Creating an Integrated
Business Continuity / Disaster
Recovery (BC/DR) Program
The material appearing in this presentation is for informational purposes only and is not legal or accounting advice. Communication of this information is not intended to create, and receipt does not constitute, a legal relationship, including, but not limited to, an accountant‐client relationship. Although these materials may have been prepared by professionals, they should not be used as a substitute for professional services. If legal, accounting, or other professional advice is required, the services of a professional should be sought.
December 3rd Agenda
• 8:30 to 9:00 Introduction • 9:00 to 10:00 Key Stages of BC Management • 10:00 to 10:10 Break • 10:10 to 11:00 Planning and Analysis • 11:00 to 11:30 Emergency Procedures • 11:30 to 12:00 Plan Development • 12:00 to 1:00 LunchDecember 3rd Agenda
• 1:00 to 1:30 Awareness and Training • 1:30 to 2:00 Plan Activation • 2:00 to 2:30 Ongoing maintenance • 2:30 to 2:40 Break • 2:40 to 3:10 Crisis Communication • 3:10 to 3:40 Introduction to Exercises • 3:40 to 4:10 Emerging trends • 4:10 to 4:30 Wrap up“What we learn from history is
that people don’t learn from
history”
Business Continuity / Disaster Recovery
Introductions
• Name • Organization • Existing Role • Explain how you became involved in BC/DR • Fun Fact / PositiveIt all starts with you!
Key Stages of BC Management
The Framework for Crisis Management
Landscape Survey Strategic Planning Crisis Management Operational Learning The Internal Landscape Internal Crisis Threats Plan for potential crisis events Managing internal stakeholders during a crisis What can we learn The external Landscape External Crisis Threats External planning that could help Managing external stakeholders during a crisis What learning is taking place outside our organizationThe Life Cycle of a Crisis
Myers • Normal Operations • Prevention practices • Emergency Response • Activities during the first hours • Interim Processing • Temporary procedures are set up • Restoration • Transition back to normal Pearson and Mitroff (1993) • Signal detection • Begins with some form of warnings • Preparation/prevention • Forming the crisis management team and plan of action • Containment/Damage limitation • Managing the crisis • Recovery • Attempts to resume activities • Learning • Reflecting on what can be learned• Business Continuity * • A program which develops, exercises and maintains plans to enable the organization to: • Respond to a disruption with minimum harm to life and resources; • Recover, resume and restore functions within time frames which ensure continuing viability; and • Provide crisis communications to all stakeholders. • Business Continuity Plan* • Process of developing and documenting arrangements and procedures that enable an organization to respond to an even that lasts for an unacceptable period of time and return to performing its critical functions after an interruption.
What is a Business Continuity Plan?
A Business Continuity Program:
• Is Not a project • Is Not a one‐time task • Is Not for a fixed length of time Must be an on‐going, living program that consists of several interdependent and reiterative projectsBC Program Purpose
• Protect your • People • Information • Operations • OrganizationBC Program Objectives
• Keep everyone safe • Ensure continuity and survival of organization • Provide protection of assets • Mitigate risks and exposures • Provide preventative measures • Take control of any business interruptionWhy is a BCM Program Important?
• Safeguards human life • Minimizes confusion and enables effective decisions in a time of crisis • Reduces dependency on specific personnel • Minimizes loss of data, revenue, customers • Facilitates timely recovery of business functions • Maintains public image and reputationA BCM Program Will Answer…
• What is a disaster? • When do the impacts begin? • How much loss can be tolerated? • What are the options? • How to reestablish business functions? • What will a recovery capability cost? • How much is enough?What is a Disaster?
Natural • Earthquakes • Floods • Storms Man‐Made • Power outages • Sprinkler system bursts • Crime • Equipment sabotage Technological • Database corruption • Viruses • Internet worms Sudden, calamitous event that brings great damage, loss or destruction. (Source: Merriam‐Webster dictionary)Business Continuity Definitions
• Disaster Recovery* – The process of returning a business function to a state of normal operations either at an interim minimal survival level and/or re‐establishing full‐ scale operations • Risk Controls* – All methods of reducing the frequency and/or severity of losses including exposure avoidance, loss prevention, loss reduction, segregation of exposure units and non‐insurance transfer of riskDisaster Response
• Disaster* ‐ A sudden, unplanned calamitous event causing great damage or loss. • An event that compromises an organization’s ability to provide critical functions, processes, or services for some unacceptable period of time • An event where an organization’s management invokes their recovery plans. * Disaster Recovery Journal, Definitions can be found at www.disasterrecoveryjournel.com Then • Protect the assets • IT department Now • Protect critical business processes • Mission Critical functionsBusiness Continuity Definitions (Cont’d)
• Emergency Response Plan* – a documented plan usually addressing the immediate reaction and response to an emergency situation • Loss* – unrecoverable resources that are redirected or removed as a result of a Business Continuity event. Such losses may be loss of life, revenue, market share, competitive stature, public image, facilities, or operational capability. * Disaster Recovery Journal, Definitions can be found at www.disasterrecoveryjournel.comBusiness Continuity Problem Statement
• Internal or external event interrupts one or more of your business processes
• Time – length of interruption – causes situation to become a disaster
• The financial impact caused by the event
What is Risk Assessment?
