Beijing Jiaotong University (BJTU) is a university with over 100 years

(1)

Logistics Informatics

and Its Practice in China

Logistics Informatics

and Its Practice in China

D R t Zh

Dr. Runtong Zhang Professor & Head

Department of Information Management School of Economics and Management Beijing Jiaotong University

Beijing, 100044j g, China

(2)

Outline

z

The University and the School

z

Logistics in China

z

Logistics Information Technologies

z

Logistics Information Systems

z

A Case: Container RFID Systems in Chinese Port

(3)

（

11

）

z

Beijing Jiaotong University (BJTU) is a university with over 100 years

hi t k f it bj t i l i ti t ffi i f ti i ti

history known for its subjects in logistics, traffic, information, communications, management and etc.

z School of Economics and Management (SEM) at BJTU is one of the g ( )

largest school in China in these areas, in the sense of consisting of over 180 faculty and staff members and 4000 students (over half are post-graduated).

z SEM at BJTU is one of the oldest school in China in these areas which

z SEM at BJTU is one of the oldest school in China in these areas, which may be traced back to the beginning of 20th Century.

z The subject of logistics in SEM at BJTU, was ranked number 1 in China in 2006 & 2007.

(4)

The University and the School

yy

（

22

）

z

Call for Papers

13th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems 13th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems (ICEIS2011)

z

Venue

Beijing, China

z

Important Dates

C f d t 07 10 J 2011

Conference date: 07-10 June, 2011

Regular Paper Submission: January 25, 2011

Authors Notification (regular papers): March 25, 2011

Final Regular Paper Submission and Registration: April 04, 2011

z

Sponsor

C S S CC f S

ICEIS is sponsored by INSTICC – Institute for Systems and Technologies of Information, Control and Communication

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Logistics in China (1)

g

( )

1200 1400 1600 1800

2000 _z In 2007, the foreign trade of

China reached US$2.17 trillion, with a growth rate of 23 6%

200 400 600 800 1000

1200 with a growth rate of 23.6%,

which was 4.3 times the number of 2001.

0 200

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

International Trade (Billion US$ )

10000 z In 2007, the containers h h i Chi 4800 6160 7580 9300 4000 6000 8000 10000

throughput in Chinese ports reached 100 million TEU,

ranking world No.1 in 5 0 2000 4000

2003 2004 2005 2006

(6)

Logistics in China (2)

g

( )

China - ROK

In 2007, the bilateral trade volume reached US$160 billion,

with a growth rate of 19% compared to the previous year.

China is the ROK’s No.1 trade partner and export market.

The machinery and electrical products are the most

i

f

ROK

important import items for ROK.

4.50% Steel and steel-made product

7 50% 7.20% 4.50%

Mineral fuel Plastics and plastic product Motor vehicle and component

10.40% 8.70% 7.50%

Organic chemistry goods Optical instrument Mineral fuel

(7)

China Overview

–

Agricultural, Industries, Commercial, Economic

g

( )

g

( )

N

H il ji Home Appliances Garments, Textiles North China Agricultural Products Dairy Products

North West China

Heilongjiang

Jiling Liaoning

Auto, Motor Cycles Coal, Minerals Raw Materials, wool Agricultural

y Minerals

Low end manufactures Raw Materials, cotton

Xinjiang Qinghai Inner Mongolia Hebei Shandong Shanxi Beijing g Heavy Industries, Ship Building

North East China

Plants, forests Tibet Qinghai Henan Ningxia Hubei Shandong Gansu Shanghai Jiangsu Anhui

Central & S.W. China

Auto and parts Agricultural Sichuan Yunnan Fujian Taiwan Jiangxi Zhejiang Home Appliances Garment, Textiles China Wares D i P d t Hunan Guishou Guangxi Hongkong (SAR) Hainan Guangdong Macau (SAR) Dairy Products Agricultural Products Raw Materials, cotton Minerals Hi Tech Products Hi-end East China South China Hi Tech Products Garments, Apparels

(8)

Logistics in China (4)

g

( )

