Veeam Study Webinar Server Virtualization with Windows Server Hyper-V and System Center. Orin

Veeam 74-409 Study Webinar

Server Virtualization with Windows

Server Hyper-V and System Center

http://hyperv.veeam.com/

In this seminar we’ll cover:

• Study techniques • Lab suggestion

Study techniques

• You’ll learn more through practice than by reading

• The exam assumes you have used this technology in the “real world”

• Build a lab and perform the tasks related to the objectives

• Get to the point that given a task related to the objectives, you could perform it in a lab or a production environment

Lab Suggestion

• 2 or more computers configured as Hyper-V virtualization hosts

• Virtualization hosts should be members of a domain • Host domain controller as VM on one virtualization

host

OD 1: Configure Hyper-V

• Create and configure VM settings • Create and configure VM storage

Some content covered from the

perspective of Hyper-V, such as VM

storage, is also covered from the

Dynamic Memory

• 2 options for assigning memory

• Can configure static or dynamic assignment

• Static RAM allocates a fixed amount over the VM’s runtime

Smart Paging

• Special case use of a page file

• Only used when startup RAM exceeds minimum RAM • Can only be used when restarting a VM, not

Resource Metering

• Allows you to track CPU, RAM, network, and storage utilization for chargeback

Integration Services

• Allows the virtualization host to interact with the VM including OS shutdown, time synchronization, and

heartbeat monitoring

• Allows use of synthetic network adapters in generation 1 VMs

Generation 1 and Generation 2 VMs

• Gen 2 VMs new to Server 2012

• Gen 2 VMs are “virtual first” and don’t include legacy emulated components such as COM ports and diskette drives

• Faster to install OS and boot

• Can’t convert between generations. Must choose at creation

Enhanced Session Mode

• Simplifies the process of cutting and pasting text and files when using Virtual Machine Connection

• Allows audio and device redirection from VMs

RemoteFX

• Provides virtual 3D graphics adapter and USB redirection support for VMs

• Requires a compatible GPU

VHD and VHDX formats

VHD

• Used since Virtual Server • 2040 GB

• Supported on all Hyper-V hosts

• Can’t be used with Gen 2 VMs

VHDX

• 2012 and later • 64 TB

• Support larger block size • Internal log file to reduce

chance of corruption • Support trim & online

Dynamic, Differencing & Fixed

• Fixed requires all space allocated at creation

• Dynamic grow as required, but require little initial space

• Differencing disks have parent/child relationship • Modifying parent disk will break relationship with

Modifying Virtual Hard Disks

• Convert from VHD to VHDX and back • Change disk size

• Change fixed to dynamically expanding and back • Can only change disk format or type when VM is

offline

Online VHD resize

• Virtualization Host 2012 R2 • VHDX format

• Attached to a virtual SCSI controller

Pass Through Disks

• Give the VM access to the underlying storage • Allow VMs to access larger volumes

Checkpoints

• Represent the state of a VM at a particular point in time

• Called “snapshots” in previous versions of Hyper-V • Can create checkpoints when VM is running or shut

down

Virtual Fibre Channel

• Direct connection from VM to Fibre Channel SAN • Requires compatible HBA on virtualization host • Requires Server 2012 or later

• SAN must be NPIV enabled

• VM must be running compatible OS

Storage QoS

• Specify maximum and minimum IOPS for virtual hard disk

• VM cannot exceed maximum IOPS value

Hyper-V Virtual Switch

• External: VM is connected through external network adapter

• Internal: VMs can communicate with each other and host

Optimize Network Performance

• Configure bandwidth management at the virtual network adapter level

SR-IOV

• Single Root Input Output Virtualization

• Physical network adapter is mapped directly to the VM

• Increases throughput by bypassing virtual switch and sends network traffic straight to the VM

• VM OS needs driver for physical network adapter

Dynamic Virtual Machine Queue

• Optimize VM network performance

• Network adapter must support virtual machine queue • Network traffic is processed by an assigned processor

Hyper-V MAC Address Pool

• Allows you to configure the range from which virtual network adapter MAC addresses are drawn

• Configure pools to ensure that no two VMs on

VLAN tagging

• Supported at the network adapter and virtual switch level

• VLAN tag at the virtual switch level overrides VLAN tag assigned at the virtual network adapter level

Network Adapter Types

• Generation 1 support Synthetic and Legacy adapters

• Synthetic: Require integration components

• Legacy: Works with almost everything. Use for PXE boot

• Generation 2 has single network adapter type

Virtual Machine NIC teaming

• Aggregate bandwidth and provide redundancy across up to 32 NICs

• Can perform NIC teaming on virtualization host • Can perform NIC teaming within VM OS

