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WATER-LEVEL MONITOR FOR

BOREWELL AND WATER TANK

BASED ON GSM

R.Ramani1*

Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering, V.M.K.V Engineering College,

Salem, Tamilnadu, India

 

S.Selvaraju2

Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering, V.M.K.V Engineering College,

Salem, Tamilnadu, India

S.Valarmathy3

Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering, V.M.K.V Engineering College,

Salem, Tamilnadu, India

R.Thangam4

Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering, Saraswathi College of Engineering and Tech

Villupuram, Tamilnadu, India

B.Rajasekaran5

Dept. of Mechatronics Engineering V.M.K.V Engineering College,

Salem, Tamilnadu, India Abstract

Now a days, home automation & remote control and monitoring systems have seen a rapid growth in terms of technology. Apparently there is no early warning system to monitor the tank water level and bore well water level when it has reached the critical level. In this paper we have provided water level monitoring in the tank as well as in the bore well. If the water level in a bore well drops below the threshold level for pumping its pump motor may get air locked or more burn out due to dry running. It is awkward for farmers to walk all the way to their fields at night just to switch the pump motor off. Besides, he may never get to identify the problem. This problem can be solved by using this GSM based system that will automatically make a call to the user mobile phone, when the water Level in the bore well drops threshold below or rises to the threshold level for pumping. The user can also remotely switch on or off the pump motor by sending a SMS from his mobile phone. The system is simple, reliable, portable and affordable. We proposed the work in which, Whenever water level in the tankdrops below the required level the system try to fill the tank by switching on the bore well motor to pump the water into the tank It is must to have enough water in the bore well to avoid the formation of air gap or empty running of bore well motor. High precision water level sensor is used to identify the reference water level to activate and deactivate the motor and system properly by interfacing the sensor devices into the well defined embedded system.

Keywords: Microcontroller, sensors, GSM, driver 1. Introduction

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deployed in many countries. GSM can be used as the communication via to receive signals captured by machines in remote places, and also to send control signals to remote machines [1]. Particularly in the field of the process control that requires the critical control performance such as, high accuracy, high speed and good linearity. Nowadays a variety of parameters in industrial processes are controlled such as temperature, pressure, level etc. Level control is usually used in almost every process system. The level control system must be controlled by the appropriate controller. The proposed control system model is composed of microcontroller 8051, water level sensor, Max232 and GSM modules. This system is to be able to control the water level in the tank through GSM according to bore well water level.

2. Related Work

This section describes some earlier works related to the monitoring system using GSM network services. The work presented by [2] has developed a Prepaid Water Meter System for prepaid billing of water consumption through remote monitoring without any human intervention. This system promises may be fast and accurate billing of water as well as preventing any misuse of it. However, [3] developed a water meter reading using GSM network that appropriate for remote places to monitor the water meter reading before any billing process. This could reduce the use of human resource for reading the meter and issuing a bill. There was also a work on monitoring of electrical meter reading using GSM network done by [4]. The system was capable of monitoring the meter reading and sent an SMS to the authorized center for billing purpose. This could reduce the number of estimated reading when the authorize person unable to reach the meter.

In [5] using wireless text messaging system to send early warning SMS messages to users advising them to proactively reduce their power consumption before system capacity is reached and systematic power shutdown takes place. This could increase cost-effective wireless distributed load shedding system for non-emergency scenarios.

In [6] was a design on a system to control home appliance remotely and provide security when the owner is away from the place. The similar work presented by [7] which designed and developed a smart home application system. The system allows the proprietor to be able to monitor and control the residence appliances via a mobile phone set by sending commands in the form of SMS messages and receiving the home appliances status.

In [8] one more approach using GSM technology to communicate with the remote devices via SMS is remote metering system, in this paper illustrates a technique for remotely reading electricity meter readings using SMS. Both postpaid and prepaid are feasible to implement using this architecture as SMS based data collection can be done very quickly and efficiently.

In [9] [10] propose a Zigbee-GSM based Monitoring and Remote Control System. In this systems used both Zigbee and GSM for communicating between user and devices. This system allows user to monitor and control devices in the home through a number of controls, including a Zigbee based remote control. Users may remotely monitor and control their home devices using GSM.

