Distance Protection Setting

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CALCULATION FOR THE RELAY REL670 suratgarh

System Particulars A Line Parameters

1 Rated Line Voltage in KV 400

2 Line Length in kms 170

3 Max. Power Flow in the Line in MVA 600.00

4 Positive seqence Resistance in ohms/km 0.02662

5 Positive Sequence Reactance in ohms/km 0.33093

6 Zero sequence Resistance in ohms/km 0.261188

7 Zero sequence reactance in ohms/km 1.0313

8 Zero Sequence Mutual Resistance in ohms/km 0

9 Zero Sequence Mutual Reactance in ohms/km 0

B Adjoining Line parameters a) Shortest Line

1 Length of shortest line in kms 176

2 Positive Sequence Resistance in ohms/km 0.02662

4 Zero Sequence Resistance in ohms/km 0.261187

5 Zero sequence Reactance in ohms/km 1.0314

b) Longest Line

1 Length of longest line 176

c) Transformer

1 Transformer Impedance in pu N/A

2 Transformer MVA N/A

3 Positive Sequence Resistance in ohms/km N/A

4 Positive Sequence Reactance in ohms/km N/A

5 Zero Sequence Resistance in ohms/km N/A

6 Zero sequence Reactance in ohms/km N/A

d) Shortest Line (Reverse)

1 Length of shortest line in kms 0

C Source Impedance 1

FAULT MVA at Local-End (Maximum) 20000

FAULT MVA at Local-End (Minimum) 18000

FAULT MVA at Local-End 19000

2

FAULT MVA at Remote-End (Maximum) 18000

FAULT MVA at Remote-End (Minimum) 16000

radial feeder and there will not be any infeed from

the remote end. 17000

3 Source impedance angle in deg 80

4 Angle in radians 1.3968 LIN E NA ME : Assumed as 50% of zero sequence impedanc e

FAULT MVA at Remote-End ( When BC at S/S O is off, this feeder acts as a radial feeder

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5 Positive Sequence Resistance at local end, in ohms 0.000

6 Positive Sequence Reactance at local end, in ohms 8.600

7 Positive Sequence Resistance at remote end, in ohms 0.000

8 Positive Sequence Reactance at remote end, in ohms 9.200

D CT/PT Detail 1 CT primary rating in A 1000 2 CT secondary rating in A 1 3 PT primary rating in V 400000 4 PT secondary rating in V 110 E Relay Detail 1 Rated Current in A 1 2 Rated Voltage in V 110

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SYSTEM PARAMETERS

Fault Resistance in primary for phase - earth faults 20 Assumed Fault Resistance in primary for phase - earth faults 25 Assumed Fault Resistance in primary for phase - earth faults 30 Assumed Fault Resistance in primary for phase - phase faults 5 Assumed Fault Resistance in primary for phase - phase faults 8 Assumed Fault Resistance in primary for phase - phase faults 10 Assumed

Imp Ratio = CTR/PTR 0.275

zone-1 setting - % of the protected line 80% zone 2 setting - % of the shortest adjoining line 20% zone 3 setting - % of the longest adjoining line 120% 20% Line Impedance in secondary

1 Positive seqence Resistance in ohms 1.2445

2 Positive Sequence Reactance in ohms 15.471

3 Zero sequence Resistance in ohms 12.211

4 Zero sequence reactance in ohms 48.213

5 Zero Sequence Mutual Resistance in ohms 0

6 Zero Sequence Mutual Reactance in ohms 0

7 Line Angle 86

Shortest Line (Forward)

1 Positive Sequence Resistance in ohms 1.288

3 Zero Sequence Resistance in ohms 12.641

4 Zero sequence Reactance in ohms 49.92

Shortest Line (Reverse)