Heilongjiang

N

Current Economic Development – Zones

Xinjiang

Inner Mongolia

Jiling

Liaoning Beijing

Bohai Bay Area (BBA) - Beijing - Tianjin Shijiazhuang Qinghai Inner Mongolia Hebei Shanxi Beijing Shandong

Tianjin - Shijiazhuang_{- Qingdao}

- Dalian - Xian - Jinan Bohai Bay Tibet Gansu Jiangsu Anhui Henan Ningxia Hubei Shanghai

Chongqing Yangtsze River

: Bohai Bay Area – around 20M TEU

Sichuan Hunan Jiangxi Fujian Zhejiang Guizhou gq g _{Yangtsze River} Delta (YRD) - Shanghai - Ningbo - Suzhou W i

: Yangtsze River Delta – around 20M TEU : Pearl River Delta – nearly 50M TEU

Yunnan Guangxi Guangdong

Hongkong (SAR) Macau Taiwan - Wuxi - Kunshan - Nanjing - Hangzhou

Pearl River Delta (PRD)

(9)

Logistics in China (5)

g

( )

What

What IIs

s the F

the Future

uture of Chinese Logistics?

of Chinese Logistics?

z Green SCM

z Green Logistics

z Green Industrial Cluster

z Agricultural Technology

z St d di ti & S t ti I t

z Standardization & Systematic Improvement

z Servicing Industry & Industrial Chains Integration

z Sourcing Optimization Integration

z Sourcing Optimization, Integration …….

z Code of Conduct & Corporate Governance

z Electronic Commerce

z Service Science

z Much More …………..

f

S

f

S

Logistics Information Technologies and Systems!

(10)

g

( )

Logistics Information Technologies and Systems!

z

Efficiency is the Goal

z

Benefit Is the Result

z

Benefit Is the Result

z

Logistics Information is not only a technology or

system but more importantly a new management

system, but more importantly, a new management

mode.

(11)

g

(1)

( )

Logistics Information Technologies = IT + Logistics Logistics Information Technologies = IT + Logistics

(12)

Logistics Information Technologies

(2)

Smart Dust

g

( )

Smart Dust

•a self-contained, millimeter-scale sensing g and communication

platform for a massively distributed sensor

network.

•device will be around the

size of a grain of sand and •Applications

size of a grain of sand and will contain sensors,

computational ability, bi-directional wireless

–Logistics

–Smart living space

–Remote terrain traffic monitoring

d ect o a e ess

communications, and a power supply, while being inexpensive enough to

Remote terrain traffic monitoring –Entertainment

–Building, large structure monitoring

p g

(13)

Logistics Information Technologies

(3)

WSN

St

d di ti

(14)

(4)

Light Wight TCP/IP Stack

Seamless Connection of WSN and Internet Seamless Connection of WSN and Internet

(15)

Logistics Information Technologies

(5)

Global Positioning System

g

( )

GPS determines location by computing the difference

b t

th ti

th t

i

l i

t

d th ti

it i

Global Positioning System

between the time that a signal is sent and the time it is

received. GPS satellites carry atomic clocks that

provide extremely accurate time

provide extremely accurate time.

(16)

g

(6)

( )

Geographic Information System

GIS is a

System

of computer software, hardware and data,

and personnel to help manipulate, analyze and present

information that is tied to a spatial location

information that is tied to a spatial location –

•

spatial location

– usually a geographic location

•

information

– visualization of analysis of data

y

(17)

Logistics Information Technologies (7)

(7)

Vehicular

Communications

g

( )

z

WiMAX / IEEE 802.16

4 2 1 WiMAX Development in the World

4.2.1 WiMAX Development in the World

4.2.2 Technology Specification of WiMAX and WiBro

4.2.3 WiMAX Testing and Certification

4.2.4 WiMAX/WiBro Future Prospect

z

MBWA / IEEE 802.20

IEEE 802.20 Mission and Project Scope

IEEE 802.20 Related News

z

DSRC D di t d Sh t R

C

i ti

z

DSRC - Dedicated Short Range Communication

z

AD HOC

Th A li ti

f

V hi l

C

i ti

S t

(18)

(8)

