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GRADE 10 May 2018 GEOGRAPHY
EXAMINERS: Mr Edmonds
MODERATOR: Mr Bailey
Time: 2 hours 80 marks
___________________________________________________________________ PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY
1. This paper consists of 7 pages. Please check that your question paper is complete. 2. Read the questions carefully.
3. You may answer the questions in whatever order you wish, but number your answers exactly as the questions have been numbered in the exam paper.
Grade 10 Geography Examination June 2018 Page 2 of 7
Question 1 Structure of the Atmosphere
Study Figure 1 illustrating the structure of the atmosphere and answer the questions that follow.
Figure 1: The structure of the atmosphere
1.1 a) Name the layers of the atmosphere at A and B. (2)
b) Name the two main gasses found in layer A and give their percentages. (4) 1.2 Name the transition zone between
i) layers B and C (1)
ii) How can this transition zone be identified? (1)
1.3 What is the approximate temperature at 50 km above sea level? (1) 1.4 Refer to Figure 2 illustrating the change of temperature with altitude.
Figure 2: Temperature change with altitude
A B C D E G F
1.4.1 Which of the graphs F or G represents the change of temperature in layer
A? Provide two explained reasons for this change of temperature with
height. (3)
1.4.2 Provide the term used to describe the change in temperature with altitude in
graph G. (1)
1.5 Layer E is critical for life on earth.
1.5.1 Name the layer at E. (1)
1.5.2 Why is this layer so important for life on earth? (1)
1.5.3 The depletion of the layer at E has major consequences for people and
plants. List one consequence in the case of each. (2)
[17]
Question 2 Heating of the Atmosphere
Study Figure 3 and answer the following questions.
Figure 3: World carbon emissions by country
2 . 1 I d e n t i f y t h e t w o c
ountries that produced the most carbon emissions in 2010. (2) 2.2 Of the two countries mentioned in the previous question, which one is
Grade 10 Geography Examination June 2018 Page 4 of 7
2.3 Predict the impact on global temperatures of increased carbon emissions being added to the atmosphere. Explain your answer with the aid of a
clearly labelled diagram. (4)
2.4 Explain the impact the situation mentioned in 2.3 will have on people and
the environment. (4)
2.5 The earth receives energy from the sun as incoming short-wave radiation. Only 47% of the suns radiation reaches the earth’s surface. The rest is lost in various ways.
Name the 3 ways that insolation may be “lost” (3)
[14]
Question 3 Moisture in the Atmosphere
3.1 Match the sentences in Column A with those in Column B. Write the numbers and corresponding letters only.
Column A Column B
1. The change in state of water from a liquid to a gas with heating.
A Evaporation. 2. There is a never-ending
movement of water from the sea to the sky, onto the land and back to sea.
B Crystalisation.
3. The change in state of water from a gas to a solid with cooling.
C The water cycle. 4. Any form of water that falls from
the sky.
D Transpiration. 5. Some water is used by plants and
trees. Plants then give the water vapour back to the atmosphere though their leaves.
E Precipitation.
6. The change in state of water from a gas to a liquid with cooling
F Condensation.
. G Sublimation
H Plantification
3.2 Refer to Figure 4 below and answer the questions that follow.
Figure 4: Water vapour vs temperature graph.
3.2.1 Identify the amount of water in the air at 40º C at 100% relative humidity. (1)
3.2.2 Define the following terms:
a) Dew point. (1)
b) Relative humidity. (3)
3.2.3 Describe two factors that could cause the water vapour capacity to reach 100% (2)
3.2.4 If a weather station has a water vapour content of 4g/m2 and the water vapour capacity is 13g/m2. Calculate the relative humidity at that station. (2)
3.2.5 Would precipitation be likely at the weather station in question 3.2.4? Explain your
Grade 10 Geography Examination June 2018 Page 6 of 7
3.2.6 Figure 5 below shows a common weather situation in South Africa. The area receiving rainfall is shaded.
Figure 5: A common weather situation in South Africa
a. Is this situation more likely to occur in summer or winter? (1)
b. What type of rainfall is falling in the shaded area? (1)
c. Describe the formation of this type of rainfall. (3)
[22]
Question 4 Factors affecting temperature, moisture in the atmosphere and
synoptic charts
4.1.1 Imagine that a Johannesburg family are planning to climb southern Africa’s highest mountain, Thabana Ntlenyana, 3 500 metres above sea level. The average temperature in Johannesburg is 11 ºC. The average altitude of Johannesburg is 1500 metres above sea level. If altitude were the only factor affecting temperature, what temperature can this family expect on the
top of Thabana Ntlenyana? (Use a ELR of 0.65º/100m) (3)
4.1.3 Draw a weather station model that is experiencing the following weather
conditions:
● Cloud cover: one quarter
● Wind direction: south south easterly (SSE) ● Wind speed: 5 knots
● Air temperature: 26 ºC ● Dew point: 12 ºC
● Drizzle (6)
questions that follow.
4.1.4 i) Identify the pressure cells at points (i) and (ii) on the synoptic chart. (1)
ii) Give the exact pressure reading at point (V). (1)
iii) In which direction is the front at A moving. (1)
4.1.5 Would the winds be stronger at point (iii) or (iv) on the synoptic chart? (1) 4.1.6 Name the two factors that are used to classify clouds. (2)
[15] MAPWORK
Refer to the 1:50 000 Topographic map extract 2428CD Bela-Bela
5.1 Give the Latitudinal Co-Ordinate of the reservoir in G11. (1 5.2 If an aeroplane were to land on the landing strip in F4, approaching from G4 and
landing towards the town of Bela-Bela.
a) Calculate the true (map) bearing on which the pilot would approach the
landing strip (1
b) What would the magnetic bearing be? (1
c) In which direction would the pilot land? (1
d) Calculate the distance of the landing strip in meters. (1 5.3 Copy the 1° grid below into your answer book and, fill in the area covered by this map sheet
2428CD (1
5.4 a) Calculate the altitude of the landing strip in A1, At its most South Easterly point. (1 b) Does the airstrip generally rise or fall in altitude towards the NW? (1 5.5 Draw a detailed cross-section diagram from • 1306 in B2 to •1339 in B4. Use a
vertical scale of 1cm (line width) =20m. (4
Label the X & Y axis.
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