1 Positive Sequence Resistance in ohms 0

2 Positive Sequence Reactance in ohms 0

3 Zero Sequence Resistance in ohms 0

4 Zero sequence Reactance in ohms 0

Longest line section

1 Positive Sequence Resistance in ohms 1.288

3 Zero Sequence Resistance in ohms 12.641

4 Zero sequence Reactance in ohms 49.92

Zone-1 setting

1 Positive sequence Resistance in ohms 0.996

3 Zero sequence Resistance in ohms 9.769 9.769 9.769

4 Zero sequence reactance in ohms 38.57 38.57 38.57

5 Fault Resistance (ph-ph) 3.367

6 Fault Resistance (ph-e) 9.42

Zone-2 setting

3 Zero sequence Resistance in ohms 14.7392 14.6532 14.7392

4 Zero sequence reactance in ohms 58.197 57.8556 58.197

Zone-3 setting

3 Zero sequence Resistance in ohms 27.3802 26.8642 27.3802 4 Zero sequence reactance in ohms 108.117 106.0686 108.117

zone 5 setting - % of the adjacent shortest line in reverse direction

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Zone-5 setting

1 Positive seqence Resistance in ohms 0

2 Positive Sequence Reactance in ohms 0

3 Zero sequence Resistance in ohms 0

4 Zero sequence reactance in ohms 0

6 Fault Resistance (ph-e) 0

Load Impedance (primary) 266.6667

Load impedance (secondary) 73.33333

General Fault Criterion

69.3828 6.93828 27.8208 60.4472 216.234 21.6234 RLd - the resistive reach in the load impedance area 60.4472

Load Angle ARGLd 25 Assumed

Power Swing Block Function

41.62968 9.99624 52.0371 12.4953

The General Fault Criterion is an overall impedance measuring element with a very high reach and a long time delay for its tripping function.The GFC can be operated in two modes - the under impedance mode and the over current mode.In the under impedance mode, the GFC characteristic should, in general, cover all the impedance measuring zones used for distance protection, regardless of their directionality. Normally set to 2 times of zone-3 with a limit on the resistive direction so that the characteristics does not enter the load area.

Positive sequence reactance for ph-ph & ph-e elements in the forward direction (2 * X3)

Positive sequence reactance for ph-ph & ph-e elements in the reverse direction(20% of forward reach)

Positive sequence Resistance for phase to phase faults for forward and Reverse reach (2[2*R3 + Rf])

Positive sequence Resistance for phase to earth faults for forward and Reverse reach (2[1/3(2R3 + R03)+Rf]) Zero sequence reactance for ph-e elements in the forward direction (2 * X03)

Zero sequence reactance for ph-e elements in the reverse direction (20% of forward reach)

The reach of the Inner characteristic in the resistive and reactive direction are set so that the inner characteristic covers completely all the distance protection zones, which are to be blocked by the PSD function. At least 10% of additional safety margin is considered_{Reactive Reach of the Inner characteristic of the Power}

swing blocking element = 1.1*X3

Resistive Reach of the Inner characteristic of the Power swing blocking element=1.1(2R3+Rf)

Reactive Reach of the Outer characteristic of the Power swing blocking element

Resistive Reach of the Outer characteristic of the Power swing blocking element

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LINE NAME : suratgarh

PARAMETER SETTING SETTING RANGE RECOMMENDED General setting

Ib (FLC/CT Primary) 0.35

Iminop (10-30) % of Ib 20%

ZONE I

Operation Off,nondir,forward,rever Forward

Settings of phase to phase measurement

Operation PP On/Off On X1PP (0.01-400) 12.377 R1PP (0.01-400) 0.996 RFPP (0.01-400) 3.367 Timer t1PP Off,On On t1PP (0.0-60) 0

Settings for phase to earth element

Operation PE On,Off On X1PE 0.01-400 12.377 R1PE 0.01-400 0.996 X0PE Group-I 38.57 0.01-1200 Group-II 38.57 Group-III 38.57 R0PE Group-I 9.769 0.01-1200 Group-II 9.769 Group-III 9.769 RFPE 0.01-400 9.42

Timer t1PE Off,On On

t1PE 0-60 0

PARAMETER SETTING SETTING RANGE RECOMMENDED ZONE II

Operation Off,nondir,forward,rever Forward

Settings of Phase to phase measurement

Operation PP On/Off On X1PP (0.01-400) 18.6744 R1PP (0.01-400) 1.5021 RFPP (0.01-400) 5.2042 Timer t2PP Off,On On t12P (0.0-60) 0.4

