• No results found

download full version

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2020

Share "download full version"

Copied!
6
0
0

Loading.... (view fulltext now)

Full text

(1)

9RO\DU$)DGH\HYD7

1DWLRQDO7DYULGD99HUQDQGVN\8QLYHUVLW\9HUQDQGVN\DY6LPIHURSRO &ULPHD8NUDLQHWHOHPDLOYRO\DU#FULPHDHGX

5HFHLYHG

$EVWUDFW

:HGHVFULEHGSURSDJDWLRQRIOLJKWEHDPVLQXQLD[LDOFU\VWDOV:HVROYHGWKHSDUD[LDOZDYH HTXDWLRQ DQG ILQG D IXOO VHW RI /DJXHUUH*DXVVLDQ EHDPV ZLWK D FRPSOH[ DUJXPHQW :H VKRZHGWKDWDQ\OLJKWEHDPFRXOGEHH[SUHVVHGE\WKHVXSHUSRVLWLRQRIWKHPRGHEHDPVLQ WKHFU\VWDO:HIRXQGWKHFRQIRUPLW\EHWZHHQWKHSUHVHQWHGWKHRU\DQGWKHUHSUHVHQWDWLRQV RIWKHILHOGVLQRWKHUWKHRULHVDQGVKRZHGWKDWFRQYHUVLRQRIWKH/DJXHUUH*DXVVLDQEHDPV ZLWKWKHLQGLFHVQ=DQG

P

EHLQJDUELWUDU\FDQEHFRQVLGHUHGRQWKHEDVHRI-RQHV¶V PDWUL[IRUPDOLVP

.H\ZRUGVRSWLFDOYRUWH[XQLD[LDOFU\VWDOVLQJXODUEHDP

3$&6L'S)J

0RVW ODVHUV RVFLOODWH ZLWK D WUDQVYHUVH HOHFWULF ILHOG GLVWULEXWLRQ WKDW FDQ EH UDWKHU DFFXUDWHO\ GHVFULEHG LQ WHUPV RI WKH SDUD[LDO /DJXHUUH *DXVVLDQ EHDPV >@ 7KHVH PRGH EHDPV DUH VWUXFWXUDOO\ VWDEOH VROXWLRQV WR 0D[ZHOO¶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

/DJXHUUH*DXVVLDQEHDPV

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¶V PDWUL[ IRUPDOLVP WR FDOFXODWH FRPSOH[ RSWLFDO GHYLFHV LW LV DQ DSSUR[LPDWH RQH %HVLGHV WKH DXWKRUV GLGQ¶W GHILQH WKH OLPLWV RI DSSOLFDELOLW\ RIWKLVWHFKQLTXH

(2)

SHUPLWWLYLW\ WHQVRU LQ WKH IRUPeÖ =GLDJ

{ }

e LL

=

M e=e =ee =e,IDSDUD[LDO OLJKW EHDP SURSDJDWHV DORQJ WKH ]D[LV WKH YHFWRUZDYHHTXDWLRQFDQEHUHZULWWHQDV

(

¯+NÖ

)

(=a¯

(

¯W(W

)

ZKHUH N LV WKH ZDYH YHFWRU LQ IUHH VSDFH

e e

a =D De =e -e$VIDUDVZHGHDOZLWK WKH SDUD[LDO EHDPV VR WKDW N]>>

Nr

] = N=N e DQG

r

LV WKH EHDP

ZDLVW UDGLXV DW ]= WKHQ HT FDQ EH WUDQVIRUPHGLQWRWKHSDUD[LDOZDYHHTXDWLRQ

(

¯W +LN]

)

(aW=-DeW

( )

¯W(aW

ZKHUH (W=(aW

(

[\]

)

H[S

( )

LNa] DQG (a VWDQGVW

IRUWKHWUDQVYHUVHHOHFWULFYHFWRU(aW =

{

([ (\

}

ZKLOH WKH ORQJLWXGLQDO

(

] FRPSRQHQW FDQ EH IRXQGIURPWKHHTXDWLRQ

W W ] LN

( - ¯ (a

EHLQJ WKH FRQVHTXHQFH RI WKH HTXDWLRQ

=

¯W( DQGWKHSDUD[LDOFRQGLWLRQN] >> 7KHVROXWLRQVRIHTDUH

Y ¯ = W

W

(a

( )

