11.5.1 Answers

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Lab 11.5.1: Basic Cisco Device Configuration

Topology Diagram

Learning Objectives

• Configure Cisco router global configuration settings. • Configure Cisco router password access.

• Configure Cisco router interfaces. • Save the router configuration file. • Configure a Cisco switch.

Background

Hardware Qty Description

Cisco Router 1 Part of CCNA Lab bundle.

Cisco Switch 1 Part of CCNA Lab bundle.

*Computer (host) 1 Lab computer.

Console (rollover) cable 1 Connects computer host 1 to Router console port.

UTP Cat 5 crossover cable 1 Connects computer host 1 to Router LAN interface Fa0/0

Straight Through Cable 3 Connects computer hosts to Switch and switch to router

Table 1. Equipment and hardware required for this lab.

Gather the necessary equipment and cables. To configure the lab, make sure the equipment listed in Table 1 is available.

Common configuration tasks include setting the hostname, access passwords, and MOTD banner. Interface configuration is extremely important. In addition to assigning a Layer 3 IP address, enter a description that describes the destination connection speeds troubleshooting time.

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Network Fundamentals:

Configuring and Testing Your Network Lab 11.5.1 Basic Cisco Device Configuration

Configuration changes are effective immediately.

Configuration changes must be saved in NVRAM to be persistent across reboot.

Configuration changes may also be saved off-line in a text file for auditing or device replacement. Cisco IOS switch configuration is similar to Cisco IOS router configuration.

Scenario

In this lab students will configure common settings on a Cisco Router and Cisco Switch.

Given an IP address of

198.133.219.0/24

, with 4 bits borrowed for subnets, fill in the following information in the table below.

(Hint: fill in the subnet number, then the host address. Address information will be easy to compute with the subnet number filled in first)

Maximum number of usable subnets (including the 0th subnet): _______________ Number of usable hosts per subnet: ___________________

IP Address:

Subnet mask:

#

Subnet

First host address Last host

address

Broadcast

0

Before proceeding, verify your addresses with the instructor. The instructor will assign subnetworks.

15 14 198.138.219.0                                                                                                                                                              198.133.219.1 198.133.219.14 198.133.219.15 1 .16 .17 .30 .31 2 .32 .33 .46 .47 3 .48 .49 .62 .63 4 .64 .65 .78 .79 5 .80 .81 .94 .95 6 .96 .97 .110 .111 7 .112 .113 .126 .127 8 .128 .129 .142 .143 9 .144 .145 .158 .159 10 .160 .161 .174 .175 11 .176 .177 .190 .191 12 .192 .193 .206 .207 13 .208 .209 .222 .223 14 .224 .225 .238 .239

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CCNA Exploration Network Fundamentals:

Task 1: Configure Cisco Router Global Configuration Settings.

Figure 1. Lab cabling. Step 1: Physically connect devices.

Refer to Figure 1. Connect the console or rollover cable to the console port on the router. Connect the other end of the cable to the host computer using a DB-9 or DB-25 adapter to the COM 1 port. Connect the crossover cable between the host computer’s network interface card (NIC) and Router interface Fa0/0. Connect a straight-through cable between the Router interface Fa0/1 and any of the switch’s interfaces (1-24).

Ensure that power has been applied to the host computer, switch and router. Step 2: Connect host computer to router through HyperTerminal.

From the Widows taskbar, start the HyperTerminal program by clicking on Start | Programs | Accessories | Communications | HyperTerminal.

Configure HyperTerminal with the proper settings: Connection Description

Name: Lab 11_2_11

Icon: Personal choice Connect to

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COM1 Properties

Bits per second: 9600 Data bits: 8 Parity: None Stop bits: 1 Flow Control: None

When the HyperTerminal session window comes up, press the Enter key until there is a response from the router.

If the router terminal is in the configuration mode, exit by typing NO.

Would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? [yes/no]: no Press RETURN to get started!

Router>

When in privileged exec command mode, any misspelled or unrecognized commands will attempt to be translated by the router as a domain name. Since there is no domain server configured, there will be a delay while the request times out. This can take between several seconds to several minutes. To terminate the wait, simultaneously hold down the <CTRL><SHIFT>6 keys then release and press x:

Router>enabel

Translating "enabel"...domain server (255.255.255.255) % Briefly hold down the keys <CTRL><SHIFT>6, release and press x

Name lookup aborted Router>

From the user exec mode, enter privileged exec mode: Router> enable

Router#

Verify a clean configuration file with the privileged exec command show running-config. If a configuration file was previously saved, it will have to be removed. Appendix 1 shows a typical default router’s configuration. Depending on router’s model and IOS version, your configuration may look slightly different. However, there should be no configured passwords or IP addresses. If your router does not have a default configuration, ask the instructor to remove the configuration.

Step 3: Configure global configuration hostname setting.

What two commands may be used to leave the privileged exec mode? ___________________ What shortcut command can be used to enter the privileged exec mode? _________________

exit or end en

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Examine the different configuration modes that can be entered with the command configure? Write down the list of configuration modes and description:

___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________

From the privileged exec mode, enter global configuration mode: Router# configuration terminal

Router(config)#

What three commands may be used to leave the global configuration mode and return to the privileged exec mode?

___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ What shortcut command can be used to enter the global configuration mode? ______________________ Set the device hostname to Router1:

router(config)# hostname Router1 Router1(config)# How can the hostname be removed?

___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________

Step 5: Configure the MOTD banner.