RFID

z

Bar-Code

z

g

( )

z

……

z

EDI, WebEDI, XML/EDI

z

Internet

z

Internet

z

……

z

RFID

z

RFID

z

EPC

z

……

z

Toll-Road passive transponder

z

Consumer product identifier

z

Drug/Food shelf-life and identification

(19)

Logistics Information Technologies

g

(9)

( )

A Survey of RFID Priority Application Areas in China

41 32 Inventory Management Percentage of interviewee -9 -9 -5 45 45 41 14 23 32 Warehouse Management Inventory Management Indent Management -9 -5 36 41 27 27 18 23 OOS Management Tracking Transportation/Logistics -14 -14 -5 14 41 36 23 Cargo Burgling Management

R i t Pl i Capital Tracking -14 -14 -23 -9 18 27 14 9 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Requirement Planning Customer Requirement

(20)

Logistics Information Systems (1)

g

y

( )

(21)

g

y

( )

z

MIS MRP

／

MRP

Ⅱ

QR

／

ECR EOS TQC CIM

z

MIS, MRP

／

MRP

Ⅱ

, QR

／

ECR, EOS, TQC, CIM,

BPR, ERP

z

CRM, KM, DW

,

／

DM, AMT, JIT, SCS, ESCM

,

z

WMS, TMS, DRP

z

VMI (Vendor Managed Inventory )

z

SMI (Jointly Managed Inventory)

z

CFAR (Collaborative Forecast And Replenishment)

z

CFAR (Collaborative Forecast And Replenishment)

z

CPFR (Collaborative Planning, Forecasting and

Replenishment )

p

)

z

SAAS, SOA

(22)

冷链食品冷藏车、箱恒温仓库生产企业物流企业零售企业政府机构

Tracking of Cool Logistics Chain

浏览器客户端手机车载设备掌上电脑运输配送分销仓储采购生产预警监控追踪货代分析优化温控管理系统预警管系统财务管理系统预警管理系统决策支持系统视频管理系统仓储管理系统运输管理系统智能商务管理系统中

(23)

Logistics Information Systems (4)

ROADSIDE COMMUNICATIONS FOR ROAD

HAULAGE OPERATIONS

Roadside Communications for Road Haulage Operations

g

y

( )

(24)

Logistics Information System in Chinese Post Logistics Information System in Chinese Post

g

y

( )

g

y

( )

客户系统信息系统电话客户物流伙伴信息系统电话客户 Cnpl com cn 185物流呼叫中心客户信信息系统

Parter Information System Client Information System

Calling customer Calling customer

Cnpl.com.cn

邮政物流网站

185 Call Center Postal Logistics Website

中国邮政物流全国信息中心 GPS控制中心

中国邮政综合信息网

National National Information Network GPS Controller 中国邮政物流区域信息中心中国邮政物流区域信息中心中国邮政物流区域信息中心 Information Center

(25)

Logistics Information Systems (6)

RFID System

RFID B i

g

y

( )

g

y

( )

RFID Hardware Domain

RFID Middleware Domain Business Application Domain

Tags Antenna Readers “Middleware” Business Applications • Device consisting of an electronic circuit and integrated • Receives and transmits the electromagnetic waves • Communicates with the tag via antenna

• Reads/writes data from/to the tags through the reader

• Owns master data and business logic

• Drives business integrated

antenna

• RF used to transfer data between the tag

waves

• Wireless data transfer via air interface • Provides power supply to passive tags • Translates di

• Filters, stores and evaluates obtained data against business process Li k th Drives business process

between the tag

(26)

Logistics Information Systems (7)

RFID Applications

Retail Shipping & Wholesale

Manufacturing II : Supply Chain

I M i l

g

y

( )

g

y

( )

Suppliers pp g Receiving I : Material Processing III : Storefront Assembly P k i Distribution Fabrication Sales Floor Assembly Packaging _Warehouse After -Market Point of Sale VI : Enterprise V : Public Places IV : Consumer Home Appliances VI : Enterprise Shopping Mall Airport

VII : Specialized Uses

Home Appliances

Asset Management Hotel

Airport

(27)

文献资料查询界面在法国高铁GIS图上点击查询LGV东南线

南线

(28)

Logistics Information Systems (9)

(29)

A Case: Container

A Case: Container RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (1)

RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (1)

Shipping company

Logistics company

g

p

y

Shipping company

port

Consumer

Agency

port

Consumer

Agency

i

C t

Inspection

(30)

A Case: : Container

A Case: : Container RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (2)

RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (2)

z

“2 Ports &1 Line” Container RFID System

--- First Line of Containers with Full RFID System in China and maybe in the world

• This subject team has formally started the industrial trial

named as “2 ports & 1 line” on Dec 3, 2005.