Settings of phase to earth measurement

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t2PE 0-60 0.4

PARAMETER SETTING SETTING RANGE RECOMMENDED Zone III

Operation Off, nondir, forward, rev Forward

Settings of Phase to Phase measurement

Operation PP On/Off On X1PP (0.01-400) 34.6914 R1PP (0.01-400) 2.7901 RFPP (0.01-400) 8.3302 Timer t3PP Off,On On t3PP (0.0-60) 1

t3PE 0-60 0.8

PARAMETER SETTING SETTING RANGE RECOMMENDED

Zone V Zone 5

Operation Off, nondir, forward, rev Reverse

Settings of Phase to Phase measurement

Operation PP On/Off Off

X1PP (0.01-400) 0

R1PP (0.01-400) 0

RFPP (0.01-400) 0

Timer t5PP Off,On Off

t5PP (0.0-60) 0

Operation PE On,Off On X1PE 0.01-400 0.16 R1PE 0.01-400 0.032 X0PE 0.01-1200 0.536 R0PE 0.01-1200 0.108 RFPE 0.01-400 0.72

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PARAMETER SETTING SETTING RANGE RECOMMENDED GFC

General settings

Operation On,Off On

Timer t PP On,Off Off

tPP 0-60 2 s

Timer t PE On,Off Off

tPE 0-60 2 s

Over current operating mode

Operation I> On,Off Off

IP> 10-400 NA

In> 10-150 NA

I> (10-50)% of Ir 10

GFC (Settings of Under Impedance mode)

Operation On,Off On Opoeration <Z On,Off On ARGLd 5-45 deg 25 RLd 0.01-400 51.333 X1FwPP 0.01-400 69.3828 X1RvPP 0.01-400 6.93828 RFPP 0.01-400 16.6604 X1FwPE 0.01-400 69.3828 X1RvPE 0.01-400 6.93828 X0FwPE 0.01-1200 216.234 X0RvPE 0.01-1200 21.6234 RFPE 0.01-400 38.4736

PARAMETER SETTING SETTING RANGE RECOMMENDED PSB Operation On,Off On Detection On,Off On X1IN 0.1-400 41.62968 R1IN 0.1-400 9.99624 KX 120-200% 125 KR 120-200% 125 t P1 0-60 0.045 t P2 0-60 0.015 t W 0-60 0.25 t H 0-60 0.5 S t EF 0-60 3 S t R1 0-60 0.3 t R2 0-60 2 Z com

Operation On, Off On

Scheme type I trip, PUR,POR, Block Permissive OR

T coord 0-60 0.05

T sendmin 0-60 0.1

Unblock Off, No restart, Restart Restart

T security 0-60 0.035 s

CurrReversal On,Off On

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T delay 0-60 0.04

WEI Off, trip, echo Off

Twei 0-60 NA

UPN< 10-100 NA

UPP< 20-170 NA

PARAMETER SETTING SETTING RANGE RECOMMENDED SOTF Operation On/Off On FFR Zeroseq On,Off On 3U0> 10-50% 20% 3Io< 10-50% 10% BCS Operation On,Off On IP> 10-100% 10% T 0-60 20 DLD Operation On,Off On U< 10-100% 40% IP< 5-100% of Ib 10% I> Operation On.Off On IP> 20-300% 110% T 0-9000 20 s Fault Locator

Length unit Km/mile Km

Line length 0-10000 170 X1 0.001-1500 15.471 R1 (0.001-1500) 1.2445 X0 (0.001-1500) 48.213 R0 (0.001-1500) 12.211 X1SA (0.001-1500) 8.6 R1SA (0.001-1500) 0 X1SB (0.001-1500) 9.2 R1SB (0.001-1500) 0 Xm0 Group-I 0 Xm0 (0.001-1500) Group-II 0 Xm0 Group-III 0 Rm0 Group-I 0 Rm0 (0.001-1500) Group-II 0 Rm0 Group-III 0

Distance unit %/Km/mile Km

VT Prim 1-9999 kV 400