In production networks, banner content may have a significant legal impact on the organization. For example, a friendly “Welcome” message may be interpreted by a court that an attacker has been granted permission to hack into the router. A banner should include information about authorization, penalties for unauthorized access, connection logging, and applicable local laws. The corporate security policy should provide policy on all banner messages.

confirm - confirm replacemnet of running-config with a new config file memory - configure from NV memory

network - configure from TFTP network host

overwrite-network - overwrite NV memory from NFTP network replace - replace the running-config with a new config file

terminal - configure the terminal

exit / end / <ctlr> z

config t

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Create a suitable MOTD banner. Only system administrators of the ABC Company are authorized access, unauthorized access will be prosecuted, and all connection information will be logged.

___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________

Examine the different banner modes that can be entered. Write down the list of banner modes and description. Router1(config)# banner ? ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ Choose a terminating character that will not be used in the message text.__________________

Configure the MOTD banner. The MOTD banner is displayed on all connections before the login prompt. Use the terminating character on a blank line to end the MOTD entry:

Router1(config)# banner motd %

Enter TEXT message. End with the character '%'

***You are connected to an ABC network device. Access is granted to only current ABC company system administrators with prior written approval. *** *** Unauthorized access is prohibited, and will be prosecuted. ***

*** All connections are continuously logged. *** %

Router1(config)#

What is the global configuration command to remove the MOTD banner?

___________________________________________________________________________________

LINE c banner-text c, where 'c' is a delimiting character exec Set EXEC process creation banner incoming Set incoming terminal line banner

login Set login banner

motd Set Message of the Day banner

prompt-timeout Set Message for login authentication timeout %

no banner motd slip-ppp Set Message for SLIP/PPP

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Task 2: Configure Cisco router password access.

Access passwords are set for the privileged exec mode and user entry point such as console, aux, and virtual lines. The privileged exec mode password is the most critical password, since it controls access to the configuration mode.

Step 1: Configure the privileged exec password.

Cisco IOS supports two commands that set access to the privileged exec mode. One command, enable password_{, contains weak cryptography and should never be used if the enable secret command is} available. The enable secret command uses a very secure MD5 cryptographic hash algorithm. Cisco says “As far as anyone at Cisco knows, it is impossible to recover an enable secret based on the contents of a configuration file (other than by obvious dictionary attacks).” Password security relies on the

password algorithm, and the password. . In production environments, strong passwords should be used at all times. A strong password consists of at least nine characters of upper and lower case letters, numbers, and symbols. In a lab environment, we will use weak passwords.

Set the privileged exec password to cisco. Router1(config)# enable secret cisco Router1(config)#

Step 2: Configure the console password.

Set the console access password to class. The console password controls console access to the router. Router1(config)# line console 0

Router1(config-line)# password class Router1(config-line)# login

What is the command to remove the console password? _____________________________ Step 3: Configure the virtual line password.

Set the virtual line access password to class. The virtual line password controls Telnet access to the router. In early Cisco IOS versions, only five virtual lines could be set, 0 through 4. In newer Cisco IOS versions, the number has been expanded. Unless a telnet password is set, access on that virtual line is blocked.

Router1(config-line)# line vty 0 4 Router1(config-line)# password class Router1(config-line)# login

There are three commands that may be used to exit the line configuration mode:

Command Effect

Return to the global configuration mode.

Exit configuration and return to the privileged exec mode.

no password cisco

exit end

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Issue the command exit. What is the router prompt? What is the mode? Router1(config-line)# exit

___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ Issue the command end. What is the router prompt? What is the mode?

___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________

Task 3: Configure Cisco Router Interfaces.

All cabled interfaces should contain documentation about the connection. On newer Cisco IOS versions, the maximum description is 240 characters.

Figure 2. Physical lab topology.

Figure 2 shows a network topology where a host computer is connected to Router1, interface Fa0/0. Write down your subnet number and mask: ________________________________________________ The first IP address will be used to configure the host computer LAN. Write down the first IP Address: ___________________________________________________________________________________ The last IP address will be used to configure the router fa0/0 interface. Write down the last IP Address: ___________________________________________________________________________________ Step 1: Configure the router fa0/0 interface.

Write a short description for the connections on Router1: Fa0/0 ->

___________________________________________________________________________________

router1 (config)#

Global

router1#

privileged exec mode

255.255.255.240

198.133.219.1

198.133.219.14

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Apply the description on the router interface with the interface configuration command, description: Router1(config)# interface fa0/0

Router1(config-if)# description Connection to Host1 with crossover cable Router1(config-if)# ip address address mask

Router1(config-if)# no shutdown Router1(config-if)# end

Router1#

Look for the interface to become active:

*Mar 24 19:58:59.602: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

Step 2: Configure the router Fa0/1 interface.

Write a short description for the connections on Router1: Fa0/1 ->

___________________________________________________________________________________ Apply the description on the router interface with the interface configuration command, description: Router1(config)# interface fa0/1

Router1(config-if)# description Connection to switch with straight-through cable

Router1(config-if)# ip address address mask Router1(config-if)# no shutdown

Router1(config-if)# end Router1#

Look for the interface to become active:

*Mar 24 19:58:59.602: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up

Step 3: Configure the host computer.

Configure the host computer for LAN connectivity. Recall that the LAN configuration window is accessed through Start | Control Panel | Network Connections. Right-click on the LAN icon, and select Properties. Highlight the Internet Protocol field, and select Properties. Fill in the following fields:

IP Address: The first host address __________________________ Subnet Mask: The subnet mask ____________________________ Default Gateway: Router’s IP Address _______________________

Click OK, and then Close. Open a terminal window, and verify network settings with the ipconfig command.

Step 4: Verify network connectivity.

Use the ping command to verify network connectivity with the router. If ping replies are not successful troubleshoot the connection:

What Cisco IOS command can be used to verify the interface status? __________________________ What Windows command can be used to verify host computer configuration? _____________________

to switch with straight through

198.133.219.1 255.255.255.240

198.133.219.14

show interface fa0/0 , fa0/1

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What is the correct LAN cable between host1 and Router1? _______________________________

Task 4: Save the Router Configuration File.

