James Bond
James Bond
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This article is about the spy series in general. For the character, see
This article is about the spy series in general. For the character, see James Bond James Bond
(character)
(character). For film series, see. For film series, see James Bond (film series) James Bond (film series). For other uses, see. For other uses, see James James
Bond (disambiguation)
Bond (disambiguation)..
James Bond James Bond
Ian Fleming
Ian Fleming''s image of James Bond; commissioned tos image of James Bond; commissioned to aid the
aid the Daily Express Daily Expresscomic strip artists.comic strip artists.
Author
Author Ian FlemingIan Fleming Country
Country United KingdomUnited Kingdom Language
Language EnglishEnglish Subject(s)
Subject(s) Spy fictionSpy fiction Genre(s)
Genre(s) Action/SuspenseAction/Suspense Publisher
Publication date
Publication date 1953- 1953- James Bond 007
James Bond 007 is ais a fictional character fictional character created in 1953 by writer Ian Flemingcreated in 1953 by writer Ian Fleming,, whowho featured him in twelve
featured him in twelve novelsnovelsand twoand two short storyshort storycollections.collections.[1][1]The character has alsoThe character has also been used in the
been used in the longest running and most financially successful English languagelongest running and most financially successful English language filmfilm
franchise
franchise to date, starting in 1962 withto date, starting in 1962 with Dr. No Dr. No..[2][2][3][[3][4]4]
After Fleming's death in 1964, subsequent James
After Fleming's death in 1964, subsequent James Bond novels were written byBond novels were written by KingsleyKingsley
Amis
Amis (as(as Robert MarkhamRobert Markham),), John PearsonJohn Pearson,, John Gardner John Gardner ,, Raymond BensonRaymond Bensonandand Sebastian Faulks
Sebastian Faulks. Moreover,. Moreover, Christopher WoodChristopher Woodnovelised two screenplays, Charlienovelised two screenplays,Charlie
Higson
Higson wrote a series onwrote a series on a young James Bonda young James Bondwhile other writers have authoredwhile other writers have authored unofficial versions of the character
unofficial versions of the character ..[5][5] There have been 22 films in the
There have been 22 films in the EON ProductionsEON Productionsseriesseriesto date, the most recent of to date, the most recent of which,
which,Quantum of SolaceQuantum of Solace, was released on 31 October 2008 (UK)., was released on 31 October 2008 (UK).[6][[6][7]7]In addition thereIn addition there
has been an
has been an AmericanAmericantelevisiontelevision adaptationadaptation and two independent feature productions.and two independent feature productions. Apart from movies and television, James Bond has also been adapted for many other Apart from movies and television, James Bond has also been adapted for many other media, including radio plays,
media, including radio plays, comic stripscomic strips andand video gamesvideo games.. The
The EON ProductionsEON Productionsfilms are generally termed as films are generally termed as "official" films originating with the"official" films originating with the purchase of the James Bond
purchase of the James Bond film rights by producer film rights by producer Harry SaltzmanHarry Saltzman in the late 1950s.in the late 1950s.[8][8] Creation and inspiration
Creation and inspiration Main articles:
Main articles: James Bond (character) James Bond (character)and and Inspirations for James Bond Inspirations for James Bond
Sidney Reilly
Sidney Reilly,,The Ace of SpiesThe Ace of Spies, is often considered the archetypal muse for Bond., is often considered the archetypal muse for Bond. Commander Sir James Bond, (
Commander Sir James Bond, (KCMGKCMG,, RNVR RNVR ) is an officer of the British) is an officer of the British SecretSecret
Intelligence Service
Intelligence Service (SIS) (more commonly,(SIS) (more commonly, MI6MI6). He was created in January 1952 by). He was created in January 1952 by British journalist Ian Fleming while on holiday at his
British journalist Ian Fleming while on holiday at his JamaicanJamaicanestate, Goldeneye. Theestate, Goldeneye. The hero, James Bond, was named after an
and author of the definitive field guide book
and author of the definitive field guide book Birds of the West Indies Birds of the West Indies.. Fleming, a keenFleming, a keen birdwatcher
birdwatcher ,, had a copy of Bond'shad a copy of Bond's field guidefield guideat Goldeneye. Of the name, Fleming onceat Goldeneye. Of the name, Fleming once said in a
said in a Reader's DigestReader's Digest interviewinterview, "I wanted , "I wanted the simplest, dullest, plainest-soundingthe simplest, dullest, plainest-sounding name I could find, 'James Bon
name I could find, 'James Bond' was much better than something more d' was much better than something more interesting, likeinteresting, like 'Peregrine Carruthers.' Exotic things would happen to and around him, but he would be a 'Peregrine Carruthers.' Exotic things would happen to and around him, but he would be a neutral figure — an anonymous, blunt instrument wielded by a government
neutral figure — an anonymous, blunt instrument wielded by a government department."
department."[9][9]
Nevertheless, news sources speculated about real
Nevertheless, news sources speculated about real spiesspiesor other or other covert agentscovert agents after whomafter whom James Bond might have been modeled or named, such as
James Bond might have been modeled or named, such as Sidney ReillySidney Reillyor or WilliamWilliam
Stephenson
Stephenson, best-known by his wartime intelligence codename of Intrepid. Although they, best-known by his wartime intelligence codename of Intrepid. Although they are similar to Bond, Fleming confirmed none
are similar to Bond, Fleming confirmed none as the source figure, nor didas the source figure, nor did Ian FlemingIan Fleming
Publications
Publicationsnor any of Fleming's biographers, such asnor any of Fleming's biographers, such as John PearsonJohn Pearsonor Andrew Lyor Andrew Lycett.cett. James Bond's parents are Andrew Bond, a
James Bond's parents are Andrew Bond, a ScotsmanScotsman, and Monique Delacroix, from, and Monique Delacroix, from Canton de
Canton de VaudVaud,, SwitzerlandSwitzerland. Their nationalities were established in. Their nationalities were established inOn Her Majesty'sOn Her Majesty's
Secret Service
Secret Service.. Fleming emphasised Bond's Scottish heritage in admiration of Fleming emphasised Bond's Scottish heritage in admiration of SeanSean Connery
Connery''s cinematic portrayal, whereas Bond's mother is named s cinematic portrayal, whereas Bond's mother is named after a Swiss fiancée of after a Swiss fiancée of Fleming's. A
Fleming's. A planned, but unwritten, novel would planned, but unwritten, novel would have portrayed Bond's mother as ahave portrayed Bond's mother as a Scot. Ian Fleming was a member of
Scot. Ian Fleming was a member of a prominent Scottisha prominent Scottish banking bankingfamilyfamily..[10][10]In hisIn his fictional biography of secret agent 007,
fictional biography of secret agent 007, John Pearson gave Bond's birth date aJohn Pearson gave Bond's birth date as 11s 11 November (
November (Armistice DayArmistice Day) 1920 (The ) 1920 (The beginning of the beginning of the film "For Yfilm "For Your Eyes Only" givesour Eyes Only" gives his wife's birth date as 1943. This seemingly assumes Bond to be younger than Pearson his wife's birth date as 1943. This seemingly assumes Bond to be younger than Pearson claimed). There is a reference to Bond's age in Fleming's
claimed). There is a reference to Bond's age in Fleming's You Only Live TwiceYou Only Live Twice, when, when T
Tanaka tells him he was born anaka tells him he was born in the Yin the Year of the Rat (1924/25 oear of the Rat (1924/25 or even 1912/13). In ther even 1912/13). In the novel
novel On Her Majesty's Secret ServiceOn Her Majesty's Secret Service , , Bond's family motto is found to be "Orbis nonBond's family motto is found to be "Orbis non sufficit" ("The world is not enough"). The novel also states that the
sufficit" ("The world is not enough"). The novel also states that the family that used thisfamily that used this motto may not necessarily be the same Bon
motto may not necessarily be the same Bond family from which James Bond camed family from which James Bond came..[11][11]
Hoagy Carmichael
After completing the manuscript for
After completing the manuscript for Casino Royale,Casino Royale, Fleming allowed his friend, later hisFleming allowed his friend, later his editor, poet
editor, poet WillWilliam iam Plomer Plomer to read it. Plomer liked it and submitted it toto read it. Plomer liked it and submitted it to Jonathan CapeJonathan Cape,, who did not like it as much. Cape finally published it in 1953 on the recommendation of who did not like it as much. Cape finally published it in 1953 on the recommendation of Fleming's older brother
Fleming's older brother Peter Peter , an established travel writer , an establishedtravel writer ..[12][12] Most researchers agree that James Bond is a
Most researchers agree that James Bond is a romanticised version of Ian Fleming, himself romanticised version of Ian Fleming, himself a jet-setting
a jet-setting womanizer womanizer . Both Fleming and Bond attended the same schools, preferred the. Both Fleming and Bond attended the same schools, preferred the same foods (
same foods (scrambled eggsscrambled eggs, and, and coffeecoffee), maintained the same habits (drinking, smoking,), maintained the same habits (drinking, smoking, wearing short-sleeve shirts{?}), shared the same notions of the perfect woman in
wearing short-sleeve shirts{?}), shared the same notions of the perfect woman in lookslooks and style, and had similar naval
and style, and had similar naval career paths (both rising to the rank of career paths (both rising to the rank of navalnaval Commander
Commander ). They also shared similar height, hairstyle, and). They also shared similar height, hairstyle, and eye colour eye colour . Some suggest. Some suggest that Bond's suave and sophisticated persona is based on that of a young
that Bond's suave and sophisticated persona is based on that of a young HoagyHoagy
Carmichael
Carmichael.. InIn Casino RoyaleCasino Royale , ,the heroinethe heroine Vesper LyndVesper Lyndremarks, "Bond reminds meremarks, "Bond reminds me rather of Hoagy Carmichael, but there is something
rather of Hoagy Carmichael, but there is something cold and ruthless." Likewise, incold and ruthless." Likewise, in Moonraker
Moonraker , , Special BranchSpecial BranchOfficer Gala BrandOfficer Gala Brand thinks that Bond is "certainly good-thinks that Bond is "certainly good-looking . . .