• Process of identifying the risks to an organization • Assesses the critical functions necessary for an organization to continue business operations • Defines the controls in place to reduce organization exposure • Evaluates the cost for such controls • Often involves an evaluation of the probabilities of a particular event occurringPurpose of Risk Assessment
• To determine events, probabilities and environmental surroundings that can adversely affect the organization and its facilities with disruption and disaster and the controls needed to prevent or minimize the effects of potential loss • To provide a cost‐benefit analysis to justify investment in controls to mitigate risksCause and Effect Relationship
Threat
Vulnerability
Risk
Asse
ts
Identify Risk Events
Fire Whole building fire Fire limited to one floor Fire in basement mailroom Low probability High severity Medium probability Medium severity Medium probability High severityIdentify Risk Event Probability
More than once every 5 years “I remember the last time this happened…” High Once every 5 to 25 years “I saw something similar in the papers recently…” “I know someone this happened to…” Medium Less than once every 25 years “This could happen, but it would be a freak event…” LowRisk Analysis & Exposure Estimation
Low 100 x 0.1 = 10 Low 50 x 0.5 = 5 Low 10 x 0.1 = 1 Low (0.1) Medium 100 x 0.5 = 50 Medium 50 x 0.5 = 25 Low 10 x 0.5 = 5 Medium (0.5) High 100 x 1.0 = 100 Medium 50 x 1.0 = 50 Low 10 x 1.0 = 10 High (1.0) High (100) Medium (50) Low (10)Impact
Thr e at Lik e lihood Risk‐Level MatrixRisk Scale: High = 51 to 100 Medium = 11 to 50
Identify Risk Event Impact
Periodic reduction in service Low Intermittent total loss of service, or serious reduction in service Medium No service available at all High Service disruption for less than 0.5 days Service disruption for between 0.5 and 3 days Service disruption for more than 3 days Impacts a number of individuals Impacts one business function Impacts many business functions Availability Duration SpreadTypes of Controls
•
Physical controls
• Fire suppression/sprinkler systems • Access control systems • Security guards•
Procedural controls
• Hiring and termination policies • Clean desk policy • Document receiptingBusiness Impact Analysis (BIA)
• Purpose – To help organizations identify the business units, operations and processes essential to the survival of the business. • Considerations: Life or death situation Potential for significant loss of revenue Obligations to external parties may be jeopardized • RTO – Recovery time objective • RPO– Recovery point objective • Critical for determining the order and priority of system recoveryWhat is a BIA?
• A process designed to • Document critical business functions and workflow, • Determine the qualitative and quantitative impacts of a disruption, and • Prioritize and establish recovery time objectivesRole of the BIA
• Documents potential quantitative and qualitative impacts to the organization should a disaster occur • Defines financial impacts and cost per unit of downtime ‐ RTO/RPO • Identifies interdependencies • Defines inputs and outputs for the critical processes • Documents legal, regulatory and contractual requirements • Determines vital records and documents exposures• The deadline at which pre‐defined critical functions or processes must be restored (to defined minimal levels of operation) to prevent severe impact to the business Severe Business Impact or Out of Business
Recovery Time Objective (RTO)
Business Impact Analysis (BIA)
• Identify, categorize & prioritize
• Critical functions
BIA (Cont’d)
• Assess impacts and effects of disruptions over time • Determine loss exposure over timeBIA (Cont’d)
• Identify business processes • Interrelationships • Dependencies • Validate informationPurpose of a BIA
• Defines the reasons for establishing a Business Continuity Program and developing plans • Communicates the inherent vulnerabilities of the business units, business processes and systems you are trying to protect • Provide information to identify and develop recovery strategies • Legal and regulatory complianceObjectives of a BIA
• Determine when exposures and impacts begin • Determine and assess the impacts over time • Identify potential financial exposures and impacts • Provide financial data to define exposures and determine appropriate levels of BCM investmentObjectives of a BIA (Cont’d)
• Establish RTOs • Identify resources required to meet RTOs • Technology • Personnel • Infrastructure • Vendor support • Establish RPOs • Determine acceptable data loss • Define procedures to recover lost data or transactionsObjectives of a BIA (Cont’d)
