An Overview of Managed Lanes in An Overview of Managed Lanes in
the U.S.A.
the U.S.A.
Darren Henderson, AICP Darren Henderson, AICP
Today
Today ’ ’ s Discussion s Discussion
Darren Henderson, AICP Darren Henderson, AICP PB, Houston, TX PB, Houston, TX
The Basics The Basics
HOV Lanes HOV Lanes
Pricing Pricing
Active Traffic Management Active Traffic Management
The Latest Projects The Latest Projects
The Basics The Basics
Managed Lanes are Managed Lanes are dedicated lanes for dedicated lanes for
one or more user one or more user
groups groups
Proactively managed Proactively managed to provide better
to provide better
reliability and/or level reliability and/or level - - of of - - service service
Primary benefit is Primary benefit is travel time savings travel time savings
SR-SR-91 Express Lanes91 Express Lanes Orange County, CA Orange County, CA
Lanes can be managed using Lanes can be managed using
Eligibility Eligibility
Access Control Access Control
Pricing Pricing
Active Traffic Active Traffic Management Management
The Basics The Basics
IH-IH-45 HOV Lanes45 HOV Lanes Houston, TX Houston, TX
Autobahn, Autobahn,
South Bavaria, Germany South Bavaria, Germany
HOV Lanes HOV Lanes
Currently over 130 HOV facilities in North AmericaCurrently over 130 HOV facilities in North America
HOV Lanes HOV Lanes
Most HOV lanes are single, concurrent flow lanes Most HOV lanes are single, concurrent flow lanes allowing vehicles with 2 or more occupants
allowing vehicles with 2 or more occupants
Some variations involve increased occupancy (3+), Some variations involve increased occupancy (3+), times of day, lane separation and reversible flow times of day, lane separation and reversible flow lanes
lanes
I-I-105 HOV Lanes105 HOV Lanes
Los Angeles, California
Los Angeles, California SR-SR-22 HOV Lanes22 HOV Lanes Orange, California Orange, California
HOV Lanes HOV Lanes
HOV lanes have been effective at moving more HOV lanes have been effective at moving more people in fewer vehicles
people in fewer vehicles
Nearly always move more people than adjacent Nearly always move more people than adjacent general
general--purpose purpose lanes
lanes
Can move twoCan move two to four times to four times the number of the number of people per lane people per lane
Source: Caltrans District 12 (2002) 0
1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000
PERSON TRIPS PER LANE (PTPL)
I-5 at Lo s Alisos
I-5 at T usti
n R anch
I-5 at M ain
I-5 at Harbor I-5 at Br
oadw ay
I-405 at Von
Karman I-405 at
Ward
SR-55 at Warn
er
SR-55 at Walnut
SR -57 at
Yorba Linda SR-91 at Harbor HOV ROUTE
PERSON-TRIPS ON ORANGE COUNTY FREEWAYS (PM PEAK HOUR - PM PEAK DIRECTION)
HOV Lanes Other Lanes
HOV Lanes HOV Lanes
HOV lanes are often accused of being under HOV lanes are often accused of being under - - utilized
utilized
Uncongested traffic is essential to HOV lanes Uncongested traffic is essential to HOV lanes travel reliability and time savings
travel reliability and time savings
Next to a congested lane, HOV lanes can Next to a congested lane, HOV lanes can look
look ““emptyempty”” even though even though
they are moving they are moving more people
more people
Increasingly overIncreasingly over-- utilization is the utilization is the problem
problem
I-I-405 HOV Lane405 HOV Lane Los Angeles, California Los Angeles, California
Pricing Pricing
Technology provides opportunity for additional Technology provides opportunity for additional lane management techniques
lane management techniques
Pricing can be used to “Pricing can be used to “sellsell”” additional capacity in additional capacity in HOV lanes
HOV lanes
Variable pricing Variable pricing
levels regulate demand levels regulate demand and ensure speeds
and ensure speeds are maintained
are maintained
I-I-394 HOT Lanes394 HOT Lanes Minneapolis, Minnesota Minneapolis, Minnesota
Pricing Pricing
HOV only cannot address all utilization issues HOV only cannot address all utilization issues
Additional management is generally necessaryAdditional management is generally necessary
Pricing Pricing
Pricing provides a comprehensive approach Pricing provides a comprehensive approach