• The first line of containers with RFID----”Zhehai 325

Shipping” in China has been formally started.

• This line from Shanghai Port to Yantai Port has

absolutely shown automatic identification and real-time

information exchange in container shipping

information exchange in container shipping.

• By Jan 19, 2006, the container throughput of this

demonstrative line has reached 5294TEU

(31)

A Case: Container

General frame of the

demonstration line

Application & demonstration line of “2 ports & 1 line”5000TEU

E-seal Container RFID automatic identification Middl Information real-time exchange system system Middleware tag _reader

(32)

The first regular container ship ”Zhehai 325 Shipping ” with RFID drive to Shanghai from Yantaig

(33)

(34)

Structure of RFID automatic identification application system

Real-time Information

Structure of RFID automatic identification application system

Real-time Information Exchange System

Wired or wireless

Communication System

Container RFID Automatic Identification System

(35)

A Case: Container

Port safety management technology based on RFID

y

g

gy

automatic identification system

z Establish multi-level safety system as required by container RFID demonstration system and establish safety certification system and log analysis system;

z Research on information transmission safety technology at aerial

z Research on information transmission safety technology at aerial connector between tags and reader, realize information encrypt storage and transmission and identify authorized write when read-write operation to tags;

write operation to tags;

z Research on encrypt technology of information communication between the reader and host computer;

z Research on safety insurance technology of information transmission between wireless communication systems

z Research on safety supporting system in container information

(36)

A Case: Container

Key Technology & Equipment

z Choice on frequency range

z Anti impact design of RFID in container

z Anti-impact design of RFID in container

z Reliability analysis on reader

z Container Tag

z Container E-seal

z Equipment for information transcriptionq p p

z Fixed reader

z Wireless reader

z E-Sentinel

(37)

A Case: Container

Container tag

电

Co a e ag

z Adopt ISM 2.4GHz for working frequency range

电

子标

签

frequency range

z Active tag, its operating distance 0~30m is adjustable and readable,

签

安装盒

电子标签

memory capacity is 32k byte

z Unique super-low power

consumption technology with a life consumption technology with a life span of 10 years

z High safety data transmission

t di t

system, dissymmetry encrypt/deciphering

z Solid sealing and reliable anti-g dismounting

(38)

A Case: Container

Logistics information contained in a RFID tap

z

information of container

Logistics information contained in a RFID tap

information of container

z

information of cargo

z

other information

：

information of ship

p

，

port, cargo

p

,

g

agency…

z

on-off time of container

z

address of container when open/closed

（

connect with GPS

）

z

physics information of container, such as temperature,

humidity

(39)

A Case: Container

Container E-seal

z First time to realize data carrier of multi-source amalgamation of

z First time to realize data carrier of multi-source amalgamation of container logistics, information flow and safety flow

z Adopt ISM 2.4GHz for working frequency range

z Support trespass on and automatic monitoring & event record of door opening & closing

z Support sensor units such as bus extended temperature humidity

z Support sensor units such as bus extended temperature, humidity, vibration, etc.

z Encrypting calculation and certification to ensure data safety and prevent from wiretapping or data breaking

z Adopt frequency range seclusion to avoid interferences among multiple equipment

multiple equipment

z Advanced anti-collision technology

z Possible to equip with microwave module working mode and

f f

(40)

A Case: Container

Equipment for information transcription

---- Adopt portable computer or hand-held PDA

z

z Adopt ISM 2.4GHz for working frequency rangeAdopt ISM 2.4GHz for working frequency range

z

z Read/write module adopts PCMAC interface mode Read/write module adopts PCMAC interface mode and notebook to realize both

and notebook to realize both--way communication or way communication or adopts CF interface mode and PDA to realize both adopts CF interface mode and PDA to realize both--adopts CF interface mode and PDA to realize both adopts CF interface mode and PDA to realize both way communication.