looking . . . Rather like Hoagy Carmichael in a waRather like Hoagy Carmichael in a wayy. That black hair falling down . That black hair falling down over theover the right eyebrow
right eyebrow. Much the same bon. Much the same bones. But there was something a bit cruel es. But there was something a bit cruel in the mouth,in the mouth, and the eyes were cold."
and the eyes were cold."[13][13]
Fleming did admit to being partly inspired by his service in
Fleming did admit to being partly inspired by his service in thethe Naval Intelligence Naval Intelligence
Division
Division of theof the AdmiraltyAdmiralty, most notably an incident depicted in, most notably an incident depicted in Casino Royale,Casino Royale,whenwhen Fleming and
Fleming and Naval Intelligence Director Naval Intelligence Director Admiral GodfreyAdmiral Godfreywent on a mission towent on a mission to LisbonLisbon
en route to the United
en route to the United States duringStates during World War IIWorld War II. At the. At the Estoril CasinoEstoril Casino, which harboured, which harboured spies of warring regimes due to
spies of warring regimes due to PortugalPortugal''s neutralitys neutrality, Fleming was 'clean, Fleming was 'cleaned out' bed out' by ay a "chief
"chief GermanGerman agent" in a game of agent" in a game of Chemin de Fer Chemin de Fer . Admiral Godfrey's account differs in. Admiral Godfrey's account differs in that Fleming played Portuguese businessmen, whom Fleming fantasised as German that Fleming played Portuguese businessmen, whom Fleming fantasised as German agents he defeated at cards. Moreover, references to "Red Indians" in Casino Royale agents he defeated at cards. Moreover, references to "Red Indians" in Casino Royale (four times; twice in the final page) are to
(four times; twice in the final page) are to his ownhis own 30 Assault Unit30 Assault Unit.. Novels and related works
Novels and related works Main article:
Main article: James Bond novels James Bond novels
In February 1952, Ian Fleming began writing his first James Bond novel. At the time, In February 1952, Ian Fleming began writing his first James Bond novel. At the time, Fleming was the foreign manager for Kemsley Newspapers, owners of
Fleming was the foreign manager for Kemsley Newspapers, owners of The Daily ExpressThe Daily Express
in
in LondonLondon. Upon accepting the . Upon accepting the job, Fleming asked for two months' yearly vacation in hjob, Fleming asked for two months' yearly vacation in hisis contract—time spent writing in
contract—time spent writing in JamaicaJamaica. Between 1953 and his death in 1964, Fleming. Between 1953 and his death in 1964, Fleming published twelve novels and on
published twelve novels and one short-story collection (a second collection wase short-story collection (a second collection was published posthumously). Later, continuation novels were written by
published posthumously). Later, continuation novels were written by Kingsley AmisKingsley Amis(as(as Robert Markham
Robert Markham),), John Gardner John Gardner ,, Charlie HigsonCharlie Higson,, Raymond BensonRaymond Benson, who was the first, who was the first American author of James Bond. The
American author of James Bond. The Young BondYoung Bondseries of novels was begun in 2005,series of novels was begun in 2005, by
by Charlie HigsonCharlie Higson..[14][[14][15]15]
In July 2007, it was announced
In July 2007, it was announced that Sebastian Faulks has been commissioned to write athat Sebastian Faulks has been commissioned to write a new Bond novel
new Bond novel to commemorate Fleming's 100th Birthdayto commemorate Fleming's 100th Birthday. The book - titled. The book - titled Devil May Devil May
Care
Ian Fleming novels Ian Fleming novels
•
• 19531953 Casino RoyaleCasino Royale [16][16] •
• 19541954 Live and Let Die Live and Let Die [17][17] •
• 19551955 Moonraker Moonraker [18][18] •
• 19561956 Diamonds Are Diamonds Are
Forever
Forever [19][19] •
• 19571957 From Russia with From Russia with
Love Love[20][20] • • 19581958 Dr. No Dr. No[21][21] • • 19591959 Goldfinger Goldfinger [22][22] •
• 19601960 For Your Eyes Only For Your Eyes Only [23][23] - short stories- short stories •
• 19611961 Thunderball Thunderball [24][24] •
• 19621962 The Spy Who Loved MeThe Spy Who Loved Me[25][25] •
• 19631963 On Her Majesty's Secret ServiceOn Her Majesty's Secret Service[26][26] •
• 19641964 You Only Live TwiceYou Only Live Twice[27][27] •
• 19651965 The Man with the Golden GunThe Man with the Golden Gun[28][28] •
• 19661966 Octopussy and The Living DaylightsOctopussy and The Living Daylights[29][29]
--short stories short stories Adaptations Adaptations Films Films Overview Overview Main article:
Main article: James Bond film series James Bond film series
In the late 1950s,
In the late 1950s, EON ProductionsEON Productionsguaranteed theguaranteed the filmfilmadaptation rights for every 007adaptation rights for every 007 novel except for
novel except for Casino RoyaleCasino Royale (those rights were recovered in 1999(those rights were recovered in 1999[30][30]). In 1962, the first). In 1962, the first
adaptation was made with
adaptation was made with Dr. No Dr. No, which starred, which starred Sean ConnerySean Conneryas 007. Connery starred inas 007. Connery starred in
6 more films after his initial portrayal (including 1983's
6 more films after his initial portrayal (including 1983's Never Say Never Again Never Say Never Again, which, which
was not part of the EON series).
was not part of the EON series). George LazenbyGeorge Lazenbyreplaced Connery (for 1 film) beforereplaced Connery (for 1 film) before the latter's last EON film, after which the part was played
the latter's last EON film, after which the part was played byby Roger MooreRoger Moore(for 7 films),(for 7 films), Timothy Dalton
Timothy Dalton (for 2 films),(for 2 films), Pierce BrosnanPierce Brosnan(for 4 films) and(for 4 films) and Daniel CraigDaniel Craig(2 films to(2 films to date). As of 2008, there have been 22 films in the EON series. The 21st film,
date). As of 2008, there have been 22 films in the EON series. The 21st film,CasinoCasino
Royale
Royale,, withwith Daniel CraigDaniel Craigas James Bond, premiered on 14 November 2006,as James Bond, premiered on 14 November 2006,[31][31]with thewith the
film going on general release in
film going on general release in AsiaAsiaand theand the Middle EastMiddle Eastthe following day.the following day.[32][32]Notably, itNotably, it is the first Bond film to be released in
is the first Bond film to be released in China. The second James Bond film to featureChina. The second James Bond film to feature Daniel Craig
Daniel Craigisis Quantum of SolaceQuantum of Solace, which gets its title from a short story of the same, which gets its title from a short story of the same
name by Ian Fleming (
name by Ian Fleming ( For Your Eyes Only For Your Eyes Only, 1960), but shares no similarities with the plot., 1960), but shares no similarities with the plot. Daniel Craig is expected to return
Daniel Craig is expected to return as James Bond for a third movie in as James Bond for a third movie in the as yet unnamedthe as yet unnamed "Bond 23."