Y í ¯

= D

(W

ZKHUH WKH ZDYHIXQFWLRQ Y VDWLVILHV WKH SDUD[LDOZDYHHTXDWLRQ

Y=

ÕÕÖ Ô ÅÅÆ

Ä

  + ¯

] L

W b

ZKHUH b LV VRPH ZDYHQXPEHU DQGDLV WKH YHFWRUZLWKWKHFRPSRQHQWV

{

D[ D\ D]

}

&KRRVHWKHYHFWRUDLQWKHIRUPD=

{

}

DQG

ÕÕÖ Ô ÅÅÆ Ä = Y

s r

s

H[S

U

7KHQ WKH VROXWLRQ RI WKH SDUD[LDO ZDYH HTXDWLRQFDQEHIRXQGIURPHTDV

(

)

(

)

( )

[

]

(

(

( (

7(

L L

U L

[ \

Y

-=

= Y

-=

-+ j j

s r

s r

H[S Ö H[S

Ö

Ö Ö

F F

\ [

ZKHUH FÖ+ =[Ö+L FÖ- =[Ö-L\Ö DUH WKH XQLW YHFWRUV LQ WKH FLUFXODUO\ SRODUL]HG EDVLV

s

s( =+L]]( = VR WKDW ]H=] DQG WKH ZDYHQXPEHURI 7(PRGHEHDPLV

N

N

(

=

=

b

%HVLGHV ZH ILQG WKH VHFRQG VROXWLRQ RI HTIURPHTVDQG

(

)

(

)

( )

[

]

0

0

0 0

70

L L

U

\ [

Y +

-=

= Y + =

-+ j j

s r

s r

H[S Ö H[S

Ö

Ö Ö

F F

\ [

ZKHUH s0 =+L]]0 ]0 =N0r

0 0

0 H[S rUs s

ÕÕÖ Ô ÅÅÆ

Ä -=

Y DQGWKHZDYHQXPEHU

RI 70 PRGHEHDPLV

e e a

b

N

N

N (

0 = - =

=

,Q RUGHU WR ILQG WKH IXOO VHW RI WKH PRGH EHDPVZHIRUPWKHRSHUDWRU

( ) O

Q Q O

Q ] [ L \

/

ÕÕÖ Ô ÅÅÆ

Ä

  ‹ 

 

 = ‹

Ö

$V IDU DV WKH RSHUDWRU

/

Ö

( )Q‹O FRPPXWDWHV ZLWK WKH RSHUDWRU

] LN

' W

  + ¯

=

Ö WKHQ WKH

IXQFWLRQV

( )‹ = ( )‹ Y

O Q / P

Q Ö

DUHDOVRWKHVROXWLRQVRIWKHHTZLWKRXWWKH ULJKWSDUW7KH/DJXHUUH*DXVVLDQEHDPFDQEH REWDLQHGIURPHTDV

( )

( )

(

j

)

s r s

r

rs rs

LP U

U /

U Q L P

Q

P Q

P

Q Q P Q P Q

‹ ÕÕÖ Ô ÅÅÆ

Ä -ÕÕÖ Ô ÅÅÆ Ä í

í ÕÕÖ Ô ÅÅÆ Ä

-= + + +

H[S H[S

ZKHUH

/

P

( )

[

(3)

7KH ULJKW SDUW RI WKH HT WUDQVIRUPV HVVHQWLDOO\ WKH VROXWLRQV 1RZ ZH KDYH WR ILQGWKHVROXWLRQLQWKHIRUP ( ) ( ) ÍÜ Í Û Ú ÍÌ Í Ë Ê = ê

ê ‹ ‹

70 7( O Q 70 7( / P Q Ö 8VLQJHTVDQGDIWHUVRPHPDWKHPDWLFVZHILQG ( )

( )

(

)

(

)

( ) ( )

( )

( )

ÕÕÖ Ô ÅÅÆ Ä -í Ü Û Ú ÍÌ Í Ë Ê + ÕÕÖ Ô ÅÅÆ Ä + í -= = + + + -+ + + + -+ ( ( O Q ( ( O Q O Q ( O O ( 7( U L 5 / U U / Q O L U $ O Q s r j s r s r s r j H[S H[S Ö Ö H[S F F ( )

( )

(

)

