ethanol.ppt

(1)

2

25 5 AApprriil l 22000011 EEsstteerra a TToommuulleett 11

Ethanol

(2)

2

Pro

perties



_{Also re}

_{Also referre}

_ferre

_{d to as ethyl alcohol}



_It’

_s

_{chemical formul}

_{chemical formula: CH}

_{a: CH}

₃₃

_CH

₂₂

_OH



_{Molecular W}

_e

_{iht: !"#$%rams}



_{Ethanol is an alcohol}

_{& has a}_{& has a}_{hydro'yl ro}_{hydro'yl ro}_{up( an}_{up( an}_)OH_)OH

*onded to a car*on atom+#



_{Is a clear}

₍

_{colorless li,uid -ith sliht od}

_{colorless li,uid -ith sliht odor}

_or



_{In dilute a,ueous solution( has r}

_{In dilute a,ueous solution( has relati.e}

_elati.e

_{ly s-eet}

fla.or

fla.or(

(

*ut -hen concentrated

( it has a *urnin

taste#

(3)

2

Pro

perties

&continued+



_{Meltin point of}

_{)//!#/ derees Celsius}



_{0oilin point of %1# derees Celsius}



_{3ensity of $#%415m6 at 2$ derees Celsius}



_{7tale ut hihly flamma*le}



_{Incompati*le -ith acids( al8ali metals(}

moisture

(4)

2

9ses of Ethanol



_{9sed as thermometer}

for temp#’

s

*elo- H’

s

fre

ein point

&)!$ derees&)!$ derees Celsius+

Celsius+



_{9sed as antifreee in}

automo*ile radiators



_{9sed to ma8e se.eral}

types of alcohol

&such as&such as -his8y and *randy+

-his8y and *randy+



_{9sed to *urn in}

automo*ile enines li8e

asoline

Ethanol can *e mi'ed Ethanol can *e mi'ed -ith asoline &/:4+ to -ith asoline &/:4+ to help reduce air

help reduce air pollution) CO is pollution) CO is

(5)

2

;he Alcohol Part



_{Made since ancient}

_{Made since ancient times *y fermentat}

_{times *y fermentation of}

_{ion of}

suars &*e.erae ethanol is sti

suars &e.erae ethanol is still made y this

ll made *y this

pro

cess:

simple suars ar simple suars are the ra- e the ra- material( and <ymase material( and <ymase anan enyme from yeast( chanes the simple suars into

enyme from yeast( chanes the simple suars into ethanol and car*onethanol and car*on dio'ide *y this r'n:

dio'ide *y this r'n:

+



_C

_"_"

_H

_/2_/2

_O

_"_"

₎₎₎₌

_{2 CH}

₃₃

_CH

₂₂

_{OH > 2 CO}

₂₂



_{?eaction is comple'}

_{?eaction is comple' *ecause impur}

_{*ecause impure cu}

_{e cu}

_lture

_{s of}

yeast pro

duce other su*stances and .a

duce other su*stances and .arious

rious

other

oranic

oranic acids

acids

&in the production of *e.eraes( such&in the production of *e.eraes( such as -his8y and *randy( the impurities *rin a*out fla.or+

(6)

2

;he Alcohol Part

&continued+



_{7ince ethanol is to'ic(}

_{the *ody}

disposes of it immediately



_{Ethanol acts as a depre}

_{Ethanol acts as a depressant that}

_{ssant that}

affects the central ner.ous

system and suppre

sses certain

*rain functions

•

•_{Classic symptoms of into'ication include: slurred}_{Classic symptoms of into'ication include: slurred}

speech( unsteady -al8( ina*ility to re

speech( unsteady -al8( ina*ility to react ,uic8lyact ,uic8ly( etc#( etc#

•

• Ho-e.er Ho-e.er( ( moderate amounts of alcoholmoderate amounts of alcohol

stimulate the mind and re

(7)

2

Ethanol in the 0rain



_{Ethanol affects neur}

_otransmitte

_{otransmitters in the *rain#}

_{rs in the *rain#}



_{One neurotransmit}

_{ter is}

_{amma)amino*utyric acid}

&@A0A+

(8)

