73
تاﺮﺛا ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ
زا يا هرﺎﭘ ،ﻲﻨﻤﻳا ﺮﺑ نﺎﻛﻮﻠﮔ
ﺺﺧﺎﺷ
ﻲﻧﻮﺧ يﺎﻫ
يﺎﺗﻮﻴﺑوﺮﻜﻴﻣ و
هدور
ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﭽﺑ يا
)
Rutilus frisii kutum
(
ﻲﺋﺎﭽﻓور ﻪﺑادور
*
) 1 (؛
ﻲﻨﻴﺴﺣ ﻦﻴﺴﺣ ﺪﻴﺳ
ﺮﻓ
) 2 (؛
ﻲﻧارﻮﺑ دﺎﻴﺻ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ
) 3 (؛
ﻦﻬﻛ ﻪﻳدﻮﺼﻘﻣ ﻦﺴﺣ
) 4 (؛
ﻲﻨﻴﻣز ﻲﻠﻌﺳﺎﺒﻋ
) 5 (و
ﺪﻴﺌﻓ هﺮﻴﻨﻣ
) 6 (R_rufchaie@yahoo.com 1 ، 3 ، 4 و 6 -،ﻲﻠﺧاد يﺎﻬﺑآ يروﺮﭘ يﺰﺑآ هﺪﻜﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﻲﺘﺴﭘ قوﺪﻨﺻ ،ﻲﻟﺰﻧا رﺪﻨﺑ : 66 2 -نﺎﮔﺮﮔ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ و يزروﺎﺸﻛ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،تﻼﻴﺷ هوﺮﮔ ﻲﺘﺴﭘ قوﺪﻨﺻ ، : 336 5 ،نﺎﺠﻴﻫﻻ ﺪﺣاو ﻲﻣﻼﺳا دازآ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﻲﺘﺴﭘ قوﺪﻨﺻ : 1616
ﺎﻳرد ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ
ﺖﻓ
:
دادﺮﻣ
1391
شﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ
:
نﺎﺑآ
1391
ﺪﻴﻜﭼ
ه
ﻦﻳا زا فﺪﻫ
ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ
ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﻲﺧﺮﺑ ﺮﺑ نﺎﻛﻮﻠﮔ تاﺮﺛا ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ
ﺪﻴﻔـﺳ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﭽﺑ ﻲﻨﻤﻳا و ﻲﻧﻮﺧ يﺎﻫ
Rutilus frisii kutum
دﻮـﺑ
.
زا
هدﺎﻣ
Hopliteﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ نﺎﻛﻮﻠﮔ هﺮﺛﻮﻣ هدﺎﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻨﻤﻳا كﺮﺤﻣ ناﻮﻨﻌﺑ
يﺎﻫ
0
،
5
/
0
،
1
،
5
/
1
،
2
رد
هﺪـﺷ ﻪـﻴﻬﺗ ﻪـﻳﺎﭘ هﺮـﻴﺟ ﻪﺑ ﺪﺻ
ﺪﺷ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ياﺮﺑ
.
25
دﺪﻋ
ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﭽﺑ
)
±رﺎﻴﻌﻣ فاﺮﺤﻧا
(
ﻲـﻧزو
)
06
/
0
±15
/
1
(
ﻚـﻧﺎﺗ ﻪـﺑ مﺮـﮔ
يﺎـﻫ
100
يﺮﻴﮕﺑآ ﻢﺠﺣ ﺎﺑ يﺮﺘﻴﻟ
80
ﺮﺘﻴﻟ
دراو
ﺪﻧﺪﻳدﺮﮔ
.
ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ هرود لﻮﻃ
60
و دﻮﺑ زور
ﺖﺴﻳز
ﻲﺠﻨﺳ
ﺮﻫ
15
رﺎﺒﻜﻳ زور
مﺎﺠﻧا
ﻲﻣ
ﺪﺷ
.
هرود يﺎﻬﺘﻧا رد
ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﭽﺑ زا
ﺎﻫ
ﺺﺧﺎﺷ و ﺪﻣآ ﻞﻤﻌﺑ يﺮﻴﮕﻧﻮﺧ
،ﻲﻧﻮﺧ يﺎﻫ
لﻮﺒﻠﮔ داﺪﻌﺗ
لﻮـﺒﻠﮔ داﺪـﻌﺗ ،ﺰﻣﺮﻗ يﺎﻫ
و ﺪﻴﻔـﺳ يﺎـﻫ
ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ،ﻦﻴﺑﻮﻠﮔﻮﻤﻫ ناﺰﻴﻣ و ﺖﻳﺮﻛﻮﺗﺎﻤﻫ ﺪﺻرد ،نآ عاﻮﻧا
ﻲـﻨﻤﻳا يﺎـﻫ
)
و ﻦﻴﻟﻮـﺑﻮﻠﮔﻮﻧﻮﻤﻳا
ﻟ
ﻢﻳزوﺰـﻴ
(
ﺪـﺷ ﻲـﺳرﺮﺑ
.
ﻲـﺳرﺮﺑ
رﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓ
ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﭽﺑ ﻪﻛ دﻮﺑ نآ زا ﻲﻛﺎﺣ ﻲﻧﻮﺧ يﺎﻫ
رﺎﻤﻴﺗ يﺎﻫ
5
/
1
ﺻرد
ناﺰﻴﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺪ
ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد ار ﻞﻴﻓﻮﻨﻳزﻮﺋا و ﻦﻴﺑﻮﻠﮔ ﻮﻧﻮﻤﻳا
ﻲﻨﻌﻣ فﻼﺘﺧ ﻦﻳا يرﺎﻣآ ﺮﻈﻧ زا ﻪﭼﺮﮔا
دﻮـﺒﻧ راد
.
ﻲﻟﻮـﺒﻠﮔ ﻞـﺧاد ﻦﻴﺑﻮـﻠﮔﻮﻤﻫ ﺖـﻈﻠﻏ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎـﻴﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘـﺸﻴﺑ
)
MCHC(
ﺪـﺻرد ،
رد ﻦﻴﺑﻮﻠﮔﻮﻤﻫ ناﺰﻴﻣ و ﺖﻳﺮﻛﻮﺗﺎﻤﻫ
رﺎﻤﻴﺗ
يﺎﻫ
5
/
0
و
1
ﻲﻟﻮـﺒﻠﮔ ﻂـﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﻢـﺠﺣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ و ﺪﺻرد
)
MCV(
داﺪـﻌﺗ و
رﺎﻤﻴﺗ رد ﺰﻣﺮﻗ لﻮﺒﻠﮔ
5
/
0
ﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ ﺪﺻرد
.
رﺎـﻤﻴﺗ رد ﺰـﻴﻧ ﺖﻴـﺳﻮﻧﻮﻣ و ﻞـﻴﻓوﺮﺗﻮﻧ ،ﺪﻴﻔـﺳ لﻮﺒﻠﮔ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ
2
رﺎﻤﻴﺗ رد ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺘﺑ ﻢﻳزوﺰﻴﻟ ناﺰﻴﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛ و ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ و ﺪﺻرد
1
و
ﺮﻔﺻ
ﺪـﺷ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﺪﺻرد
.
يﺮﺘﻛﺎـﺑ ﻞـﻛ داﺪـﻌﺗ ﻢﻛاﺮـﺗ
و ﺎـﻫ
سﻮﻠﻴﺳﺎﺑ ﻮﺘﻛﻻ
ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﻫ
ﻤﻴﺗ رد يراد
رﺎ
5
/
0
ﺪﺻرد
ﺖﺷاد
.
ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
ﺪﻧداد نﺎﺸﻧ
ﻲﻳاﺬﻏ ﻞﻤﻜﻣ
هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
هﺪﺷ
ﻲـﻨﻤﻳا كﺮﺤﻣ
ﺮﻴﻏ
ﻲﺻﺎﺼﺘﺧا
ﻳاﺮﺑ ﻲﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ
ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﭽﺒ
ﺖﺳا
.