In [11], the main objective of the paper is to design and develop a highly developed vehicle locking system in the real time situation. The design & development of a theft control system for an automobile, which is being used to prevent/control the theft of a vehicle. This system consists of an embedded system and Global System Mobile communication (GSM) technology. This system developed by Pravada P. Wan hade and Prof. S.O. Dahad [11], the developed system is installed in the vehicle. The mobile is connected to the microcontroller, which is in turn, connected to the engine. Once, the vehicle is being stolen, the information is being used by the vehicle owner for further processing. The information is passed onto the central processing insurance system which is in the form of the SMS, the microcontroller unit reads the sms and sends it to the Global Positioning System (GPS) module and says to lock it or to stop the engine immediately. The main concept of this paper vehicle is controlled by GSM and GPS. The designed unit is reliable and efficient system for providing security to the vehicles through GSM, GPS and serial communication.

3. Proposed Method

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3.1 Block Diagram

The block diagram of the bore well water level and tank water level monitoring system is shown in the figure 1. It comprises the power supply section, water-level sensor circuit for bore well as well as the tank, microcontroller, MAX232driver, relay driver and GSM modem. The GSM board has a valid SIM card with sufficient recharge amount to make outgoing calls. The circuit is powered by regulated +5v dc. The ac mains is stepped down by transformer to deliver a secondary output of 12v, 250ma, the transformer output is rectified by bridge rectifier, filtered by capacitor C1 and regulated by Ic 7805. The regulator Ic7805 is used provide constant 5v, Capacitor C2 bypasses ripples from the regulated supply.

 

Figure1. Block diagram of borewell and tank water level monitoring system

3.2 Water Level Sensor

To make special water level sensor we would like to bring in some convenient materials such as Iron rod, nozzles, resistance, rubber etc. A connecting rod made by iron and steel which should be connected with ground and we need at least four nozzles which should be connected with +5v passing through a 1kΩ resistance. We need to bind them together and put a rubber at their joint which will act as an insulator for every nozzle. When the sensor touches water, nozzles and connecting rod get electric connection using water conductivity.

POWER SUPPLY  RELAY 

DRIVE RELAY 

   

AT89c51 

MAX 

232 

SENSOR  

DRIVER

SENSOR 

DRIVER 

GSM 

MODEM 

WATER TANK 

BOREWELL 

A

C

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3.3 Circuit Description

Figure2.Borewell and water tank water-level monitor based on GSM

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TABLE I

Bore well Water level

Motor Mobile LED Remarks

Full Above point A

On Call from

modem

On SMS operation to turn on/off the motor Empty Below

point B

Off Call from

modem

Off SMS operation not allowed

TABLE II

Water tank

Water level

Motor Mobile LED Remarks

Full Above point C

On Call from

modem

On SMS operation to turn on/off the motor Empty Below

point D

Off Call from

modem

Off SMS operation not allowed

3.4 GSM modem SIM300 V7.03

The GSM modem is a specialized type of modem which accepts a SIM card operates on a subscriber’s mobile number over a network, just like a cellular phone. Basically, it is a cell phone without display. modem sim300 is a triband GSM/GPRS engine that works on EGSM900MHz,DCS1800MHz and PCS1900MHz frequencies.GSM Modem is RS232-logic level compatible, i.e., it takes-3v to -15v as logic high and +3v to +15 as logic low.MAX232 is used to convert TTL into RS232 logic level converter used between the microcontroller and the GSM board. The signal at pin 11 of the microcontroller is sent to the GSM modem through pin 11 of max232.this signal is received at pin2 (RX) of the GSM modem. The GSM modem transmits the signal from pin3 (TX) to the microcontroller through MAX232, which is received at pin 10 of IC1.

Features of GSM

 Single supply voltage 3.2v-4.5v

 Typical power consumption in SLEEP Mode: 2.5mA.

 SIM300 tri-band

 MT,MO,CB, text and PDU mode, SMS storage: SIM card

 Supported SIM Card :1.8V,3V 3.5 Software Program Testing

The software program is written in c or assembly language and compiled using keil software. After compiler operation the hex code is generated and stored in the computer. The hex code of the program is burnt into the AT89C51 by using Top win Universal programmer.