• Establish BCM time line and recovery objectives • Determine order of recovery and acceptable service levels • Categorize groupings of recovery priorities • Establish the value of each business unit as it relates to the total organizationRespond/Stabilize/Manage/Recover Normalize
Event ‐ Response Recover Normal
Re co ve r‐ Re st o re ‐Re su m e
Life‐Safety Shelter in PlaceEvacuate
Provide Emergency Care
Emergency Response
Property Protection/ Physical Security Technology OrganizationLife Safety Systems
• Centralized systems and procedures • Fire detection systems • Smoke or heat sensors • Fire suppression systems • Gas (Halon 1301, FM‐200, Novec 1230) • Water (sprinklers, hoses) • Procedures • Prevention (good housekeeping, welding restrictions, etc.) • Notification • Public address system • Signal lights (strobes) • Warning sounds (annunciators, klaxons)Life Safety Procedures
• Emergency evacuation • Run away to safety • Pre‐defined rally points • Evacuation outside of established areas • Hazardous material spill • Flooding/Severe weather • Martial Law situations • Shelter in place • Move to predetermined locationsProperty Protection/Physical Security
• Mission: protect • Employees • Physical plant assets • Facilities • Equipment • Intellectual property of organization • Vital records Security measures should be increased during any event that compromises normal operationsProperty Protection Components
• Identify all critical operations • Utilities • Security and alarm systems • Manufacturing equipment • Pollution control equipment • Communication systems • Data and voice • Transportation systemsProperty Protection Components (Cont’d)
• Activities during disaster/event • Contact emergency response providers • Assist employees as needed (i.e. evacuation) • Containment activities after disaster • Secure Area • Facility Stabilization • Limit access by non‐authorized personnel • Physical security of entry • Storage, roof, and mechanical areas • Securing access to the outdoor air intakes of the building HVAC systemProperty Protection Systems
• Determine needs for systems to detect abnormal situations, provide warning and protect property • Fire protection • Lightning protection • Water‐level monitoring • Access and monitoring • Emergency power • Automatic shutoffs • Overflow detectionProperty Protection Procedures
• Establish procedures for • Shutting down the building • Closing or barricading doors and windows • Covering/securing equipment • Moving equipment to a safe place • Identify & stock backup equipment, parts, and supplies • Identify and label all hazardous materials containersProtecting Your Technology
• Responsible for: • Providing automated and technology services to organization • Backing up data on a regular basis • Recovering “lost” data and/or services • Restoring services if they become impairedProtecting Your Technology (Cont’d)
• Ensure that key technicians, operators and personnel are familiar with all systems • Establish orderly shutdown procedures • Establish procedures for restoring systems • Determine need for backup systems • Establish preventative maintenance schedules for all systems and equipmentImplementation Procedures
• Identify command and control requirements • Emergency Operations Center • Command and decision authority roles • Communication options/tools • Manage incident command center • Establish liaison with external agencies • Establish procedures with service providersImplementation Procedures (Cont’d)
• Creating the Emergency Response Plan • Purpose of plan: • To prevent or limit personnel injury • To limit damage to physical assets • To protect organizational viabilityImplementation Procedures (Cont’d)
• Documented emergency response plan • Update, publish, and distribute emergency procedures manual to the teamsPeriodically review and audit
the life safety systems and
procedures for all properties
Implementation Procedures (Cont’d)
• Emergency response plan elements • Escalation, notification, and plan activation • Emergency response team responsibilities • Reporting/Notification procedures • Emergency procedures • Recovery teams – responsibilities and procedures • Plan maintenance procedures • Recommended testing proceduresEmergency Response Plan (ERP)
• Evacuation • Workplace Violence • Shelter‐in‐Place • Medical Emergency • Bomb Threat • Sniper • Cyber AttackERP Elements
• Purpose • Definitions • Key contact information • Roles/Responsibilities • Procedures/Strategies • Assembly areas • Description/Location of Life Safety Sys. • Call Tress • Site SchematicsPurpose of an ERP
• To identify the components of the planning process including: • Planning methodology • Plan organization • Implementing the plan • Documenting the plan • To develop processes to maintain the currency of continuity capabilities and the plan document in accordance with the organization’s strategic directionObjectives of an ERP