Cisco IOS refers to RAM configuration storage as running-configuration, and NVRAM configuration storage as startup-configuration. For configurations to survive rebooting or power restarts, the RAM configuration must be copied into non-volatile RAM (NVRAM). This does not occur automatically, NVRAM must be manually updated after any changes are made.

Step 1: Compare router RAM and NVRAM configurations.

Use the Cisco IOS show command to view RAM and NVRAM configurations. The configuration is displayed one screen at a time. A line containing “ -- more -- “ indicates that there is additional information to display. The following list describes acceptable key responses:

Key Description

<SPACE> _{Display the next page.} <RETURN> _{Display the next line.}

Q _Quit

<CTRL> c _Quit

Write down one possible shortcut command that will display the contents of NVRAM.

Display the contents of NVRAM. If the output of NVRAM is missing, it is because there is no saved configuration.:

Router1# show startup-config startup-config is not present Router1#

Display the contents of RAM. Router1#show running-config

Use the output to answer the following questions:

How large is the configuration file? ____________________ What is the enable secret password? ________________________

Does your MOTD banner contain the information you entered earlier? __________________________ Do your interface descriptions contain the information you entered earlier? ____________________ Write down one possible shortcut command that will display the contents of RAM. _________________ Step 2: Save RAM configuration to NVRAM.

For a configuration to be used the next time the router is powered on or reloaded, it must be manually saved in NVRAM. Save the RAM configuration to NVRAM:

Router1# copy running-config startup-config Destination filename [startup-config]? <ENTER> Building configuration... [OK] crossover 986 bytes yes yes sh run , write sh start

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Router1#

Write down one possible shortcut command that will copy the RAM configuration to NVRAM. ____________________________

Review the contents of NVRAM, and verify that the configuration is the same as the configuration in RAM.

Task 5: Configure a Cisco Switch.

Cisco IOS switch configuration is (thankfully) similar to configuring a Cisco IOS router. The benefit of learning IOS commands is that they are similar to many different devices and IOS versions.

Step 1: Connect the host to the switch.

Move the console, or rollover, cable to the console port on the switch. Ensure power has been applied to the switch. In Hyperterminal, press Enter until the switch responds.

Step 2. Configure global configuration hostname setting.

Appendix 2 shows a typical default switch configuration. Depending on router model and IOS version, your configuration may look slightly different. However, there should be no configured passwords. If your router does not have a default configuration, ask the instructor to remove the configuration.

From the user exec mode, enter global configuration mode: Switch> en

Switch# config t Switch(config)#

Set the device hostname to Switch1. Switch(config)# hostname Switch1 Switch1(config)#

Step 3: Configure the MOTD banner.

Create a suitable MOTD banner. Only system administrators of the ABC company are authorized access, unauthorized access will be prosecuted, and all connection information will be logged.

Configure the MOTD banner. The MOTD banner is displayed on all connections before the login prompt. Use the terminating character on a blank line to end the MOTD entry. For assistance, review the similar step for configuring a router MOTD banner.

Switch1(config)# banner motd %

Step 4: Configure the privileged exec password. Set the privileged exec password to cisco.

Switch1(config)# enable secret cisco Switch1(config)#

Step 5: Configure the console password. Set the console access password to class.

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Switch1(config)# line console 0 Switch1(config-line)# password class Switch1(config-line)# login

Step 6: Configure the virtual line password.

Set the virtual line access password to class. There are 16 virtual lines that can be configured on a Cisco IOS switch, 0 through 15.

Switch1(config-line)# line vty 0 15 Switch1(config-line)# password class Switch1(config-line)# login

Figure 3. Network topology.

Step 7: Configure the interface description.

Figure 3 shows a network topology where Router1 is connected to Switch1, interface Fa0/1. Switch1 interface Fa0/2 is connected to host computer 2, and interface Fa0/3 is connected to host computer 3.

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Write a short description for the connections on Switch1:

Router1 Interface Description

Fa0/1 Fa0/2 Fa0/3

Apply the descriptions on the switch interface with the interface configuration command, description: Switch1(config)# interface fa0/1

Switch1(config-if)# description Connection to Router1 Switch1(config)# interface fa0/2

Switch1(config-if)# description Connection to host computer 2 Switch1(config)# interface fa0/3

Switch1(config-if)# description Connection to host computer 3 Switch1(config-if)# end

Switch1#

Step 7: Save RAM configuration to NVRAM.

For a configuration to be used the next time the switch is powered on or reloaded, it must be manually saved in NVRAM. Save the RAM configuration to NVRAM:

Switch1# copy run start

Destination filename [startup-config]? <ENTER> Building configuration...

[OK] Switch1#

Review the contents of NVRAM, and verify that the configuration is the same as the configuration in RAM.

Task 6: Reflection

The more you practice the commands, the faster you will become in configuring a Cisco IOS router and switch. It is perfectly acceptable to use notes at first to help configure a device, but a professional network engineer does not need a ‘cheat sheet’ to perform common configuration tasks. The following table lists commands covered in this lab:

Purpose Command

Enter the global configuration mode. configure terminal Example:

Router> enable

Router# configure terminal Router(config)#

Specify the name for the router. hostname name Example:

Router(config)# hostname Router1 Router(config)#

Specify an encrypted password to prevent unauthorized access to the privileged exec mode.

enable secret password Example:

Router(config)# enable secret cisco Router(config)#

router1 host 2 host 3

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Specify a password to prevent unauthorized access to the console.

password password login

Example:

Router(config)# line con 0

Router(config-line)# password class Router(config-line)# login

Router(config)# Specify a password to prevent

unauthorized telnet access. Router vty lines: 0 4

Switch vty lines: 0 15

Example:

Router(config)# line vty 0 4

Router(config-line)# Configure the MOTD banner. Banner motd %

Example:

Router(config)# banner motd % Router(config)#

Configure an interface.