"Bond 23."[33][33]
The film series has grossed over $4 b
The film series has grossed over $4 billion (£2 Billion) (nearly $11 billion when adjustedillion (£2 Billion) (nearly $11 billion when adjusted for inflation) worldwide, making
for inflation) worldwide, making it the highest grossing it the highest grossing film series ever.film series ever.[4][4] The 22nd andThe 22nd and newest movie in the series,
newest movie in the series, Quantum of SolaceQuantum of Solace, was released in the UK on 31 October , was released in the UK on 31 October
2008. As of 9 November 2008, global box office totals for Quantum of Solace were 2008. As of 9 November 2008, global box office totals for Quantum of Solace were almost $161 million (£ 103 million), placing the Bond series ahead of the
almost $161 million (£ 103 million), placing the Bond series ahead of the Harry Potter Harry Potter
film series
The EON films The EON films
Franchi Franchi se se Count Count T
Tiittllee YYeeaarr AAccttoorr DDiirreeccttoorr Total BoxTotal Box Office
Office BudgetBudget
Inflation Inflation Adjusted Adjusted Total Box Total Box Office** Office** 1 1 Dr. No Dr. No 19621962 2 2 From From Russia Russia with Love with Love 1963 1963 3 3 GoldfingeGoldfinge r r 19641964 4 4 ThunderbThunderb all all 19651965 5 5 You Only You Only Live Live Twice Twice 1967 1967 Sean Sean Conner Conner y y Terence Terence Young Young $5 $59,9,60600,0,000000 $1$1,2,20000,0,00000 $4$42525,4,48888,7,74141 $$778,8,990000,,000000 $$22,,550000,,000000 $$555555,,990909,,880033 Guy Guy Hamilton Hamilton $1$12424,9,90000,0,00000 $3$3,5,50000,0,00000 $8$86868,6,65959,3,35454 Terence Terence Young Young $1$14141,2,20000,0,00000 $1$11,1,00000,0,000000 $9$96666,4,43535,5,55555 Lewis Lewis Gilbert Gilbert $$11111,1,60600,0,000000 $9$9,5,50000,0,00000 $7$72020,3,38888,0,02323 6 6 On Her On Her Majesty's Majesty's Secret Secret Service Service 1969
1969 GeorgeGeorgeLazenbLazenb
y y Peter R. Peter R. Hunt Hunt $8$87,7,40400,0,000000 $7$7,0,00000,0,00000 $5$51313,4,44545,2,23131
7 7 Diamonds Diamonds Are Are Forever Forever 1971
1971 Conner Conner SeanSean
y
y
8
8 Live and Live and Let Die Let Die 19731973 Roger Roger Moore Moore 9 9 The Man The Man with the with the Golden Golden Gun Gun 1974 1974 Guy Guy Hamilton Hamilton $1 $11616,0,00000,0,00000 $7$7,2,20000,0,00000 $6$61717,5,52020,9,98787 $161,800,00 $161,800,00 00 $1$12,2,000000,0,00000 $78$785,5,677677,4,47777 $9 $97,7,60600,0,000000 $1$13,3,00000,0,000000 $4$42626,8,82626,7,77474 10 10 The Spy The Spy Who Who Loved Me Loved Me 1977 1977 1 111 MoonrakeMoonrake r r 19791979 Lewis Lewis Gilbert Gilbert $1 $18787,3,30000,0,00000 $2$28,8,00000,0,000000 $6$66666,3,36767,6,65656 $210,300,00 $210,300,00 00 $3$34,4,000000,0,00000 $62$624,4,527527,2,27272 12
12 For Your For Your Eyes Only Eyes Only 19811981 13 13 OctopussOctopuss y y 19831983 14
14 A View to A View to a Kill a Kill 19851985 15 15 The The Living Living Daylights Daylights 1987 1987 16 16 Licence to Licence to Kill Kill 19891989 Timoth Timoth y y Dalton Dalton John Glen John Glen $2 $20202,8,80000,0,00000 $2$28,8,00000,0,000000 $4$48181,0,00505,5,57979 $187,500,00 $187,500,00 00 $2$27,7,500500,0,00000 $40$405,5,873873,4,49393 $157,800,00 $157,800,00 00 $3$30,0,000000,0,00000 $31$316,6,186186,6,61616 $191,200,00 $191,200,00 00 $4$40,0,000000,0,00000 $36$362,2,876876,0,05656 $156,200,00 $156,200,00 00 $4$42,2,000000,0,00000 $27$271,1,586586,4,45151
17 17 GoldenEyGoldenEy e e 19951995 18 18 Tomorrow Tomorrow Never Never Dies Dies 1997 1997 19 19 The The World Is World Is Not Not Enough Enough 1999 1999 20 20 Die Die Another Another Day Day 2002 2002 Pierce Pierce Brosna Brosna n n Martin Martin Campbell Campbell $3$35353,4,40000,0,00000 $6$60,0,00000,0,000000 $4$49999,9,95454,3,33030 Roger Roger Spottiswoo Spottiswoo de de $346$346,600,600,00,0000 $1$110,10,000,000,000000 $465$465,588,588,53,5355 Michael Michael Apted Apted $390$390,000,000,00,0000 $135$135,000,000,00,0000 $504$504,705,705,88,8822 Lee Lee Tamahori Tamahori $456$456,000,000,00,0000 $142$142,000,000,00,0000 $546$546,490,490,27,2722 21 21 CasinoCasino Royale Royale 20062006 22 22 QuantumQuantum of Solace of Solace 20082008 Daniel Daniel Craig Craig Martin Martin Campbell Campbell $599$599,200,200,00,0000 $150$150,000,000,00,0000 $640$640,803,803,67,6777 Marc Marc Forster Forster $515$515,588,588,68,6877 $230$230,000,000,00,0000 $515$515,588,588,68,6877 Totals
Totals Films 1-Films 1-22 22 $4,739,157,4 $4,739,157,4 47 47 $1,123,000,0 $1,123,000,0 00 00 $11,615,711,9 $11,615,711,9 60 60
** Figure as of 6 May 2007 (source - Figure as of 6 May 2007 (source - commanderbond.net commanderbond.net ). ). **
** Figures are inflated to 2008 dollars as of Figures are inflated to 2008 dollars as of 24 March 2008 figures based on the24 March 2008 figures based on the Consumer Price Index.
Consumer Price Index. ***
*** All figures are in US Dollars All figures are in US Dollars[36][36]
Non-EON films, radio and television programmes Non-EON films, radio and television programmes In 1954,
In 1954, CBSCBS paid Ian Fleming for the rights to adaptpaid Ian Fleming for the rights to adaptCasino RoyaleCasino Royaleinto a one hour into a one hour television
television adventure as part of their adventure as part of their Climax!Climax! series. However, Barry Nelson played a CIAseries. However, Barry Nelson played a CIA
agent named Jimmy Bond, Clarence Lieter was a British agent played by Michael Pate agent named Jimmy Bond, Clarence Lieter was a British agent played by Michael Pate and Peter Lorre was Le Chiffre.
In 1956,
In 1956, Bob HolnessBob Holnessstarred in a South African radio adapstarred in a South African radio adaptation of Moonraker, makingtation of Moonraker, making him the second actor to portray James Bond.
him the second actor to portray James Bond.
