacy & Science,Lucknow, UP, India.
ABSTRACT
Today, pharmacist exists worldwide and plays an important role in healthcare system of any country as they take responsibility for all needs related with the medicine‘s as well as patient care However, in India only the supply of medicines remains the core activity of the pharmacist. Most pharmacists in the our country still hardly offer patient‐oriented service as provided by the community pharmacists in other parts of the world like in U.S., U.K, CHINA and JAPAN etc. As per Pharmacy Practice Regulations (PPR) 2015 various patient related services that can be provided by a pharmacist are:-
i. Interpretation, evaluation and implementation of medical orders
ii. Participation in drug and device selection, drug administration, drug regimen reviews and drug or drug related research.
iii. Patient counselling and the provision of those acts or services necessary to provide pharmaceutical care in all areas of patient care including primary care
iv. Optimizing the use of medication to promotes health, wellness and disease prevention.
v. Compounding and labelling of drugs and devices vi. Pharmaceutical care
In nutshell, India faces massive challenges in providing health care for its vast and growing population but by providing patient oriented services as per the rights given in PPR 2015, a pharmacist can serve the society in better way and will come out from the image of delivery boy.
STUDY OF GUILLAIN- BARRE SYNDROME AND ITS
TREATMENT
Gandhi Lavika*
Shri Ram Murti Smarak College of Engineering & Technology (Pharmacy), Bareilly (U.P) India ABSTRACT
Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) is an immune-mediated peripheral neuropathy characterized by rapidly progressive symmetrical ascending weakness and sensory loss. The disease can progress rapidly and be fatal if diagnosis and treatment interventions are delayed. In most patients, the neuropathic symptoms are preceded by an antecedent infection. The diagnosis relies heavily on the clinical impression obtained from the history and examination, although cerebrospinal fluid analysis and electrodiagnostic testing usually provide evidence supportive of the diagnosis. The disease is characterized by a rapid onset of symmetrical limb weakness, which progresses over days to 4 weeks, and occurs in patient of all ages. Most patients also have sensory disturbances (tingling or dull feelings).In the majority of cases, an infectious disease; mostly Campylobacter jejuni infection precedes the onset of limb weakness. Optimal general hospital care providing intensive care facilities is most essential. Treatments with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) or plasma exchange (PE) are shown to be effective with physiotherapy and rehabilitation are important. Immune responses against the triggering infectious agents are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of GBS by cross reaction with neural tissues.This abstract serves as an example for a wide range of doctors such as orthopedic surgeons, pediatricians, emergency room physicians or primary care physicians, because these are the first line doctors who treat patients with a painful hip.
Keywords: Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP), acute irritable hip.