( )

(

)

(

)

( ) ÕÕÖ Ô ÅÅÆ Ä -ÍÜ Í Û Ú ÕÕÖ Ô ÅÅÆ Ä + ÍÌ Í Ë Ê + -ÕÕÖ Ô ÅÅÆ Ä -= = + + -+ -+ + + + -( ( O Q ( O Q ( O Q ( O O ( 7( U U / Q L U / U O L U $ O Q s r s r j s r s r s r j H[S Ö H[S Ö H[S F F ( )

( )

(

)

(

)

( ) ( )

( )

ÕÕÖ Ô ÅÅÆ Ä -í ÍÜ Í Û Ú ÕÕÖ Ô ÅÅÆ Ä ÍÌ Í Ë Ê -ÕÕÖ Ô ÅÅÆ Ä + í -= = + + + -+ + + + -+ 0 0 O Q 0 0 O Q O Q 0 O O 0 70 U L U / U U / Q O L U $ O Q s r j s r s r s r s r j H[S H[S Ö Ö H[S F F ( )

( )

(

)

( )

(

)

( ) ÕÕÖ Ô ÅÅÆ Ä -í ÍÜ Í Û Ú ÕÕÖ Ô ÅÅÆ Ä + -ÍÌ Í Ë Ê ÕÕÖ Ô ÅÅÆ Ä í -= = + + -+ -+ + + + -0 0 O Q L 0 O Q 0 O Q 0 O O 0 70 U U / Q H U / U O L U $ O Q s r s r s r s r s r j j H[S Ö Ö H[S F F ZKHUH

( )

Q ( Q O Q

( ] L Q

$

+ +

-=

( )

Q

0 Q O Q

0 ] L Q

$ + -=

DQGQP>7KHEHDPVZLWKLQGLFHVQ=DQG

=

P DUHVHWE\HTVDQG

+RZHYHU WKH H[SUHVVLRQV REWDLQHG GR QRW GHVFULEH WKH OLJKW ZDYH WUDQVIRUPDWLRQV IRU WKH

Qê /DJXHUUH*DXVVLDQEHDPV,QRUGHUWR ILQG WZR PLVVLQJ EHDP JURXSV Qê 7( DQG

70

Qê LWUHPDUNVWKDWWKHH[SUHVVLRQV

(

)

( )

(

)

ÕÕÖÔ

ÅÅÆ Ä -í -í = = +

( (

7( 7( U L L U ] L ] G s r j j

Ö H[S Ö H[S H[S

F F

(

)

( )

(

)

ÕÕÖÔ

ÅÅÆ Ä -í + -í = = +

0 0

70 70 U L L U ] ] G s r j j

Ö H[S Ö H[S H[S

F F

DUH DOVR WKH VROXWLRQV RI HT )URP HTV

DQG SURYLGHG WKDW

= ê

Q ZH ILQG WKH PLVVLQJ EHDP JURXSV

( )

(

)

(

)

(

(

( )

)

)

ÍÜí ÅÅÆÄ- ÕÕÖÔ Í Û Ú + + ÍÌ Í Ë Ê -== +

Ã

= -+ + ( O M O M M ( O ( O ( 7( U U M O L O O L U % O s r s r j s r j H[S H[S Ö H[S Ö F F

( )

(

)

(4)

( )

(

)

(

)

(

(

( )

)

)

ÍÜÍÛí ÅÅÆÄ- ÕÕÖÔ Ú

-+

ÍÌ Í Ë

Ê - +

==

+ -

-=

-+

( O

( O

O

M

O M M ( (

7(

U O

L U

U M

O L O

% O

s r s

r

j s

r

j

H[S

H[S

Ö

H[S

Ö

F F

( )

(

)

(

)

(

(

( )

)

)

ÍÜÍÛí ÅÅÆÄ- ÕÕÖÔ Ú

-ÍÌ Í Ë Ê

í + -=

+ -- -

-= +

( O

0 O

O M O

M 0 M

0 70

U O

L U

U M

O L O

% O

s r s

r

j s

r

j

H[S

H[S Ö

H[S

Ö

F F

ZKHUH

( )

O

( O

( ]

% = - -

( )

O

0 O

0 ]