According to Andrew Pixley's notes to Danger Man Original soundtrack,
According to Andrew Pixley's notes to Danger Man Original soundtrack, Ian FlemingIan Fleming
collaborated with
collaborated with Ralph SmartRalph Smartto bring James Bond to television, but to bring James Bond to television, but dropped out takingdropped out taking his creation with him. Ralph Smart went on to develop
his creation with him. Ralph Smart went on to develop Danger ManDanger Manwithwith Patrick Patrick
McGoohan
McGoohanwho would later turn down James Bond.who would later turn down James Bond. In 1967,
In 1967,Casino RoyaleCasino Royalewas adapted into a spoof Bonwas adapted into a spoof Bond film starringd film starring David NivenDavid Nivenas Sir as Sir
James Bond 007 and
James Bond 007 and Ursula AndressUrsula Andress as Vas Vesper Lyesper Lynd. David nd. David Niven, had, in Niven, had, in fact, beenfact, been IanIan
Fleming
Fleming's preference for the part of James Bond.'s preference for the part of James Bond.[37][37]EON ProductionsEON Productions, however, chose, however, chose Sean Connery
Sean Connery. David Niven is the on. David Niven is the only James Bond actor who is mentioned bly James Bond actor who is mentioned by name iny name in the text of two of Fleming's James Bond novels. In
the text of two of Fleming's James Bond novels. In On Her Majesty's Secret ServiceOn Her Majesty's Secret Service,,
Bond visits an exclusive ski resort and is told
Bond visits an exclusive ski resort and is told that David Niven is a frequent that David Niven is a frequent visitor and invisitor and in You Only Live Twice
You Only Live Twice Kissy Suzuki mentions him as the only man who had Kissy Suzuki mentions him as the only man who had been kind tobeen kind to
her in her brief foray to Hollywood. Ursula Andress is also mentioned in the text of her in her brief foray to Hollywood. Ursula Andress is also mentioned in the text of OnOn Her Majesty's Secret Service
Her Majesty's Secret Serviceas being present at the ski as being present at the ski resort.resort. The 1973
The 1973 BBCBBCdocumentarydocumentaryOmnibusOmnibus: The British Hero: The British Herofeaturedfeatured Christopher CazenoveChristopher Cazenove playing a number of such
playing a number of such title characters (e.g.title characters (e.g. Richard HannayRichard Hannayandand Bulldog DrummondBulldog Drummond),), including James Bond in dramatised scenes from
including James Bond in dramatised scenes from Goldfinger Goldfinger - notably featuring the hero- notably featuring the hero
being threatened with the novel's circular saw, rather than the film's laser beam - and being threatened with the novel's circular saw, rather than the film's laser beam - and Diamonds Are Forever
Diamonds Are Forever ..[38][38]
A legal loophole allowed
A legal loophole allowed Kevin McCloryKevin McCloryto release a remake of to release a remake of Thunderball Thunderball titledtitled Never Never
Say Never Again
Say Never Again in 1983. The film, featuringin 1983. The film, featuring Sean ConnerySean Conneryas Bond, is not considered anas Bond, is not considered an
"official" James Bond film because it is not part of the
"official" James Bond film because it is not part of the Bond film franchise fromBond film franchise from EONEON
Productions
Productions andand United ArtistsUnited Artists, although it , although it is currently owned by is currently owned by United ArtistUnited Artists parents parent MGM. Its original theatrical release in October 1983 ac
MGM. Its original theatrical release in October 1983 actually created a situation in whichtually created a situation in which two Bond movies were playing in theaters at the same time, as the "official" EON Bond two Bond movies were playing in theaters at the same time, as the "official" EON Bond film,
film,OctopussyOctopussy was still playing in theaters. Since then, MGM has bought was still playing in theaters. Since then, MGM has bought the namethe name
"James Bond", preventing a repeat of this episode. "James Bond", preventing a repeat of this episode.
Y
Year ear TitlTitle e Type Type ActoActorr Total BoxTotal Box Office
Office BudgetBudget
Inflation Inflation Adjusted Adjusted T
Total Botal Boxox Office** Office** 1954
1954 Casino RoyaleCasino Royale TVTVEpisodeEpisode Nelson NelsonBarryBarry nn//aa $$2255,,000000 nn//aa
1956
1956 Moonraker Moonraker RadioRadio BobBobHolnessHolness nn//aa nn//aa
1967
1967 Casino RoyaleCasino Royale FilmFilm Niven NivenDavidDavid $4$44,4,400400,0,00000 $1$12,02,00000,00,0000 $27$274,4,243243,1,11313
1983
1983 Never Say Never Never Say Never
Again
Again FilmFilm
Sean
Sean
Connery
1990
1990 You Only LiveYou Only Live Twice
Twice RadioRadio
Michael
Michael
Jayston
Jayston nn//aa nn//aa
1991
1991 James Bond Jr. James Bond Jr.
TV TV cartoon cartoon series series Corey Corey Burton
Burton nn//aa nn//aa
2008
2008 Dr. No Dr. No RadioRadio TobyTobyStephensStephens nn//aa nn//aa T
Toottaallss $$220044,,440000,,000000 $$4488,,000000,,000000 $$660022,,886600,,000000
Actors Actors
Main article:
Main article: List of actors considered for the James Bond character List of actors considered for the James Bond character
Cultural impact Cultural impact
See also:
See also: James Bond parodies James Bond parodies
Statues of Bond actors
Statues of Bond actors Pierce BrosnanPierce Brosnan andand Sean ConnerySean Conneryatat Madame TussaudsMadame Tussauds..
James Bond has long been a household name and remains a huge influence within the James Bond has long been a household name and remains a huge influence within the genre. The
genre. The Austin Powers Austin Powers series by writer, producer and comedianseries by writer, producer and comedian Mike MyersMike Myers, and other , and other
parodies such as
parodies such as Johnny English Johnny English (2003),(2003), Bons baisers de Hong Kong Bons baisers de Hong Kong ,,OK ConneryOK Connery, the, the
""FlintFlint" series starring" series starring James CoburnJames Coburnas Derek Flint, the "as Derek Flint, the "Matt HelmMatt Helm" movies starring" movies starring Dean Martin
Dean Martin, and, andCasino RoyaleCasino Royale (1967) are testaments to Bond's prominence in p(1967) are testaments to Bond's prominence in popular opular culture.
culture.[39][39]
The Bond series also received many
The Bond series also received many homages and parodieshomages and parodiesin popular media. The 1960sin popular media. The 1960s TV imitations of James Bond such as
TV imitations of James Bond such as I Spy I Spy,,Get Smart Get Smart ,,Charles VineCharles Vine,,Matt HelmMatt HelmandandTheThe
Man from U.N.C.L.E.
Man from U.N.C.L.E. went on to become went on to become popular successes in their own right, the lastpopular successes in their own right, the last
having enjoyed contributions by Fleming towards its creation: the show's lead
having enjoyed contributions by Fleming towards its creation: the show's lead character,character, "" Napoleon Solo Napoleon Solo," was named after a character in Fleming's novel," was named after a character in Fleming's novel Goldfinger Goldfinger ; Fleming; Fleming also suggested the character name April Dancer, which was later used in the spin-off also suggested the character name April Dancer, which was later used in the spin-off series
series The Girl from U.N.C.L.E.The Girl from U.N.C.L.E...[40][40]A reunionA reunion television movietelevision movie,,The Return of the ManThe Return of the Man
from U.N.C.L.E.