2

Pro

duction



_{;hree main processes for the manufacture of}

ethanol:



 fermentation of car*ohydrates &transformation of fermentation of car*ohydrates &transformation of

car*ohydrates s to ethanol *y ro-in yeast cells+



 hydration of ethylene &achie.ed *y passin a mi'ture ofhydration of ethylene &achie.ed *y passin a mi'ture of

ethylene and a lare e'cess of steam+) most

ethylene and a lare e'cess of steam+) most commoncommon

process used in 97A

process used in 97A today &%$ to 4$ perctoday &%$ to 4$ percent+ent+



 reduction of acetylene &achie.ed *y hydration ofreduction of acetylene &achie.ed *y hydration of

ethanol.ppt

Ethanol

Ethanol

Pro

Pro

perties

perties

Also re

Also referre

ferre

d to as ethyl alcohol

d to as ethyl alcohol

It’

It’

s

s

chemical formul

chemical formula: CH

a: CH

CH

CH

OH

OH

Molecular W

Molecular W

e

e

iht: !"#$%rams

iht: !"#$%rams

Ethanol is an alcohol

Ethanol is an alcohol

Is a clear

Is a clear

(

(

colorless li,uid -ith sliht od

colorless li,uid -ith sliht odor

or

In dilute a,ueous solution( has r

In dilute a,ueous solution( has relati.e

elati.e

ly s-eet

ly s-eet

fla.or

fla.or(

(

*ut -hen concentrated

*ut -hen concentrated

( it has a *urnin

( it has a *urnin

taste#

Pro

Pro

perties

perties

&continued+

&continued+





Meltin point of

Meltin point of

)//!#/ derees Celsius

)//!#/ derees Celsius





0oilin point of %1# derees Celsius

0oilin point of %1# derees Celsius





3ensity of $#%415m6 at 2$ derees Celsius

3ensity of $#%415m6 at 2$ derees Celsius





7ta*le *ut hihly flamma*le

7ta*le *ut hihly flamma*le





Incompati*le -ith acids( al8ali metals(

Incompati*le -ith acids( al8ali metals(

moisture

_{Also re}

_{Also referre}

_ferre

_{d to as ethyl alcohol}

_{d to as ethyl alcohol}

_It’

_It’

_s

_s

_{chemical formul}

_{chemical formula: CH}

_{a: CH}

_CH

_CH

_OH

_OH

_{Molecular W}

_{Molecular W}

_e

_e

_{iht: !"#$%rams}

_{iht: !"#$%rams}

_{Ethanol is an alcohol}

_{Ethanol is an alcohol}

_{Is a clear}

_{Is a clear}

₍

₍

_{colorless li,uid -ith sliht od}

_{colorless li,uid -ith sliht odor}

_or

_{In dilute a,ueous solution( has r}

_{In dilute a,ueous solution( has relati.e}

_elati.e

_{ly s-eet}

_{ly s-eet}

_{Meltin point of}

_{Meltin point of}

_{)//!#/ derees Celsius}

_{)//!#/ derees Celsius}

_{0oilin point of %1# derees Celsius}

_{0oilin point of %1# derees Celsius}

_{3ensity of $#%415m6 at 2$ derees Celsius}

_{3ensity of $#%415m6 at 2$ derees Celsius}

_{7tale ut hihly flamma*le}

_{7tale ut hihly flamma*le}

_{Incompati*le -ith acids( al8ali metals(}

_{Incompati*le -ith acids( al8ali metals(}

_{9sed as thermometer}

_{9sed as thermometer}

_{9sed as antifreee in}

_{9sed as antifreee in}

_{9sed to ma8e se.eral}

_{9sed to ma8e se.eral}

_{9sed to *urn in}

_{9sed to *urn in}

_{Made since ancient}

_{Made since ancient times *y fermentat}

_{times *y fermentation of}

_{ion of}

suars &e.erae ethanol is still made y this

_C

_C

_H

_H

_O

_O

₎₎₎₌

₎₎₎₌

_{2 CH}

_{2 CH}

_CH

_CH

_{OH > 2 CO}

_{OH > 2 CO}

_{?eaction is comple'}

_{?eaction is comple' *ecause impur}

_{*ecause impure cu}

_{e cu}

_lture