• To review terminology, DRI International approved plan definitions, address BCM planning approaches,
elements and components, and discuss plan document structure
• To explore the planner’s role in conducting plan audits, plan maintenance programs, and BCM plan document control
ERP Contents
• Objectives & Requirements • Teams & Tasks • Emergency Procedures • Crisis Communication Procedures • Coordinating with External Agencies • Plan Activation Procedures • Plan DocumentationBCM
Plan
building which The site and accommodates part or all of the organization, and where some or all of the processes are conducted. Employees, visitors, consultants, contractors, vendors, customers, suppliers, etc.Business Continuity Management Plan Elements
Sales, Manufacturing, Distribution, Accounting, Payroll, HR, Customer Service, etc.Types of Plans
• Business Continuity • Focus on critical process • Core competencies • Key personnel • RTOs & RPOs • Alternate location(s) • Command & control • Vital records protection • Data security • Workarounds & interim operations • Disaster Recovery • Focus on restoring technology & business infrastructure • Critical systems restoration • RTOs & RPOs • Vital records recovery • Data recovery • Recovery sitesTypes of Plans (Cont’d)
• Crisis Management • Focus on strategic leadership • Executive protection, response and succession • Public relations/legal • Employee death or injury • Product tampering • Hostile take‐overs • Emergency Response • Managed by operational personnel • Focus on people and property • Escalation procedures • Notification procedures • Life safety procedures • Physical security procedures • Technology or war room proceduresTypes of Plans (Cont’d)
• COOP • Focused on government bodies • Department and agency levels • Similar to BCM, inserts COOP for BCP • Includes management support policy (PDD 67) • Business Unit • Focuses on the business unit • Identifies critical process/function • Defines key personnel/resources • Needs to be integrated with overall organizational planSuccessful Plans
• Clear and concise • Coordinated with suppliers & vendors • Senior management support/organization commitment • On‐going/part of strategic effort • Appropriate budget • Retention, backups, & off‐site storage program • Fully documented & exercised regularly • Risks are managed • Vulnerabilities are prioritized • Flexible and adaptableMethods of Building Plans
•
Quick plan
• Initial protection and capabilities•
Comprehensive plan
• Fill in the gaps • Add capabilities • More detailed procedures•
Maintained plans
Document the Plan
• Who is going to do it? • How are you going to do it? • Conveying organizational program information • Defining specific plan detail • Structure of plan document • Standardize plan documentsDocument the Plan (Cont’d)
• Primary – writes the plan • They do it every day • Secondary – edits the draft procedures • They will question every step they don’t understand • Tertiary – approves draft plan • Manager of areaBusiness Continuity Planning Methods
•
In‐House
•
Contract –Turn Key
• All work is done for you by vendor or consultants•
Combination
• Organization and the vendor or consultants work together to develop and maintain planOutsourcing BC Plan
• Risks vs. rewards • Knowledge transfer • Specific expertise • Broader BCP experience • Focus on strategies and plans • Ownership & commitment • Availability and response • Knowledge of organization • Driven by contractual objectivesCan someone else perform the service better,
more efficiently, or more economically than you?
Relationship Between Strategic,
Operational, and Tactical Planning
Declaration of a Disaster
• Criteria for invoking the disaster recovery plan Severe disruption to service Potential for major data loss Data security may have been compromised • Initiating the call tree process Disaster Recovery Coordinator starts the notification and activates the other teams involved in the recovery effort Business unit managers responsible for notifying their teams • Get the word out! (external website & intranet if both available, local media)Crisis Phases
Crisis Phases
End of the Crisis Landscape Survey & Strategic Planning Communicating Monitoring Delegating Prioritizing Planning Organizational Learning Situation Assessment Decision Making Team CoordinationChanging Roles
Day‐to‐Day Operations • Normal company organization • Business as usual • Steering Committee • Business Managers During a Crisis • Business Continuity Organization • Survival of time sensitive operations • Emergency Management Committee • Team Leaders report to EMTWhat Type of Leadership Style during a Crisis?