OD 2: Configure and Manage Virtual

Machine High Availability

• Configure failover clustering with Hyper-V • Manage failover clustering roles

Failover clusters

• Windows Server 2012/2012R2 support 64 node failover clusters

• A 64 node failover cluster can host up to 8000 VMs • Require shared storage for VM hard disk and

configuration files

Failover Cluster Quorum

• Quorum mode selected automatically when creating clusters

• Quorum votes can be assigned to nodes, disk, or file share witnesses

• Quorum modes: Node majority, node and disk

Cluster Node Weight

• Allows you to configure whether nodes have quorum votes

Dynamic Quorum

• Recalculates quorum model when nodes are removed or added to the cluster

Cluster networking

• Use NIC teaming

• Configure separate networks

• Network for node to node communication

• Network for connection between node and shared storage

Force Quorum Resiliency

• Allows you to avoid partitioned cluster problem

• Used when you force start one side of a multi-site cluster and reconnection occurs to other site

Cluster Aware Updating

• Automates the process of applying software updates to clusters

• Automatically evacuates a node, places it in

maintenance mode, applies updates, restarts if

necessary, and shifts node out of maintenance mode. • Works through all nodes in the cluster until software

Upgrading Clusters

• Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2008 R2, & Windows Server 2012 can be nodes in Windows

Server 2012 R2 clusters.

• Only supported during upgrade scenarios

Cluster Shared Volumes

• High availability storage technology that allows

multiple nodes in a failover cluster to have read/write access to the same storage

• VMs on the same LUN can run on different cluster hosts

Active Directory Detached Clusters

• Also termed “Clusters without network names”

• Allows cluster creation without requiring permission to create Active Directory computer objects

Preferred Owner & Failover Settings

• Allows you to specify which node is the preferred owner of a workload

• Workload will attempt to return to that node once issue that caused failover is resolved

• Failover settings allow you to configure how many

Guest Cluster

• A failover cluster where the cluster nodes are VMs • Still requires access to shared storage

Shared Virtual Hard Disk

• Virtual machines can use a shared virtual hard disk as shared storage

• Requires

• 2012 R2 Host

• Disk must be in VHDX format

• Must be stored on a Scale Out File Server or Clustered Shared Volume (CSV)

Live Migration

• Allows you to move a running VM from one

virtualization host to another without disruption • Supported between:

• Cluster nodes that use shared storage

• Between separate virtualization hosts that aren’t

participating in a failover cluster using an SMB 3.0 file share

Storage Migration

• Move VM’s hard disk files, configuration files and checkpoint files from one location to another

• Allows you to change the storage location of a running VM

Exporting, Importing & Copying VMs

• Export creates a duplicate of a VM

• Can export a VM, which exports all checkpoints • Can export a checkpoint

• Can export a running VM (2012 R2 only) • During import, you can:

• Register VM in place (use existing ID) • Restore VM (use existing ID)

Network Health Detection

• Mark certain networks as being protected

• If the network marked as protected becomes

VM Drain On Shutdown

• Server 2012 R2 and later

• Automatically live migrates VMs from a cluster node that is shut down by an administrator without being put into maintenance mode

P2V Migrations

• Physical to virtual migrations

V2V Migrations

• Migrate from 3rd _{party hypervisors to Hyper-V}

• VMM 2012 R2 supports V2V from

OD 3: Implement a Server

Virtualization Infrastructure

• Implement virtualization hosts • Implement virtual machines

• Implement virtualization networking • Implement virtualization storage

Delegating Virtualization

Management Tasks

• You create User Roles by selecting

• Role Profiles • Members

• Scope

Role Profiles

• Determines what actions an account assigned a user role can perform

• VMM role profiles:

• Administrator

• Fabric Administrator (Delegated Administrator) • Read Only Administrator

• Tenant Administrator

Run As accounts

• Run As accounts are preconfigured accounts that include username and password

• When using a Run As account, the operation is

Scopes

• Allow you to define the objects with which the permissions you are delegating can be used

Quotas

• Allow you to limit the use of

• Virtual CPUs • Memory

• Storage

• Virtual Machines

VMM Libraries

• Collection of file based and non-file based resources • File based resources can include:

• Virtual Hard Disks • ISO images

• Scripts

• Driver files

• Application packages

• Non file based resources include:

