Tapani Ryhänen
Nokia Research Center,
Sensor and Material Technologies Laboratory
(Cambridge, Otaniemi, Skolkovo)
November 12, 2012
Research in Nanotechnologies
and Sensing
MEMS and CMOS sensors in mass volumes
Low cost, small size sensors with low
power consumption and sophisticated
electronics are now available in large
volumes
Moore’s law (CMOS and MEMS) made this
happen in ten years (~ 1995 ~ 2005)
- but not without speci
fi
c e
ff
ort
Miniaturization of packaged 3 axis silicon
accelerometers (STMicroelectronics); 2002 - 2005
Game controllers and activity monitor prototypes and pilot products by Nokia Research Center; 2003 - 2004
Accelerometer Angular rate Pressure Silicon microphone Magnetometer
MEMS
Nokia as a pioneer in mobile MEMS sensors
Source: Yole Developpement
Digital compass 2003 Fitness finder 2004 N95 2007 Accelerometer MMC card 2003
Multipurpose Touch Panels
Touch sensors on the surface of the
display and other structural parts of
a mobile device can be used as a
platform of sensors and actuators.
•
Touch sensors detecting hovering
•
Deformation sensors (e.g.
bending)
•
Detection of forces applied on the
device (e.g. control by squeezing,
grip detection)
•
Integration of vibrotactile and/or
electrotactile actuators
•
Integration of other sensors (e.g.
temperature, skin impedance)
Pressure
Proximity Strain
Multifunctional Capacitive Sensor for Stretchable Multipurpose Touch Panel (Nokia Research Center UK and University of Cambridge)
Kinetic interaction with mobile device based on multifunctional touch panel sensors responsive to the deformation of the device body (Nokia Research Center Finland and UK)
New Platforms for Sensor Integration
Flexible and Stretchable
Electronics
self-assembled polymer and
Graphene electronics and
inorganic nanostructures
Intelligent algorithms,
machine learning and new
measurement principles
Large scale,
low cost
manufacturing
by roll-to-roll
processes
Sensing device
prototypes
Sensors in Mobile Devices
First wave: MEMS sensors and touch panels (2002 – 2012)
• Silicon accelerometers became available based on mass production processes for automotive industry; smaller package, lower supply voltages, less power
• Capacitive touch sensors as a mass volume enabler of mobile device user interfaces
• Key drivers: adaptive user interface, touch displays, application development
Smart sensor modules and sensor fusion for consumer products (2013 – )
• Integration of MEMS sensors into smart sensor modules (inertial combos with signal processing and embedded algorithms)
• Basic motion and gesture recognition algorithms as an integral part of smart sensors • Key drivers: contextual intelligence, adaptive UI, application specific devices
New materials and intelligent algorithms enable more sensing (2015 – )
• New materials, such as graphene, enable arrays of chemical and environmental sensors with high level of integration (energy, sensors, analog electronics)
• Machine learning methods enable intelligent, adaptive, learning, predictive sensors
Research in Form Factors
Flexible Devices
Intelligent Devices
Wearable Devices
•
Ultimate outdoors,
sports, health,
fi
tness,
wellness experiences
•
Life-logging of personal
sensor data and related
data analytics
•
User experience driven
research on
fl
exible
mobile products
•
Technology portfolio
and manufacturing
solutions for
fl
exible
products
•
Wearable devices:
near-eye-display,
headsets, wearable
cameras, wrist devices
•
Wearable multimedia
and augmented reality
based on optimized
wearable devices
Morph – Transformable, Transparent –
2007
reddot best of the best award 2008
UK Trade and Investment Nordic Innovation Award 2010 FinNano Award 2010
Over 5 million views in YouTube
•
A concept device introduced in 2008 in MoMA,
New York; in London Science Museum 2009
•
Ultra thin, transformable, partly transparent
Nokia Kinetic Device 2010
•
Demonstrator of kinetic user
interface concepts shown in
Nokia World 2011
•
“What the heck – Nokia’s crazy
kinetic device is real”:
roughly 150000 Google hits
and over 1 million views in
Wearable
Transformable,
stretchable, foldable
Flexible and bendable
Light and robust
Haptic feedback
Large screen
What is needed to build a
fl
exible product
Flexible, robust display Flexible capacitive touch panel Flexible, conformable RF shielding Flexible energy storage Hard wearing, deep-colour, flexible casing materials with feel of qualityIntegrated flexible sensors; e-skin
Flexible, shearing OCA
Strain-limiting casing
Advanced antenna construction
Flexible, thin, robust motherboard Stress-relieving film to protect display and ensure smooth bending
Graphene
•
Radical
technology = Signi
fi
cantly higher
performance over the state-of-art
•
Generic
technology = Wide range of
potential applications
•
Disruptive
technology = It o
ff
ers new
value propositions
GRAPHENE’S SUPERLATIVESü Thinnest imaginable material
ü Largest surface area (2700 m^2 per g)
ü Strongest material ever measures (theoretical limit) ü Stiffest known material
ü Most stretchable crystal (up to 20 % elastically) ü Record thermal conductivity (outperforming diamond) ü Highest current density at RT (10^6 times of Cu) ü Compete impermeable (even for He atoms) ü Highest intrinsic mobility (100 times more than Si) ü Conducts electricity in the limit NO electrons ü Lightest charge carriers (zero rest mass) ü Longest mean free path at room T (µm scale)
Horizontal Platform, Vertical Integration
•
Graphene is a versatile material
that will be used to improve the
performance of various electrical
components and/or to create
new components
Ø
Supporting existing value
chains and developing
horizontal technologies
•
Graphene can be an enabler for
new manufacturing paradigms
(printing, R2R) that integrate
di
ff
erent components into
integrated functional systems
Ø
Disrupting existing value chains
and creating vertically
integrated novel products
Materials Components products End
Versatile functional material Integrated functional systems End products
For example, sensors, signal processing, communication, and energy
Technology Differentiation and
Disruptions in Manufacturing
Europe can compete by radically
differentiating technologies –
Europe can’t compete by minimizing costs
of traditional technologies.
Europe can compete by providing truly
disruptive manufacturing solutions –
not by incremental development steps for
existing manufacturing capabilities.