تﺎﻐﻟ يﺪﻴﻠﻛ : ﻲﻧﻮﺧ يﺎﻫرﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓ ، ﻮﻟﻮﻳﺰﻴﻓ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻲ ، ناﺮﻳا ،ﻪﻳﺬﻐﺗ
* لﻮﺌﺴﻣ هﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ
74
ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ
يﺰﺑآ ﺖﻌﻨﺻ رد هزوﺮﻣا يروﺮﭘ ياﺮﺑ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا و ﺖﻣﻼﺳ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ رد نﺎﻳﺰﺑآ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ يرﺎﻤﻴ ﻞﻤﻜﻣ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﻫ يﺎﻫ ﻏ ﻲﻳاﺬ ﺖﺳا هﺪﻳدﺮﮔ لواﺪﺘﻣ ﻲﻨﻤﻳا و ﺪﺷر يﺎﻘﺗرا ﺖﻬﺟ )
Gatlin & Li,
2004 .( ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا هداد نﺎﺸﻧ هﺪﻣآ ﻞﻤﻌﺑ يﺎﻫ ﻢﻀﻫ ﻞﺑﺎﻗﺮﻴﻏ يﺎﻫﺪﻳرﺎﻛﺎﺳﻮﮕﻴﻟا ) يﺮﭘ ﻚﻴﺗﻮﻴﺑ ﺎﻫ ( ءﺎﻘﺗرا رد دراد ﻲﻳاﺰﺴﺑ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻲﻨﻤﻳا ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ )
Schley & Field,
2002 ( . ﻞﻤﻜﻣ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻲﻳاﺬﻏ يﺎﻫ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻚﻴﺗﻮﻴﺑ يﺮﭘ و وﺮﭘ ﺎﻫ ﻚﻴﺗﻮﻴﺑ ﻲﺘﻧآ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻪﺑ زﺎﻴﻧ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺮﺑ هوﻼﻋ يﺰﺑآ رد ﺎﻫ يروﺮﭘ ناﻮﻨﻌﺑ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ حﺮﻄﻣ ﻲﻨﻤﻳا و ﺪﺷر كﺮﺤﻣ ) Merrifield et al., 2010 .( نﺎﻛﻮﻠﮔ ﺎﻫ ) ود ﻪﺑ ﺎﻔﻟآ و ﺎﺘﺑ ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷ ﻞﻜﺷ (، ﻮﮕﻴﻟا ﻮﻜﻴﻠﮔ ﺒﺳ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻲﻳﺎﻫﺪﻳرﺎﻛﺎﺳ يﺮﺘﻛﺎﺑ ﺪﺷر ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺐ ﺪﻴﺳا يﺎﻫ ﻲﻣ نﺎﺑﺰﻴﻣ ﻲﻨﻤﻳا و ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺖﻴﻌﺿو دﻮﺒﻬﺑ و ﻚﻴﺘﻛﻻ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ) Gibson et al., 2004 ( . ﻲﺑﺎﺴﺘﻛا و ﻲﺗاذ ﻲﻨﻤﻳا نﺪﺷ لﺎﻌﻓ رد ﻲﻤﻬﻣ ﺶﻘﻧ نﺎﻛﻮﻠﮔ ﺎﺘﺑ دراد نﺎﻳﺰﺑآ . ﺑ ار ﻲﺗاذ ﻲﻨﻤﻳا نﺎﻛﻮﻠﮔ ﻪ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻲﻣ ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ يا ﻛ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨ وﺮﻜﻴﻣ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻊﻧﺎﻣ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ﻪﻧ ﻢﺴﻴﻧﺎﮔرا ﻣ يﺎﻫ ﺪـﻧور ﻪـﻜﻠﺑ هﺪـﺷ ﺮـﻀ ﻲـﻣ دﻮـﺒﻬﺑ ار ﻲـﻨﻤﻳا ﻢﺘـﺴﻴﺳ دﺮـﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺪـﺸﺨﺑ ) Sakai, 1999 .( هﺪـﻧﺮﻴﮔ ﻪﺑ ﻢﻴﻘﺘﺴﻣ لﺎﺼﺗا ﺎﺑ نﺎﻛﻮﻠﮔﺎﺘﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻲـﻨﻴﺌﺗوﺮﭘ يﺎـﻫ ﺮﺑ دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ژﺎﻓوﺮﻛﺎﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ لﻮﻠـﺳ ﺮﻳﺎـﺳ و ﺎﻫ ﻪـﻠﻤﺟ زا ﻲﻧﻮـﺧ يﺎـﻫ ﻞﻴﻓوﺮﺗﻮﻧ ﻢﺘـﺴﻴﺳ ﺖـﻳﻮﻘﺗ و ﻆـﻔﺣ ﺐﺒـﺳ ﺎـﻬﻧآ ندﺮـﻛ لﺎﻌﻓ و ﺎﻫ ﻲﻣ ﻲﻨﻤﻳا ددﺮﮔ ) Herre et al., 2004 (. و نﺎـﺴﻧا ﻲـﻨﻤﻳا ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا يور نﺎﻛﻮﻠﮔ تاﺮﺛا نﺪﺷ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ زا ﺲﭘ ﻲﻧاراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺴﭘ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﺪﻨﻔﺳﻮﮔ ،شﻮﮔﺮﺧ ،كﻮﺧ ،شﻮﻣ و وﺎﮔ DiLuzio) ;1985) ;Nakagawa et al., 2003 Soltanian et al., 2009 ( رد ، ﻟﺎﺳ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﺮﺑ نﺎﻛﻮﻠﮔ ﺎﺘﺑ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻪﻨﻴﻣز رد ﻲﺗﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺮﻴﺧا يﺎﻬ هﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺎﻫ ﺖﺳا ) Meena et al., 2012 .( تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ نﺎﺸﻧ يﺪﻨﻫد ﺪـﺷر ﺶﻳاﺰـﻓا ﺮﺑ نﺎﻛﻮﻠﮔ ﺎﺘﺑ ﺮﺛا ﻲﻫﺎﻣ Pink snapper يﺪـﻨﻫ ﻲﻫﺎـﻣ رﻮـﭙﻛ و ) Labeo rohita ( ) (Cook et al. 2003; Misra et al., 2006b ، و ﺎــﻘﺑ ﺪــﺻرد ﻲﻫﺎﮔور ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﺑﺮﮔ يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ رد ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ) (Ictalurus punctatus و ﻲﻫﺎــﻣ لﺰــﻗ ر يﻻآ نﺎــﻤﻛ ﻦﻴــﮕﻧ ) Oncorhynchus mykiss (
(Welker e t al., 2007 ;Sealey et al., 2007) . ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﺶﻳاﺰـﻓا ژﺎﻓوﺮﻛﺎﻣ و زﺎﻨﻴﻛﻮﺘﻴﺳ ﺎﻫ رد ﻲﻫﺎﻣ لﺰﻗ نﺎﻤﻛ ﻦﻴﮕﻧر يﻻآ ﻲﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . رﺎــﻛ نﺎــﻛﻮﻠﮔ ﻦﻴــﻨﭽﻤﻫ آ ﺮﻳﺎــﺳ ﺎــﺑ ﻪــﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ رد يﺮﺘــﺸﻴﺑ ﻲﻳ ﻦﻴﻣﺎـﺘﻳو و لوﺰﻴﻣاﻮﻟ ،ﻦﻳﺮﻓﻮﺘﻛﻻ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا ﻲﻨﻤﻳا يﺎﻬﻛﺮﺤﻣ C ﺮـﺑ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻲﻨﻤﻳا ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا دراد ﻲﻫﺎـﻣ ﻪـﺑﺮﮔ ﻲﻟﻮﻠـﺳ و ﻲﻧﻮـﺧ ﻲـﺻﺎﺼﺘﺧا ) Kumari & Sahoo, 2006 .( يﺮـﭘ تاﺮـﺛا زﻮـﻨﻫ دﻮـﺟو ﻦﻳا ﺎﺑ ﻚﻴﺗﻮﻴﺑ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ زا يرﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ ﺺﺧﺎـﺷ و ﻲﻜﻳژﻮـﻟﻮﻳﺰﻴﻓ يﺎـﻫ يﺎـﻫ هدور يﺎﺗﻮﻴﺑوﺮﻜﻴﻣ و ﻲﻨﻤﻳا ،ﻲﻧﻮﺧ و ﺖﺳا هﺪﺸﻧ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ يا ﺖﺳا يﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ مﺰﻠﺘﺴﻣ ) ﻲﻨﻴـﺴﺣ ـﻜﻤﻫ و ﺮـﻓ نارﺎ 1390 ؛
Burr & Gatlin, 2005 .( ﻦﻳا زا فﺪﻫ ،ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺮـﺑ نﺎـﻛﻮﻠﮔ يﺮﻴﮔرﺎـﻜﺑ تاﺮـﺛا ﻲﺑﺎـﻳزرا ﺺﺧﺎﺷ دﻮﺑ ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﭽﺑ ﻲﻨﻤﻳا ﺦﺳﺎﭘ و ﻲﻧﻮﺧ يﺎﻫ .
