Listening Comprehension.
Read through the following statements. You are going to hear a podcast twice. Decide if the following statements are True (T), False (F) according to the report or if there is no information (NI) concerning the statement in the report.
1. Over 12 million people are diagnosed with cancer every year all over the world.
T / F / NI
2. Cancer results in more than 8.5 million deaths every year. T / F / NI 3. In resource-constrained settings, the mortality rate from
cancer is lower than that of AIDS, malaria and TB taken together.
T / F / NI
4. Cancer is the leading cause of death in the United States. T / F / NI 5. It is predicted that, by 2030, the death rate from cancer
will increase by 80%.
T / F / NI
6. Screening and early diagnosis could prevent one third of cancer deaths.
T / F / NI
7. A third of cancer deaths could be avoided by prevention. T / F / NI 8. Progress has recently been made in cancer diagnosis,
treatment and care in low and middle-income countries.
T / F / NI 9. Cancer and other non-communicable diseases have been
considered a priority since 2011.
T / F / NI
10. Countries in Latin America have already implemented non-communicable disease plans.
T / F / NI 11. The CDC is working to cut the burden of cancer in the US. T / F / NI 12. Screening for cervical cancer is costly and difficult to
implement in low-income countries.
T / F / NI 13. Health practitioners in Latin America are being trained to
detect cervical cancer.
T / F / NI
14. One priority is to obtain accurate data. T / F / NI 15. In Africa, the highest cancer death rate is that of cervical
cancer.
1. It is common knowledge among specialists that…
a) the Ebola virus can persist for several months in a patient who has recovered. b) the Ebola virus can be sexually transmitted.
c) sexual transmission can no longer occur once a person has recovered from the virus.
d) A patient recovering from Ebola should not have unprotected sex for 6 months.
2. The findings from the studies published in the NEJM… a) describe how the Ebola virus can be sexually transmitted. a) reveal that the Ebola virus can be sexually transmitted. b) draw attention to potential reoccurrences of the epidemic. c) deny a country can ever be totally Ebola-free.
3. The studies showed that after……
a) 7 to 9 months around 10 subjects still had Ebola viral RNA in their semen. b) 2 months about half of the subjects still had Ebola viral RNA in their semen. c) none of the above.
d) Both a) and b)
4. The studies also showed that……
a) Ebola survivors have traces of the live virus in their semen.
b) there are only fragments of the dead virus in Ebola survivors’ semen. c) the live viral RNA in Ebola survivors’ semen is still infectious.
d) Ebola can be sexually transmitted. 5. So far researchers…
a) do not know how long the Ebola virus remains in semen. b) cannot isolate live virus from semen samples.
c) have linked health problems to the virus remaining in the body of survivors. d) Both a) and b)
6. The risk of sexual transmission of the Ebola virus… a) is very similar to that of the Marburg virus.
b) has not been studied yet. c) is 100% nil.
d) none of the above.
7. The sexual transmission case in this study occurred between… a) two people who had survived the virus.
b) a virus free woman and an Ebola male survivor. c) a virus free male and an Ebola female survivor. d) two virus free Ebola survivors.
8. Researchers who generated an almost complete genome of the virus from the semen…
a) evidenced sexual transmission as the vector. b) found three worrying new mutations of the virus. c) showed that both subjects had had Ebola previously. a) all of the above.
9. Ebola tends to remain for some time… a) exclusively in body fluids.
b) mainly in female organs c) mainly in male organs.
d) in both male and female organs.
10. The Post-Ebola Syndrome…
a) could be explained by the prolonged existence of the virus in the body. b) includes complications after recovering from the fever.
c) includes a variety of complaints. d) all of the above.
11. The Post-Ebola Syndrome… a) can be life-threatening. b) causes over tiredness. c) causes painful articulations. d) all of the above.
12. The WHO new guidelines recommend…
a) using condoms for at least 6 months after taking ill.
b) male survivors being tested after 3 months and every 3 months until testing twice negative.
c) male survivors being tested after 3 months and every month until testing twice negative.
d) male survivors who are not tested to use condoms for at least 3 months. 13. The WHO new guidelines also recommend…
a) abstinence. b) protected sex. c) guidance. a) all of the above.
14. According to humanitarian organisations, what is really worrying is that… a) a country declared free of Ebola could still have some late cases.
b) if a country is declared Ebola-free, humanitarian help will no longer be there to help in case of a new late outburst of the disease.
c) sexual transmission could mean thousands of new cases. a) late cases are harder to treat.
15. In general this article…
a) describes the new characteristics of.the Ebola virus as being sexually transmissible.
b) reveals the potential risks associated with sexually transmissible viruses. c) assesses the risks linked to the Ebola virus remaining in the body of its
survivors.
d) deals with the issue of unprotected sex in West Africa.
Cloze
1 threatening 2 evidence 3 low 4 increase 5 reduce 6 review
7 antimicrobial 8 however 9 although 10 when 11 of 12 in
13 most 14 guiding 15 delayed
Vocab
1. This study was carried out in several European countries. 2. Obesity is often linked to lifestyle.
3. Heavy drinking can cause liver inflammation and may lead to cirrhosis.
4. The Ebola outbreak spread from Guinea to neighbouring countries. 5. The study showed that the levels of antibiotic resistance are
alarming.
6. Measles, mumps and rubella are vaccine-preventable diseases. 7. Climate change means that more and more countries are affected by
severe floods and droughts.
8. The blood samples were analysed in a laboratory.
9. Alcohol consumption has increased in recent years in young people 10. Studies have shown a decline in deaths from coronary heart disease
and stroke.
Abstract
Study question What (be) _____is___________the mortality in offspring of mothers who (have) ______had_________ influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccination during pregnancy?
Methods This (be) _____was______________ a prospective population based cohort study in seven healthcare regions in Sweden based on vaccinations taking place between 2 October 2009 and 26 November 2010. H1N1 vaccination data (link) ___were linked___________ with pregnancy and birth characteristics and offspring mortality data in 275 500 births (of which 1203 were stillbirths) from 137 886 mothers. Study answer and limitations The results of this study (suggest) ___suggest_____________ that AS03 adjuvanted H1N1 vaccination during pregnancy does not affect the risk of stillbirth, early neonatal death, or later mortality in the offspring. During follow-up, 1172 stillbirths, 380 early neonatal deaths, and 706 deaths thereafter occurred.