Better responds to changing conditions over timeBetter responds to changing conditions over time
Pricing Pricing
Nine projects in U.S. currently use pricing Nine projects in U.S. currently use pricing
II--95 Express Lanes95 Express Lanes Miami, Florida Miami, Florida
Pricing Pricing
Almost all existing HOT projects are conversions Almost all existing HOT projects are conversions of HOV lanes to add pricing
of HOV lanes to add pricing
SR-SR-91 was constructed as express toll lanes91 was constructed as express toll lanes
Pricing most recently started on existing HOV lanes in Pricing most recently started on existing HOV lanes in Miami and Seattle
Miami and Seattle
I-I-10 in Houston recently completed reconstruction10 in Houston recently completed reconstruction
IH
IH--10 Katy Freeway10 Katy Freeway Houston, Texas Houston, Texas
Active Traffic Management Active Traffic Management
In addition to pricing, active traffic In addition to pricing, active traffic management systems are being
management systems are being
introduced to better manage lanes introduced to better manage lanes
Active traffic management uses technology Active traffic management uses technology to dynamically manage congestion in
to dynamically manage congestion in response to prevailing traffic conditions response to prevailing traffic conditions
Improves safety and increases throughput Improves safety and increases throughput to maximize efficiency of the system
to maximize efficiency of the system
Active Traffic Management Active Traffic Management
Active traffic management systems include Active traffic management systems include dynamic speed harmonization
dynamic speed harmonization
Speed limits are adjusted to better regulate trafficSpeed limits are adjusted to better regulate traffic
As traffic flow increases, speeds are decreased to As traffic flow increases, speeds are decreased to maintain maximum throughput
maintain maximum throughput
Speeds can be decreased Speeds can be decreased in advance of congested in advance of congested traffic or incidents
traffic or incidents
M42 Variable Mandatory Speed Limits M42 Variable Mandatory Speed Limits Birmingham, England
Birmingham, England I-I-270 Variable Speed Limits270 Variable Speed Limits St. Louis, Missouri
St. Louis, Missouri
Active Traffic Management Active Traffic Management
Active traffic management systems also Active traffic management systems also include variable lane control
include variable lane control
Makes additional capacity available during peak Makes additional capacity available during peak traffic conditions
traffic conditions
Uses overhead signage and pavement markings to Uses overhead signage and pavement markings to indicate lane status
indicate lane status
Can close lanes in advance of incidentsCan close lanes in advance of incidents
Sydney
Sydney HarbourHarbourBridgeBridge Sydney, Australia
Sydney, Australia
Active traffic management concept for I
Active traffic management concept for I-35W-35W Minneapolis, Minnesota Minneapolis, Minnesota
Active Traffic Management Active Traffic Management
Active traffic management can substantially improve Active traffic management can substantially improve safety and trip reliability
safety and trip reliability
Results from M42 pilot indicatesResults from M42 pilot indicates
Over 50% reduction in crashesOver 50% reduction in crashes
Over 25% reduction in peak period travel timesOver 25% reduction in peak period travel times
Over 25% improvement in trip reliabilityOver 25% improvement in trip reliability
Source: UK Highways Agency (2008)
The Latest Projects The Latest Projects
SR SR - - 167 HOT Conversion, Seattle, WA 167 HOT Conversion, Seattle, WA
Converts 9 miles of HOV lanes Converts 9 miles of HOV lanes to variable priced HOT
to variable priced HOT
Sells available capacitySells available capacity in existing HOV lanes
in existing HOV lanes
Opened May 2008 Opened May 2008
The Latest Projects The Latest Projects
I I - - 95 HOT Conversion, Miami, FL 95 HOT Conversion, Miami, FL
21 miles of HOV lanes (one per direction) to 21 miles of HOV lanes (one per direction) to variable priced HOT (two in each direction) variable priced HOT (two in each direction)