Router- interface is OFF by default Switch- interface is ON by default

Example:

Router(config)# interface fa0/0

Router(config-if)# description description Router(config-if)# ip address address mask Router(config-if)# no shutdown

Router(config-if)#

Save the configuration to NVRAM. copy running-config startup-config Example:

Router# copy running-config startup-config Router#

Task 7: Challenge

It is often necessary, and always handy, to save the configuration file to an off-line text file. One way to save the configuration file is to use HyperTerminal Transfer menu option Capture.

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Figure 2. Hyperterminal Capture menu.

Refer to Figure 2. All communication between the host computer and router are saved to a file. The file can be edited, and saved. The file can also be edited, copied, and pasted into a router:

To start a capture, select Hyperterminal menu option Transfer | Capture Text. Enter a path and file name, and select Start.

Issue the privileged exec command show running-config, and press the <SPACE> key until all of the configuration has been displayed.

Stop the capture. Select menu option Transfer | Capture Text | Stop.

Open the text file and review the contents. Remove any lines that are not configuration commands, such as the more prompt. Manually correct any lines that were scrambled or occupy the same line. After checking the configuration file, highlight the lines and select Notepad menu Edit | Copy. This places the configuration in host computer memory.

To load the configuration file, it is ALWAYS best practice to begin with a clean RAM configuration. Otherwise, stale configuration commands may survive a paste action and have unintended consequences (also known as the Law of Unintended Consequences):

Erase the NVRAM configuration file: Router1# erase start

Erasing the nvram filesystem will remove all configuration files! Continue? [confirm] <ENTER>

[OK]

Erase of nvram: complete Reload the router:

Router1# reload

Proceed with reload? [confirm] <ENTER>

When the router reboots, enter the global configuration mode: Router> en

Router# config t Router(config)#

Using the mouse, right-click inside the Hyperterminal window and select Paste To Host. The configuration will be loaded, very quickly, to the router. Watch closely for error messages, each message must be investigated and corrected.

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Task 6: Cleanup

Before turning off power to the router and switch, remove the NVRAM configuration file from each device with the privileged exec command erase startup-config.

Delete any configuration files saved on the host computers.

Unless directed otherwise by the instructor, restore host computer network connectivity, then turn off power to the host computers. Remove anything that was brought into the lab, and leave the room ready for the next class.

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Appendix 1- default Cisco IOS router configuration Current configuration : 824 bytes !

version 12.4

service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec no service password-encryption ! hostname Router ! boot-start-marker boot-end-marker ! no aaa new-model ip cef ! interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto ! interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto ! interface Serial0/1/0 no ip address shutdown no fair-queue ! interface Serial0/1/1 no ip address shutdown clock rate 2000000 ! interface Vlan1 no ip address ! ip http server no ip http secure-server ! control-plane ! line con 0 line aux 0 line vty 0 4 login ! scheduler allocate 20000 1000 end

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Appendix 2- default Cisco IOS switch configuration Current configuration : 1519 bytes

!

version 12.1 no service pad

service timestamps debug uptime service timestamps log uptime no service password-encryption ! hostname Switch ! ! ip subnet-zero ! ! spanning-tree mode pvst

no spanning-tree optimize bpdu transmission spanning-tree extend system-id

! ! interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet0/2 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet0/3 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet0/4 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet0/5 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet0/6 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet0/7 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet0/8 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet0/9 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet0/10 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet0/11 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet0/12

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no ip address ! interface FastEthernet0/13 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet0/14 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet0/15 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet0/16 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet0/17 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet0/18 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet0/19 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet0/20 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet0/21 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet0/22 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet0/23 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet0/24 no ip address ! interface GigabitEthernet0/1 no ip address ! interface GigabitEthernet0/2 no ip address ! interface Vlan1 no ip address no ip route-cache shutdown ! ip http server ! ! line con 0 line vty 5 15 !

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end

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Lab 11.5.2: Managing Device Configuration

Topology Diagram

Learning Objectives

• Configure network connectivity.

• Use TFTP to save and restore a Cisco IOS configuration.

Background

Cisco Router 1 Part of CCNA Lab bundle.

Computer (host) 1 Lab computer.

Console (rollover) cable 1 Connects computer host 1 to Router console port.

Crossover cable 1 Connects host1 NIC to Router1 Fa0/1 Table 1. Equipment and hardware required for this lab.

The host computer will be used as a TFTP server. This lab requires the use of SolarWinds TFTP server software. SolarWinds is a free TFTP application for Windows.

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Configuring and Testing Your Network Lab 11.5.2 Managing Device Configuration

Scenario

In this lab, students will configure common settings on a Cisco Router, save the configuration to a TFTP server, then restore the configuration from a TFTP server.

Given an IP address of 10.250.250.0/24, and 6 bits used for subnets. Use the LAST valid subnet. Host1 should use the FIRST valid host address, and Router1 should use the LAST valid host address:

IP Address: 10.250.250.0

Subnet mask:

Subnet

First host address Last host address Broadcast

Task 1: Configure Network Connectivity.

Step 1: Physically connect devices.

Refer to the Topology Diagram. Connect the console, or rollover, cable to the console port on the router and the other cable end to the host computer with a DB-9 or DB-25 adapter to the COM 1 port. Ensure power has been applied to both the host computer and router.

Step 2: Logically connect devices.