from U.N.C.L.E. (1983), is notable for featuring a ca(1983), is notable for featuring a cameo by George Lazenby as Jamesmeo by George Lazenby as James
Bond in tribute to Fleming (for legal reasons, the
George Lucas
George Lucas has said on various occasions that Sean Connery's portrayal of Bond washas said on various occasions that Sean Connery's portrayal of Bond was one of the primary inspirations for the
one of the primary inspirations for the Indiana JonesIndiana Jonescharacter, a reason Connery wascharacter, a reason Connery was chosen for the role of Indiana's
chosen for the role of Indiana's father in the third film of that seriesfather in the third film of that series..[41][41][42][42] Music
Music
Main article:
Main article: James Bond music James Bond music
The "
The "James Bond ThemeJames Bond Theme" was written by" was written by Monty NormanMonty Normanand was first orchestrated byand was first orchestrated by the
the John BarryJohn BarryOrchestra for 1962'sOrchestra for 1962's Dr. No Dr. No, although the actual authorship of the music, although the actual authorship of the music has been a matter of
has been a matter of controversy for many years. In 2001, Norman won £3controversy for many years. In 2001, Norman won £30,000 in libel0,000 in libel damages from the British paper
damages from the British paper The Sunday The Sunday TimesTimes, which suggested that Barry was, which suggested that Barry was
entirely responsible for the composition. entirely responsible for the composition.[43][43] Barry did go on to compose the
Barry did go on to compose the scoresscores for eleven Bond films in addition to for eleven Bond films in addition to his uncreditedhis uncredited contribution to
contribution to Dr. No Dr. No, and is credited with the creation of ", and is credited with the creation of "007007," used as an alternate," used as an alternate Bond theme in several films, as well as
Bond theme in several films, as well as the popular orchestrated theme "On Her Majesty'sthe popular orchestrated theme "On Her Majesty's Secret Service." Both the "James Bond Theme"
Secret Service." Both the "James Bond Theme" and "On Her Majesty's Secret Service"and "On Her Majesty's Secret Service" have been
have been remixedremixeda number of times by popular a number of times by popular artists, includingartists, including Art of NoiseArt of Noise,, MobyMoby,, Paul Oakenfold
Paul Oakenfold, and the, and the PropellerheadsPropellerheads.. The Beatles used a portion of the "Bond theme"The Beatles used a portion of the "Bond theme" in the introduction of their song "Help" as released on the American version of the "Help" in the introduction of their song "Help" as released on the American version of the "Help" LP. The British/Australian
LP. The British/Australian string quartetstring quartetalso namedalso named bond bond(purposely in lower case)(purposely in lower case) recorded their own version of the theme, entitled "Bond on Bond."
recorded their own version of the theme, entitled "Bond on Bond."[44][44] Barry's legacy was followed by
Barry's legacy was followed by David ArnoldDavid Arnold, in addition to other well-known composers, in addition to other well-known composers such as Chris Minear and Corbin Ott
such as Chris Minear and Corbin Ott andand record producersrecord producerssuch assuch as George MartinGeorge Martin,, BillBill
Conti
Conti,, Michael KamenMichael Kamen,, Marvin HamlischMarvin Hamlisch andand Éric SerraÉric Serra. Arnold is the series' current. Arnold is the series' current composer of choice and composed the score for the 22nd Bond film,
composer of choice and composed the score for the 22nd Bond film,Quantum of SolaceQuantum of Solace.. A Bond film staple are the theme songs heard during their
A Bond film staple are the theme songs heard during their title sequencestitle sequencessung by well-sung by well-known popular singers (which have included
known popular singers (which have included Tina Turner Tina Turner ,, Paul McCartney and Paul McCartney and WingsWings,, Sheryl Crow
Sheryl Crow andand Tom JonesTom Jones, among many others)., among many others). Shirley BasseyShirley Basseyperformed threeperformed three themes in total. After
themes in total. After Doctor No Doctor No,,On Her Majesty's Secret ServiceOn Her Majesty's Secret Serviceis the only Bond filmis the only Bond film with a solely instrumental theme, though
with a solely instrumental theme, though Louis ArmstrongLouis Armstrong''s ballad "s ballad "We Have All theWe Have All the
Time in the World
Time in the World," which serves as Bond and his wife Tracy's," which serves as Bond and his wife Tracy's love songlove song and whose titleand whose title is Bond's last line in the film, is considered the unofficial theme. Likewise, although the is Bond's last line in the film, is considered the unofficial theme. Likewise, although the credit sequence to
credit sequence to From Russia with LoveFrom Russia with Love features an instrumental version of the film'sfeatures an instrumental version of the film's theme, another version, with lyrics sung by
theme, another version, with lyrics sung by Matt MonroMatt Monro, can be partially heard within the, can be partially heard within the film itself, and is featured on the film's soundtrack album.
film itself, and is featured on the film's soundtrack album. The themes usually share
The themes usually share their names with their their names with their film. A film. A large reason for the turning large reason for the turning downdown of Mr. Kiss Kiss Bang Bang for
of Mr. Kiss Kiss Bang Bang for ThunderballThunderballwas that it was not named after the movie.was that it was not named after the movie. "" Nobody Does It Better Nobody Does It Better ", the theme for ", the theme for The Spy Who Loved MeThe Spy Who Loved Me , was the first Bond, was the first Bond
theme not to share its title with that of
theme not to share its title with that of the movie, although the words "the the movie, although the words "the spy who lovedspy who loved me" do appear in
me" do appear in the lyrics. The song is featured in both credit sequences the lyrics. The song is featured in both credit sequences of the film, andof the film, and in orchestral form throughout. "Nobody Does It Better" was
in orchestral form throughout. "Nobody Does It Better" was nominated for annominated for an AcademyAcademy
Award
Life
Life. Hamlisch's score for the film was also nominated for an . Hamlisch's score for the film was also nominated for an ""Oscar Oscar ", but lost to John", but lost toJohn
Williams
Williams'' score for score for Star WarsStar Wars..
The only other Bond themes to be nominated for an
The only other Bond themes to be nominated for an AcadeAcademy Amy Awardward for best song arefor best song are ""Live and Let DieLive and Let Die", written by", written by PaulPaul andand Linda McCartneyLinda McCartneyand performed by their groupand performed by their group Wings
Wings, and ", and "For Your Eyes OnlyFor Your Eyes Only", written by", written by Bill ContiBill Contiandand Michael LeesonMichael Leesonandand performed by
performed by Sheena EastonSheena Easton,, though a few of John Barry's scores have been nominated.though a few of John Barry's scores have been nominated. The only Bond theme to reach number one on the pop charts in the US was Duran
The only Bond theme to reach number one on the pop charts in the US was Duran Duran's "A V
Duran's "A View to iew to a Kill."a Kill."
The only singer, to date, to appear within a
The only singer, to date, to appear within a title sequence istitle sequence is Sheena EastonSheena Easton duringduring For For
Your Eyes Only
Your Eyes Only.. The only singer of a title song to The only singer of a title song to appear as a character within the appear as a character within the filmfilm
itself, to date, is
itself, to date, is MadonnaMadonna, who , who appeared (uncredited) appeared (uncredited) as fencing as fencing instructor Vinstructor Verityerity, as , as wellwell as contributing the theme for
as contributing the theme for Die Another Day Die Another Day. The title sequence in. The title sequence in Die Another Day Die Another Day isis notable, however, for being the only one
notable, however, for being the only one in which the visuals actually serve to further thein which the visuals actually serve to further the plot of the film itself, as opposed to
plot of the film itself, as opposed to being merely a montage or collage being merely a montage or collage of abstract imagesof abstract images related to the film or to the
related to the film or to the larger James Bond mythos.larger James Bond mythos. The latest theme song is
The latest theme song is Alicia KeysAlicia Keys andand Jack WhiteJack White''s "s "Another Way to DieAnother Way to Die", from", from Quantum of Solace
Quantum of Solace, the first James Bond theme song , the first James Bond theme song to be a duet. It is ato be a duet. It is also the fourthlso the fourth
Bond movie that doesn't have the name of the movie in its lyrics. Bond movie that doesn't have the name of the movie in its lyrics. In 1998, Barry's music from
In 1998, Barry's music from You Only Live TwiceYou Only Live Twicewas adapted into the hit songwas adapted into the hit song Millennium
Millennium by producer and composer by producer and composer Guy ChambersGuy Chambersfor British recording artistfor British recording artist RobbieRobbie
Williams
Williams. The music video features Williams parodying James Bond, and references. The music video features Williams parodying James Bond, and references other Bond films such as
other Bond films such as Thunderball Thunderball andand From Russia With Love From Russia With Love. It should also be. It should also be noted that the video
noted that the video was filmed at Pinewood Studios, where most of the Bond was filmed at Pinewood Studios, where most of the Bond films havefilms have been made.