• Autocratic Leadership • Participative (democratic) Leadership • Free‐rein Leadership • Autocratic Leadership – which means making managerial decisions without consulting others. This necessary in situations when absolute followership is needed. • IC makes decision and announces it • IC “sells” decision • IC presents ideas and invites questions Nickels, McHugh and McHugh, Understanding Business, 9thedition, McGraw‐Hill Irwin, 20107 Lessons for Leading in Crisis*
• Face Reality, Starting with Yourself • Don’t be Atlas, Get the World Off Your Shoulders • Dig Deep for the Root Cause • Get Ready for the Long Haul • Never Waste a Good Crisis • You’re in the Spotlight: Follow True North • Go on Offense, Focus on Winning Now *George, Bill, 7 Lessons for Leading in Crisis, Jossey‐Bass, A Wiley Imprint, San Francisco, CA, 2009Change Management
• Evolving business environment • Competition, a declining economy, technological change, and pressure to preserve the natural environment • Managing change has become a critical managerial function • Some organizations have been set up to facilitate management than to please customers • Developing rules and regulations to give managers control over employees • Change Agent approach • CEO/General Managers must create an environment of continual reinvention • Short term disturbances: anxiety, confusion, and poorer financial resultsChange Management (Cont’d)
• Plan, Do, Check, Act – continuous improvement • Develop a new strategy and implement • Understand Porter’s Five Forces • Identify a Change Manager • Communicate, Communicate, Communicate • Continually show the vision of the future • Meet regularly with stakeholders and beat the drum of change • Reward the employees who embrace changeSteps to Sizing up any Situation
• Gather facts • Assess Damage • Consider Probabilities • Assess Your Situation • Establish Priorities • Make Decisions • Develop Plans of Action • Take Action • Evaluate ProgressEmergency Management Functions
• Command (Direction) and Control • Crisis Communications • Life Safety • Property Protection • Community (Stakeholder) Outreach • Recovery and Restoration • Administration and LogisticsFunction: Command and Control
The system for managing resources, analyzing information and making decisions in an emergency is called direction and control. • Emergency Management Committee (EMC) • Incident Command System (ICS) • Emergency Operations Center (EOC) • Planning Considerations • Security • Coordination of Outside ResponseCommand and Control
• A legal basis for the establishment of the emergency management organization, the implementation of an emergency management program, and continuity of government exists in local law/ordinance and is consistent with State statutes concerning emergency management. • The organization has a method for identifying and evaluating natural, technological, and human‐caused threats within its jurisdiction. • The organization has established a pre‐ disaster hazard mitigation program. • The organization has the human resources required to carry out assigned responsibilities. • 1. Laws and Authorities • 2. Risk Analysis • 3. Hazard Mitigation • 4. Resource ManagementCommand and Control
• The organization has developed a comprehensive mitigation plan and an EOP. • EOP operating procedures are developed and tested annually. • Communications system capabilities are established. • The organization has developed procedures for conducting needs and damage assessments, requesting disaster assistance, and conducting a range of response functions • 5. Planning • 6. Direction, Control, and Coordination • 7. Communication • 8. Operations and ProceduresCommand and Control (Cont’d)
• 9. Logistics and Facilities • 10. Training/Safety training • 11. Exercises, Evaluations, and Corrective Actions • The primary and alternate EOC have the capabilities to sustain emergency operations for the duration of the emergency and have developed logistics management and operations plans. • The organization conducts an annual training to all personnel with assigned emergency management responsibilities. • The jurisdiction has established an emergency management exercises program, exercises the EOP on an annual basis, and incorporates an evaluation component and corrective action program.• 12. Public Education and Information • 13. Finance and Administration • An emergency preparedness public education program is established, procedures are established for disseminating and managing emergency public information in a disaster, and procedures are developed for establishing and operating a Joint Information Center (JIC). • The jurisdiction has established an administrative system for day‐to‐day operations.
Command and Control (Cont’d)
ERP Activation Levels
Major Incident Minor Incident Minor adverse impact ID, mobilize additional staff Pre‐Positioning Imminent event with pre‐warning ID assigned, Logistics and Information Incident Monitoring Heightened alert Incident Director assignedDefinitions
• Awareness • Awareness is knowing or reality • Awareness implies you have knowledge of something through alertness or observing or interpolating what you see, hear, feel, etc. • Training • Training is to provide schooling using a process or method • Repetition to achieve desired results • Train ‐ to instruct so as to make proficient or qualified*ERP Training/Awareness
• Training • CPR/AED Training • Safety Training • Fire Drills • Emergency Notifications • Awareness Programs • Staff Awareness Open House • E‐mail Communications • National Preparedness Month (Sept)The “Case” for Awareness & Training
• Human error accounts for a significant degree of loss • Training employees shows that the organization has taken a standard of due care • Supports the mission of the organization • Demonstrates organizational commitmentThe “Case” for Awareness & Training (Cont’d)
• Reminds people of basic security practices • Knowledge of the vulnerabilities and viable risks allows employees to implement better procedures • If employees are not aware or trained on these vulnerabilities and risks, they cannot be held expected to demonstrate accountability • Orients new employees to BCM programThe “Case” for Awareness & Training (Cont’d)
• Raises awareness of the risks of downtime due to business interruption • Visibility – lets people know who you are and what you doPurpose of Awareness Programs
• Increase knowledge and awareness on how to prepare for and respond to emergency situations that impact: • The organization • A facility or location • Employees, contractors & visitorsPurpose of Training Programs
• Knowing how to protect the organization and how to respond to an event will increase the chances for survival • Making employees aware of the risks to the organization and the impact of those risks • Making employees aware of the plans in place to protect them from a disaster • Training employees how to respond during a disasterProgram Outline
• Who will develop the BCM awareness and training program for your organization? • What are the organizational BCM awareness and training needs? • Define a target audienceProgram Outline (Cont’d)
