Literature Study: Sports Complex

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Literature study sports complex

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•A sports complex is an enclosed area, often circular or oval-shaped,

designed to showcase and practice of various sports events.

•Sports complex will have a stadium complex that is to be the most

modern and advance which will be able to facilitate international sports

and mega-events.

•It will have a dedicated cricket stadium , an outdoor multipurpose

stadium for sports like football and rugby.

An indoor multi-purpose stadium for sports like basketball swimming

pool , skating rink ,volleyball and a dedicated hockey stadium.

SPORTS COMPLEX

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In relation to a city a sports complex must fit in well with the following

• local topography

•Good transport

•Supply facilities

•Closeness to industrial area

•Climatic conditions

•As a rule the stadium is partly below the ground lvl with the excavated

earth heaped up around it.

•The size of the inner sports field can be based loosely on the size of a

football pitch .

•For athletics stadium there should be a running track surrounding the

field.

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• Full provision for all field events

• A separate warming-up area (desirable)

• Changing and washing facilities for 200 athletes in the proportion two-thirds

male to one-third female

• Additional separate changing accommodation for boys and girls is desirable

• A covered stand to seat least 2000 spectators.

• Appropriate toilet and car parking facilities.

• An announcer’s box and provision for the press, broadcasting and television

• Officials’ room

• Equipment rooms and store

• The perimeter of the track not covered by the stand should, if possible, be

terraced to provide further spectator

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•The orientation of the the ancient stadiums were determined by the variable timing of the contest .

•Axes ran from west to east or north to south.

•In present time the main axis is usually north-east to south-west to avoid direct sunlight .

•Access gates are situated to the east

•Turnstiles are provided so as to direct the stream of visitors to the various stadium entry points.

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TYPES OF SEATING

Seating with backs, fixed and fold-up

•Row width 780–800mm recommended •Minimum clear seatway 305 mm

•Width of seats 460–500mm for seats without arms 500mm for seats with arms

Benches without backs.

•Row width 610mm min recommended •Minimum clear seatway 400mm

•Width of seats 460–500mm

•These allow closer spacing but are less comfortable.

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The assumed constant of ‘the crown’, i.e. the distance from the eye to

the top of the head which is known as the C value

The tread depth or seating row depth

The point of focus (the middle of the innermost athletics track or the

near touchline in football or rugby)

The height of the spectator’s eye in the first row

The sight of spectator is determined by the following principal factors : SIGHT OF SPECTATOR

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SWIMMING POOL

Pool capacities may be determined by dividing the water surface area by 2. Thus a 25 x 13 m pool can accommodate to reasonable comfort standards 325 ÷ 2 = 162 bathers.

Changing cubicles, lockers and car parking provision can be based upon the same analysis plus the following allowances: • Locker allowance based upon pool capacity, with a further 162 changing = 324 lockers, usually in two- to three-tier

compartments

• Changing cubicle provision may be based upon a time factor of 5–10-minute occupation per bather. Thus in any one hour 162 bathers in the pool plus a further 162 changing ready to enter the pool = 324 bathers ÷ 10 minutes = 32 cubicles

• Car parking provision may be calculated thus: 324 bathers, 3 persons per car average = 101 spaces + a further allowance

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Large numbers of spectators in sports grounds are a source of

danger to themselves, particularly from:

• Tripping, slipping and falling

• Crowd pressure on terraces and exits and

• Fire and chaos.

All spectators should be able to leave a sports ground within 8minutes. • If there are combustible stands (such as constructed of

timber) spectators must be able to be cleared from them within 2½ Minutes. •An exit or escape route be less than 1.1 m wide, minimum headroom 2.4 m •No flight should have less than three or more

than 16 risers and two flights with more than 12 risers should have a turn between.

•Ramps should not be be steeper than 10 per cent ( 1:10 )

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FOOTBALL

Football, Association (Soccer). L B

International: 100–110 m 64–75 m Senior: 96–100 m 60–64 m Junior: 90 m 45–55 m

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INDOOR BASKETBALL OUTDOOR BASKETBALL

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Case study 1 MAJOR DHYAN CHAND STADIUM

DHYANCHAND

national

STADIUM

DHYAN CHAND NATIONAL STADIUM IS A FIELD HOCKEY STADIUM AT NEW DELHI, INDIA.

It is named after former famous Indian field hockey player, Dhyan Chand.

The stadium was a venue for the 2010 Commonwealth Games for the hockey. Located in central Delhi. Accessecibility: mathura rd and purana qila rd. Context: - Patiala house court

-india gate pragati maidan. Site area: 37 acre stadium area: 17,500sqm

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Ground floor plan

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Second floor plan

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Seating plan

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Case study 1 MAJOR DHYAN CHAND STADIUM elevation

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Case study 2 TALKATORA STADIUM

• Talkatora Indoor Stadium is an indoor stadium located in New

Delhi, India.

• Capacity - 3035 people

• The stadium was a venue for the 2010 Commonwealth Games for

the event of boxing.

• Project: M/S Raja Aederi Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

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Site

Site Plan

Circulation

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Site

• Three entries to site: o Vehicular o Pedestrian o Players • Two parkings: o Public o Vip • Built area: o Administrative block o Boxing Stadium • Services:

o Main sewer along Park Street.

o Covered drains for storm water run off throughout the site.

o 2 underground water tanks for rain water harvesting.

Circulation

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Area analysis

• Total area of the complex: 12.13 acres

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Plans : Indoor Stadium

Basement Plan

It houses air-conditioning plants, hydro pneumatic water supply system, emergency generating sets,

fire fighting pumps and an underground water tank.

• Boxers will reach the ring from an underground tunnel (30.5 feet) inside the players facility centre, walking a total of 60 steps.

• Roof is at the level of ground and can bear a load of a 40 ton fire tender.

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60 solar energy lights in the compound of Talkatora Indoor Stadium. These lights are made of Light Emission Diode chip which consumes minimum energy. The 60 Watt of LED lights provides more illumination than 400 Watt of sodium vapour lamps. The average life time of each LED light is 50,000 hours and due to their advanced technology these lights require very little maintenance as well

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Facilities

The stadium has:

• one competition ring

• four warm-up areas

• a tunnel to facilitate movement of the athletes from the Facility Block to the

main stadium.

• acoustic ceiling of dome,

• scoreboard, video screens

• sports lighting.

• 184 CCTV cameras,

• a media centre with computers,

• anti-doping centre,

• gym

• separate rooms for boxers with a bed, a cupboard and a rack.

• A number of environment-friendly material and energy-efficient devices

have been used in this block to make it a green building. The venue has been redesigned and oriented in such a way so as to take advantage of solar angles and wind direction. The roof of the stadium will also have solar energy panels.

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