Smart District Heating
Per Alex Sørensen:
B.Sc., Head of Dept.
PlanEnergi
PlanEnergi:
Consultant Engineers
Consultant Engineers
More than 25 years with
renewable heating
•
biomass
•
biogas
•
solar thermal
•
heat pumps
•
district heating
district heating
Smart District Heating
Energy networks
European Initiative on Smart Cities
Heating and Cooling
Innovative and cost effective biomass, solar thermal and geothermal
applications
Innovative hybrid heating and cooling systems from biomass solar thermal
Innovative hybrid heating and cooling systems from biomass, solar thermal,
ambient thermal and geothermal with advanced distributed heat storage
technologies.
Highly efficient co‐ or tri‐generation and district heating and cooling systems.
Electricity
Smart grids, allowing renewable generation, electric vehicles charging,
storage, demand response and grid balancing.
storage, demand response and grid balancing.
Smart metering and energy management systems.
Smart District Heating
Example: Dronninglund and Marstal
HP
Gas
motor
motor
Bio‐oil
Load/usage
35 – 40 000 m²
50 – 100 000 m
3Very cost effective heat storage (demonstration)
Smart District Heating
140%Relative price of heat
80% 100% 120% p rice % 40% 60% 80% Relative heat p 0% 20% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%Higher solar fractions seem reachable with out dramatic increase in heat price
RE‐fraction %Smart District Heating
Wh i thi
ibl ?
Why is this possible?
Interaction with liberal electricity market
f
f
b
h
l
Benefits from combining technologies
Very cheap and high performing solar systems
Improved storage technology (simple/cheap)
LARGE SYSTEMS Æ small storage losses
Smart District Heating
Interaction ith liberal electricit market
Smart District Heating
I t
ti
ith lib
l l t i it
k t
Many possibilities Æ Flexibility
Interaction with liberal electricity market
Winter:
9 High electricity price Æ run CHP, earn money Æ make cheap
heat
heat
9 Low/medium electricity price Æ run heat pump Æ make
relatively cheap heat
Summer:
9 Low electricity price Æ run solar only Æ make free heat
9 Very low electricity price Æ run heat pump Æ make free/cheap
y
y p
p
p
/
p
heat
Smart District Heating
CHP:
Benefits from combining technologies
Solar:
CHP:
9 Produce valuable
electricity Æ earn money
9 Fast capacity regulation
Solar:
9 Produce free heat
H t
9 Fast capacity regulation
(prod.) Æ earn money
Heat pump:
9 Produce cheap heat
9 Fast capacity regulation
Storage:
9 Gives flexibility
9 Makes combinations
(load) Æ earn money
9 Reduce storage volume
possible
Smart District Heating
Collector parameters
Th
ll t
li d i D
i l
d h
Very cheap and high performing solar
systems
Improved storage technology
The collector applied in Dronninglund has
the efficiency parameters:
n
0: 0.815 (AR glass)
Improved storage technology
(simple/cheap)
a
1: 2.43 (Teflon convection barrier)
a
2: 0.012
The collectors are placed with:
p
slope: 30 ° (low angle is optimum due
to shadows from row in front)
azimuth: 0 ° (South)
azimuth: 0 (South)
Row distance: 4.5 m (collector front to
collector front)
C ll t fi ld i t ll d 200 €/ ²
Collector field installed ≈ 200 €/m²
Smart District Heating
I
d t
t h
l
( i
l / h
)
Store parameters
Water pit with liner (un-insulated to earth)
Improved storage technology (simple/cheap)
The top of the store is in Dronninglund assumed insulated with “LECA”; average
insulation thickness 0.5 m and in Marstal with 0.2 m coated PUR-elements
Smart District Heating
St t
Status
Dronninglund (SUNSTORE 3) under approval
by the local authorities Supported by the
by the local authorities. Supported by the
Danish EUDP‐program
Marstal (SUNSTORE 4) is under construction
Marstal (SUNSTORE 4) is under construction.
Ready Spring 2012. Supported by EU 7
th
Framework
Pending issue: Tax on heat pump heat
production
p
Smart District Heating
B th
By the way:
Solar district heating is “exploding” in Denmark
l
International activities:
IEE‐project SDH‐Take‐off
SUNSTORE 4
SUNSTORE 4
IEA‐SHC Task 45 “Large systems”
Smart District Heating
Heating price
70€/MWh ‐
Solar heat
‐
N‐gas
40 50 60 10 20 30 0 1995 2000 2005 2010Smart District Heating
LARGE Potential in Denmark AND elsewhere!
DK Engineer Association 2006 Energiplan 2030
DK Engineer Association, 2006: Energiplan 2030
2030: 2.7 TWh /
10 % of the DK district heating demand (8 mill.
m²)
Danish Energy Authorities, 2007: Solvarme – status og strategi
http://www.ens.dk/graphics/Energipolitik/forskning_udvikling/Strategier/Solvarme/Solvarme_status_og_strategi_2007_05_25.pdf 2030: 2.7 TWh /
10 % of the DK district heating demand
h /
% f h
di
i h
i
d
d
2050: 7 TWh /
40 % of the DK district heating demand
Danish District Heating Association: Varmeplan Danmark 2010
http://www.fjernvarmen.dk/Faneblade/ForskningFANE6/FogU/~/media/FogU%20Konto/2010‐02%20VarmeplanDanmark2010Hovedrapport.ashx 2020: 4mill. m², 1.4 TWh,
5 % of the DK district heating demand
2030: 8mill.
m², 2.7 TWh,
10 % of the DK district heating demand
Smart District Heating
www.solarmarstal.dk
Rise 4 000 m² / 2,8 MW
Ærøskøbing 4 900 m² / 3,4 MW
(enlarged 2010)
Marstal 18 300 m² / 13 MW
(to be doubled soon)
(enlarged 2010)
Smart District Heating
Hillerød 3 000 m² / 2,1 MW
Smart District Heating
Ulsted 5 000 m² / 3,5 MW
Nordby 2 500 m² / 1 8 MW
Brædstrup 8 000 m² / 5,6 MW
Smart District Heating
S l
Di t i t H ti
Solar District Heating –
Take‐Off
Public workshops
See web for updated info
Smart District Heating
SUNSTORE 4
SUNSTORE 4:
Demonstration plant in Marstal. 50% from solar
(33 300 m2) and heat pump 75 000 m3 pit heat
(33,300 m2) and heat pump. 75,000 m3 pit heat
storage. Wood chip fuelled CHP. Ready 2012.
Total heat production 32,000 MWh/year
Total heat production 32,000 MWh/year
International activities:
20 more plants with 100% RES, 50% solar, storage
20 more plants with 100% RES, 50% solar, storage
calculated in 10 countries
Workshops
Smart District Heating
IEA‐SHC Task 45 just started:
1
stJanuary 2011
Kick‐off meeting just held:
5‐6
thApril 2011 in Barcelona
Next meeting in Canada:
24‐25
thOctober 2011
www.iea‐shc.org/task45/
Registration at homepage
Interested ? Contact:
Smart District Heating
European Initiative on Smart Cities
Strategic Energy Technology Plan (SET Plan)
p