• Create the Vision • “To minimize the impact of emergencies and natural disasters on the organization and its employees.” • Define the Mission • “To provide the organization and its employees with the training and resources to meet this vision.”Program Outline, (Cont’d)
• Set goals and objectives • Identify specific actions individuals will be encouraged to take • Identify the existing organizational capabilities and determine the need for modificationsProgram Outline (Cont’d)
• Develop key message • Logo & slogan • Implementing the program • Match activities with target audience • How will it be funded? • Identify challenges • Measure progressBCM Awareness Program Topics
1. Components of Business Continuity Plan 2. Importance of Business Continuity Plans 3. Who are the Business Continuity Plan coordinators 4. Where BC plan information can be found 5. When the BC plan is exercised / invoked 6. How the BC plan is exercised / invokedTypes of Awareness Activities
• Kick off day • Annual presentation to senior management on state of program • Orientation for new employees • BCM Awareness Week • Design a website • Videos/DVDPromoting Awareness
• Newsletters • Posters, Signs, Stickers • Personal Memo from CEO, CIO, or Director • Pamphlets and brochures • Pay check inserts • Information packages • Surveys • Calendars • Safety Kits • Display boothsPrint materials
BCM Training Program Topics
• All personnel should be responsible for: • Recognizing and reporting an emergency • Warning other employees in the area • Taking security and safety measures • Location and use of common emergency equipmentBCM Training Program Topics
• Role in execution of BC plan • Function‐specific training • Hazardous materials • Safety & security • Emergency response procedures • Pre‐exercise training • BCM software trainingBCM Training Program Topics
• Individual roles and responsibilities • Notification procedures • Escalation procedures • Evacuation, shelter, and accountability proceduresTypes of Training Activities
• Computer • Classroom • Exercise based • External to organization • Organization‐wide campaignTypes of Training Activities
• Exercise based • Tabletop exercises • Walk‐through drills • Functional drills • Evacuation drills • Full‐scale exercisesBusiness Technology Training Plan Review & Updates Exercise Awareness
BCM Maintenance Activities
Maintenance Objective
• To evaluate consistency within the plan, between the plan and other aspects of the overall program, and between the plans and the current characteristics of the organization
Plan Review & Audit Methodology
• Audits • Business continuity planner responsibilities • Assist auditor • Auditor responsibilities • Set audit objectives and scope • Assess and select audit method • Audit administrative aspects of the BCM program • Audit plan structure, content, and action sections • Audit plan documentation control proceduresPlan Review & Audit Methodology (Cont’d)
• A plan review should involve • Key staff of that plan • Participants becoming familiar with the plan document • Participants validate that the plan represents strategies and objectives • Participants revealing gaps, oversights, and mistakesPlan Review & Audit Methodology (Cont’d)
• Should address (minimum) • Personnel and assigned recovery tasks • Personnel and contact numbers • Text (recovery procedure) changes • Back‐up process and what is included • Periodic reviews with known deadlines • Where input can be made to review processGoals
• Efficient or effective? • Is your goal to be efficient? • Maintaining the plan by doing the job on time and as expected • Is your goal to be effective? • Doing the right thing vs doing the job rightObjectives
• Does your plan measure up? • Is it accurate, thorough, and complete? • Is it logical and make suitable assumptions? • Does it support the resumption of necessary information systems and business processes within appropriate timeframes? • Are management, personnel, and other stakeholders capable of executing plan?Objectives (Cont’d)
• Is the structure of plan correct? • Is plan and supporting documentation valid? • Do the assumptions and scope match the contents? • Is the team structure and members current? • Are the roles, responsibilities, and tasks current and executable? • Is the plan integrated and does it support any dependent plans and the overall organizational objectives?Maintenance Responsibilities
• Who should review plan? • Business continuity staff • Auditors • Plan owners/dept. chair • Teams • Senior management • OtherMaintenance Responsibilities (Cont’d)
• Examples • BCM planner directs and controls plan maintenance • Team members are responsible for team sections • Department heads are responsible for detail relating to their department • Senior management review and approve plan • Internal audit examines plan to determine if it satisfies recovery objectives of organization, is accurate, and up‐to‐ dateMaintenance Schedule
• Develop plan maintenance schedule • Scheduled • Time‐driven • Scheduled at decided time intervals • Unscheduled • Event‐driven • Result of major changes to organization – Personnel – Responsibilities – EquipmentMaintaining Plans
• Maintain the plan • Select tools • Monitor activities • Establish update process • Audit and controlSources of Change Information
• Exercise results • Organization directives, announcements, internal messages, strategic business meetings • Regularly scheduled meetings with recovery team leaders • Change management meetingsChange Factors
• Changes in • Procedure • Organizational structure • Personnel • Physical • Technology • Recovery requirements • Testing issuesChange Factors (Cont’d)
• Tracking changes helps to • Carry out more effective reviews • Hold more effective exercises • Point to areas of plan that need closer attention • Develop scenarios for exercisesUpdating Plans
• Generate change management items from incident logs • Assign updating task to accountable individual • Set due date for update • Validate that update is completed • Ensure changes required by exercise results are implemented • Ensure next exercise includes issues indicated by previous resultsPlan Document Control Procedures
• Establish procedures for plan document control • Version control of all documents • Assign document ownership • Assign numbers to each recovery document • Assign each numbered document to specific team memberPlan Document Control Procedures
(Cont’d)
• Page replacement • Chapter replacement • Plan replacement • Old materials should be returned and destroyedPlan Document Control Procedures
(Cont’d)
• Confidential information • Security and control • Master distribution list • Version identification number • Record recipient on distribution list • Full copies to all team managers • Partial copies to othersDate Team Name Member Name Plan Number Storage Location Signature
Document Control Log
BCM Program Maintenance
• Should incorporate all levels of the organization and include Policies Guidelines Standards & procedures Awareness/Training Testing/ExercisingPlan review & updates Multi-year schedule
Multi-year budget
Evaluation criteria & measures
Crisis Communication
What is Crisis Communication?