been made. In 2004 the
In 2004 the Cavaliers Drum and Bugle CorpsCavaliers Drum and Bugle Corpswon thewon the Drum Corps InternationalDrum Corps InternationalWorldWorld Championship with "007," using the
Championship with "007," using the music of James Bond as composed bmusic of James Bond as composed by Davidy David Arnold. The Cavaliers performed selections from
Arnold. The Cavaliers performed selections from GoldenEyeGoldenEye,, Die Another Day Die Another Day ("Hovercraft Theme" and "Welcome to Cuba"), and
("Hovercraft Theme" and "Welcome to Cuba"), andTomorrow Never DiesTomorrow Never Dies.. Burt Bacharach
Burt Bacharach's score for 1967's's score for 1967's Casino RoyaleCasino Royale included "included "The Look Of LoveThe Look Of Love",", nominated for an
nominated for an Academy Award for Best SongAcademy Award for Best Song, has become a standard for its era, with, has become a standard for its era, with the biggest-selling version recorded by
the biggest-selling version recorded by Sergio MendesSergio Mendesandand Brasil '66Brasil '66 (#4 on the Billboard(#4 on the Billboard pop charts in 1968). It was heard again in the
pop charts in 1968). It was heard again in the first Austin Powers filmfirst Austin Powers film, which was to a, which was to a degree inspired by
degree inspired byCasino RoyaleCasino Royale.. Video games
Video games Main article:
Main article: James Bond (games) James Bond (games)
In 1983, the first Bond video game, developed and published by
In 1983, the first Bond video game, developed and published by Parker BrothersParker Brothers, was, was released for the
ColecoVision
ColecoVision..[45][45]Since then, there have been numerous video games either based on theSince then, there have been numerous video games either based on the films or using original storylines.
films or using original storylines.
Bond video games, however, did not reac
Bond video games, however, did not reach their popular stride until 1997's revolutionaryh their popular stride until 1997's revolutionary GoldenEye 007
GoldenEye 007 by by RareRarefor thefor the Nintendo 64 Nintendo 64..[46][46]SubsequentlySubsequently, virtually every , virtually every Bond videoBond video
game has attempted to copy the accomplishments and features of
game has attempted to copy the accomplishments and features of GoldenEye 007 GoldenEye 007 toto varying degrees of success; even going so far as to have a game entitled
varying degrees of success; even going so far as to have a game entitledGoldenEye:GoldenEye:
Rogue Agent
Rogue Agent that had little to do with either the that had little to do with either the video gamevideo gameGoldenEye 007 GoldenEye 007 or the film of or the film of the same name. Bond
the same name. Bond himself plays only a minor role in which he is "himself plays only a minor role in which he is "killed" in thekilled" in the beginning during a '
beginning during a 'virtual realityvirtual reality'' mission, which served as the first level of the mission, which served as the first level of the game.game. Since acquiring the licence in 1999,
Since acquiring the licence in 1999, Electronic ArtsElectronic Arts has released eight games, five of has released eight games, five of which have original stories, including the popular
which have original stories, including the popular Everything or Nothing Everything or Nothing ,, which brokewhich broke
away from the
away from the first-person shooter first-person shooter trend that started withtrend that started withGoldenEye 007 (including theGoldenEye 007 (including the games "Agent Under Fire" and
games "Agent Under Fire" and "Nightfire") and instead featured a"Nightfire") and instead featured a third-personthird-person
perspective. It also featured well known actors including
perspective. It also featured well known actors including Willem DafoeWillem Dafoe,, Heidi KlumHeidi Klum,, JudiJudi
Dench
Dench,, John CleeseJohn Cleese andand Pierce BrosnanPierce Brosnan as James Bond, although several previous gamesas James Bond, although several previous games have used Brosnan's likeness as Bond.
have used Brosnan's likeness as Bond. In 2005, Electronic Arts released a video gameIn 2005, Electronic Arts released a video game adaptation of
adaptation of From Russia with Love From Russia with Love,, another game in the same vein asanother game in the same vein as Everything or Everything or Nothing
Nothing . This was the second game based . This was the second game based on a Connery Bond film (the first was a 19on a Connery Bond film (the first was a 1980s80s text adventure
text adventureadaptation of Goldfinger adaptation of Goldfinger ) and the first to allow the player to play as Bond) and the first to allow the player to play as Bond with the likeness of
with the likeness of Sean ConnerySean Connery.. Connery himself recorded new voice-overs for theConnery himself recorded new voice-overs for the game, the first time the actor had
game, the first time the actor had played Bond in twenty-two years.played Bond in twenty-two years. In 2006,
In 2006, ActivisionActivision secured the licence to make Bond-related games, briefly sharing butsecured the licence to make Bond-related games, briefly sharing but effectively taking over the licence from EA. The deal
effectively taking over the licence from EA. The deal became exclusive to Activision inbecame exclusive to Activision in September 2007.
September 2007.[47][47]Activision studio Treyarch has released the new James Bond gameActivision studio Treyarch has released the new James Bond game "Quantum of Solace" a movie tie in of "Casino Royale" and "Quantum of Solace" it (not "Quantum of Solace" a movie tie in of "Casino Royale" and "Quantum of Solace" it (not unlike "Goldeneye 007") is a
unlike "Goldeneye 007") is a first person shooter and it does include a first person shooter and it does include a new 'dashing tonew 'dashing to cover' and 'cover fire' third
cover' and 'cover fire' third person game playperson game play.. In relation to the twenty-first film in the series
In relation to the twenty-first film in the series Sony EricssonSony Ericssonreleased areleased a Casino RoyaleCasino Royale
edition of their
edition of their K800iK800i mobile phone. In this edition, amobile phone. In this edition, a Java MEJava MEgame loosely based on thegame loosely based on the movie was included.
movie was included. VodafoneVodafonehas also published a game for the same platform calledhas also published a game for the same platform called 007: Hoverchase
007: Hoverchaseand developed by IOMOand developed byIOMO.. Comic strips and comic books Comic strips and comic books
Main articles:
Main articles: James Bond (comic strip) James Bond (comic strip)and and James Bond comic books James Bond comic books
In 1957 the
In 1957 the Daily Express Daily Express, a newspaper owned by, a newspaper owned by Lord Beaverbrook Lord Beaverbrook , approached Ian, approached Ian
Fleming to adapt
Fleming to adapt his stories into comic strips. After initial reluctance by Fleming his stories into comic strips. After initial reluctance by Fleming who feltwho felt the strips would lack the quality of his writing, agreed
the strips would lack the quality of his writing, agreed and the first stripand the first stripCasino RoyaleCasino Royale
was published in 1958. Since then many illustrated adventures of James Bond have been was published in 1958. Since then many illustrated adventures of James Bond have been published, including every Ian Fleming novel
published, including every Ian Fleming novel as well asas well as Kingsley Amis'sKingsley Amis's Colonel SunColonel Sun,,
and most of Fleming's short stories. Later, the comic strip produced original stories, and most of Fleming's short stories. Later, the comic strip produced original stories, continuing until 1983.
Titan Books
Titan Books is presently reprinting these comic strips in anis presently reprinting these comic strips in an ongoing seriesongoing seriesof of graphicgraphic
novel
novel-style collections; by the end of 2005 it had -style collections; by the end of 2005 it had completed reprinting all Fleming-basedcompleted reprinting all Fleming-based adaptations as well as
adaptations as well as Colonel SunColonel Sunand had moved on to reprinting original stories.and had moved on to reprinting original stories. Several
Several comic book comic book adaptations of the James Bond films have been published through theadaptations of the James Bond films have been published through the years, as well as numerous original stories.
years, as well as numerous original stories.
Most recently, a thinly-veiled version of Bond (called only "Jimmy" to avoid copyright Most recently, a thinly-veiled version of Bond (called only "Jimmy" to avoid copyright issues) appeared in
issues) appeared in The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen: Black Dossier The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen: Black Dossier . In this story,. In this story,
Bond is the villain; he chases the heroic duo of
Bond is the villain; he chases the heroic duo of Mina MurrayMina Murrayandand Allan QuatermainAllan Quatermain
across London, aided b
across London, aided by disguised versions of y disguised versions of Bulldog DrummondBulldog Drummond("Hugo Drummond")("Hugo Drummond") and
and Emma PeelEmma Peel("Miss Night").("Miss Night"). Characters
Characters See also:
See also: List of James Bond allies List of James Bond allies , , List of James Bond villains List of James Bond villains , , and and Bond girl Bond girl
The James Bond series of novels and
The James Bond series of novels and films have a plethora of allies and films have a plethora of allies and villains. Bond'svillains. Bond's superiors and other officers of the British Secret Service are known b
superiors and other officers of the British Secret Service are known by letters, such asy letters, such as MM
and
and QQ. In the novels, Bond . In the novels, Bond has employed two secretaries,has employed two secretaries, Loelia PonsonbyLoelia Ponsonbyandand MaryMary
Goodnight
Goodnight, who in the films typically have their roles and lines transferred to M's, who in the films typically have their roles and lines transferred to M's secretary,
secretary, Miss MoneypennyMiss Moneypenny. Occasionally Bond is assigned to work a . Occasionally Bond is assigned to work a case with his goodcase with his good friend,
friend, CIACIA agentagent Felix Leiter Felix Leiter ..