شور و داﻮﻣ
رﺎﻛ
ﻦﻳا ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﺎﻤﺷ هﺪﻧز ياﺬﻏ و ﻪﻳﺬﻐﺗ هﺎﮕﺘﺴﻳا رد ﻊﻗاو رﻮﺸﻛ ل رﺪﻨﺑ نﺎﻳزﺎﻏ ﻞﺣﺎﺳ رد ﺪـﺷ مﺎـﺠﻧا ﻲﻟﺰﻧا . ﺪﻴﻔـﺳ نﺎـﻴﻫﺎﻣ ﻪـﭽﺑ ﺎـﺑ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ) ± رﺎـﻴﻌﻣ فاﺮـﺤﻧا ( ﻲـﻧزو ) 06 / 0 ± 15 / 1 مﺮـﮔ ( زا ﺲـﭘ تﺪـﻣ ﻪـﺑ ﻦﻴﻣﺄﺗ 3 يرﺎﮔزﺎـﺳ ﺖـﻬﺟ هﺎﮕﺘـﺴﻳا ﻂﻳاﺮـﺷ رد ﻪـﺘﻔﻫ ﻢﻛاﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺲﭙﺳ و ﺪﻧﺪﺷ يراﺪﻬﮕﻧ 3 / 0 رد ﺮـﺘﻴﻟ رد مﺮﮔ 15 ﻚـﻧﺎﺗ سﻼﮔﺮﺒﻳﺎــﻓ 100 يﺮــﺘﻴﻟ ) يﺮــﻴﮕﺑآ ﻢــﺠﺣ ﺎــﺑ 80 ﺮــﺘﻴﻟ ( ﻊــﻳزﻮﺗ ﺪﻧﺪﻳدﺮﮔ . ﺎـﺑ ﻲﻓدﺎـﺼﺗ ًﻼﻣﺎـﻛ حﺮﻃ ﻚﻳ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﻦﻳا ﻚـﻳ و لﺮﺘﻨﻛ هوﺮﮔ 4 يرﺎـﻤﻴﺗ هوﺮـﮔ 5 / 0 ، 1 ، 5 / 1 و 2 كﺮـﺤﻣ ﺪـﺻرد يرﺎﺠﺗ ﻲﻨﻤﻳا و ﺪﺷر Hoplite نﺎـﻛﻮﻠﮔ هﺮﺛﻮﻣ هدﺎﻣ ﺎﺑ ) ﺎـﺘﺑ و ﺎـﻔﻟآ ،نﺎﻛﻮﻠﮔ 1 / 34 ﺪﺻرد ( ﺪـﺷ مﺎـﺠﻧا راﺮﻜﺗ ﻪﺳ ﺎﺑ . ﻲﻫﺎـﻣ ﻪـﭽﺑ يﺎـﻫ تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻴﻔﺳ 60 هﺮﻴﺟ ﺎﺑ زور اﺬﻏ ﻲﺸﻳﺎﻣزآ يﺎﻫ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻲﻫد . ياﺮﺑ ﻪﻳﺎﭘ هﺮﻴﺟ ﺖﺧﺎﺳ ) لوﺪﺟ 1 ( اﺪﺘﺑا ﺪﻨﺘـﺷاد ﻚﻟا ﻪﺑ زﺎﻴﻧ ﻪﻛ يداﻮﻣ و سورﺎـﻣﺎﮔ ردﻮﭘ ،مﺪﻨﮔ درآ ،ترذ درآ ،ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ردﻮﭘ ،ﺎﻳﻮﺳ درآ ﻞﺜﻣ ﺪﺻرد ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ و ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻚﻟا ﺲﭙﺳ و بﺎﻴﺳآ ًادﺪﺠﻣ فﺪﺻ ردﻮﭘ هدﺎﻣ رد زﺎﻴﻧ درﻮﻣ ي 1 نزو ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻦﻏور ﺰﺠﺑ داﻮﻣ ﻲﻣﺎﻤﺗ مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ . ﻢﻛ ﺲﭙﺳ ناﺰـﻴﻣ ﻪـﺑ ﻢـﻛ 20 زا ﺪـﻌﺑ و ﻪﻓﺎـﺿا بآ ﺪـﺻرد ﻮﻠﺨﻣ ﻪﻤـﺸﭼ زا ًﺎـﺘﻳﺎﻬﻧ و هﺪـﺷ ﻚـﺸﺧ ﻪﻳﺎـﺳ رد نﺪـﺷ ط 120 ﺪﺷ هداد رﻮﺒﻋ نوﺮﻜﻴﻣ . ردﻮﭘ رد ﻞﻣﺎﻛ نﺪﺷ ﻚﺸﺧ زا ﺲﭘ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﺣ لﺎﭽﺨﻳ 4 ﻪﺟرد داﺮﮕﻴﺘﻧﺎﺳ و يراﺪﻬﮕﻧ زﺎﻴﻧ درﻮﻣ راﺪﻘﻣ ﻪﺑ زور ﺮﻫ هﺮﻴﺟ زا ﺮﺑ و ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ سﺎﺳا 3 ﺎﺗ 5 د هﺪﻧز هدﻮﺗ نزو ﺪﺻر رد 3 اﺬﻏ ﺖﺑﻮﻧ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻲﻫد . ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ) ± ﺤﻧا رﺎـﻴﻌﻣ فاﺮ ( و لﻮـﻠﺤﻣ نﮋﻴـﺴﻛا ،ﺎـﻣد pH رد ﺐــﻴﺗﺮﺘﺑ شروﺮــﭘ هرود لﻮــﻃ 01 / 0 ± 9 / 23 ،داﺮﮕﻴﺘﻧﺎــﺳ ﻪــﺟرد 1 / 0 ± 85 / 6 ﻲﻠﻴﻣ و ﺮﺘﻴﻟ رد مﺮﮔ 2 / 0 ± 5 / 7 دﻮﺑ . ﻪﺑ هرود يﺎﻬﺘﻧا رد ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﺑ ﻲﻧﻮﺧ يﺎﻫ ﻲﻓدﺎـﺼﺗ ترﻮـﺼ زا يﺮﻴﮕﻧﻮـﺧ 12 ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﺑ ﻪ ﺪـﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻲﻣد ﻪﻗﺎﺳ ﻊﻄﻗ شور ) Cataldi et al., 1999 (.
75 ﻪﺑ نﻮﺧ راﺪﻘﻣ ﻦﻳا 2 ﻪﺘﺳد ﻦﻳرﺎـﭙﻫ يوﺎـﺣ فروﺪـﻨﭘا ﺪـﻗﺎﻓ و ﻦﻳرﺎــﭙﻫ ﻚــﻳ ، ﻪﺘــﺳد ﻲﻳﺎــﻫرﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓ ﺶﺠﻨــﺳ ياﺮــﺑ ﺪــﻨﻧﺎﻣ داﺪــﻌﺗ لﻮﺒﻠﮔ ﻦﻴﺑﻮﻠﮔﻮﻤﻫ ،ﺖﻳﺮﻛﻮﺗﺎﻤﻫ ،ﺪﻴﻔﺳ و ﺰﻣﺮﻗ يﺎﻫ ﺮـﮕﻳد ﻪﺘـﺳد و ياﺮﺑ ﻦﻳرﺎﭙﻫ نوﺪﺑ يزﺎﺳاﺪﺟ ﺖـﻬﺟ مﺮـﺳ ﻞـﻛ ناﺰـﻴﻣ ﺶﺠﻨـﺳ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺑﻮﻠﮔﻮﻧﻮﻤﻳا ﺎﻫ و ﻢﻳزوﺰﻴﻟ ﺖـﻓﺎﻳ لﺎـﻘﺘﻧا مﺮﺳ . ﺟ ياﺮـﺑ يزﺎـﺳاﺪ لﻮﻠــﺳ زا مﺮــﺳ ژﻮﻔﻳﺮﺘﻧﺎــﺳ زا ﻲﻧﻮــﺧ يﺎــﻫ ) لﺪــﻣ RLEC-131 ( تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻴﻟﺎﺘﻳا ﺖﻛﺮﺷ ﺖﺧﺎﺳ 5 ﺎـﺑ ﻪـﻘﻴﻗد 3000 ﻪـﻘﻴﻗد رد رود ﺘﺳا ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ هدﺎﻔ . لﺎﻳو رد هﺪﺷ اﺪﺟ مﺮﺳ نﺎـﻣز ﺎـﺗ و هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺨﻳر ﺎﻫ رﺰﻳﺮﻓ رد ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ 20 ﻪﺟرد داﺮﮕﻴﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ يراﺪﻬﮕﻧ . لوﺪﺟ 1 : ﻪﻳﺎﭘ ﻲﻳاﺬﻏ هﺮﻴﺟ ﺰﻴﻟﺎﻧآ و ءاﺰﺟا ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﭽﺑ هﺪﻧزﺎﺳ اﺰﺟا اﺰﺟا ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ) ﺪﺻرد ( بﻮﻨﺟ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ردﻮﭘ 42 سورﺎﻣﺎﮔ ردﻮﭘ Pontogammarus maeoticus 2 ﺎﻳﻮﺳ ردﻮﭘ 30 مﺪﻨﮔ ردﻮﭘ 5 ترذ ردﻮﭘ 5 ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻦﻏور 9 ﻦﻴﻣﺎﺘﻳو 1 4 ﻲﻧﺪﻌﻣ داﻮﻣ 2 1 فﺪﺻ ردﻮﭘ Crastoderma lamarki 1 ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷﻮﻴﺑ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ ) ﺪﺻرد ( مﺎﺧ ﻦﻴﺗوﺮﭘ 42 مﺎﺧ ﻲﺑﺮﭼ 17 ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ 2 / 19 ﺖﺑﻮﻃر 8 / 22 ١ : وراد ناﺮﻳا ﺖﻛﺮﺷ لاﺮﻨﻴﻣ سﻼﭘ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺎﺘﻳو ﻞﻤﻜﻣ ) ﻲﻠﻴﻣ مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ رد مﺮﮔ : ( ﻦﻴﻣﺎﺘﻳو :A 6000 ﻦﻴﺑ ﺪﺣاو مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ ﺮﺑ ﻲﻠﻠﻤﻟا ﻦﻴﻣﺎﺘﻳو ، :D 4000 ﻦﻴﺑ ﺪﺣاو ﺮﺑ ﻲﻠﻠﻤﻟا مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ ﻦﻴﻣﺎﺘﻳو ، :E 450 ﻦﻴﺑ ﺪﺣاو مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ ﺮﺑ ﻲﻠﻠﻤﻟا ﻦﻴﻣﺎﺘﻳو ، :K 100 ﺪﺣاو ﻦﻴﺑ مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ ﺮﺑ ﻲﻠﻠﻤﻟا ﻦﻴﻣﺎﺘﻳو ، :B 122 ﻲﻠﻴﻣ مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ ﺮﺑ مﺮﮔ ﻦﻴﻣﺎﻴﺗ ، : 5 ، ﻦﻳوﻼﻓﻮﺒﻳر : 15 ﻦﻴﺴﻛوﺪﻳﺮﭘ ، : 10 ﻚﻴﻨﺗﻮﺘﻧﺎﭘ ﺪﻴﺳا ، : 30 ﺪﻳﺮﻠﻛ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﻛ ، : 300 ﻦﻴﺳﺎﻴﻧ ، : 150 ﻚﻴﻟﻮﻓ ﺪﻴﺳا ، : 5 ﻦﻴﺗﻮﻴﺑ ، : 2 لﻮﺘﻴﺳﻮﻨﻳا ، 2 : ﻌﻣ ﻞﻤﻜﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﻴﺳ ﺖﻛﺮﺷ ﻲﻧﺪ ) ﻲﻠﻴﻣ مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ رد مﺮﮔ ( :
CaHPO4: 15, 2H2O: 20, CaCO3: 10, KH2PO4: 1, KCl:6, NaCl: 35, MnSO4H2O: 5.0, FeSO4 7H2O: 5.0, MgSO4: 3, KlO3: 3, CuSO4 5H2O: 10, ZnCO3: 35, CoCl2: 0027.0, Na2SeO3:1.