way communication.

z

z Encrypting calculation and certification Encrypting calculation and certification

z

z Adopt frequency range seclusion to avoid Adopt frequency range seclusion to avoid interferences among multiple equipment. interferences among multiple equipment.

z

z AntiAnti--collision technology to support multicollision technology to support multi--label readlabel read

z

z AntiAnti collision technology to support multicollision technology to support multi label read label read and write

and write

z

(41)

An Illustrative Case: Container

An Illustrative Case: Container RIFD

RIFD

Systems in Chinese Ports (9)

(42)

A Case: Container

Fixed Reader

zAdopt ISM 2.4GHz for working frequency rangep g q y g

zSupport RS232/485 wire mode and upper machine communication

zEncrypting calculation and certification to ensure data safety and prevent from wiretapping or data breaking

(43)

A Case: Container

Wireless reader

z Adopt ISM 2.4GHz for working frequency range

z Support wireless mode and upper machine communication, match with bridge of container RFID system for use

z Support wireless visiting in local area space under sentinel mode

z Encrypting calculation and certification to ensure data safety and c ypt g ca cu at o a d ce t cat o to e su e data sa ety a d prevent from wiretapping or data breaking

z Adopt frequency range seclusion to avoid interferences among multiple equipment

z Anti-collision technology

z Possible to equip with microwave module working mode and radio frequency software is adjustable frequency software is adjustable

(44)

A Case: Container

Middleware of container RFID system

应用进程

提供逻辑数据和事件

Application process

Afford logical data and event

Middleware

R i i i l REID d t

中间件

接收原始的 R F ID 数据实现过滤分发和消息

Receive original REID data

Realize filtration, release and message

实现过滤、分发和消息

R d Wireless channel

A Case: Container

Three technical standards related to port

RFID in container has been completed.

1. Technical specifications on RFID in

container

2. Specification of memory

information coding of container RFID

3 Technical specification of container

3. Technical specification of container

shipping information in domestic

trade

We are authorized by National Standard committee of China to draft out

“Container RFID Technology Criterion in domestic trade” (20067084-T-469). We will establish the National Standards based on the practical and proof tested

trade

(46)

A Case: Container

Sequelae

z

“Shanghai port in China - Savannah port in the USA” container

Sequelae

RFID application line in June,2007, which is supported by the

project “Logistics Service Demonstration Appliction of Modern Port”

(2006BAH02A17) of National Key Technology R&D Program of

China.

z

“Shanghai port - Chongqing port ” container RFID application line in

July 2007 which is supported by the project “Container RFID

July,2007, which is supported by the project Container RFID

Technology Development and Application” of National Westward

Construct Program of Ministry of Communication of China.

z

“Shanghai port in China – Europe port ” container RFID application

line in the last months of 2007,

(47)

A Case: Container

Port to Port

_堆场_堆场_yard_yard

港口

port

进道口 Enter Port 装船 Loading 服务器道口Gate _g 服务器 Server 堆场yard 服务器 Server 出道口

(48)

A Case: Container

CFS to CFS

Port

Container

stuffing

point

Container

unstuffing

point

(49)

A Case: Container

New generation intelligent container RFID tag

• Ability to store supply chain related container

i f

ti

i l di

i

t i

ID

information including: carrier, container ID, owner,

terminals, Customs, inspections etc.

Abilit t

t

ti ll

t

ti

d d t

f

li

• Ability to automatically store time and date of sealing

and unsealing

Abilit t

t

ti ll

t

th l

ti

f

li

• Ability to automatically store the location of sealing

and unsealing (this is achieved through the location

of the reader that capture the sealing and unsealing

event, including PDA)

(50)

A Case: Container

New generation intelligent container RFID tag

g

Original

mechanical seal

E

E--tag

tag

The e

(51)

A Case: Container

A Case: Container RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (23)

Handset and PDA with

GPS function

C

d

it t

C

d

it t

•• Can read and write tags

Can read and write tags

•• Integrate GPS, and can

Integrate GPS, and can

it it

h

it it

h

write its geography

position information into

tag

taggg

Handset

(52)

Some Observations (1)

New trends in Chinese Logistics Informatics

• Logistics information systems will be developed by closely

combining with the true situation of Chinese logistic companies,

d WMS TMS ill b h h i f

and WMS、TMS will become the hot areas in near future. • Logistics information systems will be “uniform” and

“centralized” instead of “isomerouscentralized instead of isomerous” and “dispersive”.and dispersive . • The integration and development of third-party logistics

information systems will play a key role in logistic customer i

service area.

• Security approaches against disastrous failures of logistic information systems will become more and more important in information systems will become more and more important in logistic companies.

(53)

Some Observations (2)

Some bottlenecks in Chinese Logistics Informatics

• Low level of the application of information technologies and systems, especially in the small/middle size Chinese

systems, especially in the small/middle size Chinese enterprises.

• Lack of logistics information technologies and products with IPR

own IPRs.

• The developers of logistics information systems can hardly make benefits, because most of the systems are independent make benefits, because most of the systems are independent and dispersive.

• The infrastructures for basic information and public service

l tf d l l

platform develops very slow. • Lack of development stratagem.

(54)

谢谢！

Thanks

！

Thanks

！

rtzhang@bjtu edu cn rtzhang@bjtu.edu.cn

Beijing Jiaotong University (BJTU) is a university with over 100 years

Logistics Informatics

Dr. Runtong Zhang Professor & Head

Outline

The University and the School

Sponsor

Logistics in China (2)

important import items for ROK.

China Overview

North East China

Logistics in China (4)

Heilongjiang

Current Economic Development – Zones

Xinjiang

Chongqing Yangtsze River

Pearl River Delta (PRD)

Logistics in China (5)

Logistics Information Technologies and Systems!

system but more importantly a new management

Logistics Information Technologies = IT + Logistics Logistics Information Technologies = IT + Logistics

Logistics Information Technologies

Logistics Information Technologies

Light Wight TCP/IP Stack

Logistics Information Technologies

provide extremely accurate time.

spatial location

Vehicular

Communications

DSRC D di t d Sh t R

Logistics Information Technologies

Logistics Information Systems (1)

VMI (Vendor Managed Inventory )

冷链食品 冷藏车、箱 恒温仓库 生产企业 物流企业 零售企业 政府机构

Logistics Information Systems (4)

Logistics Information System in Chinese Post Logistics Information System in Chinese Post

中国邮政 综合信息网

Logistics Information Systems (6)

RFID B i

Logistics Information Systems (7)

Retail Shipping & Wholesale

南线

Logistics Information Systems (9)

RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (2)

• The first line of containers with RFID----”Zhehai 325

demonstrative line has reached 5294TEU

Application & demonstration line of “2 ports & 1 line”5000TEU

Structure of RFID automatic identification application system

Real-time Information

Structure of RFID automatic identification application system

Real-time Information Exchange System

A Case: Container

A Case: Container

A Case: Container

子标

电子标签

memory capacity is 32k byte

A Case: Container

agency…

multiple equipment

A Case: Container

and notebook to realize both--way communication or way communication or adopts CF interface mode and PDA to realize both adopts CF interface mode and PDA to realize both--adopts CF interface mode and PDA to realize both adopts CF interface mode and PDA to realize both way communication.

and write

An Illustrative Case: Container

A Case: Container

A Case: Container

应 用 进 程

实 现 过 滤 、 分 发 和 消 息

A Case: Container

information coding of container RFID

We are authorized by National Standard committee of China to draft out

trade

(2006BAH02A17) of National Key Technology R&D Program of

“Shanghai port in China – Europe port ” container RFID application

A Case: Container

point

terminals, Customs, inspections etc.

of the reader that capture the sealing and unsealing

A Case: Container RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (23)

write its geography

Some Observations (2)

冷链食品冷藏车、箱恒温仓库生产企业物流企业零售企业政府机构

中国邮政综合信息网

应用进程

实现过滤、分发和消息