• VM templates • Service template

Equivalent Objects

• Allows you to mark specific file based objects stored in VMM libraries as equivalent

Host Group Libraries

• Associate particular libraries to particular host groups • VMM will use this information when determining

Third Party Integration

• You can use VMM 2012 R2 to manage:

• VMware ESX • VMware ESXi

Bare Metal Hyper-V Virtualization

Host Deployment

Implementing Highly Available Virtual

Machines

• Can be made highly available by deploying them to Hyper-V failover cluster

• Can use Hyper-V replica to make them highly available

• Allows replication across site boundaries • Does not require access to shared storage

• Is asynchronous. Replica copy is consistent, but lagged. • Supports multiple recovery points

Guest Resource Optimization

• Allows you to deploy to the virtualization host that has the greatest available resources

• Allows you to ensure that virtualization host resource utilization is equitable across the fabric

Placement Rules

VMM Templates

• VMM Template allows you create VMs that have a consistent set of configuration settings

• Templates include one or more of the following:

Guest OS Profile

• Operating system settings including

• OS version

• Name information

• Administrator password • Product key

• Time zone

• Roles & Features

Hardware Profile

• IDE and SCSI configuration • Network adapter

VMM Logical Networks

• Collection of network sites, VLAN information, and IP subnet information

• Must have one logical network in VMM before you can deploy VMs and services

VMM Port Profiles / Logical Switches

Network Virtualization

• Allows you to configure logical networks so that different VM tenants can be assigned the same IP

addresses on the same Hyper-V host without address collisions occurring

• If a logical network is configured for network

VMM Virtual Machine Networks

VMM MAC Pools

VMM IP Address Pools

• IP address pools allow VMM to assign IP addresses to VMs. The benefit of this over DHCP is that you can

ensure the same IP address is assigned to a VM without having to create a DHCP reservation

Windows Server Gateway

Private VLANs (PVLANs)

• VLANs segment traffic at layer 2 • VLAN IDs are 12 bit numbers

• PVLAN is an additional ID that allows you to segment VLANs

Configuring Hyper-V Host Clustered

Storage

• When deploying on a Hyper-V host cluster the VM

configuration and storage files for highly available VMs are hosted on shared storage

• This can be

• iSCSI • SAS

• Fibre Channel • SMB 3.0

Guest Cluster Storage

• Guest clusters are where each cluster node is a VM • Guest cluster shared storage can be:

• iSCSI

• Virtual Fibre Channel • CSV

Storage Optimization

• Deduplication. Built into Windows Server 2012 and 2012 R2

• Storage Tiering. Commonly used blocks are moved to faster storage, such as SSD, with less commonly used blocks moved to slower storage, such as spinning

Integrating Operations Manager with

VMM

• Monitor health and availability of:

• VMM management server • VMM database server

• VMM library servers • Virtualization hosts

Integrate Service Manager 2012 R2

• ITIL / MOF Service Management implementation • Central Platform to manage incidents, problems,

Service Virtual Machine Images

• Update VM images in the library prior to deployment • Can use

Data Protection Manager 2012 R2

• Protect virtualization hosts and VMs • Provide protection within a VM

• Stores protected data on disk, tape and can replicate to a second DPM server & Azure cloud

OD 4: Monitor and maintain a server

virtualization infrastructure

• Plan and implement a monitoring strategy

Audit Collection Services

• Allows you to centralize and analyze event log audit data

System Center Global Service

Monitor

• Cloud service that allows you to monitor web

applications from a variety of locations around the world

• Monitoring can perform complex tasks, such as

Operations Manager Management

Packs

• VMM Management Pack:

• Monitor all aspects of the VMM infrastructure

• VMM servers

• Virtualization hosts • Virtual machines

• Fabric health dashboard

• View health of each VMM private cloud

Operations Manager Reporting

• Use SQL Server Reporting Services to generate complex reports based on data stored in the

Operations Manager data warehouse database. • Increase number of reports

Operations Manager Management

Packs

• Extend the functionality of Operations Manager

• Improve the product’s ability to interact with specific applications or services

• Usually created by product vendors or subject matter experts

• Management packs include: Monitors, rules, tasks,

Domain Controller Cloning

• Requires virtualization host that support VMGenerationID

• DC must be running 2012 or later • PDC emulator must be available

Hyper-V Recovery Manager

• Service hosted in Azure cloud • Manages Hyper-V replication

• Automates the process of Hyper-V replica failover • Performs continuous health monitoring and

Thank You

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