76 ﻖﻴﻗر زا ﺲﭘ ﺪﻴﻔﺳ و ﺰﻣﺮﻗ يﺎﻬﻟﻮﺒﻠﮔ داﺪﻌﺗ شرﺎﻤﺷ ﺎﺑ يزﺎﺳ ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺮﺘﻣﻮﺘﻴﺳﻮﻤﻫ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا . عاﻮﻧا ﻖﻳﺮﻔﺗ شرﺎﻤﺷ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ لﻮﺒﻠﮔ ﺪﻴﻔﺳ يﺎﻫ ) ﺖﻴﺳﻮﻧﻮﻣ و ﺖﻴﺳﻮﻔﻨﻟ ،ﻞﻴﻓﻮﻨﻳزﻮﺋا ،ﻞﻴﻓوﺮﺗﻮﻧ ( ﮓﻧر و شﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ زا ﺲﭘ ﺖﻓﺮﻳﺬﭘ ترﻮﺻ ﺎﺴﻤﻴﮔ ﮓﻧر ﺎﺑ يﺰﻴﻣآ ) دﺎﺑﺎﻬﻣ يﺮﻣﺎﻋ ،ي 1378 .( ﺮﺑ ﺖﻳﺮﻛﻮﺗﺎﻤﻫ ﺪﺻرد شور سﺎﺳا ﺪﺷ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﺖﻳﺮﻛﻮﺗﺎﻤﻫوﺮﻜﻴﻣ ) Brown, 1998 .( ﻢﺠﺣ ﺮﻳدﺎﻘﻣ ﻲﻟﻮﺒﻠﮔ ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ ) MCV (، ﻲﻟﻮﻠﺳ ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﻦﻴﺑﻮﻠﮔﻮﻤﻫ ) MCH ( و ﺰﻣﺮﻗ لﻮﺒﻠﮔ ﻦﻴﺑﻮﻠﮔﻮﻤﻫ ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ) MCHC ( سﺎﺳاﺮﺑ لﻮﻣﺮﻓ يﺎﻫ ﺮﻳز ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ .
شور سﺎﺳاﺮﺑ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺑﻮﻠﮔﻮﻧﻮﻤﻳا ناﺰﻴﻣ ) & Siwicki (Anderson, 1993 شور سﺎﺳاﺮﺑ مﺮﺳ ﻢﻳزوﺰﻴﻟ و Ellis ) 1990 ( ﺪﺷ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ . يﺮﺘﻛﺎﺑ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺪﻴﺳا يﺎﻫ يﺮﺘﻛﺎﺑ ﻞﻛ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ و ﻚﻴﺘﻛﻻ ﻲﺑ يﺎﻫ و يزاﻮﻫ ﻞﻛ يﺮﺘﻛﺎﺑ ﺖﺴﻳز يﺎﻫ هدور يﺎﺗﻮﻴﺑوﺮﻜﻴﻣ رد ﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﭽﺑ يا نﺎﻛﻮﻠﮔ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ حﻮﻄﺳ ﺎﺑ ﺪﺷ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ . ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ زا ﺲﭘ هدور يﺎﻫ ﺗ نوﺎﻫ ﻪﺑ ندﻮﻤﻧ نژﻮﻤﻫ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ و ﻦﻳزﻮﺗ ،تﺎﻳﻮﺘﺤﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻛ ﻪﻴﻠﺨ ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﻞﻘﺘﻨﻣ ﻞﻳﺮﺘﺳا ﻲﻨﻴﭼ . ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ندﻮﻤﻧ نژﻮﻤﻫ زا ﺲﭘ يﺎﻫ ﻞﻳﺮﺘﺳا ﻲﻜﻤﻧ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ هدور ) NaCl 87 / 0 ﺪﺻرد ( ﺖﻗر يﺎﻫ 1 -10 ﺎﺗ 7 -10 ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ . ﺖﻗر زا ﺖﺤﺗ ،هﺪﺷ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ يﺎﻫ لدﺎﻌﻣ ﻲﻤﺠﺣ ﻞﻳﺮﺘﺳا ًﻼﻣﺎﻛ ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ 100 ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺷادﺮﺑ ﺮﺘﻴﻟوﺮﻜﻴﻣ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﻪﺑ و ﺖﺸﻛ يﺎﻫ
Tryptic Soy Agar ﺎﻳ TSA ) ﻪﺑ يﺮﺘﻛﺎﺑ ﻞﻛ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ يﺎﺗﻮﻴﺑوﺮﻜﻴﻣ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ هدور ( ﺖﺸﻛ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ و DeMan, Rogosa and Sharpe
ﺎﻳ MRS ) يﺮﺘﻛﺎﺑ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ ﻚﻴﺘﻛﻻ ﺪﻴﺳا يﺎﻫ ( و ﻞﻘﺘﻨﻣ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﺶﺨﭘ ﺖﻴﻠﭘ ﺢﻄﺳ رد ) Hoseinifar et al., 2011 .( ﺖﻴﻠﭘ نﻮﻴﺳﺎﺑﻮﻜﻧا تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ 5 ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا قﺎﺗا يﺎﻣد رد زور ) Mahious et al., 2006 .( نﺎﻣز نﺪﺷ يﺮﭙﺳ زا ﺲﭘ يﺮﺘﻛﺎﺑ ،نﻮﻴﺳﺎﺑﻮﻜﻧا ﻲﭙﻴﺗﻮﻨﻓ تﺎﺼﺨﺸﻣ سﺎﺳاﺮﺑ ﺖﻴﻠﭘ ﺮﻫ يﺎﻫ ﻲﻨﻠﻛ ﺪﺣاو ﺐﺴﺣﺮﺑ و هﺪﺷ شرﺎﻤﺷ و ﻲﻳﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ) CFU ( مﺮﮔ رد ﺪﻧﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ هدور نزو ) 1986 Sneath, & Peter .( ﻦﻳا ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ٌﻼﻣﺎﻛ حﺮﻃ ﻚﻳ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد ياﺮﺑ و هﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻲﻓدﺎﺼﺗ داد ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ و ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ه زا ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ يﺎﻫ Excel و SPSS ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا . ياﺮﺑ هداد ندﻮﺑ لﺎﻣﺮﻧ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ نﻮﻣزآ زا ﺎﻫ Shapiro-Wilk هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺪﺷ . هداد لﺎﻣﺮﻧ ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ نﺪﺷ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ زا ﺲﭘ ،ﺎﻫ دﻮﺟو ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺟو مﺪﻋ ﺎﻳ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ فﻼﺘﺧا دﻮ ﺲﻧﺎﻳراو ﺰﻴﻟﺎﻧآ نﻮﻣزآ زا ﺎﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﻦﻴﺑ يراد ﻪﻓﺮﻄﻜﻳ ) One-Way ANOVA ( ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا .
ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﺮﺑ نﺎﻛﻮﻠﮔ تاﺮﺛا رد ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﭽﺑ ﻲﻧﻮﺧ يﺎﻫ لوﺪﺟ 2 ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هداد نﺎﺸﻧ . ﻲﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ يﺮﭘ ﻦﻳا ﻪﻛ ﺪﻫد ﺰﻣﺮﻗ لﻮﺒﻠﮔ داﺪﻌﺗ ﺮﺑ ﻚﻴﺗﻮﻴﺑ ) RBC ( ﻲﻟﻮﺒﻠﮔ ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﻢﺠﺣ ، ) MCV ( ﻲﻟﻮﺒﻠﮔ ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﻦﻴﺑﻮﻠﮔﻮﻤﻫ ، ) MCH ( و ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺰﻣﺮﻗ لﻮﺒﻠﮔ ﻦﻴﺑﻮﻠﮔﻮﻤﻫ ) MCHC ( دراد ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ) 05 / 0 < P .( لوﺪﺟ ﻪﻛ رﻮﻄﻧﺎﻤﻫ 3 ﻞﻴﻓﻮﻨﻳزﻮﺋا ﺰﺟ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هداد نﺎﺸﻧ لﻮﺒﻠﮔ ﺮﻳﺎﺳ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ فﻼﺘﺧا ﺎﻫ ﻲﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ ﺎﺑ ار يراد ﺪﻨﻫد . ﺖﻴﺳﻮﻔﻨﻟ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻪﻜﻳرﻮﻄﺑ ﺎﻫ ) 61 / 1 ± 83 / 75 ﻮﻧﺎﻧ رد ﺐﻌﻜﻣﺮﺘﻤﻴﻠﻴﻣ ( رﺎﻤﻴﺗ رد 5 / 0 لﻮﺒﻠﮔ ناﺰﻴﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ و ﺪﺻرد رﺎﻤﻴﺗ رد ﺪﻴﻔﺳ 1 ﺪﺻرد ) 100 ± 9100 ﺐﻌﻜﻣﺮﺘﻤﻴﻠﻴﻣ رد ﻮﻧﺎﻧ ( ﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ . رادﻮﻤﻧ رد ﻪﻛ رﻮﻄﻧﺎﻤﻫ 1 و 2 زا هدﺎﻔﺘـﺳا ،ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﻦﻴﺑﻮـﻠﮔﻮﻧﻮﻤﻳا حﻮﻄﺳ ﺮﺑ ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﭽﺑ ﻲﻳاﺬﻏ هﺮﻴﺟ رد نﺎﻛﻮﻠﮔ ناﺰﻴﻣ ﻲﻟو ﻪﺘﺷاﺪﻧ يﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ مﺮﺳ ﻲـﻨﻌﻣ رﻮﻄﺑ ار مﺮﺳ ﻢﻳزوﺰﻴﻟ يراد رﺎـﻤﻴﺗ رد ﻢﻳزوﺰـﻴﻟ ناﺰـﻴﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻪﻜﻳرﻮﻄﺑ ،ﺖﺳا هداد ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ 1 ﺎﺑ ﺪﺻرد 52 / 2 ± 67 / 29 ﻲﻠﻴﻣ رد مﺮﮔوﺮﻜﻴﻣ ﺮﺘﻴﻟ ناﺰـﻴﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛ و ﺎــﺑ نآ 04 / 1 ± 17 / 18 ﻲــﻠﻴﻣ رد مﺮــﮔوﺮﻜﻴﻣ ﺮــﺘﻴﻟ ﺪﻫﺎــﺷ رﺎــﻤﻴﺗ رد ﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ . ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﭽﺑ هدور يﺎﺗﻮﻴﺑوﺮﻜﻴﻣ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺪﻴﻔﺳ يﺎﻫ ﺬﻐﺗ يﺎـﻫ رادﻮـﻤﻧ رد ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ ﻪﻳ 3 ﺎـﺗ 5 نﺎـﺸﻧ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هداد . سﻮﻠﻴﺳﺎﺑ ﻮﺘﻛﻻ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ رﺎـﻤﻴﺗ رد ﺎـﻫ 5 / 0 ﺪـﺷ هﺪﻫﺎـﺸﻣ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ رﺎﻤﻴﺗ رد داﺪﻌﺗ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛ و ﺪﺻرد . رﺎـﻤﻴﺗ 5 / 0 ﺎﺑ ﺪﺻرد ) 35 / 0 ± 48000000 ) ( مﺮﮔ رد يﺮﺘﻛﺎﺑ ﻲﻨﻠﻛ ( ـﺸﻴﺑ ﺘ ﻦﻳﺮ دﻮــﺑ اراد ار يﺮﺘﻛﺎــﺑ ﻞــﻛ داﺪــﻌﺗ . ﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘــﺸﻴﺑ ناﺰــﻴ يﺮﺘﻛﺎــﺑ يﺎــﻫ ﻲﺑ ﺎـﺑ ﺮـﺑاﺮﺑ و ﺪﻫﺎـﺷ رﺎﻤﻴﺗ رد يرﺎﺒﺟا يزاﻮﻫ ) 43589 ± 30000 ( ) مﺮﮔ رد يﺮﺘﻛﺎﺑ ﻲﻨﻠﻛ ( يﺎـﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗ رد ناﺰـﻴﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛ و 5 / 0 ، 1 و 2 ﺪﺷ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﺪﺻرد . ﺶﻳاﺰـﻓا ﺪـﻳﻮﻣ هﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ سﻮﻠﻴﺳﺎﺑﻮﺘﻛﻻ داﺪﻌﺗ راد رﺎﻤﻴﺗ رد ﺎﻫ 5 / 0 دﻮﺑ ﺪﺻرد .
77 لوﺪﺟ 2 : ﺧﺎﺷ ﺮﻳدﺎﻘﻣ ﺺ ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﭽﺑ ﻲﻧﻮﺧ يﺎﻫ رﺎﻤﻴﺗ رد ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ
رﺎﻤﻴﺗ 2 ﺪﺻرد ﺪﺻرد1/5 رﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﺪﺻرد1 رﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﺪﺻرد0/5 رﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﺪﺻردﺮﻔﺻ رﺎﻤﻴﺗ 30 / 1173 ± 1625/ b 1780±196/7c 1946/60±45/09c 1400±100d 963/30±55/07a ﺰﻣﺮﻓ يﺎﻫلﻮﺒﻠﮔ داﺪﻌﺗ ) ﺐﻌﻜﻣﺮﺘﻣ رد ﻮﻧﺎﻧ ( × 103 15 / 0 ± 47 / 6 b 6/70±0/1c 8/17±0/3d 8/97±0/4d 4/83±0/06a (ﺮﺘﻴﻟﻲﺳد رد مﺮﮔ)ﻦﻴﺑﻮﻠﮔﻮﻤﻫ 7 / 1 ± 21 a 25/30±2/5b 30/30±2/5c 31/30±1/1c 21/30±1/5a (ﺪﺻرد) ﺖﻳﺮﻛﻮﺗﺎﻤﻫ 2 / 30 ± 33 / 41 a 46/33±1/16a 65/33±1/16b 66/67±1/53b 45/33±1/53a MCH(pg) 2 ± 22 a 26±1/73b 28/33±2/c 26/67±3/2b 25±1a MCHC (ﺪﺻرد) 1 ± 179 b 178/70±1/15b 215±3/6c 253/30±10/4d 153±5/2a (fl ) MCV نﺎﺸﻧ نﻮﺘﺳ ﺮﻫ رد توﺎﻔﺘﻣ فوﺮﺣ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ فﻼﺘﺧا هﺪﻨﻫد ﻲﻣ راد ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ) 05 / 0 < P ( .
لوﺪﺟ 3 : ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﭽﺑ ﺪﻴﻔﺳ يﺎﻬﻟﻮﺒﻠﮔ ﻞﻛ داﺪﻌﺗ و ﻲﻗاﺮﺘﻓا شرﺎﻤﺷ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ و نﺎﻛﻮﻠﮔ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗ رد رﺎﻤﻴﺗ 2 ﺻرد ﺪ ﺪﺻرد1/5 رﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﺪﺻرد1 رﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﺪﺻرد0/5 رﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﺪﺻردﺮﻔﺻ رﺎﻤﻴﺗ 6 / 1 ± 40 / 38 c 29/33±1/16b 28/17±1/76b 19/67±0/58a 18±1a (ﺪﺻرد) ﻞﻴﻓوﺮﺗﻮﻧ 3 / 0 ± 10 / 1 a 1/60±0/17a 1/40±0/4a 1/46±0/15a 1/37±0/4a (ﺪﺻرد)ﻞﻴﻓﻮﻨﻳزﻮﺋا 65 / 2 ± 56 a 65/30±1/53b 67/43±1/5b 75/83±1/61c 79/40±4/13c (ﺪﺻرد) ﺖﻴﺳﻮﻔﻨﻟ 2 / 0 ± 20 / 4 c 3/27±0/64b 2/77±0/25b 2/83±0/76b 1/70±0/27a (ﺪﺻرد) ﺖﻴﺳﻮﻧﻮﻣ 9 / 450 ± 60 / 9466 c 9300±519/6c 9100±100c 8266/67±251/6b 7216/6±189/6a ﺪﻴﻔﺳ يﺎﻫلﻮﺒﻠﮔ ) ﺐﻌﻜﻣﺮﺘﻣ رد ﻮﻧﺎﻧ ( نﺎﺸﻧ نﻮﺘﺳ ﺮﻫ رد توﺎﻔﺘﻣ فوﺮﺣ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ فﻼﺘﺧا هﺪﻨﻫد ﻲﻣ راد ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ) 05 / 0 < P ( . رادﻮﻤﻧ 1 : ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﭽﺑ نﻮﺧ ﻢﻳزوﺰﻴﻟ ﻲﻨﻤﻳا ﺺﺧﺎﺷ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ رد يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ رادﻮﻤﻧ 2 : ﻮﺧ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺒﻠﮔﻮﻧﻮﻤﻳا ﺺﺧﺎﺷ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﭽﺑ ن يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗ رد ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ b b a c a 0 ۵ ١٠ ١۵ ٢٠ ٢۵ ٣٠ ٣۵ 0 ٠/۵ ١ ١/۵ ٢ رﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﻢﻳ زوﺰﻴﻟ ) ﻲﻠ ﻴﻣ رد مﺮ ﮔوﺮ ﻜ ﻴﻣ ﺮﺘ ﻴﻟ ( a a a a a ٠ / ٠ ٢ / ٠ ۴ / ٠ ۶ / ٠ 8 / 0 ٠ / ١ ٢ / ١ ۴ / ١ 0 ٠/۵ ١ ١/۵ 2 رﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﻴﺑﻮﻠﮔ ﻮﻧﻮ ﻤﻳا ﻦ) ﻲﻠ ﻴﻣ ﻲﺳد رد مﺮﮔ ﺮﺘﻴﻟ(
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رادﻮﻤﻧ 3 : سﻮﻠﻴﺳﺎﺑﻮﺘﻛﻻ داﺪﻌﺗ هدور يﺎﺗﻮﻴﺑوﺮﻜﻴﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗ رد ) فاﺮﺤﻧا ﺮﮕﻧﺎﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﺎﻫرﺎﺑ رﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ( رادﻮﻤﻧ 4 : رد هدور يﺎﺗﻮﻴﺑوﺮﻜﻴﻣ يﺎﻬﻳﺮﺘﻛﺎﺑ ﻞﻛ داﺪﻌﺗ ﺨﻣ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﻒﻠﺘ ) فاﺮﺤﻧا ﺮﮕﻧﺎﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﺎﻫرﺎﺑ رﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ( رادﻮﻤﻧ 5 : يﺮﺘﻛﺎﺑ ﻞﻛ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻲﺑ يﺎﻫ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗ رد هدور يﺎﺗﻮﻴﺑوﺮﻜﻴﻣ يزاﻮﻫ ﻞﻜﺷ 2 : ﻲﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﺖﺷرد ﺎﺑ ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﭽﺑ نﻮﺧ ﻞﻴﻓوﺮﺗﻮﻧ 100 100 ﻲﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﺖﺷرد ﺎﺑ ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﭽﺑ نﻮﺧ ﺖﻴﺳﻮﻔﻨﻟ :1 ﻞﻜﺷ
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نﺎـﻴﻫﺎﻣ ياﺮـﺑ ﻲـﺻﺎﺼﺘﺧاﺮﻴﻏ ﺎـﻳ ﻲﺗاذ ﻲﻨﻤﻳا ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﺖﻳﻮﻘﺗ اﺮﭼ ،ﺖﺳا ﺖﻴﻤﻫا ﺰﺋﺎﺣ رﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﻲﺷروﺮﭘ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﻛ ﻂﻳاﺮـﺷ ﺖـﺤﺗ ﺎﻫ ﺮﮕﻳد و ﺐﻠﻃ ﺖﺻﺮﻓ ﻲﻳﺎﻳﺮﺘﻛﺎﺑ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ زا يرﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ رد ﻲﺷروﺮﭘ سﺮﺘﺳا ﺐﻴﺳآ ﺎﻫ ﺴﻫ ﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺪﻨﺘ . يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻞـﻣﺎﻋ ﻚـﻳ ﻲـﻳاز ﺎـﺑ هزرﺎﺒﻣ ياﺮﺑ نﺎﺑﺰﻴﻣ ﻲﻨﻤﻳا ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﻪﺑ ﻢﺟﺎﻬﻣ ياﺰﻳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ دراد ﻲﮕﺘــﺴﺑ نآ )
Dixon & Stet, 2001 ( . ﺞﻳﺎــﺘﻧ سﺎــﺳاﺮﺑ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ هﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ لﻮﺒﻠﮔ يﺎﻫ ﺪﻴﻔﺳ رﺎـﻤﻴﺗ رد 1 ﺪـﺻرد ﻲـﻨﻌﻣ رﻮﻄﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺪﺷ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ رﺎـﻤﻴﺗ ﺮﻳﺎـﺳ زا ﺮﺘـﺸﻴﺑ يراد دﻮـﺑ ﺎـﻫ . ﻮﻠﮔ نﺎﻛ ﻪـﺑ لﺎـﺼﺗا ﻖﻳﺮﻃ زا ﺎﻫ رﻮﺘﭙـﺳر يﺎـﻫ ﺢﻄـﺳ يور ﻲـﺻﺎﺧ لﻮﻠﺳ ﻞـﻴﻓوﺮﺗﻮﻧ و ژﺎﻓوﺮﻛﺎﻣ ،ﺖﻴﺳﻮﻧﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ ﺮـﺛا ﻲـﺗاذ ﻲـﻨﻤﻳا ﺮـﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻧراﺬﮔ ) Muller et al., 2000 .( ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﺎـﻫ ﺖـﺳا هداد نﺎـﺸﻧ لﻮﺒﻠﮔ ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﻪﻛ فﺪﺻ و نﺎﻴﻫﺎﻣ رد ﺪﻴﻔﺳ يﺎﻫ ﺎﻫ ﺐﺒﺳ ﻦﺘﻓرﻻﺎﺑ ناﺰـﻴﻣ ﻲـﻣ ﺐﺒـﺳ ار يدﺎـﺑ ﻲـﺘﻧآ ﺪـﻴﻟﻮﺗ دﻮـﺷ ) Galina et al., 2009 .( ﻲــﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﻳاﺰــﻓا زا ﻲﻛﺎــﺣ ﻦﻴــﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﺞﻳﺎــﺘﻧ راد ﺪــﺻرد و ﺖﻳﺮﻛﻮﺗﺎﻤﻫ داﺪﻌﺗ رﺎﻤﻴﺗ رد ﺰﻣﺮﻗ لﻮﺒﻠﮔ 1 ﺪﺻرد دﻮﺑ . ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ رد هﺪـﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻲﻫﺎـﮔور ﻲﻫﺎـﻣ ﻪـﺑﺮﮔ ﺮـﺑ ) Ictalurus punctatus ( هﺪﺷ ﻪﻳﺬﻐﺗ رﺎﻤﻴﺗ رد ﻦﻴﺑﻮﻠﮔﻮﻤﻫ و ﺖﻳﺮﻛﻮﺗﺎﻤﻫ ناﺰﻴﻣ رد ﻲﺸﻳاﺰﻓا ﺢﻄــﺳ ﺎــﺑ 1 ﻛﺎﻣ مﺮﮔﻮــﻠﻴﻛرد مﺮــﮔ درﺎــﮔوﺮ ) نﺎــﻛﻮﻠﮔ ﺎــﺘﺑ يوﺎــﺣ ( ﺖـﺳا هﺪـﺷ هﺪـﻳد ﺪﻫﺎـﺷ هوﺮـﮔ ﺎـﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣرد ) Welker et al., 2007 .