Using the IP address information from the scenario, configure the host1 computer. Step 3: Connect host computer to router through HyperTerminal.

From the Widows taskbar, start the HyperTerminal program by clicking on Start | Programs | Accessories | Communications | Hyper Terminal.

When the HyperTerminal session window opens, press the Enter key until there is a response from the router.

Step 4: Configure Router1.

Configure Router1. Configuration tasks for Router1 include the following: Task- refer to Appendix 1 for help with commands Specify Router name- Router1

Specify an encrypted privileged exec password- cisco Specify a console access password- class

Specify a telnet access password- class Configure the MOTD banner.

Configure Router1 interface Fa0/0- set the description set the Layer 3 address issue no shutdown NOTE **DO NOT SAVE THE CONFIGURATION IN NVRAM.

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Step 5: Verify connectivity.

Verify connectivity between host1 and Router1: Router1# ping 10.250.250.249

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.250.250.249, timeout is 2 seconds: .!!!!

Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms Router1#

Task 2: Use TFTP to Save and Restore a Cisco IOS Configuration.

Step 1: Install SolarWinds TFTP application.

Double click on the SolarWinds TFTP application to begin installation. Select Next. Agree to the license agreement, and accept default settings. After SolarWinds has finished installation, click on Finish. Step 2: Start TFTP server.

Figure 2. TFTP Server window.

Start the TFTP server by selecting Start | Programs | SolarWinds Free Tools | TFTP Server. Figure 2 shows an active TFTP Server window.

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Step 3: Configure the TFTP server.

Figure 3. TFTP Server window.

To configure TFTP server, select menu option File | configure. Refer to Figure 3. Verify the following settings:

Setting Value

TFTP Root Directory: TFTP-Root

Security Transmit and Receive Files

Advanced Security 10.250.250.250 To 10.250.250.250

Auto-Close Never

Log Enable Log Requests to the Following File. Leave the default file.

When finished, select OK.

Step 4. Save Router1 configuration to TFTP server.

From HyperTerminal, begin a TFTP upload to the TFTP server: Router1#copy running-config tftp:

Address or name of remote host []? 10.250.250.249 Destination filename [router1-confg]? <ENTER> !!

1081 bytes copied in 2.008 secs (538 bytes/sec) Router1#

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Verify a successful upload transfer. Open Log file c:\Program Files\SolarWinds\Free Tools\TFTP-Server.txt. Contents should be similar to the following:

3/25/2007 12:29 :Receiving router1-confg from (10.250.250.250)

3/25/2007 12:29 :Received router1-confg from (10.250.250.250), 1081 bytes Verify the transferred file. Use Microsoft Word or Wordpad to examine the contents of file c:\TFTP-Root\router1-confg. Contents should be similar to the following configuration:

!

version 12.4

service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec no service password-encryption ! hostname Router1 ! boot-start-marker boot-end-marker !

enable secret 5 $1$D02B$AuX05n0HPT239yYRoQ0oE. !

no aaa new-model ip cef

!

interface FastEthernet0/0

description connection to host1

ip address 10.250.250.250 255.255.255.252 duplex auto speed auto ! interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto ! interface Serial0/1/0 no ip address shutdown no fair-queue ! interface Serial0/1/1 no ip address shutdown clock rate 2000000 ! ip http server no ip http secure-server ! control-plane ! banner motd

*** ABC COMPANY NETWORK DEVICE **** *** Authorized access only *****

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*** Logging is enabled **** ! line con 0 password class login line aux 0 line vty 0 4 password class login ! scheduler allocate 20000 1000 End

Step 5: Restore Router1 configuration from TFTP server. Verify that NVRAM is clear, then reboot Router1:

Router1# show startup-config startup-config is not present Router1# reload

Proceed with reload? [confirm] <ENTER>

Connectivity must be established with the TFTP server. Router1 fa0/0 must be configured with an IP address, and the interface enabled:

Router> enable Router# conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)# interface fa0/0

Router(config-if)# ip address 10.250.250.250 255.255.255.252 Router(config-if)# no shutdown

Router(config-if)# exit

*Mar 25 16:43:03.095: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console *Mar 25 16:43:04.967: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

Configure the hostname of the router to TEST Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#hostname TEST Router(config-if)#end

TEST#

Verify connectivity with the ping command: Router# ping 10.250.250.249 Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.250.250.249, timeout is 2 seconds: .!!!!

Success rate is 80 percent(4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1ms Router#

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Download Router1 configuration file from the TFTP server: Router# copy tftp startup-config

Address or name of remote host []? 10.250.250.249 Source filename []? router1-confg

Destination filename [startup-config]? <ENTER> Accessing tftp://10.250.250.249/router1-confg...

Loading router1-confg from 10.250.250.249 (via FastEthernet0/0): ! [OK - 1081 bytes]

*Mar 25 16:55:26.375: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from tftp://10.250.250.249/router1-confg by console

Router1#

View the configuration in NVRAM to verify an accurate transfer. The configuration should be the same as what was configured in Task 1, Step 4.

Reload the router select no at the prompt that says “Configuration has been modified”.

The previous the configuration should be restored and the router’s hostname should now be Router1.

Task 3: Reflection

TFTP is a fast, efficient way to save and load Cisco IOS configuration files.

Task 4: Challenge

Similar to uploading a configuration file, the IOS can also be stored off-line for future use. To discover the IOS filename, issue the Cisco IOS command show version. The filename is highlighted, below: Router1# show version

Cisco IOS Software, 1841 Software (C1841-ADVIPSERVICESK9-M), Version 12.4(10b),

RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc3)

ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 12.4(13r)T, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Router1 uptime is 17 minutes

System returned to ROM by reload at 16:47:54 UTC Sun Mar 25 2007 System image file is "flash:c1841-advipservicesk9-mz.124-10b.bin"

This product contains cryptographic features and is subject to United States and local country laws governing import, export, transfer and use. Delivery of Cisco cryptographic products does not imply third-party authority to import, export, distribute or use encryption. Importers, exporters,

distributors and users are responsible for compliance with U.S. and local country laws. By using this product you agree to comply with applicable laws and regulations. If you are unable to comply with U.S. and local laws, return this product immediately.

