The Role of Ship Classification Ownership and Future Challenges

Working together for a safer world

The Role of Ship Classification

Ownership and Future Challenges

Lloyd’s Register’s View, Experience and References IDA 17th March 2014

My Background and Experience

1985 D/S NORDEN Ships Officer

1989 von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics, Belgium Research Engineer

1990 Lloyd s Register

Surveyor, Auditor, Project and Office Manager 2001 TORM A/S

Executive Vice President, Technical Director 2006 DFDS A/S

Technical Director 2007 Dannebrog Rederi Deputy Director 2014 Lloyd’s Register

Agenda

• Setting the Scene

• Interest - Why Ship Classification? • Ownership base

• Lloyd’s Register work done today • What’s currently Out There?

• What challenges may the future bring? • Conclusions

Setting the Scene

How we started

Our heritage is genuinely historic

• Formed in 1760 in Edward Lloyd’s coffee house to

examine and ‘classify’ merchant ships according to their condition.

We have 250 years of global marine history

• The world’s first ship classification society and this

remains our core activity today.

…and over 100 years serving other industries across society from energy, rail, food safety to power and manufacturing.

Heritage an important part of our culture and forward-thinking

History of Ship Classification

History of Ship Classification

Lloyd’s Register • Founded in 1760

• 1764 first Register of Ships

• 1834 Lloyd’s Register of British and Foreign Shipping + General Committee

+ first published Rules • 1868 first European office • 1872 Office in Copenhagen

• 1870s first offices in America and Asia • 1914 Lloyd’s Register of Shipping • 2002 Lloyd’s Register

• Today diversified business: - marine

- management systems - land-based industries - railway sector

Lloyd’s Register today

+60,000

Clients, from SMEs to Fortune 500 companies 4 Business divisions +9,000 Employees worldwide £1 billion Turnover 3 Regions

Ownership base

• Founded in 1760 as the first classification society • no connection with the Lloyd’s of London

insurance market

• One shareholder, the Lloyd s Register foundation • governed by a General Committee of industry

representatives

• non-profit distributing • Purpose

• to promote safety of life and property

• to improve overall business performance in the

industries we serve

• Achieved through

• securing high technical standards of design,

Singapore Global Technology Centre – working with joint project partner A*Star to advance technical innovation and support economic growth in the region

Research themes of Joint Industry Projects:

• Subsea drilling and well control equipment.

• Risk (including asset performance management and life extension). • Deep-water / floating offshore installations.

• Enabling / emerging technologies (including renewables).

Work today

Birth of a sea giant

21/01/2014 “Aegir “ Deepwater construction vessel (DCV)

Life-saving Equipment

Aegir has life-saving equipment on board for 399 people.

Pipelay Equipment

Type: Pipelay tower for J-lay and Reeling. J-lay: Quad joints, 32” OD Top tension 2000 t.

R-lay: 2 x 2,000 t reels capacity, 16” OD, 800 t top tension. A&R system: 2,000 t capacity.

Deep water lowering: 3,500 m waterdepth, active and passive system heave compensation up to 750 t.

Heavy Lift Crane

Type: Revolving mast type crane. Boom length: 125 m.

Capacity revolving: 4000 t between 17 m and 40 m radius; 1500 t at 78 m radius.

Lifting height: 96 m above main deck. Maximum radius: 79 m.

Work today

Bekendtgørelse af lov om sikkerhed til søs

Klassifikationsselskaber m.v.

22. Erhvervs- og vækstministeren kan på nærmere angivne vilkår autorisere

klassifikationsselskaber, andre virksomheder eller enkeltpersoner til på Søfartsstyrelsens vegne at foretage syn af skibe, herunder at foretage beregninger, undersøgelser og

opmålinger af skibe, samt at udstede certifikater.

Stk. 2. Erhvervs- og vækstministeren kan på nærmere angivne vilkår autorisere

virksomheder eller enkeltpersoner til at foretage godkendelsesarbejde samt undersøgelser af og prøver med skibe, skibsudstyr og andre produkter, der skal være godkendt af

Søfartsstyrelsen.

History of Ship Classification

Bekendtgørelse af lov om sikkerhed til søs Klassifikationsselskaber m.v.

22. Stk. 3. Erhvervs- og vækstministeren kan fastsætte regler om anerkendelse af prøvninger og godkendelser m.v.

Stk. 4. Søfartsstyrelsen er ikke erstatningsansvarlig for fejl begået af de i stk. 1 og 2 nævnte autoriserede virksomheder m.v.

Stk. 5. Søfartsstyrelsen er ikke forpligtet til selv at udføre syn og foretage godkendelser, der er omfattet af en autorisation, som er udstedt i medfør af stk. 1 eller 2.

Stk. 6. Når der udstedes autorisation i medfør af stk. 1 eller 2, kan

Søfartsstyrelsen, såfremt den, der autoriseres, ønsker det, indgå aftale om begrænsning af den autoriseredes ansvar for skader, der indtræffer på grund af simpel uagtsomhed under udførelse af de opgaver, som autorisationen omfatter.

23. Erhvervs- og vækstministeren kan fastsætte regler om, at skibe med en længde på 45 m og derover skal være optaget i registeret hos et

autoriseret klassifikationsselskab.

15 - Ship Classification

What

s currently Out There?

Pieter Schelte Project (Allseas) Largest vessel to be built ever

Several LR offices involved in the design appraisal stage Any discipline covering classification as well as certification of equipment and components

Developments from 2010 on-wards

Life-saving equipment on board for 600 persons Pipelay Equipment

Type: Pipelay tower for J-lay and Reeling. J-lay: Quad joints, 32” OD Top tension 2000 t.

R-lay: 2 x 2,000 t reels capacity, 16” OD, 800 t top tension. A&R system: 2,000 t capacity.