( ﺮﺑ سﺎﺳا و ﺰﻣﺮﻗ لﻮﺒﻠﮔ ﻢﺠﺣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ،هﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ لﻮﺒﻠﮔ ﻦﻴﺑﻮﻠﮔﻮﻤﻫ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗ رد ﺎﻫ 5 / 0 و 1 ﺖﺳﺪﺑ ﺪﺻرد ﺪﻣآ . Andrews و نارﺎـﻜﻤﻫ ) 2009 ( ﻲـﻨﻌﻣ فﻼﺘـﺧا رد ار يراد لﻮﺒﻠﮔ داﺪﻌﺗ يﺎـﻫ ﺰـﻣﺮﻗ و ﻮـﻫور ﻲﻫﺎـﻣ ﻦﻴﺑﻮـﻠﮔﻮﻤﻫ ناﺰـﻴﻣ ) L. rohita ( حﻮﻄـــﺳ ﺎـــﺑ هﺪـــﺷ ﻪـــﻳﺬﻐﺗ 1 ، 2 و 4 نﺎـــﻧﺎﻣ ﺪـــﺻرد ﺪﻳرﺎﻛﺎﺳﻮﮕﻴﻟا ) ﺮـﻤﺨﻣ ﻲﻟﻮﻠـﺳ هراﻮـﻳد ءﺎـﺸﻨﻣ ﺎـﺑ ﻲـﻨﻤﻳا كﺮﺤﻣ ( ﺪﻧدﻮﻤﻧ شراﺰﮔ . لﻮﺒﻠﮔ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﻪﻛﺎﺠﻧآ زا لﻮـﺒﻠﮔ و ﺖـﻳﺮﻛﻮﺗﺎﻤﻫ ،ﺪﻴﻔـﺳ يﺎـﻫ ﺰﻴﻧ ار ﺰﻣﺮﻗ ﻲﻣ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ناﻮﺗ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻲـﻨﻤﻳا ﺶﻳاﺰـﻓا يﺎـﻫ ﻲـﺻﺎﺼﺘﺧا ﺳ ﺖـﺷاد نﺎﻴﺑ ﻲﻟﻮﻠ ) Raa et al., 1996 ( ﻲـﻣ اﺬـﻟ ﻪـﺠﻴﺘﻧ ناﻮـﺗ هﺮﻴﺟ رد نﺎﻛﻮﻠﮔ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻪﻛ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﭽﺑ ي لﺎﺒﻧﺪﺑ ار ﻲﺻﺎﺼﺘﺧاﺮﻴﻏ ﻲﻨﻤﻳا ﺖﺷاد ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ . ﻦﻴﺸﻴﭘ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد رد يﺰﺑآ رد نﺎﻛﻮﻠﮔ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا صﻮﺼﺧ ﻮـﻣ ﺮـﺜﻛا رد ﺰﻴﻧ يروﺮﭘ درا ﺮﻴﻏ ﻲﻨﻤﻳا ﻲﻟﻮﻠـﺳ ﻲﺻﺎﺼﺘﺧا ) ﺎﻓ ﺖـﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻨﻟ ،يزﻮﺘﻴـﺳﻮﮔ ،ﺖﻴـﺳﻮﻔ ﺖـﺳﻮﻧﻮﻣ و ﻞﻴﻓوﺮﺗﻮﻧ ( ﺮﻴﻏ و ﻲﻧﻮـﺧ ﻲـﺻﺎﺼﺘﺧا ) ﻮـﻴﻠﻴﻣ ،ﻢﻳزوﺰـﻴﻟ زاﺪﻴﺴﻛاﺮﭘ و ﻦﻴﻨﻴﺗﻮﻠﮔﻮﻤﻫ ( ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﻲﻨﻌﻣ راد ﻪﺘﺷاد ﺖﺳا ;Selvaraj et al., 2005a,b ;Kumari & Sahoo, 2006)
Rodriguez et al., 2009 ;Misra et al., 2006a (. داد نﺎـﺸﻧ ﻲـﺳرﺮﺑ ﻦـﻳا ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺪـﻧ ﻪـﻛ ـﺑ ناﺰـﻴﻣ ﺶﻳاﺰـﻓا ﻢﻏﺮ رﺎﻤﻴﺗ رد ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺒﻠﮔﻮﻧﻮﻤﻳا 1 ، 5 / 1 و 2 ﻲﻨﻌﻣ فﻼﺘﺧا ﺪﺻرد رد يراد ﺪـﺸﻧ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ هوﺮﮔ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ . ﻲـﺳرﺮﺑ رد رد ﻪﺑﺎـﺸﻣ يﺎـﻫ ﺺﺧﺎــﺷ يدوﺪــﺤﻣ دراﻮــﻣ ،ﻲــﺻﺎﺼﺘﺧا ﻲــﻨﻤﻳا يﺎــﻫ ﺶﻳاﺰــﻓا ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﻦـﻳا فﺮـﺼﻣ زا ﺲـﭘ ار يراد ﻪﺘـﺳد ﻞـﻤﻜﻣ زا نﺎـﺸﻧ يﺎـﻫ هداد ﻲﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧا ﻤﺟ نآ زا ناﻮﺗ ﻪـﺑ ﻪﻠ ﻖـﻴﻘﺤﺗ Cuesta نارﺎـﻜﻤﻫ و ) 2004 ( ﺮﺑ ﻢﻴﺳ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻲﻳﺎﻳرد ) Sparus aurata ( ﻮﺠﺑآ ﺮﻤﺨﻣ ﺎﺑ ) نﺎﻛﻮﻠﮔ هﺮﺛﻮﻣ هدﺎﻣ ﺎﺑ ( ﻲـﺳرﺮﺑ هرود نﺎـﻳﺎﭘ زا ﺲﭘ ﻪﻛ دﺮﻛ هرﺎﺷا IgM ﺖـﻓر ﻻﺎﺑ نﻮﺧ . رد ﻦﻴـﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻖـﻴﻘﺤﺗ زا هدﺎﻔﺘـﺳا ﺰـﻴﻧ يﺮـﮕﻳد ﻳاﺰـﻓا ﺐﺒـﺳ ﻪﻤﻠﻛ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ شروﺮﭘ رد ﺪﻳرﺎﻛﺎﺳﻮﮕﻴﻟاﻮﺘﻛوﺮﻓ ﻚﻴﺗﻮﻴﺑﺮﭘ ﺶ Ig ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ هوﺮﮔ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ رد 2012) Soleimani et al., .( ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا رﺎﻤﻴﺗ رد مﺮﺳ ﻢﻳزوﺰﻴﻟ راد يﺎﻫ 5 / 0 و 1 ﺪﺻرد فﺮـﺼﻣ ﻲﻃ ﻲﺻﺎﺼﺘﺧاﺮﻴﻏ ﻲﻨﻤﻳا ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا زا نﺎﺸﻧ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﻦﻳا رد رد نﺎﻛﻮﻠﮔ ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﭽﺑ ﺖﺳا . ﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ رد ﻪـﭽﺑ يور يا ﺪﻗ ﺖﺸﮕﻧا ﻲﻫﺎﻣ Labeo rohita ﻣ حﻮﻄـﺳ ، ﻲﻓﺮـﺼ 250 و 500 ﻲﻠﻴﻣ هﺮﻴﺟ رد مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ رد نﺎﻛﻮﻠﮔ ﺎﺘﺑ مﺮﮔ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﻲﻳاﺬﻏ ي ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﺪـﻳدﺮﮔ ﺪﻴﻔـﺳ لﻮﺒﻠﮔ داﺪﻌﺗ و مﺮﺳ ﻢﻳزوﺰﻴﻟ راد ) Misra et al., 2006b .( ﻖﻳرﺰﺗ 10 ﻲﻠﻴﻣ ﻲـﻃ نﺎـﻛﻮﻠﮔﺎﺘﺑ مﺮﮔﻮـﻠﻴﻛ رد مﺮـﮔ 2 ﻪﺘﻔﻫ 4 رﺎﺑ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻦﻳا رد ﺮﻴﻏ ﻲﻨﻤﻳا ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺐﺒﺳ ،ﻲـﺻﺎﺼﺘﺧا ﺶﻳاﺰـﻓا رد ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ اﺰﻳرﺎـﻤﻴﺑ ﻞـﻣاﻮﻋ ﺮـﺑاﺮﺑ Aearomonas hydrophilla و Edvardzilla tarad ﺪﺷ ) 2006a (Misra et al., . شراﺰـﮔ يﺎـﻫ هﺪـﻧﺮﻴﮔ ﻪـﻛ ﺪﻧداد نﺎﺸﻧ يدﺪﻌﺘﻣ نﺎـﻛﻮﻠﮔ يﺎـﻫ رد يور نﺎـﻴﻫﺎﻣ راد راﺮـﻗ ﻞـﻴﻓوﺮﺗﻮﻧ و ﺖﻴـﺳﻮﻧﻮﻣ ،ﺎﻫژﺎﻓوﺮﻛﺎﻣ ـﻧ ﺪ ) Raa et al., 1996 ( . ﻪﺑ نﺎﻛﻮﻠﮔﺎﺘﺑ لﺎﺼﺗا هﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔ يﺎﻫ ﻲﻟﻮﻠـﺳ ﻪـﻧﺎﮕﻴﺑ ﺪـﻨﻳآﺮﻓ ، ﺖــﻳﻮﻘﺗ نﺎــﻤﻠﭙﻤﻛ يﺎﻫﺮﻴــﺴﻣ يزﺎــﺳ لﺎــﻌﻓ ﻖــﻳﺮﻃ زا ار يراﻮــﺧ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻛ ) Herre et al., 2004 (. ﻪﻛ رﻮﻄﻧﺎﻤﻫ رادﻮﻤﻧ رد يﺎﻫ 3 ، 4 و 5 ﺖـﺳا هﺪـﺷ هداد نﺎـﺸﻧ يﺮﺘﻛﺎـﺑ ﺪﺷر ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﻪـﻠﻤﺟ زا ﺪـﻴﻔﻣ يﺎـﻫ يﺮﺘﻛﺎـﺑ يﺎـﻫ ﺪﻴـﺳا هدور يﺎــﺗﻮﻴﺑوﺮﻜﻴﻣ رد ﻚــﻴﺘﻛﻻ ﻲــﺳرﺮﺑ ﻦــﻳا ﻲــﻃ يا 60 هزور ﺮﮔ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﻢﻫ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻦﻳا ﻪﻛ ﺪﻳد و هدﻮـﺑ ﻦﻴﺸﻴﭘ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺎﺘﺳار ﻚﻴﺗﻮﻴﺑﺮﭘ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺪﻳﻮﻣ يﺮﺘﻛﺎـﺑ ﺖـﻴﺒﻟﺎﻏ و داﺪﻌﺗ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ يﺎـﻫ اﻮـﮔ هﺎﮕﺘـﺳد ﻲﻣﻮﺑ يﺎﺗﻮﻴﺑوﺮﻜﻴﻣ ﺪﻴﻔﻣ ﺮـﺑ ﺮـﺛا نآ ﻊـﺒﺗ ﻪـﺑ و شر ﺮﻴﻏ ﻲﻨﻤﻳا ﺖـﺳا ﻲﺻﺎﺼﺘﺧا )
Sang et al.,2011; Soleimani
et al., 2011; Zhang et al., 2011
.( ﺞﻳﺎـﺘﻧ ﻦـﻳا ﻪـﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ
80 هدور يﺎﺗﻮﻴﺑوﺮﻜﻴﻣ ﻲﻧاﻮﺗﺎﻧ و ﻚﻴﺗﻮﻴﺑﺮﭘ ﻲﻓﺎﺿا ﺮﻳدﺎﻘﻣ ﺮﻴﻤﺨﺗ رد يا ﻲﻣ ار هدور رد ﺎﻬﻧآ ﻊﻤﺠﺗ ﻲﻟﺎـﻤﺘﺣا ﻞـﻴﻟد ناﻮـﺗ ﻲـﺑ ﺮﻴﺛﺄـﺗ ندﻮـﺑ يﺎـﻫرﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﺎـﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ رد ﻚﻴﺗﻮﻴﺑﺮﭘ ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ حﻮﻄﺳ 5 / 0 و 1 ﺪـﺻرد ﺖﺷاد نﺎﻴﺑ )