Throughout both the novels and the films there have only been a handful of
Throughout both the novels and the films there have only been a handful of recurringrecurring
characters
characters. Some of the more memorable ones include. Some of the more memorable ones include Bill Tanner Bill Tanner ,, Rene MathisRene Mathis,, Jack Jack
Wade
Wade,, JawsJaws and recentlyand recently Charles RobinsonCharles Robinson.. J.W. Pepper J.W. Pepper is also a recurring is also a recurring character.character.[48][48] Vehicles and gadgets
Vehicles and gadgets Main articles:
Main articles: List of James Bond vehicles List of James Bond vehicles , , List of James Bond gadgets List of James Bond gadgets , and , and List List
of James Bond firearms
of James Bond firearms
Exotic espionage equipment and vehicles are very popular elements of James Bond's Exotic espionage equipment and vehicles are very popular elements of James Bond's literary and cinematic missions. These items often prove critically important to Bond in literary and cinematic missions. These items often prove critically important to Bond in successfully completing his missions.
successfully completing his missions.
An
Fleming's novels and early screen adaptations presented minimal equ
Fleming's novels and early screen adaptations presented minimal equipment such asipment such as From Russia with Love'
From Russia with Love' s booby-trappeds booby-trapped attaché caseattaché case. In. In Dr. No Dr. No, Bond's sole gadgets were, Bond's sole gadgets were aa Geiger counter Geiger counter and a wristwatch with a luminous (andand a wristwatch with a luminous (and radioactiveradioactive) face. The gadgets,) face. The gadgets, however, assumed a higher profile in the 1964
however, assumed a higher profile in the 1964 filmfilmGoldfinger Goldfinger . The film's success. The film's success encouraged further espionage equipment from Q Branch to be supplied to Bond. In the encouraged further espionage equipment from Q Branch to be supplied to Bond. In the opinion of critics, some Bond films have included too many gadgets and vehicles,
opinion of critics, some Bond films have included too many gadgets and vehicles,[49][49]suchsuch as 1979's
as 1979's science fictionscience fiction-oriented-orientedMoonraker Moonraker and 2002'sand 2002's Die Another Day Die Another Day.. James Bond's
James Bond's cars have cars have included the Aston Martin included the Aston Martin DB5, V8 VDB5, V8 Vantage (80s), V12 Vanquishantage (80s), V12 Vanquish and DBS (00s); the Lotus Esprit; the
and DBS (00s); the Lotus Esprit; the BMW Z3BMW Z3,, BMW 750iLBMW 750iL and theand the BMW Z8BMW Z8. Bond's. Bond's most famous car is the silver grey
most famous car is the silver grey Aston Martin DB5Aston Martin DB5, first seen in, first seen in Goldfinger Goldfinger ; it later ; it later features in
features inThunderball Thunderball ,,GoldenEyeGoldenEye,,Tomorrow Never Dies, andTomorrow Never Dies, andCasino Royale. TheCasino Royale. The films have used
films have used a number of a number of different Adifferent Aston Martin DB5s for filming ston Martin DB5s for filming and publicity, oneand publicity, one of which was sold in January 2006 at an auction in
of which was sold in January 2006 at an auction in ArizonaArizona for $2,090,000 to anfor $2,090,000 to an unnamed European collector. That specific car was originally sold for £5,000 in 197 unnamed European collector. That specific car was originally sold for £5,000 in 1970.0.[50][50] In Fleming's books, Bond had
In Fleming's books, Bond had a penchant for "battleship grey"a penchant for "battleship grey" BentleysBentleys,, while Gardner while Gardner awarded the agent a modified
awarded the agent a modified Saab 900Saab 900Turbo (nicknamed the Silver BeastTurbo (nicknamed theSilver Beast) and later a) and later a Bentley Mulsanne
Bentley MulsanneTurbo.Turbo.
In the James Bond film adaptations, Bond has been associated with several well-known In the James Bond film adaptations, Bond has been associated with several well-known watches, usually outfitted with high-tech features not found on production models. The watches, usually outfitted with high-tech features not found on production models. The Rolex Submariner
Rolex Submariner , one of the few recurring mode, one of the few recurring models, was worn by Sean Connery, Georgels, was worn by Sean Connery, George Lazenby, Roger Moore, and Timothy Dalton's versions of James Bon
Lazenby, Roger Moore, and Timothy Dalton's versions of James Bond. Roger Moore d. Roger Moore alsoalso sported a number of digital watches by
sported a number of digital watches by Pulsar Pulsar andand SeikoSeiko.. Pierce Brosnan's and DanielPierce Brosnan's and Daniel Craig's James Bonds were both devotees of the
Craig's James Bonds were both devotees of the Omega Seamaster Omega Seamaster . The selection of James. The selection of James Bond's watch has been a matter of both style and finance, as product placement
Bond's watch has been a matter of both style and finance, as product placement agreements with the watch manufacturers have frequently been arranged.
agreements with the watch manufacturers have frequently been arranged. Bond's weapon of choice in the beginning of
Bond's weapon of choice in the beginning of Dr. No Dr. Nois an Italian-made Beretta 418is an Italian-madeBeretta 418.25.25 calibre, later replaced by the German-made
calibre, later replaced by the German-made Walther PPK Walther PPK , chambered in 7.65mm, chambered in7.65mm (a(a peculiar choice, as
peculiar choice, as Valentin ZukovskyValentin Zukovskyremarks inremarks in GoldenEyeGoldenEye: the PPK as found in the: the PPK as found in the
U.S. and West
U.S. and Western Europe is ern Europe is most commonly chambered most commonly chambered inin .380ACP.380ACP). The PPK was used). The PPK was used in every subsequent film and became his
in every subsequent film and became his signature weaponsignature weaponuntil the ending of until the ending of TomorrowTomorrow Never Dies
Never Dies, when Bond upgraded to the, when Bond upgraded to the Walther P99Walther P99. He has subsequently used the P99. He has subsequently used the P99 pistol in
pistol in Tomorrow Never DiesTomorrow Never Dies,,The WThe World Is orld Is Not EnoughNot Enough,, Die Another Day Die Another Day, and, andCasinoCasino Royale
Royale. Strangely. Strangely, Bond , Bond resumed use of resumed use of the PPK inthe PPK in Quantum of SolaceQuantum of Solace, the direct sequel, the direct sequel of
of Casino RoyaleCasino Royale..
Biography Biography
Family and early years Family and early years
See also:
An illustration of James Bond as he appe
An illustration of James Bond as he appears in thears in theYoung Bond Young Bond series by Charlie Higsonseries by Charlie Higson James Bond is an
James Bond is an agelessagelesscharacter in his late thirties. Incharacter in his late thirties. In Moonraker Moonraker ,, he admits to beinghe admits to being
eight years shy of mandatory retirement at age forty-five, therefore, James Bond is eight years shy of mandatory retirement at age forty-five, therefore, James Bond is thirty-seven years old.
seven years old.[2][2]The actors who have portrayed Bond have varied greatly in age.The actors who have portrayed Bond have varied greatly in age. George Lazenby
George Lazenbywas 29 whenwas 29 whenOn Her Majesty's Secret ServiceOn Her Majesty's Secret Servicewas released, whilewas released, while
Roger Moore
Roger Moorewas 58 whenwas 58 when A View to a Kill A View to a Kill was released.was released.