% = - -

1RZ WKH VHW RI WKH /DJXHUUH*DXVVLDQ EHDPV UHSUHVHQWHG E\ HTV DQG LV D IXOORQHDQGDQ\OLJKWEHDPDWWKH] SODQHFDQ EH H[SUHVVHG E\ PHDQV RI WKH VXSHUSRVLWLRQ RI WKHVH HTXDWLRQV ,W VKRXOG EH QRWHG WKDW WKLV VXSHUSRVLWLRQ HQDEOHV XV WR JHW ULG RI WKH DPSOLWXGHXQFHUWDLQW\VSUXQJXSLQHTV DWWKHD[LVU=

,QYROYHV DWWHQWLRQ WKH IDFW WKDW WKH H[SUHVVLRQ

Ö

Ö

H P

H P

H P

U U

H P

U U

L

U U

H P

H H

H H

H

U

H H

r s r s

r s r s j

r s r s

r s s

r s s

-

-+

-

--

-Ä Ô

Å Õ

Y Œ Å + Õ

-Å Õ

Å Õ

Æ Ö

Ç

È

-- È +

È ÈÉ

×

Ä Ô

Ø

Å Õ

+ Å - ÕØ

Ø

Å Õ

Å ÕØ

Æ ÖÙ

F

F

REWDLQHGDVWKHVXSHUSRVLWLRQHTVDQG FRLQFLGHV ZLWK WKH LGHQWLFDO H[SUHVVLRQ LQ WKH DUWLFOH >@ REWDLQHG E\ WKH VSHFWUDO LQWHJUDO WHFKQLTXH7KHZDYHIXQFWLRQLQHTUHIOHFWV WKHHYROXWLRQRIWKHLQLWLDOIXQGDPHQWDO*DXVVLDQ EHDP WKH WRSRORJLFDO VWUXFWXUH RI WKH EHDP FRPSRQHQW ZLWK LQLWLDO FLUFXODU SRODUL]DWLRQFÖ+ GRHV QRW XQGHUJR DQ\ WUDQVIRUPDWLRQV ZKLOH WKHUHLVWKHSKDVHVLQJXODULW\LQWKHIRUPRIWKH RSWLFDO YRUWH[ ZLWK WKH GRXEOH WRSRORJLFDO FKDUJH QHVWHG LQ WKH EHDP ZLWK WKH FÖ -SRODUL]DWLRQFRPSRQHQW

2QWKHRWKHUKDQGWKHSUREOHPRIWKHEHDP WUDQVIRUPDWLRQ LQ WKH FU\VWDO FDQ EH DSSUR[LPDWHO\VROYHGE\RWKHUZD\DVLQDUWLFOH >@,QGHHGD*DXVVLDQEHDPFDQEHUHSUHVHQWHG DVDVXSHUSRVLWLRQRIOLJKWUD\VORFDOL]HGRQWKH VXUIDFHRIK\SHUERORLGV(DFKDUD\LVDVVRFLDWHG ZLWK D SODQH ZDYH 7KH ZDYH SURSDJDWLRQ WKURXJK WKH FU\VWDO LV GHVFULEHG RQ WKH EDVH RI -RQHV¶VPDWUL[IRUPDOLVP$VDUHVXOWZHREWDLQ WKH DSSUR[LPDWH H[SUHVVLRQV WKDW DUH LQ D JRRG DJUHHPHQWZLWKWKHH[SHULPHQW

&RQVLGHU VRPH FRQIRUPLW\ EHWZHHQ WKH H[DFW WKHRU\ SUHVHQWHG DERYH DQG WKH DSSUR[LPDWHUHVXOWVREWDLQHGLQ>@$VIDUDVWKH FRQGLWLRQa =De e << WDNHV SODFH LQ D UHDO FU\VWDOWKHQ

s s s

s a s

s

a

a

 +



-0 (

( 0

( ]

] L

ZKHUH

( ( L ]]

a s a

s = + 8VLQJ QRZ WKH VXSHUSRVLWLRQ O = O+70 -L O+7( HTVDQGZHILQG

[ ]

[

( )

( ) ( )

]

( )

(

j

)

s r

j d

d s

H[S a H[S

H[S VLQ Ö

FRV Ö

-ÕÕÖ

Ô ÅÅÆ

Ä -í

í +

+ =Œ

-+

-O L U

L L

U O

O

F

F

ZKHUHd NDQU]SURYLGHGWKDW Q Q HD

(5)

