Learning Objectives
After this lesson, students will be able to:
Lesson Objectives
1
1. Define what retirement is.
2. Recognize matters concerning old age and retirement.
3. Give details and examples to relate vocabulary to the topic.
4. Employ two future tenses to talk about plans and things in progress now which will be
completed in the future.
5. Express knowledge and ideas about specific issues in retirement with the use of transitions.
6. Use modals of deduction to provide speculations and probable solutions.
7. Define idiomatic expressions using context clues.
Warm Up
WARM UP
a. What comes to mind when you hear the word ‘retirement’?
b. Do you think people who retire miss working?
c. What do you think you’ll do in your retirement?
d. Would you like to aim for an early retirement? Why or Why not?
Introduction
Life after Career
Sources: Retirement - Wikipedia/ What Concerns Do You Have About Your Retirement? (letsmakeaplan.org)
How do you look at the prospect of
retiring? Do you dread it or look forward
to it? State reasons.
Many people choose to retire when they are eligible for private or public pension benefits,
although some are forced to retire when bodily conditions no longer allow the person to work
any longer (by illness or accident) or as a result of legislation concerning their position.
All other goals notwithstanding, most people deeply
want to preserve their own dignity throughout
retirement. They do not want to run out money
prematurely and lean on others for support.
Listening Activity
5
Moderator: Hello Ladies and Gentleman. It gives me great pleasure to introduce our _______ speaker for today’s _______ , Dr. Howard Miller. Dr. Miller,
Professor of _______ at Washington University, has written _______ articles and books on the _______ older Americans in our _______ society for the past 15 years. Dr. Miller:
Dr. Miller: Thank you for that introduction. Today, I’d like to _______ my remarks from a story from my own life which I feel _______ our common concerns
that _______ here together. Several years ago when my grandparents were _______ their eighties, they were faced with the reality of no longer being
_______ care for themselves. My grandfather _______ his greatest fear, that of leaving the only home they had known for the past 60 years. _______ the
tears, he spoke _______ of the fact that he had built their home from the _______, and that he had _______ and _______ in the process. The _______ of having to sell their home and give up their _______ and move into a retirement home was an _______ experience for them. It was, in my grandfather’s own words, like having a _______ He was quite _______ that he felt he wasn’t important anymore.
For them and some older Americans, their _______ “golden years” are at times not so pleasant, for this period can mean the _______ of not only one’s health but the _______ and _______ . In many societies, this _______ is closely related with our social status, occupation, material possessions, or independence. Furthermore, we often live in societies that value that which is “new” or _______ , and our own usage of _______ in the English language often does not _______ well older for Americans. I mean how would your family react if you came home tonight _______ , “Hey, come to the living room and see the OLD black and white TV I brought!” Unfortunately, the word “old” _______ images of the need to replace or _______ .
Now, many of the lectures given at this conference have focused on the issues of _______, medical care, and the development of public facilities for ______. And while these are _______ issues that must be addressed, I’d like to focus my comments on an _______ that will affect the overall success of the other programs mentioned. This has to do with _______ our perspectives on what it means to be a part of this group, and finding meaningful roles the elderly can play and should play in our societies.
Listening Activity 14.1 Senior Citizens
Listen and fill in the blanks with the right word/s.
Grammar Bits
6
Use these tenses to talk about what you have accomplished and what
you envision for your retirement to avoid sabotaging it.
Hobbies tried
Places visited
Cuisines tasted
People to catch up with
People to spend time with
Vocabulary Exercise
7
The following are synonyms and antonyms of words/phrases on the reading text.
Can you identify them?
entirety
unjust
concurrent
strain
sympathy
dissuade
mitigate
life expectancy
foster
forward-thinking
diminutive
alleviate
Reading Exercise
8
Retirement & Society
Source: https://howtodoielts.com/ielts-essay-retirement-society/
As average
life expectancy
rises, people are living longer and longer after retirement, which poses a number of problems for
individuals and society. In my opinion, these
tensions
can be remedied through government action.
People retiring older can lead to conflict between individuals and an increased
burden
on society generally. For the young,
the process of
fully integrating
older people into society can be challenging. For example, many older people have quieter
lifestyles and
disputes may arise
with younger individuals who are
in the habit of
hosting loud parties or coming home late at
night, particularly in cases where young people are taking care of older relatives. The
strain
on society can also be great as
older people require more medical support to treat conditions
ranging from
arthritis to cancer to heart disease. This
translates
to
a greater
proportion
of taxes going to the older generation and can
foster
societal
resentment
and ageism.
The best fixes for these problems can be achieved by governments. Firstly, governments
can ease the
integration
of generations by providing better retirements plans for individuals. For example, in the United
States, social security benefits are rarely enough to
cover
retirement and so many must
depend on
their children. As for
society, governments must be more
conscientious
in planning for
more substantial
medical expenses. The government
should anticipate this
trend
only continuing in the future and
set aside funds
to research and apply
advanced treatments
for
retired citizens
well into their 80s
. These measures combined would
alleviate
some of
the weight of
supporting older
populations.
In conclusion, the pressures resulting from growth in the average
life span
can be countered with
forward-thinking
governmental policy. This will only become more important in the future as people live even longer.
Reading Comprehension
9
1.
As average life expectancy rises, people are living longer and longer after getting promoted.
2.
For youngsters, being in a workplace with elderly folks is a conventional.
3.
Younger generations live a calming life than those of the people in their golden years.
4.
Medical cost for the aged is now decreasing.
5.
Elderly people can contribute more to taxes leading to a better economy.
6.
Ageism is not a huge problem.
7.
The government shall provide better pension plans for aged people.
Free Response
Modify the false statements to make them correct.
With shifting perspectives on age and changes in the workplace, people are extending their careers
because they want to keep working, how will these things be affected?
Social Security
State pension
Savings
Investments
Mobility
Efficacy
Employ transitions such as:
Therefore, Hence, Consequently, Thus, Nevertheless, However, Meanwhile
Grammar Chunk
10
We can use modal verbs for
deduction – guessing if
something is true using the
available information. The
modal verb we choose shows
how certain we are about the
possibility.
Modals of Deduction
Uses
Examples
may/might
When we think something is perhaps true, but we are not 100% sure.Maxmay/might notwant to work in the garage forever.
could
May/Might can be replaced by couldin positive sentences.
Max’s fathermay/might/could retire soon, he is almost 60.
may/might (not) + have +
past participle
or
can’t/must + have + past
participle.
To speculate about something in the past
Max’s grandfather may/mighthave wanted to retire when he was 50.
Max’s fathermust have worked very hard.
can’t
To express something we are sure isuntrue or impossible in the present.
Maxcan’tbe retired, he’s 12 years old. (but not: Max mustn’t be retired.)
must
We use to express something we are 100% sure is true in the present.Max’s grandfather mustbe retired, he’s 90 years old.
will (not)/shall (not
To make a prediction about the future, or when we are sure about something in the future.Max’s grandfather won’tretire yet, he doesn’t have enough money to do so.
Modals of Deduction
More details: Modal Verbs in English Grammar (lingolia.com)