• Effective and managed communication about an event or occurrence that can impact people, organizations, and communities • Simple • Direct • HonestCrisis Communication Objectives
• To identify crisis communication plan elements • To identify strategies to effectively communicate with all groupsCommunication Plan Elements
• During a crisis • How will you communicate with different audiences? • Who will communicate with the different audiences? • What needs to be communicated to the different audiences?Communication Plan Elements
• Public relations policy and procedures • Organizational profile with detail on core offerings • Reference files on potential crises • Call & emergency contact lists • Designated spokesperson(s) • Media directory • Media contact logAudiences Affected by Crises
Internal Groups
BoD, senior management, steering committee, spokesperson, employees, stakeholders, retirees
External Groups
Customers, vendors, contractors, suppliers, unions
External Agencies
Government, regulators, emergency response organizations
Community
Public, neighbors, special interest groups
Identify Your Audience
• How do I select what to say to whom? • Who needs to know? • What do they need to know? • When do they need to know it?Establish Spokesperson(s)
• Match target audience with appropriate spokesperson • Senior management • Employees • Stakeholders • Media • External groups/agencies • CommunitySources of Information
• Facilities • Structure and plant issues • Business units • Data processing equipment • Business related issues • Level of damage • Risk management / insurance • Cost estimates to repair • Insurance adjustor • Damage assessment team • Report of condition of facility and contents • Security • Building contents • Life safety issues • Human Resources • Injuries • Employee issues • Special servicesKey Messages
• Clear and easy to comprehend • Repeated constantly • Integrated with messages sent to other audiences • Consistent • Be up front regarding confidential information • Speak to the specific audiences’ concerns • Use personal language and acknowledge emotions • Appreciate the individuality of responsesKey Messages
• Have answers to: • What happened? • Were there deaths or injuries? • What is the extent of the damage? • Why did it happen? • Who or what is responsible? • What is being done? • When will it be over? • What would you say to those affected?Methods of Communication
• Direct mailings • Telephone calls • 1‐800 hotlines • Newsletters • Web sites • Conference calls to investors • Email • Employee meetings • Public meetings • Paid advertisements • Prepared statements • Press briefings &Prepared Statements
• 5 w’s • Clear and concise • Name of organization • Date • Time • Number sequence • For more information…Mistakes to Avoid
• Don’t… • Be timid • Guess or speculate • Stick to a story if it has changed • Wear sunglasses, chew gum, or smoke • Get trapped into making predictions • LieWhy Exercise?
