Process Challenges in Human Systems Integration

(1)

Process Challenges in

Human Systems Integration

Elaine M. Thorpe

Technical Fellow

Human Systems Integration, Functional Skill Team Lead

NDIA HSI Committee Meet

June 9, 2009

(2)

Bio

Elaine Thorpe is a Boeing Technical Fellow in the area of Human Systems Integration (HSI). She Leads the HSI Functional Skill Team, which seeks to define common processes, products, tools & training for HSI engineers across the Boeing Enterprise. Elaine also serves as a technology scout for the Global Technology organization, which reports to the Boeing Chief Technology Officer. Elaine has worked at Boeing for 22 years, providing operator interface support to IDS, BCA, and

Phantom Works programs. She is currently assigned to the C-130

Avionics Modernization Program (AMP) Advanced Design group. Elaine holds an MS degree in Industrial Engineering/Human Factors from the State University of New York at Buffalo, and a BS degree in Psychology Sciences from Buffalo State College.

Elaine enjoys playing music and tennis, and developing a pistachio orchard with her family.

(3)

Human System Integration (HSI)

• Our goal is to define safe and

effective interfaces between a

system or equipment and the people who operate, produce, maintain, train on and support it.

• We are a design function; our work

spans a program life-cycle

• We support programs, proposals,

research and technology

development.

• We are a culmination of skills who work within a System Engineering environment

to apply knowledge of human physical, cognitive, and cultural characteristics in the development and testing of DoD, Commercial, and Space systems.

- human factors, psychology,

- biomedical, industrial engr,

- supportability, maintainability

- aerospace engineers, ex-flight & ground operators

(4)

• Southern California

• Puget Sound

• St. Louis

• Mesa

• Wichita

• Philadelphia

• Huntsville

• Houston

• KSC FLA

Approximately 280 HSI

Engineers Across

Boeing

40 HSI Engineers in

the Technical

Excellence Program

Overview of HSI at Boeing

HSI Personnel Offer Boeing-wide Support

126 SMEs

– Aerospace Physiology

– Crew Accommodation

– Cockpits and Displays

• Lighting

• Layout

(5)

HSI Overview, cont’d

Overview of HSI at Boeing

• Most Visible ‘Traditional’ Products

− flight deck design/controls & display definition

− workstation layouts for optimal reach, vision & usability

− anthropometric and User Population Accommodation

− human modeling & ergonomics

− personnel protective gear

− design for flight and maintainer crews

− factory ergonomics

• What we worry about today

− Information & Knowledge Management

− Situation Awareness & Workload Impacts on Human Performance

− Expanding mission complexity on shrinking crew complements

− Time Critical Decision Making

− Accommodation of Nearly 100% User Population, cross-cultural

− Immersive Simulation Environments to Emulate Actual Mission and Crew Behavior

− Software Modeling of Human Decision Making and Control

(6)

HSI Functional Skill Team Charter & Activities

HSI FST is an Enterprise-wide Skill team of HSI engineers who

• Define processes, products, training and tools to optimize the development of operator interfaces for DoD, Commercial & Space Systems.

• Establish and document Common Processes that define the functional role of HSI, our tools and products that ensure best ‘usability’ of all Boeing products.

• Define & Maintain technical competency by developing training courses for all HSI skill areas

• Support Tech Review Boards, Non-Advocate Reviews, Staffing Needs

• SME Leads on Human Subjects Review Board, US Health & Human Services

• Products and Activities

− formal Boeing Process Guidance docs for HSI Design Process, and our salient products

¾Reqts Capt & Dev, Workload Assessment, HEPP, HSIPP, HEDAD-O, HEDAD-M, etc

− Develop Training Curriculums for task performance, personnel development & tool use

− Maintain Tools to allow training & HSI product development

− Input to Company Level Templates: SEMP, Boeing PROs/BPGs, SSOW, SEPM

− Support Skill Management Codes & Competencies

− Tech Fellow Utilization

− Support all SE FST Process Guides & SE Function Initiatives: Get to Blue, Lean +, Program Partnership, Program Hot Start, Proposal Checklist

• Good exposure of HSI across SE Function, Programs, and Boeing Business Units

− We’re popular! Boeing HSI FST

(7)

HSI FST within Boeing SE Function

Boeing HSI FST

(8)

HSI Process Challenges

• Traditional

− MIL-H-46855B, Human Engineering Requirements for Military Systems,

Equipment and Facilities

• Today

− DOD 5000.02 HSI.

Operator-Centric product design

− 8* Domains, integrate

− DIDs in work/recently released (HSIPP)

Process Challenges in HSI

* Number may vary per Service

− Follows Classic Systems

Engineering Process

− Data Item Descriptions & CDRLs (HEPP, Gross/Critical Task

Analysis, HEDAD-O, HEDAD-M, etc)

¾ Manpower, Personnel, Training, Human

Factors, System Safety, Environment & Occupational Health, Survivability, and Habitability for a total system of systems solution) RequirementsRequirements I N P U T S O U T P U T S HSI Products

Design & Devel

I N P U T S O U T P U T S HSI Products Reqts Dev & Analysis

Design & Devel

Test, Eval & Verif RequirementsRequirements I N P U T S O U T P U T S HSI Products

Design & Devel

I N P U T S O U T P U T S HSI Products Reqts Dev & Analysis

Design & Devel

Test, Eval & Verif DoD HSI

(9)

HSI Organization in SE vs DoD 5000.02 Domains

• Not all Domains are within SE or under Boeing HSI RAA (Responsibility, Approval Authority)

