Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals

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Internal Combustion Engine

Fundamentals

Jeffrey B. Burl and Duane Abata Jeffrey B. Burl and Duane Abata

Michigan Tech University Michigan Tech University

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Slide 01 Slide 01

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

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Slide 02 Slide 02

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

area area force force pressure = pressure = force =

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Slide 03 Slide 03

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

area area force force pressure = pressure = force =

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Slide 04 Slide 04

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

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Slide 05 Slide 05

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

crank mechanism

ignition system

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Slide 06 Slide 06

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

intake system intake system ignition system ignition system crank mechanism crank mechanism

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Slide 07 Slide 07

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

exhaust system exhaust system ignition system ignition system crank mechanism crank mechanism intake system intake system

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Slide 08 Slide 08

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

cooling system

cooling system thermostatthermostat

intake system intake system exhaust system exhaust system ignition system ignition system crank mechanism crank mechanism

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Slide 09 Slide 09

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

lubrication system lubrication system crankcase vent crankcase vent ignition system ignition system exhaust system exhaust system intake system intake system cooling system

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Slide 10 Slide 10

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

fuel fuel

air

air _{air + fuel}_{air + fuel}

volume volume p p r r e e s s s s u u r r e e TDC TDC BDC BDC $ $

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Slide 11 Slide 11

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

stoichiometric mixture stoichiometric mixture volume volume p p r r e e s s s s u u r r e e TDC TDC BDC BDC $ $ $ $

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Slide 12 Slide 12

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

volume volume p p r r e e s s s s u u r r e e TDC TDC BDC BDC $ $ $ $ $ $

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Slide 13 Slide 13

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

volume volume p p r r e e s s s s u u r r e e TDC TDC BDC BDC $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $

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Slide 14 Slide 14

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

volume volume p p r r e e s s s s u u r r e e TDC TDC BDC BDC $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $

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Slide 15 Slide 15

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

volume volume p p r r e e s s s s u u r r e e TDC TDC BDC BDC $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $

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Slide 16 Slide 16

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

volume volume p p r r e e s s s s u u r r e e TDC TDC BDC BDC $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $

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Slide 17 Slide 17

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

volume volume p p r r e e s s s s u u r r e e TDC TDC BDC BDC $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $

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Slide 18 Slide 18

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

exhaust gas residual exhaust gas residual

volume volume p p r r e e s s s s u u r r e e TDC TDC BDC BDC $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ negative work negative work positive work positive work Work =

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Slide 18 Slide 18

Internal Combustion Engine Basics -

Some Problems

C C_x_xHH_x_x CO CO NO NO_x_x mixture preparation mixture preparation intake tuning intake tuning combustion, autoignition combustion, autoignition wear wear inertia inertia exhaust tuning

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The Diesel Engine The Diesel Engine

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

volume volume p p r r e e s s s s u u r r e e TDC TDC BDC BDC negligible negative work negligible negative work

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The Diesel Engine The Diesel Engine

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

10000

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Internal Combustion Engine Basics

The Two Stroke Engine The Two Stroke Engine

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Internal Combustion Engine Basics

Slide 02 Slide 02

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Internal Combustion Engine Basics

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Internal Combustion Engine Basics

Slide 04 Slide 04

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Internal Combustion Engine Basics

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Internal Combustion Engine Basics

Slide 06 Slide 06

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Summary

•• two engine/fuel types

two engine/fuel types

–

– gasolinegasoline (premixed)(premixed) –

– dieseldiesel (diffusion)(diffusion)

•• four stroke, two stroke

four stroke, two stroke

– – intakeintake – – compressioncompression – – power power – – exhaustexhaust

•• problem areas

problem areas

–

– performance performance

Four Stroke Gasoline Engine Four Stroke Gasoline Engine

Four Stroke Diesel Engine Four Stroke Diesel Engine

Two Stroke Gasoline Engine Two Stroke Gasoline Engine

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Why?

5,000,000,000 engines

(one engine for every man, woman and child in the world) (one engine for every man, woman and child in the world)