• Exercises give entities, communities, and regions a set of essential tools to prevent, prepare for, respond to and recover from disasters. • Exercising encompasses people handling the following activities: 1) evacuation procedures, 2) incident notification, 3) familiarity with alternate locations, interim procedures and manual processes • Testing, not to be confused with Exercises, involves equipment, technologies and durable goodsReasons for Conducting Exercises
Key Concept: Exercise • (n) Something performed or practiced in order to develop, improve, or display a specific power skill. • (v) To practice in order to train, strengthen, or develop ‐Merriam‐Webster’s Dictionary Exercises improve readiness by: • Providing a way to evaluate operations and plans • Reinforce teamwork • Demonstrating a community’s resolve to prepare for disastrous and catastrophic events.Exercise Main Goals
Exercises help: • Test and evaluate plans, policies and procedures • Identify strengths and shortfalls • Improve organizational coordination and communications • Find resource gaps • Train personnel in roles and responsibilities • Improve individual (and team) performance • Satisfy regulatory requirementsThe Building Block Approach
There are seven types of exercises in the building block approach. Discussion • Seminar – involves brief discussion of preparedness strategies and goals. • Workshops – is a formal discussion‐based exercise led by a facilitator or presenter, used to build or achieve a product. • Tabletop Exercise – involves senior staff or other key personnel in a informal group discussion centered on a hypothetical scenario. • Games – a simulation of operations using rules, data, and procedures designed to depict an actual or assumed real‐life situation. Operations • Drills – is a supervised activity that tests a specific operation or function of a single agency. • Full‐Scale Exercise – (FES) is a high‐stress multi‐entities, multi‐jurisdictional activity involving actual deployment of resources in a coordinated response, asIncident Command System (ICS)
• Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) defines the Incident Command System (ICS) as a standardized, on‐scene, all‐hazards incident management approach that: • Allows for the integration of facilities, equipment, personnel, procedures, and communications. • Enables a coordinated response among various groups, both public and private. • Establishes common processes for planning and managing resources.ICS (Cont’d)
• Can be used to manage an emergency incident or non‐emergency event • Can be used for both small and large events or situations • System has considerable internal flexibility • System can grow or shrink to meet differing needs • Cost effective & efficient management systemICS (Cont’d)
• ICS is flexible and can be used for incidents of any type, scope, and complexity. • ICS is used by all levels of government, nongovernmental organizations and the private sector. • As a system, ICS is extremely useful; not only does it provide an organizational structure for incident management, but it also guides the process for planning, building, and adapting that structure.ICS Structure
Logistics Section Finance/ Administration Section OperationsSection Planning Section
Incident Command Public Information Officer Safety Officer Liaison Officer Command Staff: The Command Staff provide Information, Safety, and Liaison services for the entire organization.
General Staff:
The General Staff are assigned functional authority for Operations, Planning, Logistics, and Finance/Administration.
FEMA Training
• IS‐100: Introduction to ICS • IS‐200: ICS for Single Resources and Initial Action Incidents • IS‐700: Introduction to the National Incident Management System • IS‐800‐B: National Response Framework • ICS‐300, 400: Advance ICS (Classroom only)
FEMA Independent Study Courses
The State of Business Continuity
Preparedness*
• Risk officers are finally getting involved with BC/DR • BC Programs do not always report to C‐Level • BC funding will stay the same, IT departments are receiving more dollars • Most conduct Threat Assessments and BIAs • BC are becoming Scenario based *Market Study done by Forrester Research and Disaster Recovery Journal in 2014.The State of Business Continuity
Preparedness* (Cont’d)
• Exercising is not occurring regularly • BC is not taking an active role throughout the organization • Companies use a mix of strategies • Invocations are frequent • Everyone wants to know if you’re ready *Market Study done by Forrester Research and Disaster Recovery Journal in 2014.Questions/Answers
Contact:
Dennis V. Rose, MBA, CBCP 512‐652‐7731
Resources
• Disaster Recovery Journal – drj.com
• DRII the Institute for Continuity Management – drii.org
• Moss Adams BC/DR Consulting Group –
Creating an Integrated
Business Continuity / Disaster Recovery (BC/DR) Program
December 4th Agenda
• 8:30 to 9:00 Overview from the first day • 9:00 to 10:00 Cyber Security Introduction • 9:40 to 10:00 Introduction to Exercises • 10:00 to 10:10 Break • 10:10 to 11:30 Mock Exercise • 11:30 to 11:50 Hot Wash • 11:50 to 12:00 Wrap‐UpLessons Learned
• Understand the risks and business impact facing your organization • Establish Command and Control through ICS • Stay ahead of Crisis Communications • Establish before hand communication with the department heads…open communication • Provide After Action reports • Provide Awareness and Training • Exercise, Exercise, ExerciseSummary
• Prepare yourself and your family…visit ready.gov • Crises have life cycles, and understanding what occurs before a crisis commences is important to helping preventing it. • This information you have been presented has provided you with a general background on ICS. • Be the change you want to happen in the organization • Business Continuity is Strategic PlanningIntroductions
Kevin Villanueva, CISA, CISSP, PCI QSA Senior Manager – Moss Adams Advisory Services IT Security and Infrastructure Practice Leader • 18+ years of IT consulting and cybersecurity experience • BS, Business Administration, Pepperdine University • Certified Information Systems Auditor (CISA) • Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) • Payment Card Industry Qualified Security Assessor (PCI QSA) • Practice areas include cybersecurity assessments; penetration testing; PCI DSS and HIPAA compliance auditing; strategic technology planning; disaster recovery and business continuity planning, policy and procedure development • Dozens of IT Security Assessments over the years for large and small clients, including Microsoft, RingCentral, ESCO Corporation, Multnomah County, Portland State University, Sound Transit, KingAgenda
• Cybersecurity Framework Basics
• Attacks Against Critical Infrastructure Entities • Cybersecurity Framework Key Controls