8 miles of NB lanes 8 miles of NB lanes opened July 2008 opened July 2008
Toll testing October 2008Toll testing October 2008
Full project to open Full project to open late 2011
late 2011
Lessons being learnedLessons being learned
The Latest Projects The Latest Projects
I I - - 15 Express Lane Extension, San Diego, CA 15 Express Lane Extension, San Diego, CA
20 mile extension with 4 managed lanes and 20 mile extension with 4 managed lanes and moveable barrier
moveable barrier
Major bus rapid transit componentMajor bus rapid transit component
Real time variable pricing Real time variable pricing to regulate demand
to regulate demand
$1.3 billion total cost$1.3 billion total cost
4.5 mile segment 4.5 mile segment
opened September 2008 opened September 2008
The Latest Projects The Latest Projects
IH IH - - 10 Katy 10 Katy Tollway Tollway , , Houston, TX
Houston, TX
Over 20 mile Over 20 mile
freeway expansion freeway expansion including multiple including multiple managed lanes managed lanes
Largest application Largest application of real time, variable of real time, variable pricing to date
pricing to date
$2.8 billion total cost$2.8 billion total cost
Opened without Opened without
pricing October 2008 pricing October 2008
The Latest Projects The Latest Projects
I I - - 35W 35W MnPass MnPass Express, Minneapolis, MN Express, Minneapolis, MN
Builds upon success of IBuilds upon success of I--394 MnPass394 MnPass Express Express
Converts 10 miles existing HOV to HOTConverts 10 miles existing HOV to HOT
Extends HOT by additional 6 milesExtends HOT by additional 6 miles
Integrates bus rapid transit, variable lane Integrates bus rapid transit, variable lane
management and use of shoulder segments management and use of shoulder segments for dynamic HOT operations
for dynamic HOT operations
The Latest Projects The Latest Projects
Congestion Pricing Pilot, Los Angeles, CA Congestion Pricing Pilot, Los Angeles, CA
Congestion pricing pilot including HOV to HOT Congestion pricing pilot including HOV to HOT conversion on I
conversion on I--10 El Monte Busway10 El Monte Busway and I-and I-110 110 Harbor
Harbor TransitwayTransitway
Major emphasis on bus rapid transitMajor emphasis on bus rapid transit
Intelligent parking with variable pricingIntelligent parking with variable pricing
I-I-110 HOV Lanes, Los Angeles, California110 HOV Lanes, Los Angeles, California
The Latest Projects The Latest Projects
Bay Area Regional HOT Network, CA Bay Area Regional HOT Network, CA
Regional system of HOT facilities Regional system of HOT facilities throughout the Bay Area
throughout the Bay Area
Combines conversion of Combines conversion of existing HOV facilities and existing HOV facilities and new HOT construction
new HOT construction
Prioritizes implementation toPrioritizes implementation to leverage revenue from most leverage revenue from most lucrative routes to fund others lucrative routes to fund others
I-I-680 SB Express Lanes 680 SB Express Lanes to open 2010
to open 2010
The Latest Projects The Latest Projects
Illinois Illinois Tollway Tollway “ “ Green Lanes Green Lanes ” ”
““ReservesReserves”” one lane onone lane on
each of four Chicago area each of four Chicago area tollways
tollways for transit, carpools for transit, carpools and environmentally friendly and environmentally friendly vehicles
vehicles
Charges “Charges “premium tolls”premium tolls” for single occupant
for single occupant vehicles
vehicles
Conversion to beginConversion to begin in 2010
in 2010
The Latest Projects The Latest Projects
I I - - 75/575 Northwest Corridor, Atlanta, GA 75/575 Northwest Corridor, Atlanta, GA
Integrates Express Toll Lanes, Bus Rapid Transit Integrates Express Toll Lanes, Bus Rapid Transit and Truck Only Lanes
and Truck Only Lanes
Potential Potential
public/private public/private partnership
partnership
Part of regional Part of regional managed lanes managed lanes system plan
system plan
Questions and.
Questions and. … …
Darren Henderson, AICP Darren Henderson, AICP
PB, Houston, TX PB, Houston, TX
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