Olsen et al., 2001 ;Cerezuela et al., 2008 .( هوﻼﻋ هرود لﻮـﻃ ﻦﻳا ﺮﺑ فﺮـﺼﻣ ناﺰـﻴﻣ ،اﺮـﺟا هﻮـﺤﻧ ،ﻲـﺳرﺮﺑ ي ،هزاﺪـﻧا ،ﻚﻳژﻮﻟﻮﻳﺰﻴﻓ ﺖﻴﻌﺿو ،ﻚﻴﺗﻮﻴﺑﺮﭘ ﻪـﻧﻮﮔ و ﻦـﺳ و ﻲﻫﺎـﻣ ي ﻲـﻣ ﻲـﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮـﻣ ﻲﻳاﺬﻏ ﻢﻳژر و ﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣ ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ ار ﺞﻳﺎـﺘﻧ ﺪـﻧاﻮﺗ ﺪﻫد راﺮﻗ ﺮﻴﺛﺎﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ ) Ibrahemet al., 2010 ; Ringø et al., 2010 .( ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﻪﻜﻳرﻮﻄﺑ راﺪﻘﻣ ﻢﻛ ) 09 / 0 رد ﺪﺻ ( ﺎـﺑ راﺪـﻘﻣ دﺎﻳز ) 18 / 0 ﺪﺻرد ( درز هﺪﻳرﻮﺷ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻲﻳاﺬﻏ هﺮﻴﺟ رد نﺎﻛﻮﻠﮔ ﺎﺘﺑ گرﺰﺑ Pseudosciaena crocea ﺰﻴﻧ و ﻲﺻﺎﺼﺘﺧاﺮﻴﻏ ﻲﻨﻤﻳا ﺮﺑ يﺮﺘﻛﺎﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ رد ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ دﺎﺠﻳا V. harveyi ناﺰـﻴﻣ ﻪﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ رﻮﻄﺑ ﻦﻴﻳﺎﭘ ﻲﻨﻤﻳا ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ يراد ﻲـﻣ دﻮـﺷ ) Ai et al., 2007 .( ﻪـــﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻪﺑﺎـــﺸﻣ رﻮـــﭙﻛ ﺮـــﺑ ﻲـــﺳرﺮﺑ رد ﺰـــﻴﻧ يا يﺪﻨﻫ Catla catla ﺰﻴﻧ ﺖـﺳا هﺪـﻣآ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ ) Dibyendu et al., 2008 .( رﺎﻤﻴﺗ رد مﺮﺳ ﻢﻳزوﺰﻴﻟ ناﺰﻴﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ 5 / 0 رد مﺮـﮔ هﺮﻴﺟ رد نﺎﻛﻮﻠﮔ مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ ناﺰﻴﻣ و ﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ ﻲﻳاﺬﻏ ي 1 رد مﺮﮔ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ فﻼﺘﺧا ﺪﻫﺎﺷ رﺎﻤﻴﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ داﺪﻧ نﺎﺸﻧ ار يراد . ﻤﻫ ﻲـﺳرﺮﺑ ﺰـﻴﻧ يﺮﻴﮔرﺎـﻜﺑ هرود لﻮـﻃ صﻮﺼﺧ رد ﻦﻴﻨﭽ ﺎـﻫ تﺪـﻣ هﺎـﺗﻮﻛ يﺮﻴﮔرﺎﻜﺑ تاﺮﺛا ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا نآ زا ﻲﻛﺎﺣ ) 15 هزور ( و تﺪﻣ ﻲﻧﻻﻮﻃ ) 35 ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ( ﺢﻄﺳ 1 / 0 ﺪـﺻرد درﺎـﮔوﺮﻛﺎﻣ ) ﺐـﻴﻛﺮﺗ نﺎﺳﻮﮔرا و نﺎﻛﻮﻠﮔﺎﺘﺑ يوﺎﺣ ( ﻲﻳﺎـﻳرد فﻮﺳ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻲﻨﻤﻳا ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ ) D. labrax ( ﻴﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻪﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ،ﻢﻳزوﺰﻴﻟ ناﺰ ﻠﮔ لﻮﺒ يﺎـﻫ ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﺑ ﺖﻴﺳﻮﻔﻨﻟ صﻮﺼﺨ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ رد ﺎﻫ ﺎـﺗﻮﻛ يﺎـﻫ ه ﺖـﺳﺪﺑ تﺪـﻣ و هﺪﻣآ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻲـﻨﻌﻣ فﻼﺘـﺧا ﻦـﻳا تﺪـﻣ ﻲﻧﻻﻮـﻃ دﺎـﺠﻳا ار راد ﻲﻤﻧ ﺪﻨﻛ ) Bagni et al., 2005 .( ﻲﻨﻤﻳا كﺮﺤﻣ تاﺮﺛا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ و هﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ سﺎﺳاﺮﺑ هدور يﺎﺗﻮﻴﺑوﺮﻜﻴﻣ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ و ﺮـﺛا رد ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﻲﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﭽﺑ يا يوﺎﺣ ﻲﻳاﺬﻏ ﻞﻤﻜﻣ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻲﻣ نﺎﻛﻮﻠﮔ ار نآ زا هدﺎﻔﺘـﺳا ناﻮﺗ دﺮـﻛ ﻪﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﺎﻳرد ﻪﺑ يزﺎﺳﺎﻫر زا ﺶﻴﭘ شروﺮﭘ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ رد . ﻦـﻳا ﺎـﺑ ﺮﺨﺘﺳا رد شروﺮﭘ ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ ﺖﺤﺗ ﻲﻳاﺬﻏ ﻞﻤﻜﻣ ﻦﻳا زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا لﺎﺣ ﻲـﻣ ﺰـﻴﻧ ﻖـﻳرﺰﺗ ﻖـﻳﺮﻃ زا و ﻲﺷروﺮﭘ رد ﺖـﺴﻳﺎﺑ تﺎـﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻲـﺗآ دﻮﺷ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ .
ﻲﻧادرﺪﻗ و ﺮﻜﺸﺗ
ﺑ ﺘـﻤﺣز ﻞﻨـﺳﺮﭘ ﻪـﻴﻠﻛ زا ﻪﻠﻴﺳﻮﻨﻳﺪ ﻜ ﻲﺗﺎـﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ هﺎﮕﺘـﺴﻳا ﺶ هﺪﻧز ياﺬﻏ و ﻪﻳﺬﻐﺗ ناﺮـﻬﻣ سﺪـﻨﻬﻣ يﺎـﻗآ بﺎﻨﺟ و ﻲﻟﺰﻧا رﺪﻨﺑ ي ﻲﺳﺎﻤﻟا ﻞﻴﻟﺪﺑ ﻦﻳا زا ﻲﻟﺎﻣ ﺖﻳﺎﻤﺣ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺮﻜﺸﺗ ﻲﻣ ﻢﻴﻳﺎﻤﻧ .
ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
ﻲﻨﻴــﺴﺣ ح ،ﺮــﻓ . ﻲــﻔﻗاوﺮﻴﻣ ؛ ع ، . و يزﺎــﺠﻣ يﺮــﻴﻣا ، ب . ؛ ﻲﻤﺘــﺳرروﺎﺒﺷﻮﺧ ح ، . و ﻲﻣﺎﻄــﺴﺑ ﺶــﻳورد ك ، . ، 1390 . ﺮﺑ هرﺎـﭘ ﺮـﺑ زﻮـﺘﻛوﺮﻓﻮﮕﻴﻟا ﻚﻴﺗﻮﻴﺑﺮﭘ ﺮﻴﺛﺎﺗ ﻲﺳر ﺺﺧﺎـﺷ زا يا يﺎـﻫ ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷﻮﻴﺑ ،ﻲﻧﻮﺧ ، ﻢﻳﺰﻧآ و ﻲﻣﺮﺳ ﻲﻫﺎـﻣ ﻞـﻴﻓ ﻪـﭽﺑ يﺪـﺒﻛ يﺎﻫ (Huso huso) . ناﺮﻳا تﻼﻴﺷ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﻪﻠﺠﻣ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺑ لﺎﺳ ، ، هرﺎﻤﺷ 2 ، نﺎﺘﺴﺑﺎﺗ 1390 ، تﺎﺤﻔﺻ 27 ﺎﺗ 36 . يدﺎﺑﺎﻬﻣ يﺮﻣﺎﻋ ، م .، 1387 . ﺎﻬﺷور يژﻮﻟﻮﺗﺎﻤﻫ ﻲﻫﺎﮕﺸﻳﺎﻣزآ ي ﺷﺰﭙﻣاد ﻲﻜ . ناﺮﻬﺗ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد پﺎﭼ و تارﺎﺸﺘﻧا ﻪﺴﺳﻮﻣ . 126 ﻪﺤﻔﺻ .
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The effects of glucan on hematological parameters, immune
response and intestinal microbiota of Rutilus frisii kutum fry
Rufchaie R.*
(1); Hoseinifar S.H.
(2);
Sayad Borani M.
(3);
Maghsodie Kohan H.
(4);
Zamini A.A.
(5)and Faeed M.
(6)R_rufchaie@yahoo.com
1, 3, 4 & 5- Inland Water Aquaculture Research Center, P.O. Box: 66 Bandar Anzali, Iran 2 - Department of Fisheries, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources,
P.O.Box: 336 Gorgan, Iran
3- Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture,Islamic Azad University, Lahijan Branch, P.O.Box:1616 Lahijan, Iran
Received: August 2012 Accepted: November 2012