Engineering Functions SE Mgmt Afford- ability Cert/ Qual Com/ Network HSI Ops/Sys Analysis R,M & S Health Sys Architect SE Meas & Contrl Valid/ Verif Modeling & Sim System Safety System Security Customer Engr Mechanical/ Structures Mechanical/ Structures Mechanical/ Structures Product Lifecycle Mgmt Product Lifecycle Mgmt Product Lifecycle Mgmt Electrical

Engineering Factory _{Support Engr} Flight Software _Engineering Systems _Engineering Materials/Proc_{& Physics}

Electrical Engineering Electrical

Engineering _{Support Engr}Factory _{Support Engr}Factory FlightFlight _EngineeringSoftware _EngineeringSoftware Systems _EngineeringSystems _Engineering _{& Physics}_{& Physics}Materials/ProcMaterials/Proc

Test & Evaluation Test & Evaluation Test & Evaluation FSTs

DoD5000.02 HSI Domains

Manpower

Personnel

Training

System Safety Human Factors Environmental Safety &

Occupational Health Survivability

(10)

How are the Domains Related?

ESOH Manpower Feed -back Feed -back •Job, Duty & Task

Descriptions

•Operator Scenarios •Task Analysis Data

User Interface Design Support Safety & Health

Survivability analysis results No. of Personnel Available Space and Arrangement

Hazard Analysis Results

Task Analysis Data Skill and Aptitude Rqmts

Skill and Aptitude Rqmts Feed-back Feed-back No. of Personnel Survivability Analysis results Share analysis results Share analysis results

Berthing and Hygiene Rqmts User Interface Design

Requirements

Job, Duty and Task Descriptions

Operator Scenarios

Task Analysis Data

User Interface Design Support Task and Workload Analysis Data

•Personnel Hazards

•Human Error Analysis

•Design and Performance Criteria

•Inputs to Hazard Analysis Environmental and Occupational Health Environmental and Occupational Health Habitability

Habitability TrainingTraining

Personnel Personnel Manpower Manpower Human Factors Human Factors System Safety System Safety

System, Job and User Interface design Person Levels per Mission/Ergonomic Criteria

No. of Personnel

Survivability Survivability

•Design and Performance Criteria

•Inputs to Survivability Analysis

•SA Analysis Results Process Challenges in HSI

(11)

• Traditional Human Engineering process vs DoD5000.02 HSI structure

− Consistency across DoD Services enables consistency in industry HSI structure & design process

− Consider overlap & accommodation with commercial/FAA practices

− Domains not all included in Systems Engineering Function--should SE re-organize?

• Process drives scope & cost into small programs; the HSI process must be

tailorable

− Boeing HSI Process is company-wide (military, commercial, space) & must accommodate 5000.02

• ‘Specialty Engineering’ moniker limits the importance & upfront

prominence of HSI

− Our work spans the entire program lifecycle & addresses the critical interfaces of Operator Centric design

− Consider ‘break away’ from Specialty Engr; make HSI it’s own entity

• KPP (or other directly measured metric) elevates a Program’s HSI effort

− Well defined Competencies support good work products and position HSI for growth to future, technology, staffing, and training roadmaps

(12)

• HSI/HFE/Crew Station Design unevenly practiced across Industry

− Boeing is improving

• Human Systems Integration vs Humans Integrating Systems

− Do we have the best name?

• Impact of Milestone B on changing requirements downstream per

• Program activities that typically occur late upon design maturation

• Workload studies, sim trials, verification, flight test

Also on To Do List

• Perform HSI Industry Benchmarking of all Subject Areas

(13)

HSI is a System Engineering/Horizontal Integration effort with

requirements throughout the acquisition cycle and across many

disciplines

HSI is a technical management function. It is not a discipline.

HSI best resides in SE “box”

– Placed so that each user interface design decision and modification is given HSI consideration

– Established early in acquisition, no later than SDD

– Is a part of early trade off and function allocation decisions

HSI has representation across various IPTs

HSI sits on Engineering Review Board

A comprehensive HSI technical management plan and process is

established and documented in the SEMP

HSI Audit Trail established

HSI performance is tracked

HSI at the Organizational Level

(14)

HSI at the HSI Task Level

Maintains strong interrelationships across HSI Domains throughout design

(regardless of where the domain personnel are in the organizational structure)

Communicate, Coordinate, Inform

Each Domain participates in HSI integration meetings

Domains “do their job” but HSI integrates, trades, and levels requirements

Active Customer/End-user involvement

This includes the activities and products of Manpower, Personnel, Training, Human Factors, Safety, Environmental and Occupational Health, Habitability, and Personal Survivability

experts

Logs, coordinates, tracks, and documents HSI issues and resolutions

Conducts proactive within-domain trade studies

Conducts cross-domain trade studies

Ensures that sufficient time and resources have been allocated to coordinate analyses and

planned operational test and evaluation events

Reviews the logistics concept to ensure that it is synchronized with all domain and training concepts

Provide Manpower Analysis

Participate in HSI Trade Studies

Coordinates with Affordability for LCC estimates

(15)

Industry - Customer Issues

Industry - Customer must work together during program planning and

negotiations to establish:

Clear, verifiable HSI requirements in all domains

Contract deliverables representing each of the domains

– HSI DIDs – HSIPP (DI-HFAC-81743), HSIR (TBD)

– HFE deliverables not present in several HSI programs

Agreement on the content/format of deliverables, including customer tailoring

HSI role in T&E

Mechanisms/tools for including all domains, and metrics for domain trade offs

Expectations for customer participation in HSI Working Groups and End-user evaluations

Maintain HFE as a domain, it is not replaced with HSI activity

INCOSE, GEIA, and NDIA to work together to establish a common HSI

approach

Organizational structure can impede integration efforts

DoDI 5000.2 (2008) Enclosure 12 does not include HSI, only ESOH

Manpower, Personnel, and Training activity is under Personnel/Logistics

Process Challenges in Human Systems Integration