James Bond's birth year is unknown becau
James Bond's birth year is unknown because Fleming changed the dates and se Fleming changed the dates and times of times of events. Most researchers and biographers concluded that he was born either in 1917, events. Most researchers and biographers concluded that he was born either in 1917, 1920, 1921, or 1924 (
1920, 1921, or 1924 (see moresee more). Ian Fleming never said where James Bond was born). Ian Fleming never said where James Bond was born although people have speculated, based on derivative works.
although people have speculated, based on derivative works. You Only Live Twice
You Only Live Twice reveals Bond is the son of areveals Bond is the son of a ScottishScottish father, father, Andrew Bond, Andrew Bond, of of Glencoe
Glencoe, and a, and a SwissSwiss mother, Monique Delacroix, of themother, Monique Delacroix, of the Canton de VaudCanton de Vaud. The boy James. The boy James Bond spends much of h
Bond spends much of his early life abroad, becoming multilingual inis early life abroad, becoming multilingual in GermanGerman andand FrenchFrench
because of his father's being a
because of his father's being a VickersVickers armaments company representative. When hisarmaments company representative. When his parents are killed in a
parents are killed in a mountain climbingmountain climbingaccident in theaccident in the Aiguilles RougesAiguilles Rougesnear near Chamonix
Chamonix, eleven-year-old James is orphaned., eleven-year-old James is orphaned.[3][3] In
In On Her Majesty's Secret ServiceOn Her Majesty's Secret Service, the Bond family motto might be, the Bond family motto might be non sufficit Orbisnon sufficit Orbis ((LatinLatinfor "The world is not enough"). The coat of arms and motto belonged to thefor "The world is not enough"). The coat of arms and motto belonged to the historical Sir Thomas Bond; his relation to James Bond is unclear and neglected by the historical Sir Thomas Bond; his relation to James Bond is unclear and neglected by the latter
latter. In fact, . In fact, he is indifferent to his he is indifferent to his potentialpotential genealogicalgenealogicalrelationship to Sir Thomasrelationship to Sir Thomas Bond, demonstrated by his abrupt response to
Bond, demonstrated by his abrupt response to Griffin Or on being told of the motto:Griffin Or on being told of the motto: ““Griffon Or broke in excitedly, 'And this charming motto of the line, "The World is not Enough".Griffon Or broke in excitedly, 'And this charming motto of the line, "The World is not Enough". Y
You do not wish to have ou do not wish to have the right to it?' 'It ithe right to it?' 'It is an excellent motto which I shall certainly adopt,'s an excellent motto which I shall certainly adopt,' said Bond curtly
said Bond curtly. He . He looked pointedly at his watch. 'Now I'm afraid we looked pointedly at his watch. 'Now I'm afraid we really must get down toreally must get down to business. I have to report back
On Her Majesty's Secret Service
On Her Majesty's Secret Service, Chapter 6: Bond of Bond Street?, Chapter 6: Bond of Bond Street?
After the death of his parents, he
After the death of his parents, he goes to live with his aunt, Miss Charmian Bond, goes to live with his aunt, Miss Charmian Bond, inin PettPett
Bottom
Bottomvillage, where he completes his early education. village, where he completes his early education. Later, he briefly attendsLater, he briefly attends EtonEton
College
Collegeat "12 or thereabouts" (13 inat "12 or thereabouts" (13 inYoung Bond Young Bond ), but leaves after two halves because of ), but leaves after two halves because of girl trouble with a maid. He recounts losing his
girl trouble with a maid. He recounts losing his virginityvirginityat sixteen, on a first visit toat sixteen, on a first visit to Paris
Paris, in the short story "From a View to a Kill, in the short story "From a View to a Kill". Bond is removed from Eton and sent to". Bond is removed from Eton and sent to Fettes College
Fettes College inin EdinburghEdinburgh,, ScotlandScotland, his father's school. Per Pearson's, his father's school. Per Pearson's James Bond: James Bond: The Authorised Biography
The Authorised Biographyand an allusion in From Russia with Loveand an allusion in From Russia with Love,, Bond brieflyBond briefly
attended the
attended the University of GenevaUniversity of Geneva..[4][4]Some of Bond's education is based on Fleming'sSome of Bond's education is based on Fleming's own, both having attended Eton, and the University of Geneva. In the film
own, both having attended Eton, and the University of Geneva. In the filmYou Only LiveYou Only Live Twice
TwiceBond asserts having a First in Oriental Languages fromBond asserts having a First in Oriental Languages from Cambridge UniversityCambridge University; in; in the film,
the film, The Spy Who Loved MeThe Spy Who Loved Me, an acquaintance identifies him as a Cambridge, an acquaintance identifies him as a Cambridge
graduate; in the film
graduate; in the film Tomorrow Never DiesTomorrow Never Dies, Bond attends, Bond attends OxfordOxford to studyto study DanishDanish. The. The
polyglot Bond speaks
polyglot Bond speaks GermanGerman,, FrenchFrench,, RussianRussian, and, and JapaneseJapanese— yet, Ian Fleming's novel— yet, Ian Fleming's novel series, the films, and the post–Fleming continuation novels con
series, the films, and the post–Fleming continuation novels contradict each other abouttradict each other about which languages. In Quantum of Solace, Bond speaks some Spanish fluently and seems which languages. In Quantum of Solace, Bond speaks some Spanish fluently and seems to understand
to understand ItalianItalian..
In 1941, Bond lies about his age in order to enter the
In 1941, Bond lies about his age in order to enter the Royal Naval Volunteer ReserveRoyal Naval Volunteer Reserve
during
during World War IIWorld War II, from which he emerges a Commander , from which he emerges a Commander . He retains that rank while in. He retains that rank while in the British Secret Service of Fleming's novels, and the continuation novels, and the films. the British Secret Service of Fleming's novels, and the continuation novels, and the films. Continuation novelist John Gardner promoted Bond to
Continuation novelist John Gardner promoted Bond to CaptainCaptainininWWin, Lose in, Lose or Dieor Die. Since. Since
Raymond Benson's novels are a
Raymond Benson's novels are a rebootreboot, Bond is a Commander, and a member , Bond is a Commander, and a member of theof the RNVSR
RNVSR (Royal Naval V(Royal Naval Volunteer Supplementary Reserve), an olunteer Supplementary Reserve), an association of war veteranassociation of war veteran officers
officers..[5][5] In the SIS In the SIS Bond is a
Bond is a civil servantcivil servant, working in the, working in the Ministry of DefenceMinistry of Defenceas a Principal Officer,as a Principal Officer,[6][[6][7]7]aa civilian grade equivalent to a
civilian grade equivalent to a CaptainCaptainin thein the Royal NavyRoyal Navy..[8][8]
It is never stated when James Bond became a 00-agent, though references in
It is never stated when James Bond became a 00-agent, though references inCasinoCasino Royale
Royalesuggest during World War II whilesuggest during World War II while Goldfinger Goldfinger suggests 1952. After joining thesuggests 1952. After joining the
RNVR, Bond is mentioned travelling in
RNVR, Bond is mentioned travelling in the U.S.,the U.S., Hong KongHong Kong, and, and JamaicaJamaica, and that he, and that he joined another organisation, such as the
joined another organisation, such as the SOESOEor the 00-Section of the SIS or as leader of or the 00-Section of the SIS or as leader of aa Royal Marine unit on secret mission behind enemy lines in the war or in (Fleming's) "Red Royal Marine unit on secret mission behind enemy lines in the war or in (Fleming's) "Red Indians"
Indians" 30 Commando Assault Unit30 Commando Assault Unit(30 AU). One supporting fact is Bond in the(30 AU). One supporting fact is Bond in the Ardennes
Ardennes firing afiring a bazooka bazookain 1944.in 1944.[[citation needed citation needed ]]The 30 AU were the only British small unitThe 30 AU were the only British small unit
attached to the
attached to the US Army in Europe. In Bond's obituarUS Army in Europe. In Bond's obituaryy, his commanding , his commanding officerofficer,, MM,, alludes to the rank as cover:
alludes to the rank as cover:
"To serve the confidential nature of his duties, he was accorded the rank of "To serve the confidential nature of his duties, he was accorded the rank of lieutenant in the Special Branch of the
lieutenant in the Special Branch of the R.N.VR.N.V.R., and it is a measure of .R., and it is a measure of thethe
satisfaction his services gave to his superiors that he ended the war with the rank satisfaction his services gave to his superiors that he ended the war with the rank of Commander." —