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A summary of U.S. laws governing Cisco cryptographic products may be found at:

http://www.cisco.com/wwl/export/crypto/tool/stqrg.html

If you require further assistance please contact us by sending email to [email protected].

Cisco 1841 (revision 6.0) with 174080K/22528K bytes of memory. Processor board ID FHK110918KJ

2 Serial(sync/async) interfaces

DRAM configuration is 64 bits wide with parity disabled. 191K bytes of NVRAM.

62720K bytes of ATA CompactFlash (Read/Write) Configuration register is 0x2102

Router1#

The commands to upload the IOS are similar to uploading the configuration file: Router1# copy flash tftp

Source filename []? c1841-advipservicesk9-mz.124-10b.bin Address or name of remote host []? 10.250.250.249

Destination filename [c1841-advipservicesk9-mz.124-10b.bin]?

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!

Task 5: Cleanup

Before turning off power to the router, remove the NVRAM configuration file if it was loaded. Use the privileged exec command erase startup-config.

Remove SolarWinds TFTP server from the host computer. Select Start | Control Panel. Open Add or Remove Applications. Select SolarWinds, then Remove. Accept defaults.

Delete any configuration files saved on the host computers.

Unless directed otherwise by the instructor, restore host computer network connectivity, then turn off power to the host computers. Remove anything that was brought into the lab, and leave the room ready for the next class.

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Appendix 1

Purpose Command

Enter the global configuration mode. configure terminal Example:

Router> enable

Router# configure terminal Router(config)#

Specify the name for the router. hostname name Example:

Router(config)# hostname Router1 Router(config)#

Specify an encrypted password to prevent unauthorized access to the privileged exec mode.

enable secret password Example:

Router(config)# enable secret cisco Router(config)#

Specify a password to prevent unauthorized access to the console.

Example:

Router(config)# line con 0

Router(config)# Specify a password to prevent

unauthorized telnet access. Router vty lines: 0 4

Switch vty lines: 0 15

Example:

Router(config)# line vty 0 4

Router(config-line)# Configure the MOTD banner. Banner motd %

Example:

Router(config)# banner motd % Router(config)#

Configure an interface.

Router- interface is OFF by default Switch- interface is ON by default

Example:

Router(config)# interface fa0/0

Router(config-if)# description description Router(config-if)# ip address address mask Router(config-if)# no shutdown

Router(config-if)#

Save the configuration to NVRAM. copy running-config startup-config Example:

Router# copy running-config startup-config Router#

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Lab 11.5.3: Configure Host Computers for IP Networking

Topology Diagram

Learning Objectives

Upon completion of this lab, you will be able to: • Design the logical lab topology.

• Configure the physical lab topology. • Configure the logical LAN topology. • Verify LAN connectivity.

Background

Cisco Router 1 Part of CCNA Lab

bundle

Cisco Switch 1 Part of CCNA Lab

bundle

*Computer (Host) 3 Lab computer

CAT-5 or better straight-through UTP cables 3 Connects Router1 and computers Host1 and Host2 to switch1 Table 1. Equipment and Hardware for this Lab

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Configuring and Testing Your Network Lab 11.5.3 Configure Host Computers for IP Networking

Scenario

In this lab students will create a small network that requires connecting network devices and configuring host computers for basic network connectivity. The Appendix is a reference for configuring the logical network.

Task 1: Design the Logical Lab Topology.

1. Given an IP address of 192.168.254.0/24, and 5 bits used for subnets, fill in the following information:

Maximum number of usable subnets (including the 0th subnet): __________ Number of usable Hosts per subnet: __________

IP Address: 192.168.254.0 Subnet mask:

# Subnet First Host address Last Host address Broadcast 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

2. Before proceeding, verify your addresses with the instructor. The instructor will assign one subnetwork per student or team.

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Task 2: Configure the Physical Lab Topology.

Step 1: Physically connect devices.

1. Cable the network devices as shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1. Cabling the Network

Is a crossover cable needed to connect Host computers to the switch? Why or why not?

_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ If not already enabled, turn power on to all devices.

Step 2: Visually inspect network connections.

After cabling the network devices, take a moment to verify the connections. Attention to detail now will minimize the time required to troubleshoot network connectivity issues later.

Task 3: Configure the Logical Topology.

Step 1: Document logical network settings.

1. Host computers will use the first two IP addresses in the subnetwork. Write down the IP address information for each device:

Device Subnetwork IP address Mask

Host1 Host2

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2. From the information given in Figure 2, write down the IP network addressing for each computer:

Host 1 IP Address IP Mask Host 2 IP Address IP Mask

Step 2: Configure Host1 computer.

1. On Computer1, click Start > Control Panel > Network Connections. Right-click the LAN icon, and choose Properties. On the General tab, select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), and then click the Properties button.

Figure 3. Host1 IP Address and Gateway Settings 2. Refer to Figure 3 for Host1 IP address and gateway settings.

3. When finished, click OK, then click Close. The computer may require a reboot for changes to be effective.

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5. Record the output below:

Setting Value Ethernet device Physical Address IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway

Step 3: Configure Host2.

1. Repeat Step 2 for Host2, using IP address information from the table filled out in Step 1. 2. Verify proper configuration of Host1 with the ipconfig /all command.