Deep water lowering: 3,500 m water depth, active and passive system heave compensation up to 750 t.

Heavy Lift Crane

Type: Revolving mast type crane. Boom length: 125 m.

Capacity revolving: 4000 t between 17 m and 40 m radius; 1500 t at 78 m radius.

Lifting height: 96 m above main deck. Maximum radius: 79 m.

What

s currently Out There?

We have:

LR Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Ships: IMO Code for Recognised Organisation (RO Code)

EU Regulations etc.

Rules and Regulations Development

SOLAS II-2 regulation 4.2.1 limits the flashpoint of oil fuels to 60℃ or higher

SOLAS II-2 regulation 17: Alternative Design and

Arrangements

IGC – Safe carriage by sea of bulk liquefied gasses

Draft IGF Code

Lloyd’s Register Rules for the Classification of Natural Gas

Fuelled Ships (July 2012) Lloyd’s Register Rules for the

Carriage of Liquefied Gasses in Bulk

Resolution MSC 285(86) Interim Guidelines on Safety for Natural Gas-Fuelled Engine Installations in

Ships (2009)

Lloyd’s Register Rules for the Classification of Natural

Gas Fuelled Ships (July 2014)

Lloyd’s Register Rules for the Classification of Natural

Gas Fuelled Ships (July 2014)

IGF Code Current designs must comply with SOLAS,

MSC.285(86), LR Rules and National Administration requirements

What

s currently Out There?

Expectations !

• adopt technical solutions outside of prescriptive regimes • adopt a robust but affordable approach

• go beyond assuring safety through the Class process

• broader sustainability assurance covering also environmental and commercial outcomes

• qualification of novel technology or alternative arrangements • and more…

What’s Currently Out There?

• ~ 40 LNG-powered vessels in service

• Majority small ferries and off-shore support vessels • 70 % built/converted since 2009

• ~ 20 more in next 2 years

Lloyd’s Register Experience (excl. LNG-carriers):

• ARGONON (2011) – First dual fuel IWW tanker

VIKING GRACE (2013) – First SRTP gas-fuelled Ro-Pax

• GREENSTREAM (2013) – First gas only IWW tanker • 10+ other LNG as fuel projects

How Can LR Support You?

LR support during pre-contract and plan approval stages:

• Single point of contact

• Dedicated design development team • Spec. review

• JIP on Assessment of Risk Based Design (ARBD) • LR Technical Performance Group (TPG)

• All plan approval disciplines can be handled in China • Design familiarisation workshop with LR China

How Can LR Support You in Design Optimisation?

Requirements

Concept Design

Energy Efficiency Design

Optimisation (EEDO)

Energy Efficiency Operational

Optimisation (EEOO)

22 - Ship Classification

How Can LR Support You in Design Optimisation?

1. Optimised design

2. Define Performance goals

3. Naked hull lines

4. Study naked hull (full scale)

5. Propeller, rudder and appendages added

6. Study integrated hull (full scale)

7. Study naked hull (model scale) and integrated hull (full scale)

START

Considerations – Risk Based Designs

Stage 1 – Scoping Study

Stage 2 – Conceptual Design Hazard Identification Study (HAZID)

Stage 3 – Detailed Study(s)

Stage 4 – Detailed Design Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP)

Stages 1, 2 and 4

 simple designs with few/minor safety implications

Stages 1, 2, 3 and 4

The VIKING GRACE

• Built at STX Finland, Turku, delivered in 2013 • World’s largest gas-fuelled Ro-Pax ship

• Complying with ‘Safe-Return-To-Port’ regs. • Ice Class 1A Super

• 57,565 GT • Length 218 m • 2800 PAX/880 cabins • 1300 lm trailers + 500 lm cars • Wärtsilä 8L50DF engines, 30,400 kW • 21,8 knots • Type C tanks • Approx. 140 t LNG • Bunkering rate 320 m3/h

Flexibility in Design:

Novel Modular design and construction

• The ships vary in length from 94 to 132 metres.

• Can be configured to meet client specific needs and requirements.

• IHC Supporter™ class has standardised fore- and aft-ships, pre-designed modules and a

client-configured midship body.

• The midship can be fully client-defined or composed of pre-designed modules.

Result/Benefit

This allows a reduced lead time and ensures a lower price and a faster delivery of the vessel to the market.

Concept of the modular design

Flexibility in Operation:

Working in the ice and cold

• Ice breaking and

Ice management capability

• Double acting

• Winterisation to -35 degrees • Oil Recovery

• Rescue capacity 195 persons

What Challenges may the Future bring?

How to assess and manage Risk:

ISO 31000 Definition of Risk: ”The effect of uncertainty on

objectives”

Today a split responsibility/authority in shipping with:

1) Flag Administrations generally responsible for crew

competency standards and safe management

2) Class providing asset integrity services.

Conclusions

• Classification Societies have an important and growing role

• Ultimate goal is assurance of ships software in terms of operation and maintenance as well

as hardware i.e. from design & manufacturing to recycling

• The design challenges for ships will be resolved through active dialogue and participation

between stakeholders in the industry

• The alternative designs and arrangements mandated by SOLAS will lead to new and

perhaps very different future solutions

• Solutions will be ship type and trade route specific

• The driving factors are demand, supply, price, and political pressures • No matter what “Navigare necesse est”

Lloyd’s Register and variants of it are trading names of Lloyd’s Register Group Limited, its subsidiaries and affiliates.

Valdemar Ehlers

Area External Affairs Manager, Nordic & Western Europe Lloyd’s Register Marine

T +45 3296 1800 E valdemar.ehlers@lr.org Lloyd’s Register EMEA

Strandvejen 104A 2., DK-2900 Hellerup, Denmark

Working together for a safer world