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S

ELECTIVE

L

ASER

S

INTERING

(

SLS)

ISAVERYEXCITINGTECHNOLOGYWHICHDIRECTLY FUSESPARTICLESTOGETHERLAYERBYLAYER

,

THROUGHAHIGHENERGYPULSELASER

.

S

IMILARTO

SLA,

THISPROCESSSTARTSWITHATANKFULLOFBULKMATERIAL

,

BUTTHISTIMEIN POWDERFORM

.

A

STHEPRINTCONTINUES

,

THEBEDLOWERSITSELFFOREACHNEWLAYERASDONE INTHE

SLS

PROCESS

.

O

VERHANGSARENATURALLYSUPPORTEDBYTHEEXCESSBULKPOWDER MATERIALMAKINGTHOSEFEATURESMUCHMORESIMPLETOPRINTTHANUSING

FDM.

T

HEBULK MATERIALISTYPICALLYHEATEDTOJUSTUNDERITSTRANSITIONTEMPERATURETOALLOWFORFASTER PARTICLEFUSIONANDPRINTMOVES

.

SLS

ISTHEPREFERREDRAPID

-

PROTOTYPINGMETHODOF METALSANDEXOTICMATERIALS

,

HOWEVER

,

THEREAREADDITIONALCOSTSINENERGYUSEDFOR FABRIC

FABRICATINGWITHTHISMETHODWHICHMAYREVERSEANYSAVINGSREALIZEDINTHEMATERIALCOST

.

S

TEREOLITHOGRAPHY

(

SLA)

ISANOTHEREXAMPLEOF BUILDINGAMODELLAYERBYLAYER

,

BUTINSTEADOF

EXTRUDINGMOLTENPLASTICTHROUGHANOZZLE

,

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(

UV)

LASER

.

T

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.

A

N

SLA

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.

A

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,

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.

O

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0.

05

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0.

2

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.

S

OMEINTERESTINGBENEFITSOF

F

USED

D

EPOSITION

M

ODELINGINCLUDE THEABILITYTOEASILYCUSTOMIZEINFILLSOFTHEOBJECTSBEINGPRINTED

.

T

HISMEANSTHATITIS VERYSIMPLETOPRINTPROTOTYPEMODELSFORFITANDFINISHCHECKSWITHLOWINFILL

,

OREVEN HOLLOW

,

INORDERTOSAVEONMATERIALCOSTS

.

F

USED

D

EPOSITION

M

ODELING

(

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WORKSBYLAYING DOWN CONSECUTIVE LAYERS OF MATERIAL AT HIGH TEMPERATURES

,

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.

T

HERESOLUTIONOF

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,

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.

P

RINT TIMEINCREASESLINEARLYASPARTTOLERANCESBECOMETIGHTER

.

lternati

ve

Types

of

Pri

nti

ng

T

HEREARE

3

MAINTYPESOF

3D

P

RINTING

-

FDM,

SLS

AND

SLA.

W

ITHINTHISHANDBOOKWE WILLBEDISCUSSING

FDM,

ALSOKNOWNAS

F

USED

D

EPOSITION

M

ODELING

.

(4)

O

THERFACTORSTHATCANHELPBEDADHESIONISHAVINGTHEPROPER

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.

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.

01

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A

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.

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.

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G

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.

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.

T

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OTONLYDOMANY MATERIALSREQUIREAHEATEDBUILDPLATE

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.

(5)

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.

Y

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.

T

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.

T

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,

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,

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PI

D

SETTINGS

.

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ITHOUTTHIS

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-

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.

T

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.

W

HENPLASTICMATERIALISBEINGMELTEDTOEXTRUDETHROUGHTHENOZZLE

,

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.

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.

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FTHISEXPANSIONOCCURSINTHEMIDDLEOFTHEBARREL

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.

T

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.

T

OPREVENT THIS

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.

W

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,

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.