3. Record the output below:

Setting Value Ethernet device Physical Address IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway

Task 4: Verify Network Connectivity.

Network connectivity can be verified with the Windows ping command.

1. Use the following table to methodically verify connectivity with each network device:

From To IP Address Ping results

Host1 Host2

Host2 Host1

2. Take corrective action to establish connectivity if a test fails.

Note: If pings to host computers fail, temporarily disable the computer firewall and retest. To disable a Windows firewall, click Start > Control Panel > Windows Firewall, choose Off, and then click OK.

Task 5: Reflection

Review any physical or logical configuration problems encountered during this lab. Make sure you have a thorough understanding of the procedures used to configure a Windows host computer.

Task 6: Challenge

Ask your instructor or another student to introduce one or two problems in your network when you aren’t looking or are out of the lab room. Problems can be either physical (wrong UTP cable) or logical (wrong IP address). To fix the problems:

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1. Perform a good visual inspection. Look for green link lights on Switch1.

2. Use the table provided in Task 3, above, to identify failed connectivity. List the problems: ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________

3. Write down your proposed solution(s):

___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________

4. Test your solution. If the solution fixed the problem, document the solution. If the solution did not fix the problem, continue troubleshooting.

___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________

Task 7: Clean Up

Unless directed otherwise by the instructor, restore host computer network connectivity, and then turn off power to the host computers. Remove anything that was brought into the lab, and leave the room ready for the next class.

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Lab 11.5.4: Network Testing

Topology Diagram

Learning Objectives

Upon completion of this lab, you will be able to: • Design the logical lab topology.

• Configure the physical lab topology. • Configure the logical LAN topology. • Verify LAN connectivity.

Background

Cisco Router 1 Part of CCNA Lab bundle

Cisco Switch 1 Part of CCNA Lab bundle

*Computer (Host) 3 Lab computer

CAT-5 or better straight-through UTP cables 3 Connects Router1, Host1, and Host2 to switch1

CAT-5 crossover UTP cable 1 Connects Host 1 to Router1

Console (rollover) cable 1 Connects Host1 to Router1 console Table 1. Equipment and Hardware for this Lab

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Configuring and Testing Your Network Lab 11.5.4 Network Testing

Scenario

In this lab, you will create a small network that requires connecting network devices and configuring host computers for basic network connectivity. SubnetA and SubnetB are subnets that are currently needed. SubnetC, SubnetD, SubnetE, and SubnetF are anticipated subnets, not yet connected to the network. The 0th subnet will be used.

Task 1: Design the Logical Lab Topology.

Given an IP address and mask of 172.20.0.0 / 24 (address / mask), design an IP addressing scheme that satisfies the following requirements:

Subnet Number of Hosts

SubnetA As shown in topology diagram

SubnetB Between 80 – 100

SubnetC Between 40 – 52

SubnetD Between 20 – 29

SubnetE 12

SubnetF 5

Note: Always start with the subnet with the largest number of hosts and work your way down. Therefore, you should start with SubnetB and finish with SubnetA.

Step 1: Design SubnetB address block.

Begin the logical network design by satisfying the requirement of SubnetB, which requires the largest block of IP addresses. Using binary numbers to create your subnet chart, pick the first address block that will support SubnetB.

1. Fill in the following table with IP address information for SubnetB:

Network Address

Mask First Host

Address

Last Host Address

Broadcast

2. What is the bit mask? _________________________________________________________ Step 2: Design SubnetC address block.

Satisfy the requirement of SubnetC, the next largest IP address block. Using binary numbers to create your subnet chart, pick the next available address block that will support SubnetC.

1. Fill in the following table with IP address information for SubnetC:

Address

Broadcast

2. What is the bit mask? _________________________________________________________ Step 3: Design SubnetD address block.

Satisfy the requirement of SubnetD, the next largest IP address block. Using binary numbers to create your subnet chart, pick the next available address block that will support SubnetD.

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1. Fill in the following table with IP address information for SubnetD:

Address

Broadcast

2. What is the bit mask? _________________________________________________________ Step 4: Design SubnetE address block.

Satisfy the requirement of SubnetE, the next largest IP address block. Using binary numbers to create your subnet chart, pick the next available address block that will support SubnetE.

1. Fill in the following table with IP address information for SubnetE:

Address

Broadcast

2. What is the bit mask? _________________________________________________________ Step 5: Design SubnetF address block.

Satisfy the requirement of SubnetF, the next largest IP address block. Using binary numbers to create your subnet chart, pick the next available address block that will support SubnetF.

1. Fill in the following table with IP address information for SubnetF:

Address

Broadcast

2. What is the bit mask? _________________________________________________________ Step 6: Design SubnetA address block.

Satisfy the requirement of SubnetA, the smallest IP address block. Using binary numbers to create your subnet chart, pick the next available address block that will support SubnetA.

1. Fill in the following table with IP address information for SubnetA:

Address

Broadcast

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Task 2: Configure the Physical Lab Topology.

Step 1: Physically connect lab devices.

1. Cable the network devices as shown in Figure 1. Pay special attention to the crossover cable required between Host1 and Router1.

Figure 1. Cabling the Network 2. If not already enabled, turn power on to all devices.

Step 2: Visually inspect network connections.

After cabling the network devices, take a moment to verify the connections. Attention to detail now will minimize the time required to troubleshoot Layer 1 connectivity issues later.

Task 3: Configure the Logical Topology.

Step 1: Document logical network settings.

On SubnetA, Host1 will use the first IP address in the subnet. Router1, interface Fa0/0, will use the last host address. On SubnetB, host computers will use the first and second IP addresses in the subnet, respectively. Router1, interface Fa0/1, will use the last network host address.