DSSUR[LPDWHH[SUHVVLRQLQWKHZRUN>@XSWRWKH FRQVWDQWIDFWRU

7ZRVHWRIWKHFXUYHV±DQGSUHVHQWHG LQ )LJDG LOOXVWUDWH WKH GHSHQGHQF\ RI WKH EHDP LQWHQVLW\

,

RQ WKH UDGLDO FRRUGLQDWH U 7KHFXUYHVDUHFDOFXODWHGLQDFFRUGDQFHZLWK WKH H[SUHVVLRQ ZKLOH WKH DSSUR[LPDWH HT LVDVVRFLDWHGZLWKWKHFXUYHV7KHFXUYHV LQ)LJHISRLQWRXWDJRRGDJUHHPHQWEHWZHHQ WKH WKHRU\ DQG H[SHULPHQW LQ WKH ZRUN >@ $W WKH VDPH WLPH D JRRG DJUHHPHQW RI WKH

DSSUR[LPDWHDQGH[DFWWKHRU\LVEURNHQIRUWKH EHDPVZLWKLQGLFHVQ>

7KXV VWDUWLQJ IURP WKH YHFWRU ZDYH HTXDWLRQZHKDYHREWDLQHGH[D[WH[SUHVVLRQVIRU WKHIXOOVHWRIWKH/DJXHUUH*DXVVLDQEHDPVZLWK D FRPSOH[ DUJXPHQW LQVLGH D XQLD[LDO FU\VWDO :HKDYHGLVFXVVHGWKHOLPLWVRIDSSOLFDELOLW\RI WKHDSSUR[LPDWHWKHRU\ZRUNHGRXWLQWKHDUWLFOH >@DQGWKHUHE\VKRZHGWKDW-RQHV¶VPDWUL[IRU PDOLVPFDQEHXVHGIRUGHVFULSWLRQRIWKHEHDP SURSDJDWLRQ LQ D XQLD[LDO FU\VWDO $W WKH VDPH

)LJ7KHWKHRUHWLFDODQGH[SHULPHQWDOLQWHQVLW\GLVWULEXWLRQVRIWKHKLJKRUGHUPRGHEHDPVDH±

Q P F+ FRPSRQHQW E ± WKH ILQH VWUXFWXUH RI WKH FXUYH LQ )LJD F ± Q P

-F FRPSRQHQWGWKHILQHVWUXFWXUHRIWKHFXUYHLQ)LJFFXUYH±WKHH[DFWWKHRU\FXUYH±WKH

(6)

WLPH WKH PDWUL[ IRUPDOLVP LQ WKH JLYHQ IRUP FDQQRW EH H[SDQGHG RQ WKH /DJXHUUH*DXVVLDQ EHDPVZLWKWKHQ>UDGLDOLQGLFHV

5HIHUHQFHV

.RJHOQLN + /H 7 3URF ,((( S

9RO\DU $9 )DGH\HYD 7$ 2SW DQG

6SHFWU1RSLQ5XVVLDQ

&LDWWRQL$&LQFRWWL*3DOPD&-2SW

6RF$PS

6RVNLQ 0 6 9DVQHWVRY 09 3URJUHVV LQ

References

Related documents

Similarly, the extracts also displayed good antifungal activity, inhibiting the growth of 2‑3 (66.7‑100%) of the fungal species tested, with fungal growth inhibition

The Research Associate Program is an educational opportunity for undergraduate, graduate, and post-graduate students to participate in data collection for academic research

Marking the procedure site is one way to protect patients; patient safety is enhanced when a consistent marking process is used throughout the organization.. Site marking is done

As a result, we show that our implementation is able to render medium sized scenes at interactive frame rates on various hardware platforms using only a single CPU, even without

It is envisioned that the strategy and protocol will address the development of supervision plans that reflect the juvenile offender’s needs and activities that must be

Moreover, we build ROAR, an automatic framework for Android malware detection, using the proposed APK-DNA. The goal is to generate fi ngerprints for known Android malicious apps,

Live Online Revision Sessions + recordings Marked mock exam with feedback Progress test questions with feedback Online community of students and mentors. Skill Level (F4 – F9)

If multiple scripts try to control a network appliance to perform different actions, feature interactions may happen.. Different network appliances may have