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NEOFTHESIMPLESTWAYSTO COOLYOUR COMPONENTSWITHOUTDISRUPTINGTHEOPERATIONOFTHE OVERALLSYSTEMISTOADDPASSIVEHEATSINKS

.

T

HESEHEAT SINKSWILLINCREASETHEHEATDISSIPATIONOFTHEINDIVIDUAL

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ng

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.

N

OTONLYDOMOTORS ANDOTHERPARTSNEEDTOBECOOLEDTOPREVENTOVERHEATING

,

BUTTHEBARRELANDPRINT ITSELFOFTENREQUIREACTIVECOOLING

.

(6)

H

AVING DUALOR MULTIPLE EXTRUSIONS ALSO ALLOWS FOR MULTI

-

COLOREDPRINTS

.

A

NOBJECTCANBEDESIGNEDWITHMULTIPLE COLORSORTHEREAREDESIGNSALREADYAVAILABLEFORDOWNLOAD ONLINE

.

G

ENERALLY

,

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,

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.

W

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IGH

I

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OLYSTYRENE

(

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.

T

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IMONENE

,

ACOLORLESSLIQUID HYDROCARBON

.

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1

00.

T

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-

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.

Y

Y

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(

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)

,

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(

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S

ODIUM

H

YDROXIDE

)

.

REQUIRETHEENTIREHOTENDTOBEDISASSEMBLED

,

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,

ANDTHENHAVINGTHE HOTENDREASSEMBLEDBEFOREPRINTINGCANBESUCCESSFULLYATTEMPTED

.

L

EVELINGTHENOZZLESCANBEONEOFTHEMOSTDIFFICULT THINGSINVOLVEDWITHDUALEXTRUDING

.

E

ACHPRINTER HASITSOWNMETHODOFLEVELING

,

ANDSOMECANSEEM IMPOSSIBLETOPERFECT

.

L

ARGERNOZZLEDPRINTERSWITH LARGERLAYERHEIGHTSAREABITEASIER

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.

T

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.

W

HILE THISSOUNDSLIKEAGREATADDITIONTO

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PRINTING

,

THEREAREMANYHEADACHESAND PROBLEMSINVOLVED

.

(7)

O

VEREXTRUSIONWILLCAUSEPRINTSTO BETOOLARGE

,

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,

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INCE THEPRINTER IS OVER FEEDING THE FILAMENT

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.

T

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.

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.

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NDER

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.

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.

(8)

O

VERTHEPASTCOUPLEOFYEARS

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.

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ISTHETEMPERATUREREGIONWHERETHE POLYMERTRANSITIONSFROMAHARD

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.

(11)

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,

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.

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RIANGULARSTRUCTURESCANALSOBEUSEDTOSPEEDUP THEPRINT

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UMIDITYCANEFFECTTHEPOLYMERYOUAREUSINGTO THEPOINTOFCAUSINGAFAILEDPRINT

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UMIDITY EFFECTSTHESHRINKAGERATESOFFILAMENTSWHICHCAN EFFECTTHESURFACEQUALITY

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MBIENTHUMDITYDOESNOTONLYEFFECTTHEFILAMENT DURINGTHEPRINT

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OSTFILAMENTSCOMEINAVACCUUMSEALED

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(14)

H

AVING BED CLIPS THAT ARE EASY TO MANIPULATEISESSENTIALINHAVINGALEVEL BUILDPLATE

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(15)

A

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(16)

PI

D

REFERSTOAPROPORTIONALINTEGRALDERIVATIVECONTROLLER THATISUSEDIN

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(17)

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(18)

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(20)

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(21)

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T

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INCETHEREAREEXTENSIVEPATENTSTHATCURRENTLYEXISTFORENCLOSEDPRINTINGDEVICES

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T INCLUDESAPROPRIETARYGRADIENTFREEHEATEDBUILDPLATE WHICHALSOCONTRIBUTESTOLOWERSURFACELEVELWARPING FORCES

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