To properly route Layer 2 frames between LAN devices, Switch1 does not require Layer 3 configuration. The IP address assigned to Switch 1, interface VLAN 1, is used to establish Layer 3 connectivity between external devices and the switch. Without an IP address, upper-layer protocols such as TELNET and HTTP will not work. The default gateway address permits the switch to respond to protocol requests from devices on distant networks. For example, the IP gateway address extends Layer 3 connectivity beyond Subnet B. Switch1 will use the next-to-last host address.

Write down the IP address information for each device:

Device Subnet IP Address Mask Gateway

Host1

Router1-Fa0/0 Host2

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Switch1 Router1-Fa0/1

Step 2: Configure host computers.

1. On each computer, in turn, click Start > Control Panel > Network Connections. Right-click the LAN icon, and choose Properties. On the General tab, select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), and then click the, Properties button.

2. Verify that the Host1 Layer 3 IP address is on a different subnet than Host2 and Host3. Configure each host computer using the IP address information recorded in Step 1.

3. Verify proper configuration of each host computer with the ipconfig command and fill in the following table:

Device IP Address Mask Default Gateway

Host1 Host2 Host3

Step 3: Configure Router1.

1. From the Windows taskbar, start the HyperTerminal program by clicking Start > Programs > Accessories > Communications > HyperTerminal. Configure HyperTerminal for access to Router1. Configuration for Router1 includes the following tasks:

Tasks

(Refer to the Appendix for help with commands) Specify Router name: Router1

Specify an encrypted privileged EXEC password: cisco Specify a console access password: class

Specify a telnet access password: class Configure the MOTD banner

Configure Router1 interface Fa0/0: • Set the description

• Set the Layer 3 address • Issue no shutdown Configure Router1 interface Fa0/1:

• Set the description • Set the Layer 3 address • Issue no shutdown 2. Save the configuration in NVRAM. 3. Display the contents of RAM:

4. Write the configuration specifications below: Hostname: ________________________

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Console access password: ________________________ Telnet access password: ________________________ MOTD banner: ________________________

5. Display configuration information for interface Fa0/0: show interface Fa0/0 FastEthernet 0/0 status (up / down): ________________________

Line protocol: ________________________ MAC Address:________________________

6. Display configuration information for interface Fa0/1: show interface Fa0/1 FastEthernet 0/0 status (up / down): ________________________

Line protocol: ________________________ MAC Address:________________________

7. Display brief IP address information about each interface: show ip interface brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0

FastEthernet0/1

8. Take corrective action with any problems, and retest. Step 4: Configure Switch1.

1. Move the console cable from Router1 to Switch1. 2. Press Enter until a response is received.

3. Configuration for Switch1 includes the following tasks:

Tasks

(Refer to the Appendix for help with commands) Specify Switch name- Switch1

Specify an encrypted privileged exec password- cisco Specify a console access password- class

Specify a telnet access password- class Configure the MOTD banner

Configure Switch1 interface Fa0/1: Set the description Configure Switch1 interface Fa0/2: Set the description Configure Switch1 interface Fa0/3: Set the description Configure management VLAN 1 IP address:

• Set the description • Set the Layer 3 address • Issue no shutdown

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5. Write the configuration specifications below: Hostname: ________________________

Enable secret password: ________________________ Console access password: ________________________ Telnet access password: ________________________ MOTD banner: ________________________

Interface VLAN 1: ________________________

Default IP gateway address: ________________________

6. Display configuration information for interface VLAN 1: show interface vlan1 VLAN 1 status (up / down): ________________________

Line protocol: ________________________

Task 4: Verify Network Connectivity.

Step 1: Use the ping command to verify network connectivity.

Network connectivity can be verified with the ping command. It is very important that connectivity exists throughout the network. Corrective action must be taken if there is a failure.

1. Use the following table to methodically verify connectivity with each network device:

Host1 LocalHost (127.0.0.1) Host1 NIC IP address

Host1 Gateway (Router1, Fa0/0) Host1 Router1, Fa0/1

Host1 Switch1 Host1 Host2 Host1 Host3

Host2 LocalHost (127.0.0.1) Host2 NIC IP address Host2 Host3

Host2 Switch1

Host2 Host1

Host3 LocalHost (127.0.0.1) Host3 NIC IP address Host3 Host2

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Host3 Switch1

Host3 Host1

2. Take corrective action to establish connectivity if a test fails.

Note: If pings to host computers fail, temporarily disable the computer firewall and retest. To disable a Windows firewall, click Start > Control Panel > Windows Firewall, choose Off, and then click OK.

Step 2: Use the tracert command to verify local connectivity. 1. From Host1, issue the tracert command to Host2 and Host3. 2. Record the results:

From Host1 to Host2: ________________________ From Host1 to Host3: ________________________ Step 3: Verify Layer 2 connectivity.

1. If not already connected, move the console cable from Router1 to Switch1. 2. Press the Enter key until there is a response from Switch1.

3. Issue the command show mac-address-table. This command will display static (CPU) and dynamic, or learned, entries.

4. List the dynamic MAC addresses and corresponding switch ports: MAC Address Switch Port

5. Verify that there are three dynamically learned MAC addresses, one each from Fa0/1, Fa0/2, and Fa0/3.

Task 5: Reflection

Review any physical or logical configuration problems encountered during this lab. Make sure you have a thorough understanding of the procedures used to verify network connectivity.

Task 6: Challenge

Ask your instructor or another student to introduce one or two problems in your network when you aren’t looking or are out of the lab room. Problems can be either physical (wrong UTP cable) or logical (wrong IP address or gateway). To fix the problems:

1. Perform a good visual inspection. Look for green link lights on Switch1.

2. Use the table provided in Task 3, above, to identify failed connectivity. List the problems: ___________________________________________________________________________