3.6 Hardware Assembling and Testing:

First step, we need to make single side PCB layout of the water level monitor for bore well and water tank based on GSM system. For testing the circuit, proceed as follow

1.After assembling all the components on the PCB ,connect TX and RX pins of the GSM modem to pins 13 and 14 of MAX 232,respectively and insert a valid SIM in the card holder of the GSM modem.

2. Connect ground pins of the GSM modem to the ground rail of the circuit.

3. Use two single strand (hook-up) wires as sensor A and sensor B used for bore well. Similarly for the water tank (sensor C & sensor D).

4. Pour water into the Water tank until the water level reaches sensor A. similarly, water tank.

5. Now switch on the circuit you should get a call on your mobile phone. This indicates that you can turn the motor on.

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7. If the bore well water level in the below sensor A the motor should automatically switch off and you should receive a call from the modem simultaneously altering you that the bore well is empty and the motor has been switched off.

8. Now the water level monitoring for bore well and water tank system is ready for use. 4. Conclusion

In this paper, we have implemented the water level monitoring in the bore well and water tank based on GSM technology. If the water level in a bore well drops below the threshold level for pumping its pump motor may get air locked or more burn out due to dry running. This problem can be solved by using this GSM based system that will automatically make a call to the user mobile phone, when the water Level in the bore well drops below or rises above the threshold level for pumping. The user can also remotely switch off or on the pump motor by sending a SMS from his mobile phone. An advantage of this system is very simple, more competent and low cost. Future work of this paper is to design a system based on 3G camera for visual identification of water level from remote place.

References

[1] G. Aranguren, L. Nozal, A. Blazquez, and J. Arias, "Remote control of Sensors and actuators by GSM", IEEE 2002, 28th Annual Conference of The Industrial Electronics Society IECON 02, vol. 3, 5-8 Nov. 2002, pp.2306 2310.

[2] Islam, N.S. Wasi-ur-Rahman, M. “An intelligent SMS-based remote Water Metering System”. 12th International Conference on Computers and Information Technology, 2009, 21-23 Dec. 2009, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

[3] Mohd Helmy Abd Wahab, Siti Zarina Mohd Muji, Fazliza Md. Nazir. “Integrated Billing System through GSM Network”. In Proceeding of 3rd International Conference on Robotics, Vision, Information and Signal Processing 2007 (ROVISP2007), Penang, 28 –

30 November 2007

[4] Mohd Helmy Abd Wahab, Azhar Ismail, Ayob Johari and Herdawatie Abdul Kadir. “SMS-Based Electrical Meter Reading”. In Proceeding of International Conference on Rural Information and Communication Technology 2009 (r-ICT), 17 – 18 June 2009, Bandung, Indonesia

[5] Taha Landolsi, A. R. Al-Ali, Tarik Ozkul, and Mohammad A. Al-Rousan. “Wireless Distributed Load-Shedding Management System for Non- Emergency Cases”. International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering 4:7 2010. pp. 453 – 460.

[6] Malik Sikandar Hayat Khiyal, Aihab Khan, and Erum Shehzadi. “SMS Based Wireless Home Appliance Control System (HACS) for Automating Appliances and Security”, Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology. Vol. 9. pp. 887 – 894. 2009. [7] Al-Ali, A.R. Rousan, M.A. Mohandes, M. “GSM-Based Wireless Home Appliances Monitoring & Control System”, Proceedings of

International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies: From Theory to Applications, pp 237-238, 2004. [8] Md. Wasi-ur-Rahman, Mohammad Tanvir Rahman, Tareq Hasan Khan and S.M. Lutful Kabir, “Design of an Intelligent SMS based

Remote Metering System”, Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Information and Automation, 2009, pp. 1040-1043. [9] Carelin Felix and I. Jacob Raglend, “Home Automation Using GSM”, Proceedings of 2011 International Conference on Signal

Processing, Communication, Computing and Networking Technologies, pp. 15-19, 2011.

[10] Ahmad A.W., Jan N., Iqbal S. and Lee C., “ Implementation of ZigBee-GSM based home security monitoring and remote control system”, IEEE 54th International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS), 2011, pp. 1-4.

References

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